The missionary. (Mt. Zion, Hancock County, Ga.) 1819-182?, June 11, 1825, Image 2

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Society—the Leipzic Society, and the Soci-1 etie* nf ini’ Grand Duchy ot VAeitnar and Eisenach—ol Hesse Cassel, Marburgn, Ha nau, Ht'MC Dermstadi, Giessen, Worms, aud Hied the rg, aud others, are all worthy ol parucular nonce, did our limits allow oi it; as also those ol Frankfort, Wiesbaden, and Wuertcmberg. These all are cben*<ed and fostered by the clergy *nd the laity, the peasant aud the prince, and protected and pairooiz-d by royal munificence, au thority, and influence. While protestant Germany is thus associ ated to revive the world with the waters ol life, Roman Catholick Germany is turning its eye to the guidance of a siugle individual as Israel to Moses, expecting from his band an abundaoce of water to tollow them through me wilderness! The Roman Cath olick Students in the various Universities, the youth io the Elementary Seminaries, the travelling mecbamcks, the military, and multitudes of the peasantry, look (o Dr. Leander Van Ness, a Roman Catholick priest, ol primitive holiness, tor a supply ol thnr wants. The war department of the Grand Dutchy of Hesse Dermstadt has en couraged hts exertions, and much good has resulted lrou dis labours —ne has succeed ed in organizing the Darmstadt and Nassau Bihlt Societies during the last year ot ibis mao'* labours —he distributed more than 50,000 Bioies and i'estaments, and since the ctenmeocemeni ot his labours more than 500,000. Many of the Rnmao Catbo lick clergy encourage his labours, and ma ny aid his operations with all their influence. One of ibern took from him, for distribution 2,300 at once, aod atterwards sent an order for SUOO more. The tears ot the starving ntolinode, told their hunger and thirst for the bread and water of life. The Switzerland Bible Societies, are generally flourishing. The Scbafl’ Hausen, the St. Gall and Toggeuhurg Societies are both labouring and praying, tnat the good seed may be sown over all their mountains and sallies, and hi-mg forth much Iruit. The Zurich Society is doing much lor the aged in pub lishing a Bible in large priut. And the Fe male society ol Aaran i? labouring with en couragiog success. Ttie Societies ot Bern and Geneva also, and the Society ot Lau panne are prosperous; but the Bazte Suet ety* tar exceeds them all—it has already circulated more than 140,000 Bibles, Tes taments and psalters. In the Netherlands, the bible cause is gaming every day fresh advocates aod stif fluent aid. Nelheilands India too, glad dens our hearts with good tiding-. The Javanese bible is completed and promises much good to ihe inhabitants of that coun try; amt Cinmsurah, begins lo relinquish her idol Gods; beholding (heir loathsome ness m the light of the revealed will of God. In France, the Bihle Society is flourish ing in a most unexampled manner. The Pvotestant Society at Pns. has an annual income of more than 130,000 francs. It has nearly 150 Auxiliaries Their activity and usefulness Dear full proportion to their income and encouragement. Tt ptp ran be no lover of the salvation of man, whose heart will not beat high with emotion, while he contemplates the aston ighiu,, rogreas of the sacred caase under the management of the Societies establish ed t Lvon", Bordeaux, Nimes, Manlanban, Mar—ill°s, Montpelier, Toulouse, Roueo, Orleans. Caen, Mens, and other places of note and interest. And above all, the So ciety formed at Feruey, formerly the res idence of Voltaire. “O! Star of the roor Ding,” how art thou fallen before the Sun of Righteousness! The Society of Ferney will flourish when the memory of the wick ed “hall have finally perished In Scotland, the Glasgow Auxiliary Soci ety, and the presbytery of Glasgow to gether, have contributed to the present in’ stitution more than SBOOO as their 14th An nual remittance —and the Edinburgh Socie ty wi'b i's 76 auxiliaries have sent up near ly >he “ line amount. The bible has en riched all that region, and made it bloom and hear like the garden of God. While therefore we expect great things from it, we are not disappointed. From the last report of the Hibernian Bible Society, it appears that the issue of bihles and testaments has been greater during the past year, than for several year 9 preceding; and the Society, at its eigh teenth anniversary, wore the cheering and animating aspect of prosperity in all ii de partments. That noble institution numbers among its supporters 161 auxiliaries.hranch es and associations; being an increase of forty seven during the past year. Its re ceipts during the year were £4.767 ; its issue from its depository, 11.263 hibles and 10.610 testaments; making a grand total of di-mb'ition from its commencement of 334 145 Surely there is hope of that Isl and id rtier aids, that will soon be an Island of Bibles The British and Foreign Bible Society, with all the strength and stability of a pa rent stock, is still flourishing and increasing with the vigour and luxuriance of youth. During the last year, as we learn from their twentieth report, the Society was increased by the addition of five Auxiliaries, twenty two Branch Societies,2 Ladies’ Branch Socie ties,3s Bilde Association, and 60 Ladies’Bible Associations-in a11,12 Inewßible institutions. Its receipts into the treasury during the year, wert £97,712 17 6, nearly four hun dred and thirty four thousand dollars. This was an increase over the previous year, of £1,067 5 10. The issues from the De pository were also greatly increased, ex ceeding those of the former year by 30.941 Eible and Testaments; making an ami unt of distribo.ioQ intweniy years, of 3.442,328 copies of the Bible and Testament circulat ed in *!)■ British dominions, and more than 1300.000 circulated on Ihe continent of Eu rope. Tr Society were under engagements at borne and abroad, amounting to 43,098 1 3. I In England it ban published the Bible, or parts thereof, io 23 languages. On the ron tineot, the Society have aided in publishing very extensively, Ihe Bible in 27 ‘angoa ges! In Asia, they have preuio'ed the translation and publication of the Bible io 14 languages and various dialects, and the whole scriptures in the Chinese language, in two versions; and io other parts, in sev eral other languages The Society have aided, directly or indirectly, in priming, publishing, circulating, or translating of the Bible, in whole or in part, io one hundred and forty different languages and dialects. Surely, we may say, in conclusion —sure ly the time must be near at hand, when “the deaf shall hear the words of the book, and the eyes of the blind shall see out of obscurity aud out of darkness; the meek also, shall increase their joy tn the Lord, and the poor among men shall rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.” For the Missionary. DESTINATION OF MAN. Contemplating the work- ot nature, a re flection arise* on their design. This re flection acquires peculiar loterest, ivheD ielerred to man. Considering his bodily conformation and mental endowments ; his capacity ofimprovement, bis ardent hopes, his active engagements ; the wide interval ofhis separation from the brute creation, tbetr subjection to bis sway, and the subser viency of nature to bis necessities and en joymenls, we perceive the superiour regard ofhis Creator for him among (he visible works of bis power. But here u thought occurs to arrest our attention and retard our inquiries. We be hold decay aod dissolution inscribed on all the works of nature. Man is not excepted. On him is legibly instamped, “ Dust thou art, and to dust thou shall return.” lo respect to the first cause , this is a subject ot difficult soluiiou. For consider how, in this tndiscritninate catastrophe, the superiour legard ot ueaveo lor mao is vindicated,aod whether its ail-wisc purpose is not defeat ed. In respect to man, it is a subject 01 1 melancholy regret. This event deprives, ! him of objects of his high valuation, re moves him from seen. endeared to him by familiar intercourse, disappoints bis fond, hopes, disconcerts his best schemes, ter j minutes his sanguine and active pursuits ; j and seems sufficient, in a pp speettve view, i to embitter his sweetest joys anti darken bis J brigntest pro-pects. It is an incident too,} of fearful uncertainty in reference to its is sue ; —an uncertainty incapable ot relief from human observation or tesiim ny ; whose tearfulness ts not removed, whether j regarded as the extinction of hts being, or j as only a change in the mode ot its exis i tence. The terrors of this tyrant, reason | cannot dissipate. For thick darkness, irn j penetrable nignt hangs over his empire aud ; hides from the view, the extent of hts do minion. tsucb is Death lo those who have no voice but nature to instruct them. Such its efforts to all our unassisted views of the destiuy of man. Sucn it is to the pagan , i who wants,— to the infidel, who discredits, —and to toe sensualist, wtto disregards, the i instruction of revelation. But this voice from Heaven, io them who regard it, selves the difficulty and dissipates the painful mys tery of (be subject. It teaches them that meriali’y is not the original, and will not be the ultimate destiny oiinau; —that its rava ges have been introduced by sin ;--ihat its force will operate on the organs of the body, without affecting the vital principle of the soul ; that this, unimpaired by the revolutions of time, and the convulsions of nature, will survive the slroke of death and (be rums of the grave, aud be coeval with the existence of its author. It instructs the Christian, that, being specially overruled in regard to him, it will prove the exlmc tion of bis guilt, restoring his original puri ty, and refining, ennobling and perfecting his powers—the termination ofhis infirmi ties and sufferings—the commencement of vigorous existence and Complete fruition. This wreck of matter , seen through the light of revelation and by the eye of faith, loses its formidable appearance.— Its terrors, mostly dissipated, are insufficient to give alarm or uneasiness to a steady faith and a settled hope ; regarded by the Christian as a necessary and salutary pro vision for the realization of his wishes, —as the commencing boundary of bis hopes and joys. That state of fruition being, by the en dowment of freedom of will and of action, rendered attainable by all, may therefore be regarded as the ultimate destination of man. The whole destiny of man, embracing his present state, is not, we discover, a proper subject of complaint or despondency. If : he discharges his duty, though difficulties attend his condition, they are not insur mountable ; though distresses are incident, they are not insupportable. Nor if man , fully met, do they impede his progress to wards his high destination If be discharg es b duty, though decay spread its bale ■(, Tut influences on the fair face of creation, | new he avens and anew earth shall arise, more glnriops from the ruins ot the old; — though his frail tabernacle will be dissolved, there are mansions in reserve Without hi* consent, these changes cannot injure , — cur should they alarm bim. A frequent aod familiar contemplation on his fulure destination may afford esseniial advantage to the Christian. It will instruct him to resist ensnering pleasures, to distrust the flattering and fallacious objects ol cor poreal vision, to disregard inferiour pur> suits, and chiefly to value properties, com mensurate in utility with his existence. It willinstruct him to estimate personal quali ties, and adventitious accomplishments, as having only a temporary, often oniy a ficti tious value, and as unsuitable subjects o!’ self-gratulation. It will serve to sober his j views and regulate, his desires—to prevent timid fears and sudden alarm, aod to direct his whole conduct io subordination to bis highest concerns. It will check a greedy pursuit of worldly good, which only cloys and sickens fruition. It will elevate his views above the debasiug prostitution ot faculties, and the sacriflce of his substantial enjoyments to the temporary gratification of v:ce and folly. It will assist him to pass an uninterrupted tenor of life, enjoying with a true relish, its innocent pleasures, and meeting its vicissitudes and shocks with unshaken firmness. It will, in fine, enable him, possessing a cheerful courage, anon yielding fortitude, sustained by a firm con tidence in beaven, lo welcome afflictions, and triumph over death. CERIN. GENERAL ASSOCIATION. The General Association of the Baptists in Georgia, held its annual session in Ea lonton on Friday the 27th May, and contin ued till Monday thereatier. The meeting was harmonious and engaging. The preach ing was generally approved and pieasing. The congregation large and attentive, and some times affected On Sabbath morning, according to order, the Missionary Sermon was delivered, and a collection taken up for the funds of the Association, and with some hills which were handed in after waids, amounted ios2!B The Association engaged the Rev. John M. Gray as their Agent, for the ensuing year, to travel c* an , Itinerant through the Slate, and lake con- ( tribmiMOS to enable the Association to carry into effect their benevoleni objects. And ‘ the churches, and all well disposed .person- 1 are hereby respectfully requested to pay a rational and brotherly repect to our bro ther Gray, as the Agent of this body, and strengthen hi® heart and hands in this good work. On the subject of discipline, the Associations were invited to send Messen 1 gers to the next meeting of this body (which is to he in thp city of Augusta, on Fri day bpfore thp 2d Sabbath in March next) to confer particularly on that subject. A com mittee was appointed to confer (with dis cretinnary power) with one from the South . Carolina Baptist Convention, on the erec tion of a general seat of learning in South Carolina, with a Theological Department. A number of articles were passed in refe rence to the general good ot the cause of the Redeemer’s kingdom. The Board of the United Associations, for reforming aod evangelizing the Creek Indians, had its session at thp same time and place. The teacher at Withington , under the superintendence of the Rev. L. Com pere, was present, who gave the Board a satisfactory account of the internal state and prosperity of the instituiion ; hut a i gloomy aspect as to the state of the Nation But as nothing could be ascertained as ta i events connected with the present unset ! tied affairs of the Nation, it wa determiu |ed to proceed on as though all was well, ’till some certain aud determined course could be fixed on ; the opinion prevailed that in the event of the Nation’s going over the Mississippi, the station would go also. The Treasurer reported at full length his accounts, which was directed to be printed. Abner Davis, Treasurer, to the Co-operating Board, Dr. I 1822. June 2. To amount col lected at Fishing creeji church Bald. co. by Rev. Mr Compere $lO 06 1 4 Oct. 25. Amt. rec. of L. Bat tle Trea. Oc. Asso. 500 00 Dec. 24. Amt. rec. of J. Sharp from the Ebenezer Asso. 127 50 1823. Sept. 15. Amt. rec. of L. Battle, Tr. Oc. A. 250 00 Oct. 4. Amt rec. by John Me Kinsie from the Ebenezer A. 22 22 1 2 1824 Apl. 25. Amts. rec. by , Rev. J. Mercer—from Geo. Missioo Board 350 00 From the Beaufort B. F. M. S. for the support of two pupils at the station, lo he named Joseph B. Cook & John Wal ker, ‘ 60 00 Ami. advanced by J. Mercer 127 00 Amt. rec. from the Yeung Ladies’ Benevolent Sue. Sun bury, for the support of a pupil |to be named Harriet Newell, 30 00 From a young lady • 1 buries ton S.C. for the support of a mini I to be named Jane Hand. 0 00 May 10 Amt. rec. by Rev. J. Ross, from church and congre gation at New Pn.videnr.e 9 00 Sept. 7. Amt. rec. from Tho. Cooper, Tr O. As. 300 00 Nov 3 Amt. rec. from Jesse Mercer as part ot the Govern ment appropriation, &c. 200 00 1825. Jan. Amt. rec. from J. Merqer from the Mission Board of the Geo. A9. 300 00 $2295 78 3 4 Contra , Cr. 1822. Sept. 3. Cash paid Tr. Oc Aw. $lO 06 1-4 Oci. 25. “ Ex- Com 300 00 1823 Sept. 15. “ Lee Com pere, by order, 250 00 1824. Jan.s. “ Tho. Sim mens, 123 00 Apt. 25. “ Ex. Committee 600 00 Sept. 16. “ Rev. L. Compere superintendent 300 00 1825 Jan. 20. do. do. 300 00 Apl. 21. Thus. Cooper, order ofsup’dt. 200 00 Bad bills (Kendall’s) rec. from Eb. Asso. 2 50 $2285 56 1.4 Leaving in the bands of the Tr. $lO 22 1-2 Note. Monies received at this meeting are not accounted for in this report. Mes sengers from a newly formed Society iu the bounds of the Ebeoezer Association, for In dian Reform aud Domestick Missions, paid in the appropriation of the Society for the Withington station, and the Benevolent Fe male Society of Beaufort, S. C. forwarded through Jesse Mercer, President of the Board, its annual amount for the present year. These sums, together with SIOO appro priated to the Station by Ihe General As sociation, were ordered to be sent on by Mr. Simons, the Teacher. JESSE MERCER,Moderator. mans mßßHaAanr MOUNT ZION, SATURDAY, JUNE 11, 1825. American Bible Society. —The operations of this great and noble institution are among the most efficient efforts of Christian benevolence.— The abstractor the Manager’s last Report, given in this paper, will excite the surprise of every reader who is not already acquainted with the great and successful exertions which are making by Protestant Christians to place the Oracles of God in (he hands of the poor and destitute of ev ery nation and every tongue. On this account, we preferred, notwithstanding its length, to pub lish the docnment entire in one paper: and we readily omit to accompany it with any remarks of our own, in order to afford room for the subjoined Speech, delivered at the Society’s meeting, by George Griffin, Esq. It is aD eloquent appeal to the Patriotism of our country in favour of the Bi ble cause, and the truths which it so forcibly ur ges ought to awaken into action, not the energies of Christians only, but of every man who wishes to perpetuate the freedom and happiness of this Republick. The efficacy of the Bible in preparing roan for the great and decisive interview betwixt him and his Creator, is a theme which I leave to consecra ted lips. Nor will I now attempt to portray its influence upon individual man in his earthly pil grimage,—how it elevates him from a worm of the dust into a candidate for the skies—how it smooths the pillow of disease and pain—how it sustains him in those scenes of deep affliction when the hand of God hath riven his heart, and nothing but the balm of God can heal it. My present ob jecjt is to hint at the intimate connexion between the Bible and our national prosperity. The des tinies of our beloved country are peculiarly asso ciated with the Bible. It was under the auspices of the Bible that our country was settled: it was the Bible that conducted the pilgrim to our eas tern, and the friend to oufr central wilderness. It the revolution Which made us free, differed in mildness of character from all previous revolu tions, it was because the Bible mitigated its se verity. If our emancipated country has risen from infancy to vigorous youth, if she is now hail ed as the hope of the world, the tyrant’s dread, and the patriot’s boast—let her thank her states men much, let her thank her Bible more. A despotick government may subsist, and per haps prosperously too, without the Bible; a repub lick cannot. A republick cannot, like a despot ick government, be sustained by force She can not, like the despot, tame her children into heart less submission by the bayonets of a mercenary army : her bayonets are reserved for the invading foe. She must depend for domestick tranquillity —for preserving her mild institutions pure aud unimpaired, on the wide diffusion of moral princi ple. Were men angels, they would need do gov ernment but the precepts of their creator; were they devils, they.must be bound in adamantine chains; and as they approximate the one state, or the other, their government may be free, or must be severe. The patriot then, as well as the Christian, may anxiously inquire what are the best means of promoting, what the surest foundation of human virtue. The melioration of the moral condition of fallen man has been in every age a fa vourite object with the philanthropick legislator. For this object Solon propounded l.is theory, and Lycurgus bis theory, and the Roman Numa his. The Being who made man has also condescended to propose a plan for his moral improvement—a plan exceeding in effect all human systems as far as the legislator of the heavens surpasses in wisdom the statesmen of the earth. The Bible is not a scheme of abstract faith and doctrine; its great object is to render man virtuous here, and thus prepare him for happiness hereafter. For this purpose it addresses itself to all his fears and all his hopes. It fastens its benign influence upon him at the dawn of childhood, and never leaves or forsakes him unless his conscience becomes sear ed ; and even then it bangs up before his intel lectual vision a fearful looking for of judge ment,” which, though it cannot melt him into penitence, mftkes him falter in the career of guilt. 1 Not confined, like the code of honour, to the cir cle of ti e ert .>t, it visits 100 the abode* of penu ry : il pees the orphan destitute, friendless, j, er . baj s, about to become the victim of temptation am 1 kindly provides an Asylum for the liitp. ()Ut . , cast, and trains him up (or future usefulness; it find*, file spendthrift, bankrupt in fortune, charac ter end hope, “ tit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils,” and with a father’s voice calls back the desperate and starving prodigal to the rich hun quet of virtue ; in short, it pervades every depart ment of society, and brings its variegated mass within the influence of that high moral principle which is the only substitute for despotick power. 7 his controlling and sustaining principle has no substantial basis but the Bible ; its other founda tions have ever proved to be sand ; the Bible is found to be its only rock. A republick without the Bible will inevitably become the victim of li centiousness; it contains within itself the turbu lent and untameable elements of its own destruc tion. ‘I he,e is no political Eden for fallen man save what the Bible protects. A republick without <he Bihle, never did and never can permanently confer uational happiness. The renowned commonwealths of heathen anti quitity form, alas, no exception. Even classick Greece—that intellectual garden, that birth place and home of the artist, that fairy land of elo quence and poesy -was not the abode of wide spread and permanent felicity. Destitute of the “anchor” of the Bihle, “ which is both sure and steadfast,” that brilliant but hapless repnhlick was perpetually tossed, and finally w.ecktd on the troubled sea of anarchy. If we pass on to contemplate ihe republick of martial Rome, the eye will be dazzled indeed with the glories of her spleuded few, but the heart sickened with tl>w crimes and variegated wretchedness of her miserfl able many. In modern times the experiment has been made of creating a republick without the Bible—made too under every circum-tance that could aid the hope of success—the fairest portion ol the European continent selected as the ample theatre of operation—the profoundest statesmen, the most learned philosophers, the most chival rous and able chieftains, the mightie-t combina tion of taleut the world ever beheld—united in the daring enterprise. The “ terrible republick” was created; but from her withering eye, and polluting touch, and deadly embrace, even the fathers that had formed her recoiled with dismay, and sought refuge from the workmanship of theiri own hands under the banners of an iron despo-l tism. Her reign was inde.d “the reign of ror.” No human historian can adequately record its horrours. But there is an historian above who has faithfully recorded them. And when tha* his torian shall one day open his portentous volume, in the presence of Ihe judgement seat, and of an gels and of men, and read the record of the deeds committed on “this ball of the earth,” perhaps no part, save that containing the crucifixion of the judge himself, will produce deeper emotiou in the ranks of assembled creation, than the page crimsoned with the atrocities of the unbaptized and Bible rejecting republick of France. Let our own beloved republick cling to her Bi ble. It can “ counsel her counsellors and teach her senators wisdom.” It has hitherto rolled on the tide of our national prosperity without ebb or intermission. Are there any patriots who some times cast a foreboding glance at the future ? Con templating the period so near a* hand, when our extensive country covered with a population pro portionate to its resources, shall contain more mil lions than any other civilized nation can call its own,—contemplating at the tame time the mild and unpretending character of our republican in stitutions, divested as they art of all the imposiug trappings and formidable apparatus of dtspotick power, and comparing the unassuming gentleness ol those institutions, with the mighty mass over whose destinies they are to pieside—do these foreboding patriots, with such views before them, sometimes fear that the government bequeathed lo us by our fathers, will not be strong enough for our children ; that it will be unable to lift its ma ternal voice to that tone of awful dignity, which cau hush the contending elements of faction, and say with controlling effect to the stormy passions of so many millions, “ thus far shall ye come and no farther, and here shall your proud waves be staid ?” To such patriots I would say. Supply any lack of political force by augmenting the potency of the moral principle. Distribute with an un sparing hand that Bible which is the aliment of the moral principle. You cannot, if you would, sink your countrymen into slaves; elevate them then to the rank ol virtuous freemen. Let the circu lation of the Bible be commensurate with your population; place it in every hovel whose smoke ascends from the suburbs of your cities, in every hut that breaks in upon the stillness of your re motest wilderness. The Bible can do more for your country than her ablest generals ; it can pre serve her domestick tranquillity,aud transmit her whole circle of blessings to the latest posterity, better than could hosts of standing armies. The friend of the Bible is the triend of his coun try. His voice may have been unheard in her “ councils, but his time and his talents are never theless employed in her best service His ships may have brought no gold to her coffers, but h© has multiplied the resources of her moral treasury. He may not (have added to the produce of her soil by causing “ two spears of grass to grow where one grew before,” but he has planted the rose of Sharon in the midst of her moral deserts. And that distinguished soldier of the revolution, who has just been removed frdm our circle into the more immediate presence of the great Cap tain of his salvation, whilst so kindly devoting the evening of his philanthropick life to the interests of this Society, whose ninth anniversary we are con vened to celebrate, whilst animating its exertions by his own example, and watching over all its destinies with such parental solicitude, rendered the country that gave him birth a less splendid in deed, but no less important service, than when he drew his youthful sword in her defence. Fads worthy of notice. —At the late meeting of the National Tract Society held in New York,the Rev. Mr. Sumnierfield, (recently returned from Europe) mentioned the following singular circum stances :—ln the very room where the arch-infidel Hume predicted the downfal of Christianity in the 19th century, and declared that he already saw the evidences of its decline, the first committee assembled for the formation of the Edinburgh Bi ble Society—and at the commencement of the 19th century the British and Foreign Bible .Socie ty was organized, which has distributed in nine teen years, more than four millions of Bibles and Testaments, and aided in the translation of the Holy Scriptures into 140 different languages and dialects. One of the converts of Carlisle (an infidel book seller in London) who sent bis destroyer a dona tion, as a compliment for having delivered him, at he said, from his ridiculous fear* of hell and his fantastical hopes of heaven, lately died iu the most horrible agony, exclaiming, lam lost ! Voltaire, (whose bold and inveterate hostility to the Christian Religion and awful death are well known) declared, that though it required twelve men to establish Christianity .his single arm should root it out. This he attempted to do bj the pub licatiou of infidel Tracts, which were scattered through Germany and France, and like the frogs