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No. 34. Vol. 111. EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY NATHAN S. S. HUMAN <*• CO. The Terms of “The Missionary” are Three Hollars a year if paid in advance, or within sixty day* from the lime of subscribing; or Three Doi )arsland Fifty Cents at the end of the year. Mo Subscription will be received for a short er time than one year, and no papei discontinued until all arrearages are paid. AnyERTi.'KMKWTS will be inserted, by the square, at 62 I*2 cents for the first insertion ; ami for every subsequent insertion 43 3-4 cents. Those who furnish standing advertisements for the year, shall be entitled to a deduction of one quarter of the amount from the abeve rates. All Communication,, and Letters relating to the Office, will be directed to Nf. S. S. Beman & Cos. and whether enclosing money or not, must tome POST PAID: Should any neglect to do this they will be charged with the postage. Printing for Fublick Offictrs and others will be dpne on the most liberal terms. f AGENTS FOiTtHIS PAPER. AUGUSTA, J. k H. FJy. CO LUN fit A , J. By noin. Ssq.PM.Colmnbia C. 11 GREENES BOROUGH, A. H. Scott. SPARTA, Cyprian Wilcox. HARTFORD, Pulaski,G.B.Ga'rdiner Esq.PM. POtVELTON, S. Duggaf, Esq. P M. CLINTON, Janet Cos. J. W. Carrington. SA VANNAJI, S. C. &J. Schenck. EATONTON, ;C. Pendleton, Esq. P M. ALFORD'S P.O. Greene, C. Alford, Esq. PM. ABBEVILLE, (S. C.) Rev. H. Reid. HANDOVER, Abbeville, S. C Maj. U. Hill. MARION, Twiggs, S. Williams, Esq. P M. JEFFERSON, Jackson, • Rev. E. Pharr. LIBERTY HALL, Morgan, C. Allen, Esq. WATRINSVILLS, Clark, H. W. Scovell, Esq. P. M. RICEBORO', Liberty, Win. Baker, Esq. T M. G RANTS VILLE, Greene, Samuel Finley. PENDLETON, S.C. Joseph Grisham, Esq. PM. DANIELSVILLE. Madison, J.Long, Esq. PM ERVINSVILLE, Rutherford, N. C. Rev. Hush Quin. ATHENS, Clarke, B. B. Peck. LINCOLNTUN,LincoIn.Yeter Lamar,Esq. PM. SPARTANBURGH, S.C. J.Brannon,Esq. PM. MILLEDGEVILLR, Leonard Perkins. RLBF.RTON, George Inskeep, Esq. P M. DUBLIN, Laurens, W. B. Coleman, Esq. PM. LOUISVILLE,Jejf'n, Jchn Bostwick,Esq.PM. MALLOIiYSVILLE, Wilkes, Asa Gearing, Esq. P M. WAYNESBORO ’, Samuel Sturges, Esq. PM LAURENS, S. C. Archibald Young, Esq. WRIUHTSBGkO', Q. L. C. Franklin, F.sq. MONTIC LLO, Greene l>. Brantley, F.sq.P M. GARNI SVILI.E, Jlenry Freeman, Esq. P. M. SALEM, Clark, Raleigh Green, Esq. P. M. MADISON, Morgan, Bandy. DAiULN. ; Smith. Esq. P. M. FROM THE CHRISTIAN WATCHMAN. “Mr. Editor, —l have long been an attentive reader of your valuable paper; and have noticed v.-ith much pleasure, at different times, some val uable remarks on the best mode of preaching. This is an important topick ; for if our teachers do not instruct the people in a proper manner, their auditories will receive but little benefit. But it has occurred to me with some considerable force, that there are probably ill almost all our publick assemblies, certain individuals who hear with a very unsuitable temper of mind, and who, instead of attending divine instruction with a do cile spirit, appear with the devout worshippers, end externally sit as they sit, and hear as they hear, merely to gratify an idle curiosity, or for the Aiuworihy purpose of finding fault. I have re cently met with some judicious remarks on such persons, in a late periodical publication, and which you will oblige'me by inserting ; for how ever judiciously our teachers may instruct, if there be not also a candid temper in the hearers, tip good will he effected. Yours, A. B. ON HEARERS OF SERMONS. “There is a class of hearers, whom I shall denominate captious hearers, who *erm to g>> to church expressly for the purpose’ of finding- fault. They remind one of the heathen fable in which Mounts (die god of railing) found fault with Venus (the goddess of beauty) because her slip pers were too noisy. Something or other islands* in every preacher and in every s--r<nen. —The speaker is boisterous or he is dull; his voice is too loud or too low; his articulation.w 100 rapid or too slow; his action is theatrical or he stands like a statue; his coat i like a dandy’s, hi* era vats are too numerous, or his watchchain is too costly—And then as to the sermon— very commonly it is too long, and it is too declamatory, without any reasoning or ex planation in it; or it is too dry and doctrin al ; er it i '•..legal, ami tells us too much f,bont works ; or it is Jltinomian , and abuses the doctrines of grace.—Or it may be the preacher i censured because he vt* person el, or severe or whining. In a word the enpf,ions hearer never listens to a discourse, which lie does not find some fault on Which he “fixes his attemion ; and all the important truth delivered by the preacher goes for nothing. Nearly allied to this class is another, which I shall denominate by the phrase Vridcdl hearers. They are more gentle manly in their style of remarking on preachers and their performances than the firmer; but perhaps as far from the spirit becoming a miserable sinner when listening to the messages of heavenly mercy, as even the most captious.— When I speak of Chticul hearers , however, Ido not include }he hoarding school misses, Ihe raw Colie giacs, and others of that intellectual char acter, vv\io put in their pretensions t 6 cciti tyal skill,'and.decide on the merits of a ser mon and the standing of a preacher hy Walker’s rules for accent and emphasis. True ; agreat deal that is cal,led criticising, ijria severe criticising of sermons too, umonnis to no u.Kire than this: and it would not he worthy of this passing notice, were THE MISSIONARY. it not for the mournful fact, that this sort of childish vanity very often shuts up the heart against religious truth. I have in my view, however, at this time, men of some maturity of intellect, of some habits of reflection, who are too much given to exercise their critical talents while hearing discourses from the pulpit. And here lam not so unreasonable as to require men to suppress the feelings of nature, and eradi cate their principles of taste. There is certainly a vpry great difference between both the matter and the manner of different preachers. But while lam perfectly ready to admit this, I think it entirely reasonable to expect of these critical gaptlemen , a greater attention to the all important sub jects of the gospel, than to the comparative ly insignificant matters oa which they are accustomed to animadvert. They are too apt to go to church, to be entertained by the ingenious reasoning and touching elo quence of the preacher. They indeed ex pect that it shall be reasoning employed on religion, and eloquence awakened by a Saviour’s love—and this expectation per haps ministers to their delusion. They suppose that, therefore, they are actuated by right piotives. Closer se'lf-iuspection might convince them,that it is the ingenuity, the eloquence which they require, and not the religious truth developed and enforced for the sake of making them wise unto sal vation. There is too an unreasonable de mand for novelty.—Since the canon of scripture was closed, there have been no new discoveries in religion. In fact, a new discovery would be, as far as it should go, anew revelation. AH that can reason bly be expected then, are new illustrations of old truths, and a more perfect applica tion of them to the business and bosoms of men. And here 1 will venture the asser tion that the man does not live who has ful ly npplied to his own conscience, and tho roughly appreciated the most familiar doc trine learned from the Bible. The mo*t humble penitent in the world, for instance, has not, as entirely as is desirable, entered into the simple confession, I am a sinner. The full power of Christian faith or Chris tian hope is not known by the most advanc ed scholar in the school of Christ. It is by frequent application of known truths of this character to the heart end conscience, that progress is made in the Christian life. The plain simple doctrines of the gospel are the bread and meat (the standing dish so to speak) ot tbe Christian, by which he is nourished up unto life everlasting. The hearer with ‘ itching ears who continually demands novelties, is like (he man whose stomach is out of order, and who is sending every where for mode dishes and foreign nicknacks. These thing* may stimulate the jaded palate, and afford pleasure to the valetudinarian; but they do not prepare him for the laborious exertions of an active life. So generally, in regard to religious novelties, they do not promote the health and vigour of’ the soul.—Let experience decide this question.—What is it that really promotes the spiritual advantage of any one who is brought to‘true repentance and saving faith?’ Ido venture to'affinn uni versally that it is not new speculations, dressed up according to th< niceties of a critical taste, but the old, and well known truths of the gospel, accompanied by the influences of the Holy Spirit. Far be it from me, by these remarks to encourage any preached, in entering Ihe pulpit to repeat without preparation his old hackneyed storv.—No: (he teacher of religion ought to he a man of diligent study and deep research. But let him not think of making new discoveries. His principal business is so to apply to his own heart and conscience, the old and well known truths of the gospel, that they shall more him as with the power of anew impression, and prompt him to speak as with the freshness of newly awakened feelings. Every new application of this sort will bring the rule of faith and duty into contact with the con science in some new place, and will give a quickening to the preacher’s feeling which probably will be communicated to some at least who sit under his ministry. Injlhe mean time, let the critical hearer beware of indulging his passion for novelty, or urging his demand for entertainment. He*may-rely on it, that should he ever be made partaker of the great salvation , it will be by complying with the old demand of * repentance towards God and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.’ The hearer, who is more moved by, the cadence of a sentence, than by the awful denunciations of eternal justice ; or hy some ingenious speculation on the probability that Christianity, in the boundless range of its influences affects the interests of superhuman orders of being, than by the truth that * God so loved this world as to gitfe his only begotten Son,’ is iu a fearful condition indeed. In every evangelical Sermon, however much the preacher may offend good taste, and violate critical proprieties, there is propounded enough fully to occupy the profound est understanding. Aud I remember to .have read somewhere of a great man, I think Chief Jhstire Ellsworth, who was ac customed t* say that he never heard a preacher, however illiterate, from whom he did not learn something useful in a life of religion. GO YE IXTO JILL THE WORLD AMD PREACH THE GOSPEL TO EVERY Christ. MOUNT ZION, (HANCOCK CO. GA.) MONDAY, JANUARY 28, 1822. MRS. FRY— The “ Female Howard.” The following interesting sketch of a oiorning visit to the Newgate prison in England, in July la6t, is extracted from tl.e London New Monthly Magazine. It intrbduces to notice a benevolent female Philanthropist, who is successfully exert ing in that prison, her uncommon talents of doing good, by means the most gentle and kind. We hope her happy temper and most amiable exam ple may be carefully imitated in our own country, anfl that the superionr question with all who have the direction and guidance of others will be, “ How may we prevent crime ?” ra*ther than “ How shall it be most severely punished ?” July 27.—A morning in Newgate. I had long been anxious to see with my own eyes the effect of Mrs. exer tions,and having obtained from her an order of admittance, I repaired at ten o’clock to the door of the keeper’s house, where, up on the production of my ticket, I was in stantly conducted to a small room in which some other visiters were already assem bled ; and in a short time, Mrs. Fry enter ed, attended by two of her Quaker sister hood. Soon afterwards a hell was rung to give notice to the female prisoners to pre pare themselves; and upon the second ring ing they came in, to the number of 40 or 50, and ranged themselves upon benches raised one above the other for their recep tion. Their appearance was much better than I could have expected. All were cleanly and decently dressed, and there was in some a neatness of person that be spoke a familiarity .with belter company and better days. After a considerable pause, Mrs. Fry began to rt ad from the Bible the story of Mary Magdalen, accompanying the text, with occasional explanation# and re marks, and concluding the whole with a very affecting address, in which she point ed out the obvious application of the story, and the consolation to be extracted from it. All Ibis was done too in so gentle and en couraging a tone, and with so much tem per and discretion, that it was impossible not to be moved by the quiet pathos of her discourse. I was never before so much im pressed with the importance of manner ; for it was certainly much less what she said, than her mode of saying it, that pro duced so great an effect ; it was a beautiful personification of the text in scripture— “ the wisdom that cometh from above is gent/e.” Her auditors listened to her with a’! the signs of the most serious, earnest at tention, and many were melted into tears by the touching tenderness of her appeal, in pointing out the penitence and contrition of the Magdalen as the true object of imita tion. At the close of the lecture, various arti cles of needle work, the productions of the prisoners’ industry, caps, dressing-gowns, baby lioen, rugs, counterpanes, bell-ropes, &c. were brought out, which found ready purchasers among the visiters. For myself, i shall wear my patch-gown as long as the shreds will hang together, in remembrance of my morning in Newgate. Mrs. Fry now conducted us round the female side of the prison, explaining the nature of her regu lations, and recounting the obstacles against which, in the first commencement of her labours, she had to contend, in all the differ ent shapes and modifications th’at idleness, riot, vice and wretchedness, can assume.— It seems, however, that there is scarcely aDy disposition so depraved, that may not he touched hy kindness. The patient and persevering efforts of Mrs Fry have suc ceeded in softening and reclaiming the most hardened, whom severity would prob ably have rendered only more callous and desperate. There is a shame of appearing ungrateful, which operates strongly even in the most vicious breast. Mrs. Fry told us, that when, as it sometimes will happen, a prisoner after discharge, finds her way hack into gaol for some “Fresh offence, the delinquent is more afraid of meeting her kindness, than of facing the reproof of the Bench.— “ There is more peril, Lady, in thy eye, Than twenty of their swords.” The heart, even of the guilty rises up to resist and defy reproach, but sinks with all the humiliation of self condemnation at the accents of kindness which it feels that it does not deserve. In the course of our round we came to the school, where there was a little circle of gaol-delivered children learning to read. I was pleased at the alacrity of attention, which in the midst of her own occupation Mrs. Fry bestowed upon the least of those around her. Avery little boy wag em ployed in reading his Testament, at which she appeared surprised ; but fiuding that he had really made this progress, she cal led him out in the most encouraging man ner, and begged us all to stop and hear him read a verse aloud as a rewerd of his in dustry. It is not every woman who would be content to yield, even for a moment,the first place in the attention of her company. Lastly, we came to a ward wlj.re there were a few ragged, wretched creatures, who were just admitted into the gaol; and we wepe forcibly struck, not only with the difference of dress, but with the marked contrast between the wild, savage, and rep robate cast of features of these, when com pared with the quiet, orderly, Resigned demeanour of Mrs. Fry’s flock, jAnd yet I hear that this amiable womanls ! iboups are decried and ridiculed, as the vn p and vis iooary offspring of a perverted philanthro py. if there he such persons in the world, let them devote a morning to Newgate ; and if those who came to scoff do not re main to approve—Charity must have lost all her powers of attraction. INQUISITION AT LISBON. • EXTRACT OF A LETTER. Lisbon, Oct. 20,1821. I send you a description of the Inquisition at this place, which 1 have been to visit. At the sittingsof the Cortes on the 10th inst. Senhor Figueras presented a letter from the Keeper of the Inquisition, stating, that on the building being opened for publick inspection, the people had behaved in a vgry disorderly manner, breaking open doors and carrying away papers, &c ; and that several persons had actually cried out that the building should be burned, whilst they held lighted candles iu their hands, as if about to put their threats iu execution ; which he slated they would have done but for the interposition of the guards. The Keeper therefore prayed that measures should bte taken to prevent the recurrence of such scenes. Senhor Bastas said, that if any sucK disorders as had beeu described had occurred, it was owing to the refusal of the Keepers to show the instruments of torture and the lower cells of the prison to the visitants. In his opinion these Gentle men, the keepers, cherished a religious res pect for the tribunal, of which they spoke with apparent veneration. As it was ap prehended tbe people would set fire to the place, it would be better to suspend lamps to the various parts, and not allow the vis-” itants to carry lights. Senhor Fernando Thomas proposed that an inscription, o! which the following is a translation, should be fixed on every place occupied by the Inquisition in Portugal : “ May eternal malediction follow every Portuguese who does not hold forever in ab horrence an invention so infernal ” • On the Blh of October, the inquisition at Lisbon was thrown open for publick inspec tion, and for the first four days the con course of people of all descriptions that crowded to view it was so great, that the pressure ;vt the entrance rendered it an en terprise of some risk. The building is a large oblong, with a garden in the centre ; there are three floors, with vaulted passa ges, along the sides of which are .cells of different sizes, from six hy seven feet, to eight by nine feet. Each cell has two doors, the inner one of iron, the outer of oak,very strong. A* there are no windows iri the cells on the ground and middle floors, no light i9 admitted when the doors are shut. The cellson the upper floor are larger than the others, and each has an aperture like a chimney through which the sky is visi ble. These were appropriated to the use of those who, it was supposed, might be liber-ited In the roof of each cell (for they are all vaulted) is a small aperture of about an inch in diameter, and a private passage runs over each range, so that the persons employed by the Holy Office pould at any time observe the conduct of the prisoners unse'en, and if two persons were confined in one cell, hear their conversa tion. There are seats in these private pas sages so contrived, that a person sitting might in-pect two of the cells at the same time, ashy a turn of the head he could fix bis eye upon a hole over either cell nt pleasure.—or he could hear what was said in either. The persons appointed to listen to Ihe discourse of the prisoners wore cloth shoes; so that their footsteps could not be heard. Frequently a familiar of the Holy Office was put into the cell of the prisoner, as a person arrested, in order to entrap the unfortunate inmate of this place into admis sions that might afterward* be used against him. I saw in several of the cell* human bones—most of them appeared to have Inin (here many years, as I broke some of them easily with my fingers—others were hard and fresh. In a noml.er of the cells the names of the unhappy inmates were written bn the walls—some had strokes, apparently marking the number of days or weeks the victims of this horrid tyranny had been con fined. On the wall of one cell I counted upwards of 500 of these marks. On the wall of another of the cells was written— “ Francisco Jose Carvallio entered here the last day of March, 1809, and remained as ,many days as there are strokes in the wall.” On the wall of another cell was written “ John Laycock”—the name had been cov ered with white-wash, which had scaled off. There were u number of strokes under the name, and the figures 18 were easily made out, and the others were obliterated. Some of the cells, which had not been used for several years were locked up, but the Vis itants soon broke them open. Human bod ies Were found in many of these- In one was found part of a friar’s habit, with a waist girdle of rope*, and some bones. The apertures, like cbimnics, in some of the cells, were closed—and I have been in formed, that it was Htumoion mode of put ting prisoners to death to place them m> these apertures, which were then walled up, and quick lime being poured in from the top, a speedy end was put to their suf ferings. The furniture is very old—the chairs in the hall are coy.ered with ieaUiep, Price, $ 50 P r - ttnn - or > t *’ t $3,00 m advance. > studded all round tyith very large nails. I send you a piece of leather with oue of these nails, taken from one of the best chairs. The large tables in the halls had drawers for papers—these the visitant# broke open, every one being desirous of obtaining some re|ick of the once terrible Inquisition. In several of tbe cells there were matrasses, some of them old, others nearly new; which proves that the Inqui sition was no bugbear up to a very recent date. Besides the three floors which I have described, there are a number of cells un derground which have not yet been open ed. These, it is supposed, contain the ap paratus for inflicting the torture, &c. Ris understood that these will be shortly thrown open to the publick ; when I shall not fail to visit them, and shall send you a descrip tion. The spot on which the Inquisition stands was covered with bouses in 1755, when the great earthquake happened, by which they were laid in ruibs ; so that the present building has not beeD erected more than 60 years ; and alt the victims that were immolated in it must have been sac rificed within that period. —-w020.--x-:oro- LETTER FROM A CHEROKEE INDIAN. The following letter is from David Brown, a Cher okee Indian, and a Member of the Foreign Mis sion School in Cornwall, Con. to one of the Theological Students at Princeton, written du ring the last year. Dear Brother The good letter which you wrote me, of the 2d inst. I received -.vith much satisfaction ; but am sorry that it did not animate this insensible heart of mine more; for the contents thereof I think are worthy of love, and I now desjre to give you thanks for the regard which yon have manifested to me. And what shall 1 say to you, dear brother, in the presence of the Lord Jesu* Christ, who keep* n>. cord, in the book of remembrance, of all the works of the children of men? God forbid that I should relate to you things that a e unknown to me. We never saw en. h other to speak of Jesus Christ; yet we pr: y to him, and we are united, I hope, in (ns divine presence, and rejoice in him with joy unspeakable and full of glory.—Wc are ■hen not stranger* to one another if we have truly beGotne the chilJren of the liv ing God, wasted in the most precious blood of Jesus Christ. No ! dearbrother, for we are io Christ Jesus, and daily meet at the throne nf sovereign Grace, lo adore the A'v mighty for all his loving kindness towards us, and plead for others of the race of sin ful Adam, who are exposed every moment lo sink into tbe deepest hell, and many we have reason to believe are now wailing in torment who are as good as other* by na ture ; those especially who knew their mas ter’s will, hut obeyed not. Gfleat light was perceived in their land,-but still re belled against it. Imean’Uiose souls who are in this gospel land, and standing, as it were, at the gates of heaven, -in point of privilege ami knowledge ; yet they refuse the invitation given them by the ambassa dors of Christ. Oh! I weep to think of the rioor heath en, who have not heard of the joyful sound of the Gospel, and have never felt the love of God in their hearts, neither have they heard of the dreadful and awful consequences which shall meet the unre newed sinners. lam ready sometimes to cry out, “ Oh ! that my head we re, waters arid mine eyes were fountains of tear-, that I might w?ep day and night for the slain of the daughter of my people.” Ob ! deaf brother, pray for them, which no doubt do every day,and I entreat you to salute the hand of brothers who are preach the unsearchable riches of Christ to a perishing world, and are going to fight as soldiers for their king. It fills me with delight, dear brother, that you think of go. ing to the Cherr kees, ami may the love of precious souls hasten your strp to that dark region of our land. Oh I how many souls are perishing for the want ot preach ers. Gladly would I preach with a thou sand tongues, all my days, did I possess them, and was capable enough.—However, I have but one, with that alone, may God go with mo nndpubli“h and diffuse the" news of salvation to the Cherokee and Osage nations, and others. But I have known by experience that Satan is also a preacher, and 1 believe pre vails on many not truly devoted to God. The more I grow in divine things, the more Satan tempts me, and often 1 have thought that if 1 had nothing to do for my Saviour I would rather he delivered from this body of sin and death, and be at rest with him. I have received letters froiq the Chero kee natiou recently, which state, that my'i parents, two sisters, beside ’ Catharine) Brown, my brother Joho and wife, have become the subjects of divine grace, and others of my countrymen. But 1 hope this is only a small beginning before a great harvest. 1 anticipate the day when mis sionaries shall be sent from the Cherokee* to their brethren in the west. Now, dea? brother, what shall I tell you to encourage you to preach to the heathen. I have no words perhaps that would be suitable, tboyefore I commend you to God, and to .be wojfd of his grace, that he would breathe upao bis dims .“pirit,and amko