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No 4— — Vol. \ll.] OFFICIAL PAPER. Gov. Troup to the President. Executive Department, Ga. i Milledgeville , Ith Aug. 1825. $ Sir —The letter o! the Secretary of War of the 18th May. introducing to this govern ment Maj. Gen. Gaines, and Major Andrews, as agents of the United States, to inquire into the causes of the late Indian disturban ces—to adjust the differences subsisting be tween the Indians, and to iuquire into the conduct of the Agent for Indian Affairs, rec ommended them as officers, distinguished for ability, prudence and discretion They were received and treated accordingly. With’ the conduct of the ODe, you have been already made acquainted—with that of the other it remains tor me to place you in pos session. In the several conferences held with Gen. Quines on his first arrival I received repeated assurances from him of frieudly dispositions—of upright intentions—of free dotn (com all hicdot bias or prejudice which could mislead his judgement, or influence his decisions on any ot the topicks which, in the execution of bis trust, might presen: themselves for discussion. Relying nripii itly\on the sincerity of these declarations 1 began with regarding Gen Gaines as an honourable and disinterested arbiter be tween the United States, Georgia, and the Indians, and o continued to regard him un til a short time before his insulting letter of the 10th nit. was received at this Depail ineui. It was impossible for this Govern ment not to repel that insult with indigna tion. The chief m-igis'rate in his official message to the Legislature bad stated ex plicitly that Mclntosh aod his chief's had given their consent to the survey, and in support of this statement the letters of Mc- Intosh were exhibited with his name sub scribed in his own hand, of which General Gaines bad ‘ull information. Nevertheless the certificate of an Indian chief who had deserted from the Mclntosh party, and of a white man of whom Gen. Gaines himself does not pretend to know any thing, is pro cured fa discredit the statement of the Gov ernour, and to exhibit him before the pub- Jick as t‘,._ dupe of the vilest and shallowest imposture j and in his solicitude to accom plish this he forgets that it is the consent given by Mclntosh and his chiefs to the sur vey which >o ibe information of the agent, you have taken for granted to be the sole cause of all the di-torbances in the Nation, and upon which you have recently issued‘ the mosL offensive orders to this government connected with that survey.and in your last one even denounced military vengeance against those who shall attempt to carry it into execution. When Gen. Gaines is re buked io the mildest language which the unprovoked insult would admit of, he pre sents himself ttgatn before the publick in a letter indulging in most intemperate abuse of all the constituted authorities of a sove reign state, and cf the great body of its pen pie. and which he causes to be published almost, a week before it was received at this Department. With regard to the first letter of General I Gaines, to which I have called your atten ’ tion, he does not seem to have been content ■wil!> addressing a letter so exceptionable to the bead of this Government. Me assumes vhe authority to order its publication, on the allegation of some pretended and unde fined malicnius falsehoods in circulation, and which he makes the foundation of an appeal to the publick—an appeal more censurable than that for which the gallant and merito rious Porter, is now answering before a Court Martial assembled by your order, inasmuch as the latter only defends himself jigiiust inculpatory charges made by his own government, whilst (be former who was bound by equal respect to this Govern inent does not pretend that any charges of any kind had been preferred by it against him. It is in this letter too that General Gaines has fallen into the shocking extrav agaiic.t* of asserting what nobody can be lieve, Dial the Mclntosh party which made the treaty, constituted hut a fiftieth part of the Nation; and it was in the same letter made known officially to this government that he bad happily concluded a pacifica tion ot” the Indians when at that moment he was as remote from the pacification as he ever fad been, of which fact I have even wit’mi the passing hour received the most incontestible evidence. With regard to the second letter, of the 281! 1 u!t. which now that lam writing, ha?, for the first time be.en put into my hands and almost a week after its publication, I hate to remark, that the history of diplo macy wili not furnish a parallel, so marked with indiscretion, intemperance, deliberate disrespect, and the outrage of all decency. Gen Games forgets as well ivhat he owes to his own government as to this. His du ty to you required him to shew respect to this government in all his intercourse with it. If in that intercourse he had found nim self wronged or aggrieved by the authori ties here, it wa not allowed him to take the redress into his own hands; upon repre sentation to you, yon were competent to de cide the nature and the extent <*f the injury he had received, and of the redress most suite'de to it. H* would oot confide the. exercise of this privilege to you, no doubt THE MISSION ARY. questioning your fitness or discretion for such matters, but chose to rely on his own dexterity and prowess. He writes among other things of the “ malignant villany” which has been extensively practiced on the credulity of many of the good citizens of Georgia and other States in reference to the Indians and the treaty. A charge so vague cannot be easily understood, much lesß distinctly answered. Pre-supposiog it to be directed against the authorities of this State and to be in all respects true, who made Gen. Gaines the Judge to pass this condemnatory sentence on the conduct of those authorities? It had been understood that you had reserved to yourself this pow er, and that Gen. Gaines was here only as your agent to collect the evidences upon which that power was to be exercised. He proceeds to make another reference to the certificate of the Indian Chief and the white man; reiterates the expression of unlimited confidence in the veracity of Marshall, eulogizes him as among the cnot worthy of “the little treaty making party,” and comes again to the conclusion that the Chief Magistrate of Georgia and others are not to be credi'ed against the certificate, of such respectable personages. Within this hour I liave received the testimony of the Chiefs of the friendly party voluntarily gtv en “that the statement of Joe Marshall to Gen. Gaines is false,” and I enclose you tlu certificate of my express, a man of fairest character and undoubted veracity to satisfy you that Marshall has added falsehood t ■<. treachery. In this part of his letter he takes occasion to manifest his resentment toward the friends of Mclntosh, he calls them “ the little treaty making party .” then again “ the. vassal Chiefs of Mclntosh s and questions their right tn giv • permission to make the survey. Wont a di-passionate and impartial umpire is this General Gain: s; one would have supposed that consulting the magnanimity of a soldier, if he depart’ . from the line of neutrality at all he would be tound at the head ot the weaker, the in nocent and injured party. But the Gener al consulting the better part of valour and counting the odds agaiust him as fifty to one, throws himself into the ranks of the stronger party and thns commends himself, again to you for the discretion which you had given him in advance. The General is correct in one of hi po sitions, and being in the right himself, he puls yon in the wrong, and so conspicuously that you s'and on the insulated eminence, an almost solitary advocate for making and breaking treaties at pleasure. Gen. Gaines says, “ the treaty, no matter how procured, had become a law of the land,” &r.. &r Me had said to ihe council at Broken Ar row that the treaty could not be annulled, and must be carried into effect, &c. &c Tttis is good sene. The day before yes terday I received your letter, in which you say Gen Games having informed yon ihat the treaty having been obtained bv intrigue and treachery, it will be referred to Con gress lor re consideration. Gen. Gaine* tells the Indians that no treaty lias ever yet been annulled. You -my this treaty shall be made an exception to all others ; and upon the information received from Gener al Gaines. General Gaines proceeds to manifest hi* respect and complaisance for the Chief M i gistrate of a sovereign stale, hy informing him that “he has been greatly deceived bv persons in ivhose honour he placed reliance, hut who were unworthy of hi* confidence,” thus taking upon himself the responsibility to decide for the Chief Magistrate one of the most delicate of all questions connected with government and sovereignly, viz: the question who are worthy of trust, anil who among the publick servants are or are not entitled to his confidence. In a little time, sir, with your countenance and encourage ment, Get). Gaines would have dictated the appointments to office in this state, and may he, the least hesitancy or repugnance >o comply with such dictation, would he sub dued hy a parade of United Stales troops. After quoting a maxim, that “the King can do no wrong,” and expatiating on the moral excellence of truth, and her indis criminate habitation at the palace and the cottage, the plough and the bureau of state, with the w inderers of the wilderness and the honest but unfortunate debtors; of all which I cannot for the lile of me understand Ihe application, much loss the farrago which follows about some body regarding money a liltle more, and truth a little less—cotidi tion of despised poverty, and luxuries of plundered wealth, &c. &c. arid which is equally unintelligible. Gen Gaines is scarcely more distinct and intelligible when in passing a meagre com pliment to a portion of the citizens of Geor gia, he professes to “ rely on the wisdom, justice and patriotism of at least nine tenths of (hose with whom he has the pleasure of an acquaintance,” many of whom are culti vators of the land ; and then again (hat “the cultivators are the adamantine pillars of Ihe Union against which the angry va pouring, paper squibs of the little and the great demagogues of all countries may con tinue to be hurled for hundreds of centuries “ without endangering the ooble edifice,” &c. &c. All of which may be intended to convey some meaning and admit of ready explanation by General Gaines, but which, nf,n,. ... Go ye into all the world, and preaclythe Gospel to every creature.— Jesus Christ. the dispositions and habits which lead to political prosperity, Religion and Morality are indispensable supports.— Washington. MOUNT ZION, (HANCOCK COUNTY, GEORGIA,) MONDAY, AUGUST 22, 1825. I assure you sir, is altogether above my comprehension. The General soon becomes a little more explicit, when he says “there is in Geor gia a small class of men who, like the “ Ho ly Alliance,” profess to employ themselves in the laudable work of enlightening and governing all other classes of the communi ty, but whose labours consist of vaiu and daring efforts to prove that the light of truth is to be found only with the parly to which themselves respectively belong, and that all others go wrong.” Party, Sir— An ageDt representing the government of the United States before the government of Georgia, addressing to the chief magistrate of the state an official paper in which, des canting on the state of parties, the writer places himself by the side of the one party, and fulminates a denunciation Sgaiot Ihe other. Pray, sir, suffer me to ask if Maj. Gen. Gaines leceived special instructions at your hands so to deport himself, to pry into the state of parties, to find out the relative strength of them, to place himself on the side of the strongest, giving to it aid, coun tenance and co operation, and from this strong hold to issue insolent anathemas against the other, through the Governour of this state; thus directly intermedling in our local politicks and availing himself of our unhappy divisions to make the exaspe rations of party yet more bitter. Genera! Games will not permit us to mistake him. lie proceeds to call the particular party to which he is opposed, the “one sided en lightening class;” in another place he calls them “ the small class.” The opportune ties if Gen. Gaines to inform hitnselF of the stale of parties in Georgia have been, no doubt', much better than mine, which have indeed been very limited, but I have more generally heard from men better informed that the relative strength of parties was - mewbat different from the General’s esti mate ol if; he seems to have adopted the same rule of enumeration, under the same <4 ir.al delusion as in measuring the strength ol the Indian parties and to have arrived at the very gratifying conclusion that the numerical strength was in the proportion of 50 to I—undoubtedly a very incorrect statement. This officer took umbrage at my request to permit the Commissioners on the part of the State, to act in friendly concert with him, in making his investigations for Ihe discovery of troth ; why he did so I cannot conjecture. This, however, was passed by without notice, as was his subsequent refu sal to admit them to a participation of the Councils ia matters involving the interest of Georgia. Hi indiscretion in declaring be.fore the council at Broken Arrow, that if the congregated world were to contradict the Chief. Yobolo, he would not believe it, has been already noticed in the letter which I last had the honour to address to you. It is upon the authority of this chief, of llsin bly, represented to be one of the most infa mous of men, am! of Ihe Agent of Indiau af fairs, that yon have come to the conclusion to return (he Treaty to Congress for revis ion, it having been procured by intrigue and treachery. Gen. Gaines is reported to me to have said in ihe presence of one of the Commis sioners on the part of the State, that if twenty three states out of the twenty-four were 10 pronounce the Agent guilty, he would not believe them. Gen. Gaine has been guilty of the-child ib indiscretion of threatening to'cut off the ear-of thp citizens of Georgia, who bap pened to offend him, as if you had given him his sword for this special service. But indeed, sir, it is high time to dismiss the sub ject of this officer. In maintaining correspondence with the Government of the United States, I have not permitted any false considerations of dignity, or any false estimates of forms and ceremonies which usually govern diplomat i< k intercourse between States to interpose the least difficulty—so far from it, I have cheerfully descended to the level of every thing which it pleased you to employ at any time u“ your representative or organ, from the clerks of your bureaus, op to your Maj. General by brevet, and have acted and treated with them as equals. In the deportment of some of these I have experienced arrogance, self sufficien cy, a haughty and contemptuous carriage, and a most insulting interference with our local politicks, and these characteristicks not exhibited to one, but all the constituted authorities oflhe State. Now, Sir, suffer me in conclusion, to ask if these things have been done in virtue of your instructions, ex press or implyed, or by authority of any warrant from you whatsoever, and if not so done, whether you will sanction and adopt them as your own, and thus hold yourself responsible to the Government of Georgia. Be persuaded, sir, that whenever here after you shall think proper, not deceiving yourselves and us, to send gentlemen to re present you before this government, of the character given to those by the letter of the Secretary of War of the 18th May,they will be received and respected as officers of the General Government would be by the most friendly states of the Union. With great consideration, G. M. TROUP. The President of the XJ. S. CERTIFICATE. I was employed by his Excellency Gov ernour Troup, as bearer of an express to Gen. Wat. Mclntosh, requesting his assed, and ihat of the chiefs, to Ihe survey of the land by Georgia, lately ceded at the Indian Springs. Alter proceeding into the Na tioo, Joseph Marshall and William Edwards accompanied me to Mclntosh’s house. Af ter delivering the e.xpress to Mclotosb, I was informed by Mclntosh (bat he bad cal led a meeting of the chiefs on the following Sunday, which was the 10th of April, Mar shall and Edwards were both present when this conversation took place. Marshall in formed me, (acting as Interpreter,) that when the Chiefs were convened and their wishes consulted, that General Mclntosh would advise the Governour of it; aod ob served to me in the presence of Mclntosh, that he himself had no objection to the sur vey of the land, and that it would be an ad vantage to the Indians for the land to be surveyed, for they could then dispose of a great deal of their provisions to them, and thal after the present crop was made, they could sell out their improvements and he ready uext spring to set oot to the new country. Marshall informed me at the time, that Mclntosh requested him to stay to the talk, but he said it was oot necessary, as his consent was then given. Marshall and Edwards and myself set off together, and several times during our jour ney, Marshall manifested his entire appro bation of the measure of surveying the land, and observed that he had no doutit, but that the chiefs would assent to the survey when they met, which would be on the 10th ol April JESSE PROSSER. Milledgeville. 2d Aug 1825. From the Christian Watchman. A FRAGMENT. In the Autumn of 1318, I was travelling in one of the upper counties ofVirgmia,& on account ol the badness of the roads, was un able to reach a respectable house for my accommodation. I accor' t ---giy turned in to stay at what is there called a “Wagon Stand.” They are small, wretched, dirty places for the entertainment of negro team sters; sufficiently repelling ia their appear ance to prevent any one from habing unless forced to by a combination of unfriendly el ements. such as mud, rain, wind, and “dark liess visible. ” Howe-rc-r true lo lay object as a traveller, I determined to know what brings I was among. Accordingly, after a supper of cold turkey, hoe cake and coffee, I look my seat on my trunk, and found my self surrounded by about a dozen of the sa ble posterity of Ham, with the blessing of perpetual personal slavery, as a reward for their labour on the soil of men, whose boast is that “ all men are free and equal by na ture.” At length I addressed an old grey-headed African, and asked him if he was a slave? Ys, Massa. How old are you ? O, I doni know, very old. I die soon, but no mailer for that, then I go to heaven. No slave there ; all good. In Jesii“ Chris’ there is neither bond nor free. Buckra, do you know these tilings? I inquired, can you read ? Ah, no; but I hear what the minister says. I remember all he says about heav en. 1 feel all just so in here, Massa, said he, pointing to his breast. Now, thought I, here is an opportunity to know what a poor ignorant slave can say on the subject of religion; so I began to question him how he knew any thing about heaven, and what kind of place it was, and where situated ? Massa, you ask where heaven is? Up in the sky where God lives, and all good peo ple with him. Who is God ? He is the Great Spirit who made us all; he made all things that live. Did you ever Ree him? No, Massa, only I think I see him when I pray; he is every where. If you never saw birn, and can’t read, how do you know that there is any such be ing? Ah! I feel him when I see the trees and mountains, the sky and stars; I know they are God’s work. All the men in the world can’t make them. Do yon expect to go to heaven? Yes. But you are wicked; you do had things. Yes, I am very wicked; but Christ die; 1 know him, and I live. He come to save poor lost slave ; he save me, if I believe. Yon are old, and will soon die and be bu ried up in the ground and rot; how can you live and go to heaven ? Ah, my body rot, but not my soul ;> that not made of clay . My body is made of dust, but my soul thin as air, and always live, and Christ says, “because I live, ye shall live also.” God will make us all live in the day of judgement. Some will live in heav en with God, and some live in hell with devils. But who is the devil ? Oh, bad man ; first he deceive and cheat folks, and then burn them in hell. Very bad and ugly. When I get mad, feel cross, and won’t do as my Massa says, that is dev it. But when I am obedient and do as I ought, and Ipve all and pray, that is Christ, I inquired, are you not deceived about all these things? Oh, no, no, all true. And one-’ I talk like you ; 1 no believe ; hut now I hear and know all about the Bihle. Oh, Maeja, if I could read, 1 no talk like you to poor slave. About this time the old slave, being led to suppose thal I was an npposer to religion, began to talk very solemnly to me about death, and judgement to come. He-poke of the future misery of tbe wicked, and of tbe great power of God to detect and pun ish sinners. I sat with a solemn pleasure while he addressed my conscience in his broken dialect. After he bad fintshe.d, I took bim by the hand, aod said. Old man, I believe you are a Christian; I sometimes hope lam one myself. All you have satd 1 believe ; only I wanted to try your faith. I see you are built on Christ, and exhort you to hold last the truth. On hearing this. Ihe slave forgot hi ser vitude in his joy to find me different from what his fears anticipated. Tears flowed down his furrowed cheeks while he shook roe cordially oy the hand, and poured forth sentiments of Christian affection and ardent feelings in the cause of the Saviour. After a conversation of some length, be says to me, Massa, you pray to night? 1 re plied, I will join with you ; and after being urged, he knelt down and addressed our Heavenly Father, in a truly devout and pi ous strain, evidently praying like one Uo had access unto the Father. The compa ny of blacks around us were silent, and at tentive to what was passing, and -hewed a deep interest in Ihe subject ot ‘tebate, and a reverence in the devotions of the old slave. Wrapped in my cloak, I rep ‘sed ca'mly on Ihe floor among these slave-, and in the morning left the nid Christian in Ihe hope of meeting him in a happier and more equal state. On this I make two reflections. 1. This ignorant slave, who could neither read, nor reason, nor speculate, on systems or ab stract ideas, referred to his experimental feelings as aground of confidence in those truths which are essential to his salvation. 2. How many opportunities of doing good are lost by travellers, who make no inqui ries into the slate and condition of those among whom they passrog, or transiently tarrying. Yours, &c, C. From the London Baptist -Magazine for May. ON THE RESURRECTION OF THE SAME BODY. The peculiar to di vine revelation, have ever been opposed by men of subtle, serpentine talents, and of a philosophickturn of mind, destitute of (he grace of God. However profound may be the rational powers of the human intellect, unenlight ened by the Spirit of God, its utmost exer tions will abundantly confirm the scripture axiom, that, “The natural man receiveth not the thmgs of the Spirit of God, for they, are foolishness unto him; neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.” 1 Cor. ii. 14. It is worthy of notice, that those persona who object to the Bible as a divine revela tion, do so, in the general, on Ihe ground of certain doctrines which they find to be a prominent part of its conter.<“: such, for instHUce, as the doctrines of three persons in one. incomprehensible Jehovah; The Deity of Jesus Christ; Hi- immaculate in carnation; 11 is vicarious atoning sacrifice; his imputed righteousness, &c. These, and other doctrines, the Deists perceive to be contained in the Bible ; and most of them are free to acknowledge that these are the principal reasons why they deny its divine authority. We claim, then, their testimony to the doctrines as revealed in the Bible; and subpoena them as competent witnesses in our cause ; and, m return, we readily give them credit lor greater consistency than tho9e who deny the doctrines, while they profess to revere the book. r l he resurrection of the body is an article of pure revelation. But fur the scriptures, it never could have entered into the head or heart ol man to conceive that a body that dies, and undergoes the process of pu trefaction, should ever be reformed and re animated. But, “ Almighty God Has done much more ; nor is his arm impair'd 1 hroueti length of days ; and what be can he will : His faithfulness stands bound to see it done.” Ihe philosophy of infidelitv, however, stands opposed to (hi- grand article ofCbris tianity. This “ philosophy falsely so cal led, ’ led Ihe ancient opposers to enquire, “How are the dead raised? And, with what body shall they come ?” It would be considered as extremely un civil and rustick, in ‘.hi- age of reason , po liteness, and et queue, were we bluntly to reply, alter the manner ol so plain a man a- Paul Ihe apostle, “ Thou fool ” Who, that impugns wisdom , could bear to be thus roughly dealt with ? “ TuotJ fool!!” it is not very easy (o comprehend what the irifidei objector mean* by the perplex ing term, “ the same numerical body * May we not cal! this an Idiom of lr\fide\ity ?■