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Ij contradictory to thu'isghts of Georgia, I
and the obligation* of the United States;
stipulations, however, which shew that the
general government have the acknowledg
ed right to transfer the possession ot the
Cherokee lands to the state of Georgia.
The power which lake* from the Cherokee
tribe a portion of soil to confer it on a Cher
okee chief, under a different tenure, can
rightfully take from the Cherokee nation
for the benefit of a state.
It is with deep concern that the necessity
w felt of pressing upon the general govern
ment the considerations that are due to its
character for good faith in its contracts with
a member of the Union. Since the year
1802, implicit Teliance has been placed in
the general government; aoJ the just ex
pectation has been indulged that, in the ex
ecution of its high duties, the Executive ad
ministration would carefully and steadily
pursue the object for which the faith of the
Union was pledged—the peaceable extin
guishmentl, on reasonable terms , of the Indian
title to all the lands within the territorial
limits of Georgia. In 1817, the publick
declaration of the President to Congress,
that an arrangement had been made, by
which, in exchange for lands beyond the
Mississippi, a great part, if not the whole,
of the lands possessed by the Cherokee
tribe eastward of that river in the states of
North Carolina, Tennessee, and Georgia,
and in the territory of Alabama, would be
soon acquired, gave a just expectation that
the national pledge given to Georgia would
be redeemed. In the eight years which
have succeeded, these anticipations of the
President have been realized every where
hot-in Georgia. The successive purchases
made, since that period, have crowded the
Cherokess out of Tennessee, North Caro
lina, and Alabama, almost altogether into
Georgia: and the terms upon which they
have been made, have created all the difli
culties now encountered in the peaceful ac
quisition , oo reasonable trrr.tJ, cf thf hnth
upon which the Cherokess are now permit
ted to remain: difficulties which are every
hour increasing, from the policy pursued by
the general government.
It is with all due respect a subject of se
rioas inquiry, what produced the extraor
dinary change in the wishes of the Chero
kee tribe, as expressed in the treaty of
1817? How it happened that the Cherokees
of the vpper towns, most of whom were
without the limits of Georgia, aod who de
sired to be permanently fixed on the lands
upon which they then lived, were induced,
m 1819, to abandon their designs, and ma
ny of them to become inhabitants of the re
gmn beyond Ihe Mississippi* while the
Cherofeees of the lower town? (most of
them xcithin the State of Georgia.) anxious
Iv desiring to remove in 1817, were, in
1-819, tempted to remain, and filled wit h the
desire of a permanent establishment there?
The ame exertions which produced this,
can effect another change; can induce the
remnant still in the limits of Georgia, to.
follow their brethren to the West, to a ter- j
ritory which ts-e general government can j
rightfoU^besto^onoiMhema^Mempora^.
oj:on I be
sovereignty of any state. Argument is not
necessary to show, that a power which in
terposes obstacles to the accomplishment of
its own promises violates its faith; and that,
to plead the impossibility to perform ah en
gagement, when that impossibility is pro
duced by those who engaged to perform if,
would be equally dishonourable and hypo
critical. The President is probably not
aware that the United States will be liable
to such accusations, if the present moment
is suffered to pa=s without a full compliance
on their part, with the obligations of the
treaty of cession of 1802. What has creat
ed the strong desire of the Cherokee Indi
ans to remain where they are? The policy
of the general government; the pretended
guarantees of their possessions; the at
tempted changes in the nature of their ti
tles to them; the lessoos received from
their masters in the arts of cirilized life;
the acquisition of properly and the desire
of extending and securing it; a policy just
and generous to the Indians, but solely at
the expense of a member of the Unioo; at
war, not less with the rights of that mem
ber of the Union, than with the solemn
promises of the general government. The
United States have the same right to colo
nize a tribe of Indians from the Columbia
or Red River, in Georgia, as they have to
pursue a system of policy whose aim or end
shall be the permanency of the Cberokees
within that state.
If the Cherokees are unwilling to re
move, the causes of that unwillingness are
to be traced to the United States. If a
peaceable purchase canaot be made in the
ordinary mode, nothing remains to be done
but to order their removal to a designated
territory beyond the limits of Georgia, and
giving an ample equivalent for the territo
ry left by them, and an ample support to
the territory granted to them. An order
of this kind will not be disregarded by the
Cherokee tribe, whose interest will he es
senlialiy promoted by a compliance with it,
(whatever may be the effect of it upon a few
chief men , who seem to consider their oven
interest as separate and distinct from that of
their brethren,) as it must be obvious that
a tranquil and undisturbed possession of a
permanent property can alone enable them
to acquire the arts of civilized life, and to
eecuie to them its benefits.
Our duty is performed bv remonstrating
against the policy heretofore pursued, by
which the interests of Georgia have beeo
disregarded, to the accomplishment of oth
er objects of general interest; and a com
pliance with a solemn promise postponed,
for the acquisition of territory for the gen
eral government; and by insisting, as we do,
roost earnestly , upon an immediate fulfil
ment of the obligations of the articles of
cession, concluded in 1802, as the only
means by which justice can be done to the
*• ‘ j- -
I state we represent, and the character of
the general government be vindicated.
J. ELLIOTT, * ~
N. WARE, \ SeDator9 -
JOEL ABBOT,
GEO. CARY,
TH. YV. COBB, Represen-
W CUTHBERT, latives.
JOHN FORSYTH,
W. THOMPSON, J
Washington , 10th March , 1824.
~RELIGIOUS.
Extract of a Sermon on the Moral Dignity of
the Missionary /enterprise, from Mat. xiii. 38
—The Field is the world —By Rev. Francis
Wayland, of Boston, Mass.
“It will, we think be found, upon exam
ination, that to that enterprize alone has
been awarded the meed of sublimity, of
which the conception was vast, the execu
tion arduous, and the means to be employ
ed simple but efficient. Were not the ob
ject vast, it could not arrest our attention.
Were not its accomplishment arduous, none
of the nobler energies of man being tasked
in its execution, we should see nothing to
admire. Were not the means to that ac
complishment simple,our whole conception
being vague, the impression would be fee
ble. Were they not efficient, the intensest
exertion could only terminate in failure &
disgrace. j
“ And here we may remark, that wher-j
ever these elements have combined in any
undertaking, publick sentiment has general
ly united in pronouncing it sublime, and
history has recorded its achievement among
the noblest proofs of the dignity of man.
Malice may for a while have frowned, and
interest opposed; men who could neither
grasp what was vast, nor feel what was mo
rally great, may have ridiculed. But all
this has soon passed away. Human nature
is not to be changed by the opposition of
interest or the laugh of folly. There is
still enough of dignity in man to respect what
is great, and to venerate what is benevo
lent. The cause of man has at last gained j
the suffrages of man. It has advanced
steadily onward, and left ridicule to wonder ,
at the impotence of its shaft, and malice
to weep over the inefficacy of its hate.
“his with pain we are obliged to be-j
lieve, that there is a large and most respec j
table portion of our fellow-citizens, for ma-;
ny of whom we entertain every sentiment
of personal esteem, and to whose opinions
on most other subjects we bow with un-;
feigned deference, who look with perfect
apathy upon the present system of exer- j
lions for. evansrelizing the heaihen, and we
have beeD greatly misinformed, if there be
not another, though a very different class,
who consider these exertions a subject for
ridicule. Perhaps it may tend somewhat
to arouse (he apathy of the one party as well
ns to moderate the contempt of the other,
if we can shew that this very missionary
cause combines within itself the elements
of all that is sublime in human purpose,
nay, combines them in a loftier perfection
tbau any other enterprise, which was ever
this will be our design ; and in prosecuting
it, we shall direct your attention to the
grandeur of the objects; the arduousness
of its execution; aod the nature of the
means on which we rely for success.
“Ist, The grandeur of the object. In
the most enlightened sense of the terms,
The field is the World. o.:r design is radi
cally to affect the temporal and eternal in
terests of the whole race of man. We
have surveyed this field statistically , and
find, that of the eight hundred millions who
inhabit our globe, but two hundred millions
have any knowledge of the religion of Jesus
Christ. Os these we are willing to allow
that but ODe half are his real disciples, and
that therefore there are seven of the
eight hundred millions to whom the gospel
must be sent.
“ We have surveyed this field geographi
cally. We have looked upon our own con
tinent, and have seen that, with the excep
lion of a narrow strip of thinly settled coun
try, from the gulf of St. Lawrence to the
mouth of the Mississippi, the whole of this
new world lieth in wickedness.
“We have looked over Europe, and be
hold there one nation putting forth her en
ergies in the cause of evangelizing the
world. We have looked for another such
nation ; but it is not to be found.
“ We have looked over Africa, and have
seen that upon one little portion, reclaimed
from brutal idolatry by missionaries, the
Sun of Righteousness has shined. It is a
land of Goshen, where they have light in
their dwellings. Upon all the remainder
of this vast continent, there broods a moral
darkness, impervious as that which ooce
veiled her own Egypt, on that prolonged
and fearful night when no man knew his
brother.
“We have looked upon Asia, and have
seen its northern nations, though under
the government of a Christian Prince,
scarcely nominally Christian. On the
West, it is spell bound by Mahomedan de
lusion. To the South, from the Persian
gulf to the sea of Kamschatka, including al
so its numberless islands, except where
here and there, a Syrian church, or a miss
ionary station twinkle amidst the gloom; the
whole of this immense portion of the hu
man race is sitting in the region and shad
ow of death.
“We have also made an estimate of the
miseries of this world. We have seen how
in many places the human mind shackled
by ignorance and enfeebled by vice, has
dwindled almost to the standard of a brute.
Our indignation has kindled at hearing of
men immortal as ourselves, bowing down
and worshipping a wanderiqg beggar, or
paying adorations to reptiles and to
stones.
“We have considered these beings as
immortal, and candidates for an eternity of
happiness or misery. And we cannot avoid
the belief that they are
misery. Here you will
tion with us is not, whether a heathen, on
learned io the gospel, can be saved. We
are willing to admit that he may. But if
he be saved, he must possess holiness or
heart; for without holiness no mao shall
see the Lord And where shall we find
holy heathen ? Where is there the vestige
of purity of heart among uoevangelized
nations? It is in vain to talk about the in
nocence of these children of nature. It is
in vain to tell u of their graceful mytholo
gy. Their gods are such as lust makes
welcome. Os their very religious servi
ces, it is a shame even to speak. To settle
the question concerning their future desti- ■
ny, it would only seem necessary to ask,j
YVhat would be the character of that future j
state, in which those principles of heart;
which the whole history ol the heathen
world develops, were suffered to operate in
their unrestrained malignity ? •
Letter to the Editor of the Boston Recorder,
dated Sandy HiU,JV- F. March 19,1824.
The Lord has truly visited U 9 with his
Spirit, and in our midst has performed a
great work. Within the bounds of the
United Presbyterian Churches of Kingsbury
and Queensbury, in the short space ot about
two months, (since the middle of January
: last,) upwards of one hundred persons have
j been made the hopeful subjects of the work
’ of Grace, who are now rejoicing in the Re
deemer of souls. For years past, and in
deed l may say, in one of the villages, it I
am correctly informed, there never was be
fore a work of this kind; and the village of
which I bow speak, (Glens-Falls,) has for
several years past, been a place noted for
vice and immorality, so that it is perfectly
astonishing (o witness the change. But a
short time since the house of worship was
scarcely visited by the inhabitants; now it
is filled!
Last Sabbslh the Lord’s Supper was ad
ministered. It was indeed a solerr. and in
teresting day—a day which I think many
will remember in the courts of Heaven.
I Seventy two persons came forward and
professed their faith in Christ, and in this
publick manner declared themselves to be
I for him. It was certainly the most inter
esting and solemn day ever witnessed in
| these churches. YVhat, I ask, could be
1 more encouraging to the Christian, than to
see the professed Infidel, the Deist, the
Universalis!, the man of immoral habits,
j forsaking their false principles and wicked
ness and embracing the religion of the Lord
; Jesus Christ; and also to hear the moralist
declare that, except a man be born again he
canhot enter the kingdom of God:—Such is j
the sight we witness among our neighbours
in this place.
Thus has the Lord appeared unto us for
good, and for the joy of many souls; and
not unto us only, for he is pouring out bis
Spirit all around us. In an adjoining town,
(Moreau) he has wonderfully blessed his
people during the last winter. There
have been added to the Presbyterian church
in that tdace about one hundred. In the
an,-gmrrmvnTTTT jarHTflgW-
Springs the gracious work has begun; and
may the God of Zion carry it on until it shall
have spread throughout the whole world
and every soul become its happy subject.
Yours with respect, J. W.
There is, at this time, an unusual atten
tion to the subject of religion in Bethel con
gregation, Augusta County, Virginia, under
the care of Mr. T. M’Farland. Fifty nine
persons have been received into church
communion since last June, and there is a’
growing seriousness generally through the
congregation. This is the result of Bible
classess, lectures, and faithful pastoral vis-1
its, as well as of pulpit labours.— Fam. Vis. ‘■
MISCELLANY.
From the London Missionary Register.
Expectation among the Heathen of an ap
proaching Change.
The fact stated by Mr Knight in the fol
lowing extract deserves attention. His re
marks upon it are in the true spirit of a
Missionary.
“An old Brahmin, with whom 1 have of
ten conversed.confesged to me that a change
of religion is to be looked for; implying
(bat it is foretold in their books. 1 told him
that the religion which will prevail is the
Christian; he said be thought so too.
This change, it was foretold, should take
place in the year 5000 of the Cali Yug, or
present age of the world. He did not ex
pect that it would be sudden; but that it
Blight be considered as now begun, and
would gradually increase till it was fully ac
complished. Formerly when speaking of
this change, he has said that it was describ
ed in their books as a curse, which was to
come on the people for their impiety. The 1
present is the 4923d year of the Cali Yug;
so that, according to their calculation, there
are only 77 years before the expected
change is to be effected.
Whether they derived their notions,origi
nally from the Volume of Inspiration or not,
it is difficult to say; but it is certainly an
encouraging circumstance, in connexion
with what we know from the Word of God, I
and what may be gathered from the signs of
the times: and if Heathens are beginning to
regard these signs, and to draw inferences
from them, amidst all their darkness and ig
norance, how much should Christians be
excited from them, and from the encour
agements of the Word of God, to labour and
pray for the speedy accomplishment of this
glorious change ! The Heathen expect it is :
a curse; but Christians know that it will i
prove an unspeakable blessing.
There is another encouraging view to i
be taken of this subject. When some of j i
these learned Brahmins shall have been en-’ I
lightened by Divine Truth, they will be ‘ i
rCbrivlihonelifwltK TTiey WHI
That their bonks which represented this,
change as a curse have misled the®: °r, I
as the Gospel extends itself, and its sacred j
and genial influence is seen nnd felt in the
life and conduct, and especially, when it*
advantages in a temporal point of view
gin to he enjoyed, they will see that it will
be a blessing to their nation instead ol a
curse.”
Dr. Carey writes that India is not the
same country, in a moral sense, that it was
when he first landed there 30 years ago.
Then, all was infidelity among Europeans,
! and all superstition among the natives:
Now, a great number of the Europeans fear
and worship God, and the superstitions ot
the natives are gradually giving way.
[Southern Intelligencer.
Free Masonry.— lt was mentioned in Mr.
YVolff’s journal, that there are many free
masons atnoDg the Turks in Persia, Damas
cus, and in the mountains of Lebanon. It is
also stated in the same journal that Mussul
mans in the several parts ot Turkey, marry
Christian women. The information in both
cases was given by the Turks. [lb.
JUGGERNAUT.
From a paper laid before the Asiatick So
ciety at Calcutta, in March 1823, it appears
that the dreadful fanaticism which formerly
prompted Hindoos to sacrifice themselves
under the wheels of Juggernaut, has ceased.
For three years previous, three cases only
of self-immolation occurred, one of which
vyas doubtful and might have been acciden
tal, and the other two had been long suffer
ing from excruciating complaints, and chose
that method ol ridding themselves of the
burden of life, in preference to other modes
of suicide prevalent among the lower or
ders. The self immolation of widows is
said to be less frequent in the vicinity of
Juggernaut than might have been expect
ed, the average not exceeding ten per ypar.
In 1815, the widow of Gorynauth, a deceas
ed Jogee, refused to comply with this bar
barous custom of her tribe. She was mov
ed with compassion for her child, a girl of
ten years of age, who, at the instant ol the
final parting from her parent, when the
mother was on the eve of submitting to be
buried alive with her deceased husband, ut
tered such bitter lamentations as to shake
the resolution of her mother, and lead her
to spare herself for the sake of her child.
In various instances of intended self-immo
lation, the voice of nature has thus prevail
ed over the infatuation or delusion of this
j wicked system. [lb.
FOREIGN AND DOMESTICK MIS
SIONS.
It has been not (infrequently urged as an
objection to Missionary Societies existing in
our country, that they do not sufficiently
regard the Aborigines of the South and
West, but almost exclusively direct their
; attention to Joreiea r.oimJri-- Wittuun
■ snewing Thai if is our undoubted duty to do
: good unto all men. we shall content our
selves with shewing that the objection itself
proceeds from an imperfect knowledge of
missionary operations. From the 13th Re
port of the American Board of Commission
ers of Foreign Missions, it appears that the
following had been the expenditures of the
Society within the year. For
Bombay and neighbouring sta
! lions $6,380 95
Ceylon (an island in the Indian
! *a) 9,883 96
The Palestine Mission 2,090 20
The Mission among the Cher
i okees 8.967 33
The Mission among the Choc
law* 11,940 86
The Mission among the Cher
okees of the Arkansaw 7,016 26
The Mission at the Sandwich
Islands 1,071 00
Foreign Mission School at Corn
wall 2,63.5 09
Cash transmitted to Marietta
for the Choctaw and Arkan
saw Mission 1.042 65
$51,031 30
It will be perceived that tbe sums expend
ed in support of missions on this continent
were for that year at least far greater than
that devoted to all the other missions of the
Board. He who wishes well to the abori
gines, and would do them good, cao find no
better method of promoting their interests
than by contributing freely to the funds of
the American Board. [JV. H. Rcl. Int.
We learn from the reports of the Con
tinental Society of Europe, that the moral
aspect of maDy parts of the continent is be
ginning to brighten, and the prospects of
| evangelical truth are daily becoming more
encouraging. The society keeps a num
ber of evangelical men continually employ
ed, in circulating Bibles and religious
Tracts. These are received with eager
ness, and the good seed is beginning to
bring forth fruit. The cry for evangelical
preaching in many parts of Germany, Rus
sia, France, and Switzerland, is loud and
pressing. The Lord is raising up many la
borious, successful and evangelical heralds
of the cross, both in the Protestant and
Catholick churches. Still the labourers are
comparatively few. The harvest ripens
before them. Two of the most distinguish
ed, Mr. G and Mr. L , are patroniz
ed by the Emperour Alexander and Prince
Galitzin. These men are followed by mul
titudes. They often preach to from Ia to
20,000 persons in the open air. Prince
Galitzin has built a church in St. Peters
burg, that will contain 10,000 persons which
is to be consecrated to evangelical preach-,
ing% A few preachers of this character
have entered Spain, and are there doing
immense good. [Fam. PS*. I
VjPl JERUSALEM.
Wolff, a converted Israelite, stale* I
ItM lhere is now at Jerusalem a spirit 0 f 1
inquiry among the Jews, which never exist- I
ed before. This is acknowledged by th f
Rabbies themselves, one of whom hag trans- ;
lated into the Arabick one of the Hebrew $
tracts published by the Loudon society, t 0 ”
distribute among Christians, that they mj,y
he excited to send more missionaries to J e .
rusalem to converse with the Jews about
the great lopicks of Christianity.
Messrs. Bird and Goodell, American mig.
sionaries, were to have left Malta for Syr
ia, in October last, to join their brethren
King and Fisk, at Jerusalem. This acces
sion of strength at the holy city will be pe
culiarly favourable—for even there the field
begins to-whiten for the harvest. The
time may yet come when Jerusalem will
again send forth her missionaries to preach
the Gospel to the destitute.
GRACE ABOUNDING.
“ A pious and worthy Episcopalian Cler- 1
tryman, who now fills the office of Bishop I
for twodiocesses in this country, (America |
was, in early life a youth of dissipated a/ff|
immoral character. Having an estate,aid I
living in luxury and idleness, he gave way “
to a levity of disposition which prompted |
him to ridicule sacred things. Dining one
evening wilh a party ol gentlemen, they
sat late drinking wine and smoking segars,
and with a view of promoting merrimeot,
he sent for one of his slaves, who was a pi
ous preacher among the Methodists, ar,d
ordered him to preach a sermon for the
company. The good man hesitated to
obey; hot after a lime of silence on his
part, he began to address th*m. But in
stead of the mirth which they anticipated
from the ignorance and simplicity of the
poor man, the piety, zeal and fervour of
discourse produced a contrary effect. !r.
stead of raising the loud and vacant laugh,
instead of promotfog their impious revelry,
the solemnity of the truths which he de
livered, sank deeply into the hearts of some
of the company, and, through the divine
blessing, carried conviction to the mind of
bis master, who, from that time, became of
a serious character, took upon him the cler
ical office from an apprehension of duty, j
and continues an ornament to bis proses- ‘
sion.”
Indian Affection.— Dr. Relclier, a mi?- i
sionary among the Osages, in a letter dated
December 10th, 1823, relates the following
anecdote of an Osage chief:—“The R:g
Soldipr nfit long since died of grit! for tho
loss of his wife, refusing to be comforted,
or even to leave her grave, or take food,
until the powers of life had so failed that he
could not survive. He said that he knew
his wife would have cried herself to death
for him, and he would do so foi her.
[TV. Y. Observer.
ORIGIN OF ENGLISH NEWSPAPERS.
In Miss Lucy Atkiu’s Memoirs of the
Court of Queen Elizabeth, vol. ii. p. 234,
speaking oi the Spanish Armada, in 1588,
rtir sap, ~Tne imnir'e interest in pnhiick
events excited in every class by the threat
ened invasion of Spain, gave rise to the in
troduction of one of the most important in
ventions of social life ; that of Newspapers.
Previously to this period, all articles of in
telligence had been circulated in manu
script; and all politico! remarks, which tbe
government had found itself interested in
addressing to the people, had issued from
the press in the shape of pamphlets; of
which many had been composed during the
administration of Burleigh, either by him
self, or immediately under his direction.
But the peculiar convenience at such a
juncture, of uniting these two objects in a
periodical publication, having suggested it
self to the ministry, therp appeared, some
time in the month of April, 1588. the first
number of The English Mercury,- a paper
resembling the present London Gazette;
Since No. 50, the earliest specimen of the
work now extant, is dated Julj 23, of the
same year. This interesting relick is pre
served in the British Museum.
CURIOUS INCIDENT. <
The following anecdote is from Lieut. White’s
“ History of a Voyage to the China Sea,” just
published. It shows the effect of courage in
conciliating the affections of a tigress.
“ The common tiger of Coch-n China, is not
greatly dreaded ; but the royal tiger is a most ter
rifick animal. The Governour presented one of
the latter to the commander of each ship They
were confined in very strong cages of iron wood.
That which I had was a beautiful female, about 2
years old, nearly three feet high and five long. —
Her skin is now in the museum of the East India
Marine Society at Salem ; for in consequence of
losing by bad weather, the stock of puppies and
kids provided for her on the homeward passage,
we were compelled to shoot her. A remarkable
anecdote relative to this animal I cannot forbear
relating. In Saigon, where dogs are “dog cheap,”
we used to give the tigress one every day. They
were thrown alive in her cage, when, after play
ing with her victims awhile, as a cat does with a
mouse, her eyes would begin to glisten, and her
tail to vibrate ; which were the immediate pre
cursors of death to the devoted little prisoner,
which was invariably seized hy the back of the
neck, the incisors of the sanguinary beast perfo
rating the jugular arteries, while she would trav
j er?e the stage which she lashed with her tail, and
! suck the blood of her prey which hung snspend
ied from her mouth. One day a puppy, not at all
remarkable or distinguished in appearance from
: the common herd, was thrown in, who immedi
! ately on perceiving his situation, setup a dismal
| yell, and attacked the tigress with great fury ;
J snapping at her nose, from which he drew some
I blood. The tigress appeared to be amused with
j the puny rage of the puppy ; and with as good
humoured an expression of countenance as so fe
| rocious an animal could be supposed to assume,
| 6 he affected to treat it as all play, and sometimes
i spreading herself at full length on her side, at
others crouching in the manner of the fabled
ephynx, she would ward oflT with her paw the in
censed little animal, till he was finally exhausted.
She then proceeded to caress him—endeavouring
by many little arts to inspire him with confidence,
in which she finally succeeded, and in a short
1 time they laid down together and slept. From
i this time they were inseparable ; the tigress ap
pearing to feel for the puppy all the solicitude of
a mother, and the dog in return treating her with