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History and Present State of the Jewish Nation.
FROM THE THEOLOGICAL REPERTORY.
The people ofthe United States may be
estimated at ten millions.—The greater
proportion are occupied in agriculture. A
variety of commercial, mechanical, and
other pursuits, engage the rest. In their
national and religions customs and senti
ments, let there be supposed to be a gener
al uniformity—admit, even, a much great
er similarity in these respects, than actual
ly happens to exist.—Next, suppose the
most exposed of our states and territories
to fill successively, and at distant periods,
under the power of different foreign inva
ders, —and the people of these dismembered,
sections to be removed into the countries
1 of their conquerors, and all hope of their
return cut off by the irruption of other set
tlers into the habitations from which they
had been excluded.
Suppose these desponding and exiled
captives much more destitute of knowledge
and letters, at the time of their removal,
than the people of any considerable part of
this country ever have been ; and that, in
their dispersed state, they gradually come
to adopt the languages of their conquerors,
and drop their own. Here leave them.—
Return to the remaining states, which re
tain for a feiv generations longer their na
tional existence, —but the people of these
are likewise despoiled, by degrees, of
their civil and domestick privileges, by
BWinfi tyrrtnnical power vlioh tliov aro
unable effectually’ to resist. Conscriptions
and exactions are incessanlly levied upon
them, —till, exasperated by their grievan
ces and forced to arm in selfdefence, they
bring upon themselves the utmost indigna
tion of their foreign masters. Their num
bers are reduced by slaughter and famine,
and the shattered remnant sold as slaves to
every nation and city in the world. Nor
suppose their ignominy to terminate here.
The dishonourable close of their national
history, the peculiarities of their character,
and their indigent and dependent condition,
expose them to the odium, contempt, and
injury of mankind. The first generation,
worn -out with sufferings and oppressed
with ignominy, dies. Their posterity suc
ceed to the same inheritance of shame and
wretchedness. They are too much dis
persed for mutual example to have any
effect in perpetuating their peculiarities, or
mutual encouragements to raise the hope
of improvement in their future circumstan
ces. Their condition of personal servi
tude, being marked by no distinction of
colour, cannot, of course, be perpetual.
Here, then, are ten millions of people, scat
tered among at least fifty nations—speaking
half that number of languages ; and subject
ed to all the varieties of climate, mode of
living, and intellectual culture, incident to
so dispersed a residence.
What will be their condition three cen
turies from thifperiod? Should any sin
THE MISSIONARY.
gle portion of them* more favourably situ
ated than the rest, have undertaken to up
hold their national Customs and
tteks, by associating together under all the
disadvantages of their circumstances ; we
should see them at this time reduced to a
handful; and, notwithstanding their utmost
precaution, almost or quite identified with
the aboriginal inhabitants about them.
Double that period, and not a distinct ves
tige of their national origin would remain.
But they could have no motive to maintain
their national peculiarities. To perpetu*
ate these, would be only to protract their
shame and sufferings; and a few, a very
few, gradations of descent would effectually
accomplish it. Half the period just named
would, in most instances, merge every dis
tinction ; and identify what was once the
American people with the population ofthe
other countrips Ibrous-h which tbev had
i ..tiereu. X heir name would exist
only in history.—ln the fifth ceutury the
Saxon tribes conquered England, and estab
lished themselves among the original peo
ple of that country. But, in how few age 9
was it impossible to be told who was of
Anglian and who of Saxon descent? The
Danes obtruded themselves upon this min
gled population in the ninth century : and,
when the Normans conquered England in
the eleventh century, who could designate
the families of Anglian, Saxon, and Danish
origin ?—And for how manj’ ages have not
only these distinctions—but even the most
recent, that of English and Norman, —been
utterly lost; except in the dooms-day re
cords, or some most tangible family memo
rials?—Without a miraculous interposition
of the Father and Buler of nations, so it
must he in every similar case.
But imagine the American people eigh
teen or twenty centuries from the date of
their conquest and dispersion, with the ex
ception of speaking a diversity of languages
and exhibiting the effects of a variety of
climates, almost precisely as they were in
th-e beginning of their reverses. This
phenomenon is not limited lo one, to five,
to twenty, divisions of the nation ; but to
every one—from China to Mexico; and
presents itself, with little variation, in those
portions which, daring the whole period,
have had no correspondence, and were not
known by each other to be in existence.
Number (he dispersed fragments of (his
people,and you find them ten millions still.*
They are found now to display certain pe
culiarities; which, even in their national
state, they never possessed: and these, in
the midst of all their adverse circumstances,
are universal. Though all possess a com
petency, and many of them an abundance
of wealth, they have all vested their pro
perty in nearly the same way. They
might, in most countries, have bought from
their persecutors, the very soil on which
they live; bat scarcely are they the pro
prietors of an acre of land throughout the
world ! With few, very few, exceptions,
it may be said of them, they are nowhere
mechanicks: they are nowhere mer
chants ; or, if at all, only on the most limit
ed scale: they are nowhere occupied in
agriculture: nor, with few exceptions, are
they any where found engaged in the pur
suit of general science, or the exercise of
the learned and liberal professions.—With
the politicks of the world they have no
concern; and, with the happiness or snffer
ings of others, little or no sympathy. Ev
en at this remote period, an (inextinguisha
ble desire and confident expectation of vis
iting and re-occupying the territory from
which they were formerly expelled, with
out a single visible circumstance to author
ise such a hope, or hardly to prompt soch a
wish, pervades the whole people. But
why these suppositions ?—They are not
suppositions :—but a reality. Every read
er knows (he originals of the picture.
Every Jew exists, the monument and the
witness of this stupendous miracle of Pro
vidence.
The circumstances of their general de
fection from the God of their fathers ; their
subjection, dispersion, sufferings, persecu
tions, and the perpetuity of their national
and religious character, were all distinctly
predicted in the scriptures common to
* In a tract lately published at Paris, by \l.
Bail, the following is given as a fair calculation of
the number of Jews in the different parts of the
globe.
In all parts of Poland, before the
Partition of 1772, 1,000,000
Ist Russia, including Moldavia and
Wallacliia 200,000
In all the states where the German
language is spoken 500,000
In Holland and the Netherlands 80,000
In Sweden and Denmark 5,000
In France 30,000
In England (of which London itself
contains 12,000) 50,000
In the states in which Italian is
spoken 300,000
In Spain and Portugal 10,000
In the United States 3,000
In the Mohammedan States of Asia,
Europe, and Africa 4,000,000
In Persia, and the rest of Asia
including China and India 500,000
6,608,000
They are still nearly as numerous, (admitting
the correctness of the above estimate,) as at the
most prosperous state of their nation ; which, it is
supposed, did not exceed in the time of Solomon,
SEVEN MILLIONS*
GO YE INTO ALL THE WORLD AND PREACIt,THE GOSPEL TO EVERY CREATURE.— Jesus Christ.
MOUNT ZION, (HANCOCK CO. GA.) MONDAY, AUGUST 27, 1821.
them, and to us, for many centuries before
the earliest of these events cme to pass.
A9 nothing but the power of Gid could ac
complish their national preservation, and
perpetuate their national peculiarities, in
the midst of causes continually operating
to counteract and efface them; so lj s om
niscience only could have foresee* ;md
foretold the circumstances of their lon and
mournful history. He had given bis Vord
that such should be the judgment of{his
once favoured, but ungrateful, people
[See Amos, ix, 9.]—And, though a ctn
stant miracle is requisite to verify the de
nunciation, his power has never ceased, f#r
a moment, to be exerted, in so extraordina
ry a way, for the confirmation of his justice
and truth.
And why that hope -bj ? fc^ erings , can
fi ,tinvn h in the broaf of every Israelite,
again to return to the land of his forefa
thers ?—a hope which governs the pursuits
of their nation, carries a practical influence
into all (heir calculations of trade, brightens
the obscurity of their prospects, softens
the scourge of their persecutions, and af
fords, almost the only mitigation of their
sufferings ?—ls it the purpose of God to
accomplish this hope ? There is much in
the prophetick declarations of his word, to
justify this belief, but ire must with caution
indulge our inquiries into the yet undevel
oped mysteries of the Divine counsels. —
But on one point the scripture is explicit.
The Jewish nation shall, as a nation, return
to the God of Abraham; and acknowledge
and embrace, as their Saviour and Lord,
the crucified Redeemer. [See Romans, xi.
12, 15, 23, lo 32.] To this glorious issue
of all their sufferings, and aberrations, we
are required to look forward with confi
dence : and it should be, as it is beginning
to become, an object of incessant prayer,
and unwearied effort, throughout the Chris
tian church, to hastcu the event. The
same prophecies assure os that the Gentile
world will never experience the full bene
fits ofthe gospel, until the Jews are re-in
stated in their former privileges ; —and
that, with their restoration, the fulness of
the Gentiles will come in.
—— *:o:&:o:<c* —
EPISCOPAL CONVENTION.
From the Washington Theol. Repertory.
The Convention of the Protestant Episcopal
Church, convened at Raleigh, N. C. on Satur
day the 28th A pri I, and adjourned on Wednes
day—The venerable Bishop Moore President.
Address of Bishop Moore at the conclusion of
the Convention—Extracted from the Min
utes.
Brethren : The prospect of success
which gradually unfolds itself to our view,
in the advancement of the interests of the
church, is truly encouraging. We have,
-hitherto, met with no difficulties to retard
our progress; no untoward event to par
alyze our minds; no afflicting circumstance
to excite a desponding fear. Our path has
been rendered clear by the pointings of
Providence, and the mot animating light
has been reflected upon it by that God, in
whose service we are engaged.
When we consider the depressed circum
stances under which the episcopal church
of North Carolina laboured, at the period
in which the attempt to revive its interests
first commenced, we must be aware of those
effects of which the least check (o ourexer
tion* would have been productive. *tho’
the union into which the friends of our com
munion entered was ardent and sincere,
still, as the object they had in view was of
great importance and the number of those
who sustained the ark was very small, diffi
culties which would have been disregarded
by a larger body, would not only have sha
ken the hopes of the chosen few, but pros
trated. their best efforts in the dust, and
produced a relinquishment of the concern in
which they had so nobly engaged. The
Almighty, in tender mercy, Ime suljcc.tcjj
us to no such discouregeaaents. In every
step we have taken we have been sustained
by his benevolent arm : a pillar of light has
shown us the way by which to proceed;
obstructions have been removed; the moun
tains of difficulty have been made easy for
the passage of his church and people;
friends have been raised up far our support;
the different societies of Christians have re
ceived us with open arms, and have wished
us success in the name of the Lord.
These considerations have made an im
pression upon my mind, which no circum
stances can ever efface; and I rejoice that
the Almighty God has made choice of me
to assist you in the work and to aid you in
the resuscitation of this portion of his vine
yard.
To ensure success to your further efforts,
I would urge yon to persevere in the same
course of conduct you have hitherto pursu
ed. As long as the clergy continue to
preach Jesus Christ, and him crucified, Je
hovah will continue to bless their labours.
As long as the laity follow Christ, and obey
his precepts, Jehovah will own them as his
servants. Marked with the features of the
cross; making mention of the righteousness
ofChri9t, and of his only, we shall be uni
versally acknowledged as the friends of that
Being who died on Calvary and is risen from
the dead.
The proposition which has been made to
this convention, by a portion ofthe Luther
an church of this state, is calculated to ex
cite our warmest gratitude to God: it pro
claims, in language which cannot be misun
derstood, the confidence they place in our
integrity, and the preference they give to
our religious institutions. The door which
has been opened for the reception ofthe
messenger into our bosom, which conveyed
to ns their proposals, forms an event ofthe
most imposing character. In a point from
which we apprehended some difficulty,
there has no difficulty arisen ; and we have
9ent him back to the people of his charge,
clothed with that ministerial authority re
quired by our fellow labourer in the Gospel
—our friend—our brother.
If the .Lutheran —{■ ——
tend upon our proceedings, breathe the
same sentiments which warm my heart; if
they possess the same desire to effect as
perfect and entire an union as hath been
exemplified in their representative, it can
not be long before that union will be com
pleted. We shall then form one fold under
one shepherd; meet around the same altar;
constitute one household, Jesus Christ
himself the Bishop of our souls.
On my way to (he convention, 1 preach
ed inWarrington to a large congregation, k
confirmed ten persons. Since (he present
session of the Convention in Raleigh com
menced, I have ordained three deacons, and
admitted one of the number to the priest
hood. I have confirmed forty-nine persons,
baptized twenty-five children, and adminis
tered the Lord’9 supper to many ofthe fol
lowers of the belonging to the va
rious congregations in this place.
Brethren of the clergy and laity, accept
the assurances of my great respect and re
gard: I wish you a happy interview with
your families, and may the Lord be with
you.
FROM THE BOSTON RECORDER.
At the laying of the corner stone of a
new Episcopal Church in Wheeling, Virgin
ia, May 9, 1821, the Ilev. Dr. Joseph Dod
dridge delivered an Address, from which
we extract the following sentence; —
“ Why should we send our Missionaries to
the inhospitable climes of Asia or Africa,
while so many thousands and tens of thou
sands of our Zion, are perishing for lack of
knowledge in our own country ? You have
before you the mournful prospect of the des
olations of Israel presented to the mind of
, the Prophet Ezekiel in bis vision of the
valley of dry bones, to be covered with
flesh and skin from above.”
It would be manifestly unjust to question
the piety of a man who seems anxious for
the advancement of religion in his own
country, on account of his opposition to
Foreign Missions—but it may be allowable
to question the soundness of his logick. If
we receive it as established truth, that
Christians are under obligations to send the
gospel to every creature—and that obedi
ence to Divine commands will no! lose its
reward, we may pretty safely conclude that
the interests of religion at home will lose
nothing by their advancement abroad. If
it is not right to behold with indifference
the millions of Asia and Africa in a state of
ignorance and guilt, it doubtless is right to
afford them all the means of relief in our
power, and exert ourselves to the utmost
to make them acquainted with the only
name given under heaven whereby any can
be saved. And if it be right, there can
neither be folly nor guilt in giving them
this information: and if there be neither
folly nor guilt in doing it, the plan of God’s
government does not allow u 9 to fear any
evil consequences.
Religion, and the preachers of religion,
are too often regarded as commodities, suit
able only for home consumption—as not
bringing back from countries to which they
are sent, an equivalent in value, and of
courno, occaainmng lOSB tn the exporters.
No notion is more groundless. The church
can never he impoverished by giving, nor
enriched by withholding. So long as her
treasures are not of this world, she is not at
liberty to adopt the maxims of the world in
the distribution of them. She never im
parts them to others, without increasing
her own stock. The principles of revela
tion, the very nature of Christianity, diffu
sive and kind, together with long tried ex
perience, unite to testify that the best meth
od of promoting religion at home is to send
it abroad ; it makes sure and invaluable re
turns, in the spirit of enterprise it awakens
—in the devotion and zeal it enkindles—in
the evidence it briugs home to the heart of
an interest in the love of God —in the grat
itude, the hope, the faith and the joy of
those who receive it. Accordingly, at no
period of the church, has she found so great
enlargement, as when she has been most
obedient to the last injunction of her ascen
ded king; the Spirit hath been poured up
on her from on high—her cords/have been
lengthened, and her stakes strengthened in
proportion as she has commiserated the con
dition of “ a world iyiug in wickedness,”
and sounded abroad the Word of the
Lord.
Nothing short of a blinded understanding,
or perverted heart, would sanction any plan
for improving the moral condition of man
kind in general, which involved the dere-
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iictton of duties connected with the partic
ular sphere in which God has placed us.
Beyond a doubt, unfaithfulness to our rel
atives and friends, must incur the displeas
ure of God, and ought to subject us to the
reproach of our consciences. The only
queslion is,whether unfaithfulness to friends,
is necessarily involved in the discharge of
duties which we owe to strangers —in other
words, whether every man on earth is not
a “ neighbour,” who has claims on U 9 to the
full amount of our ability—so that we can
not-be faithful to one portion of our neigh
bours, while we utterly neglect the demauds
of others. We humbly conceive, that as
all our success in any exertion to do good,
depends on the blessing of God, so we have
manded, and equally serving the great end
of ail benevolent exertion—the illustration
of the grace, the mercy and the justice of
God, before an ungodly world.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY.
SEVENTEENTH ANNIVERSARY.
In opening the meeting, the President, Lord
Teignuiouth, commenced hi* address as follows;
“ Gentlemen —During the sixteen years
in which I have had the honour to address
you from the Chair of this Meeting, l have
had the invariable satisfaction us being able
to congratulate you on the continued pros
perity of our institution. Our first anniver
sary, as many present may remember was
a “ day of small things but I refer to it
with the greatest pleasure, as we now
enjoy the realization of the hopes which
we then indulged, and which have never
ceased to animate os during the whole
course of our proceedings. Our vessel,
freighled with a cargo more precious than
evpr was collected from Ihe mines of the East
or the West, & impelled by gales from Hea
ven, has hitherto made a most prosperous
voyage, and has nearly circumnavigated the
globe, dispensing blessings at every port
which it has entered; while the occasional
storms which threatened to overwhelm it,
have only contributed, to accelerate its pro
gress, and prove the selidity of its texture.
Rev. William Jowett related many interesting
particulars respecting the introduction of the
Bible on the coasts of the Mediterranean, particu
larly in Abyssinia.
“ I feel in some degree happy, that it
should fail to my lot to address this Meet
ing, after the eloquent appeals which you
have just heard; because, as an invalid,
this circumstance furnishes me both an
apology and a motive for passing over my
around as quickly as possible ; but having
mcen announced as one of the Secretaries
of the Malta Bible Society, I should fail in
my duty, were I not to express our deep
debt of gratitude to this society.
Perhaps few persons have more reason
than myself to feel the, greatness of this
debt; for having assisted at the first institu
tion of our Society, when we formed a re
solution that the version of Archbishop
Martini should be the only Italian version
circulated by us, l knew at that time of
only one copy of that work -without notes in
the island, and that single copy was in my
possession. In a small company of Chris
tians who assembled at my house for the
purpose of reading the Scriptures, that
copy was used; we read it in turn, and I
have seen at my table the Syriack, the
Arabic, the Hebrew, the Greek, the Ger
man, the English, the French, and th*
manuscript Maltese Scriptures, in the hands
of the different persons assembled ; while
this single copy of Martini went round,
from hand to hand, and each read five ver
ses in his turn.
While we are bound to thank the Pihle
Society, for giving us the Italian Scriptures*
I may also state that not only was the scar
city of the Scriptures great, but the neces
sity for them also was evident from the de
sire to obtain them : and in order to show
how unacquainted with them many persons
in the Mediterranean are, I might mention
that, one evening, one of our company who
had not arrived when we began reading,
having entered the room, and it being an
nounced to him that we were reading the
Gospel of St. Luke, he knew 60 little where
to find the place, that he was looking for
it in Revelation.
“The churches of Greece, I hopeere
reviving: and while hearing the Report,
I was happy to observe one thing, (hat
though mention was made ofCalholick and
Protestant opponents, not one word was
said of Greek opponents. Yet there is
great reason for hastening to give the Scrip
tures to Greece ; since not only in England,
in France, and in Italy, may infidelity be
found, but I have seen even on the classick
soil of Greece the works of Voltaire.
“ But I must proceed to offer a few ob
servations respecting Abyssinia, and that
remarkable version of the Scriptures in the
Amharick Dialect, to which the Report
alludes. \Y ere all the circumstances of
this version detailed, they would prove
that, nlthoogh we may readily admit that
miracles have ceased, yet there is often
such a providential coincidence of unfore
seen circumstances a* evidently declares
the work to be of God. Such circumstan
ces have often occurred in the history of
the Bible Society, and the present instance
