Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

No 9 —— Vol. Vl.] To Ike Kditon of the Missionary. Gentlemen —I regret to bave occasion nce more (o trespass upon your valuable p-tge9, especially as you deem them misap plied when devoted to controversial writ ing; but my remarks 9hall be as concise as gpssible. Mr. Battle’s letter and my observations are before the publick, and every person interested in the discussion can refer to them to satisfy himself as to the tenor of the former and the propriety of the latter, I am truly happy, however, to perceive that Mr. B. disclaims the opinions which I ascribed to him, and am now satisfied that he expressed himself inadvertently when he made the remarks which have given rise to my charges, although I still conceive that the inferences which I have drawn are legitimate. Mr. B. evidently mistakes the motive which induced me to notice his pub lication; It was not to wound his feelings or those of his brethren ; it was not to mis represent bis opinions, neither was it to en ter into a tedious and unprofitable contro versy ; but as 1 have already stated, to de fend the Church of which I am a member from unfounded and inconsiderate charges. Mr. B. i9 surely aware that Methodists never invite irreligious persoos to the Lord’s Table, but they call upon all in whose 9onls a work of grace ha 9 been begun, to partake witb them. Mankind can be di vided bot into two classes. Men are either in a natural state, children of wrath, or they are in a state of grace, the servants of God. They who are in a natural state are spirit ually blind; and “ the carnal mind is enmi ty with God;” therefore, when an individu al is enlightened so as to perceive his lost and mined condition, and when his hear’ instead of being oppospd to God and his Redeemer, earnestly desires to see God’s reconciled countenance through the Lord Jesus Christ, and to live in obedience to his commands, it necessarily implies the agen cy of the Holy Spirit, and clearly evinces a decided change id his perception and af feciinus. Methodists, if I understand their principles, never admit to their communion table any but gpnuine penitents; nnd our Lord has observed, “ Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted.” “Come unto me all ye who are weary and heavy laden, and I will give you rest.” “Seek and ye shall find,” &c. And if this not drawing a line of separation between the Church and the world, I am indeed very much deceived. But enough. Mr. B. concedes that the Presbyterian and Methodist Churches are Christian Chur ches. and that baptism is not essential to salvation, and I am perfectly satisfied, and close this discussion with every sentiment of Christian affection and good will towards Mr. B. and the whole Israel of God. I remain, gentlemen, yours, &c. PETER W. GAUTIER. MontictUo, Aug. 5, 1824. From the JV. Y. Spectator. THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE. The anticipated visit of this early and uniform friend of the Uni'ed States, and the preparations making in various places to receive the veteran champion of tree dom in a manner suitable to his rank and services and creditable to ihe character & feelings nf the country, have contributed to render him the most conspicuous and inter esting object now before the publick One consequence, among others, is, that many pens have been employed in writing pane gvricks upon bis character and virtues, and in collecting and recording the leading in cideots of his eventful life. Not having room for the several accounts which have Swollen into maoy columns, it is our pre sent design to collect from the materials thus furnished to our hands, (partly by’ the Albany Daily Advertiser,) as many of these circumstances, as we can find room for this evening. Republicks, though often, are not always ungrateful; and we feel a proud assurance, that from the moment the illus trious visiter steps upon our shores, he will meet with a reception which will not only be highly acceptable, but inspire his bosom it possible witb a still higher regard for our country, our people, and our wise and libe ral institutions. La Fayette was born at Auvergne, in France, in the year 1757—consequently, he is now 67 years old. The inhabitants of that province, from early times, have been distinguished for (heir boldness and love of independence; and the family of La Fayette were equally distinguished for their fearless spirit, and chivalrous con tempt of danger. With these feelings, though but a youth, his attention was early THE MISSIONARY. directed to this country, while engaged in our revolutionary struggle with the giant power of Great Britain. He resolved to visit us and draw bis virgin sword in our cause; and at the age of 19, he embarked in a ship furnished at bis expense,and land ed at Charleston, S. C. in January, 1777. He was not a desperate adventurer, whose embarrassed affairs at home deprived him of the means of enjoying life,and therefore, was willing to risk all under a selfish hope ofbettering his own private condition He was born to a princely fortune. He was surrounded by relatives and friends, and bad been blessed even thus early io life with conjugal love. He bid adieu to his native land, to relatives and friends, and to the tender & interesting partner of his bosom —to all the pleasures and amusements which were presented to him in the “ gay regions and vine-covered hills of France,” to join in the glorious contest for liberty in the colonies of America.—He immediately entered the array and served as a volunteer, until the 31st of July following, when he was commissioned by Congress a Major General, “ in consequence of his zeal, and nis illustrious family connexions.” He dis tinguished himself on various occasions, and particularly at the battle of Brandywine, where he was engaged in the hottest of the combat, and when wounded refused to quit the field. On the 25th of November follow iog, he attacked and repulsed a body of Hessians with an inferiour force, for which he was eotrused with a suitable command. In 1779 be returned to France, on a visit; and soon after reaching Paris, a sword was presented him by the American Minister, in the name of Congress. White there, he used all his influence with the Government in the cause 90 near his heart, and succeed ed in gaining their'countenance and assis tance. He returned again, and landed at Boston, with large reinforcements, in 1780. In 1781 he was ordered to the south with a separate and independent command for the purpose of driving Arnold out of Virginia; lut failed in his object, for want of the co operation of the French fleet. He was of great service, however in checking the (narauding expedition of General Phillips; and was soon afterwards opposed to Corn wallis—the ablest general sent by the mo (her country to subdue us. On first hear ing that La Fayette was to be opposed to him, (he British Commander had exultingly said, “the boy shall not escape me;” but he found himself so often batfl- and by his young enemy, that it became necessary to use the greatest vigilance to prevent his own army from being surprised. His ma nccuvros were masterly. The army was in want, and he supplied those wants from his private purse—paying 10,000 dollar 4 at one time for clothing. At the siege of Yorklown he acted a brave and conspicu ous part ; in short, he continued actively engaged in our service (ill the close of (he war—saw our independence sealed aud our county free and happy, with a brighter prospect of future grealuess spread before us than ever had blessed the struggles of any nation on earth. In ’B4 he embarked again for his native couotry, loaded with houour, and the gratitude of the American people. He was received in France in the most enthusiastick manner; and when the French revolution broke out be took sides again in the cause of freedom, and was elected to the States General , by his native province. In 1789 he came forward in that body with his celebrated declaration of the Rights of Mao, and for bis firmness in opposition to the court, was elected Pre sident of the Assembly, and Commandant of the National Guard. He did not, how ever, enter into all the sanguinary meas ures of the revolutionists, and all his efforts were to preserve order in the capital. When ordered by the commune of Paris to proceed to Versailles with his army and take possession of the out post 4 ,he restrain ed the violence of his soldiers—assured the King and Queen of their safety, and saved the lives of fifteen of the household troops who bad been selected as the victims of the infuriated assailants. He also advised the Duke of Orleans to leave the Kingdom, as his presence gave countenance to many sanguinary procedures. His popularity continued to increase, and in ’9O he was cre ated General inChief of the National Guards, of France. Occupying this important post at that interesting crisis, the eyes of the world were turned upon him. His whole energies were excited in the cause of liber ty, and at the same time for the mainten ance of the publick tranquillity. He held, as it were, a magnanimous neutrality be tween the different parties when beyond the laws of justice and moderation. He gave his vote for the trial by jury and the emancipation of (he people of colour. But io the spring of 1791, the tide of publick feeling began to change. He was cruelly and uujuslly suspected by the National As sembly, and his troops were even affected hy the intrigues of those tumultuous times. And when the unfortunate Louis wished to visit St. Cloud, he gave order 4 to let him pass, and was tor the first time disobeyed ! When the King finally fled, his flight was attributed to biro. And the King having been taken at Varennes, the Royalists turn ed on him from ooe side, and Marat and bis parly accused him of treachery on the oth- Go ye into all the world, and preach the Gospel to every creature.— Jesus Christ. Os all the dispositions end habits which lead to political prosperity, Religion and Morality are indispensable supports.— Washington. MOUNT ZION, (HANCOCK COUNTY, GEORGIA,) MONDAY, AUGUST 16, 1824. er. His life was even attempted by a ruf fian who was suffered to escape unpunish ed. When the Constitution was adopted, he resigned his command,on which occasion a gold medal and a bust of Washington were presented to him by the city of Paris. He was offered in addition, a full remuneration for his losses by the revolution, and this, he magnanimously declined. In 1792 he was given the command of the army of (be cen tre near Ardennes. Observing, however, the wanton and unnecessary indignities of fered the King, he caused remonstrances to be forwarded from the different corps of the army. These producing no effect, he went in person to Paris, to make bis complaiots. The military once more opened their arms to receive him, aod asked to be led against the Jacobin Club, the authors of all the in juries of which he complained. This offer, from a generous desire to prevent the effu sion of blood, he refused, while he propos ed to the King, at the same time, to throw himself upon the army for protection: but the imbecility and distrust of Louis prevent ed him from acceding to the offer. Oo the memorable 10th of August,& on tbe flight of the Royal Family to the National Assem bly for safety, La Fayette was deprived of his command, after vainly endeavouring to prevent the outrages of the mob. The Swiss Guards were all massacred, after a gallant resistance; and the noble-hearted La Fayette was compelled to fly before the madness and fnry of bis countrymen. A price was set upon bis bead, and the golden medal before him broken in pieces by the common hangman. In travelling into Ger many, the petty Duke of Saxe Teschen ar rested the illustrious fugitive, and the gal lows was actually prepared for his execu tion. The king of Prussia then interfered and changed the sentence of death, to that of close confinement in the dungeon of Wpssel and Magdeburgh. After a year’s suffering in the latter, the Emperor of Aus tria next claimed him. To him he was transferred, and immediately thrown in chains into the filthy dungeon of Olmulz. His wife and two lovely daughters, (Vir ginia and Carolina,) named after our own beloved land, flew to him on heariog of his situation, and participated in bis captivity. His estate was all confiscated. His suffer ings and those of his family, awakened the sympathies of every American in bis be half. General Washington took the deepest interest in his fate, and used all the exer tions in his power to procure his liberation. Washington, moreover, made a generous remittance from his private purse, to sup ply his personal wants. Compassion for his situation, drew petitions for his release from all quarters. But the Emperor, re garding him as one of the principal agents in the insulting degradation and subsequent death of the King and Queen of France,was inexorable. After two years spent iu this horrible prison, a daring design wa9 formed by Dr. Bollman, a Hanoverian, to liberate him ; but after surveying the premises, he found that the object was impracticable unless he had an associate to help him. While at Vienna, accident threw in bis way Francis K. Huger, a young American well qualified by education and habit, for the uodertaking. It so happened that this young gentleman was the son of Col. Hu ger, into whose house La Fayette first en tered, on coming on shore in a violent storm, near Charleston, and by whom tbe gallant Marquis wa9 first introduced to Washington. They concerted their meas ures ; purchased three of the best horses that could be found; Huger feigned illness and travelled for bis health; and Bollman was the physician. They arrived at 01- mntz, and after some time gained the con fidence of the jailor, and frequently visited the prison, where they found means of open ing a correspondence with the noble cap tive, which was continued for some time, aod conducted so openly that the jailor had no suspicion of the treachery. Notes, how ever,written apparently only to inquire as to the state of bis health, were sometimes writ ten on the other side with a preparation which could be rendered visible by beat ;* and by this means Ihe plot was contrived, every arrangement made, and the following day fixed upon to put the plan in execution. —•We have not room to go into the details of the plot,nor (ogive the particulars which attended its auspicious commencement, but disastrous termination. Suffice it to say, that one of the best contrived plans, after a train of romaotick though mo9t untoward accidents, which no prudence could fore see or guard against, entirely failed. Fay ette escaped ten miles, where he was sus pected, mis directed as to the road he was to take, and finally taken and sent back to prison, where Huger had been committed before him. Bollman was more success ful ; but finding that his plan had failed, and (hat his friend had also been imprison ed, he returned so Olmutz and delivered himself up. Huger and Bollman were im prisoned on a charge of conspiracy against the Austrian Government; the Court be lieved that all the garrison of Olmutz had been engaged io the conspiracy; that ma ny people had been arrested upon suspi cion ; for it could not be believed that * A solution of dried gall of beef, will answer for this purpese. two such youog men as he and Bollman could have formed and executed sodaring a plan without the aid of others; but they were finally tried for planning and assisting in the escape. They were first to bave been imprisoned for life. The upright Judge, however, was bribed down to four teen years, then to seven years, then to one year, to a month, and finally to a week. M. de la Fayette, the unfortunate cauee of their distresses, remained in confinement till the close of tbe year 1797, when, up on peace taking place between Austria and France, he was released at the request of the French General, Bonaparte. The health of his wife was destroyed by the con finement, and (hat of his daughters greatly injured. His own was much impaired for sometime. His hair all came out whilst confined in (he Bonaparte offer ed la Fayette his protection, but he declined it, and retired to Hamburgh, where he liv ed very privately until after tbe overthrow of the Directory. Upon that event, he re turned to France, and lived upon his estate until after the first abdication of Bonaparte, when he was elected a Deputy. After the bat le of Waterloo, it is said, he advocated (he abdication of Napoleon, and acted with Foucbe, in declaring the sitting of the Chambers permanent. On the final res toration of the Bourbons, he again retired to private life, when he was once more elected a Deputy from La Sarthe, though opposed by the whole weight of Ministe rial influence. At the last election, howev er, he was unsuccessful, because the most unjustifiable means were taken to prevent his success. It is needless, (says the Richmond En quirer, from which we bave drawn a small portion of this article,) to dwell upon the circumstances which distinguished this great benefactor of the human race. They are familiar to every one.—All taken to gether, they unite in giving an affecting in terest to La Fayette’s visit to America, which mast fill the heart ol every virtuous being with (he finest and noblest feelings that belong to our nature. It will attract tbe attention of the enlightened io all parts of the world, and will afford an incident up on which poets and historians will dwell with rapture, and around which they will (brow io profusion their choicest and most beautiful flowers. From the New York Observer. THE AMERICAN COLONY IN AFRICA. The following letter was addressed to Lieut- Robert F. Stockton, chairman of a meeting held at Princeton, on the 14th inst. for the formation of a Society auxiliary to the American Coloniza tion Society, by Dr. E. Ayres, formerly agent of the United States Government and of the Ameri can Colonization Society, in the new Colony of Liberia, on the western coast of Africa. It con tains many new and interesting statements res pecting the colony. New York, July 9, 1824. My Dear. Sir: The American Coloniza tion Society has formed a constitution and laws for the government of the Colony, and every emigrant is compelled to subscribe bis name to them, and to take an oath that he will support and abide by them. Tbe constitution provides, that the government of the Colony shall be vested in an agent appointed by the Society, and such other officers as they may from time to time see proper to appoint, until such time as they may choose to withdraw and leave the Colonists to govern themselves. The Society transports at its own charge, such as are unable to pay their passage, and maintains them there for one year, or until they are able to procure subsistence for themselves. It also furnishes to such as cannot pay for them, nails, hinges, locks, and other articles for building, and trusts them for one, two, or three years, or until they can pay for (hem. Each male erai grant residing in the Colony receives one town lot, five rods by eight in extent, and a plantation containing five acres, situated as near the town as possible. If he has a wife be receives two acres io addition, and one acre for each child, provided no one receives more than ten acres in all. He is bound to build a good substaotial house, and to cultivate at least two acres within two years, and if he complies with these terms, he is entitled to a deed of bis land io fee simple. There is in the tract purchased and which may yet be purchased as far as the country has yet been explored, as fertile a soil for the cultivation of sugar cane and rice as any this globe can boast. This tract embrace* millions of acres, and will hereafter be sold out to emigrants at a price like our own back lands, and the proceeds be applied to tbe objects of the Society. Africa it is said contains 50,000,000 inhab itants. All that portion of this population, which inhabit the vast region south of tbe Great Desert, have, for many ages, been io the habit of acquiring what to them has become the necessaries of file, by sale of their own species To obtain these slaves, wars bave been waged, murders and robbe ries committed, while all improvement of their own rich and fertile soil has been neg lected. No other mode of procuring the necessaries of fife than by tbe sale of slaves, has ever been sought for. For a few years past, the slave trade has been very much interrupted, and in some places entirely {Price $3 50 per ann. stopped. This has rendered the supplies, on the whole, precarious and uncertain; they are liable to be interrupted for many months while the British fleet is there From these and maDy other causes, the cry of hard times is, perhaps, not less often vo ciferated in that than in more civilized countries. All feel the pressure, and many are anxiously looking forward for some more regular and certain mode of procuring the necessaries of life. At a moderate computation, there are not less than 10,000,000 of people on than continent, whose energies may be directed into any channel that may be proposed to them. Give a good price for slaves, and they will wage wars, plunder and kidnap one another to soppy the demand. Offer them tobacco, a yard of muslin, a siring of beads, shoes, hats, hatchets, &c. and they will bring you gold dust, ivory, gums and hides; or if vou will creale a demand foreotton, indigo, and other agricultural productions, they will cheerfully turn their attention to the culti tivation of these articles. In Freetown the natives have been taught to be boose car penters, blacksmiths, and ship builders, and they are now engaged in building a stone Church, that would be gazed at with aston ishment in the city of New York, in Re gent’s Town, that boast of Africa, I have myself witnessed young men making rapid progress in the Latin and Greek languages, who, six years before, were wild and naked savages roaming in the wilderness. Such is Africa, and such the condition of its inhabitants. They are waiting and long ing for employment. Labouring men may be employed to any extent at tbe lowest rates. A labourer will woik for a month for four pounds of tobacco, or for eight yards of tbe cheapest calico or India mus lin, or for two pair of shoes, or for two pints of gunpowder, or for forty eight gun flints. For a hat he will work two months. The sale of rum is forbidden in tbe Colony, but any other articles are given much at the same rate; and a native labourer may be kept for the astonishing small sum of oue-fourth of a cent per day, or less than one dollar a year. A ton of camwood may be purchased for 120 pounds of tobacco, a milch cow for 60 pounds, an ox for 54 pounds, a goat for 5 pounds, and a sheep for 4 pound). With respect to the expense of transpor ting emigrants to Africa, very erroneous opinions are entertained. Tbe emigrants who accompanied the writer of this in the Oswego, were transported for less than 45 dollars each, although they went in a small vessel, which brought back no return cargo. Were a large ship regularly and constantly employed in the trade, they could be takea for one third less, which would reduce the price to 30 dollars per head, and the last company of one hundred and five persoos were actually taken for twenty-six dollars each. When the colonists shall have be gun to cultivate large quantities of sugar cane, coffee, &c. aod when they shall have extended their internal trade with the na tives, so as to afford a rich return cargo, it will take off one half the remaitiicg sum, and reduce the passage to Africa, to 15 dol lars per head. Very erroneous ideas are entertained respecting the insalubrity of the climate. More than three hundred persons have been sent out to Liberia. Os these some have returned to this country, some have gone to other places, some have died, and two hundred and forty now remain in the colony, all of whom have passed through the sickoess to which they are exposed on their first airival, and are now seasoned to the climate. Os the whole number of set tlers, only 25 have died ; and of these, five were killed in battle, two were drowned, one was killed by the fall of a tree, one was still born, one died of a mortification, and only fourteen by fever. Os these deaths, 12 were of the passengers of tbe Oswego. This vessel arrived there under all tbe un favourable circumstances which can ever attend any expedition; circumstances which a small share of prudence might have avoid ed, and which I trust will never be repeat ed. We arrived in tbe worst part of the year, just as the raina had commenced, with out houses over our heads, without suitable food for the sick, without a bottle of wine fit to be presented to a patient. The new emigrants were obliged so take shelter in the few buts then erected, and to share them with tboae already there. At night their bed* and mats were spread over the floor of the hot, and were deluged with rain three or four times every tweoty four hours. The beds of some of the sick were never dry from Ihe time they were taken ill until they died. Had it not been for tbe benevolence of a British Captain, who cal led and made me a present of six dozen of porter, many more of us must inevitably have paid the debt of oature. To add to all our other difficulties, myself being the only physician in the colony, I soon sunk under the pressure of toil and anxiety, aid the sick had uo medical attendance. Under such circumstances, what expedition of o>tr comers, in a tropical climate, or in any cli mate, have ever fared better than we did i Many certainly have fared much worse. Look at the first settlements of Virginia Ihe Plymouth colony, New Holland or Sil erra Leoae. Hare any af theca been get 4