Newspaper Page Text
BUY AT HOME
AND HELP
HAWSON PROSPER
By E. L. RAINEY
ANOTHER CAR LOAD OF TERRELL CHICKENS
.5, HAS NEARLY 13,000
HOMIGIDES IN A YEAR
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION
FINDS THAT CRIME OF ALL
KIND IS ON INCREASE.
Blame Laid Principally to Apathy and
Indifference of the People*and Part
ly Upon Manner in Which Courts
Function. Other Reasons.
MINNEAPOLIS, Minn—Startling
Jdisclosures of the extent and rapid in
crease of crime in the United States
were made at the session of the Amer
ican Bar Association today by a spe
cial committee on law enforcement,
which urged that the whole code of
rimmal practice in the 48 states of
the union be rewritten so that the
jong arm of the law might also be
come swift, sure, constant and on oc
casion merciful. :
Data on numbers of crime, methods
of trial and treatment of prisoners in
’ England and France which this coun
v showed to a decided disadvantage.
The blame was laid partly upon the
ructure of the law and the manner
in which cur courts function, but
- principally the increase of crimes and
criminals was attributed to “the apa-.
thy and indifference of the American
people toward law enforcement.
“Terrible failures of justice have oc
curred in all parts of the country, says
the committee. Truth still clings to
Chici Justice Taft's statement that
“the administration of criminal law in
the United States is a disgrace to civ
ilization. The trial of a criminal seems
like a gamé of chance with ail the
chances in favor of the criminal and,
i he escapes, he seems to have the
sympathy of a sporting public.”
Laxity Is Responsible.
\n astonishing laxity was discover
o in the American method of record
ing crime statistics. Some states did
not keep records of the number of
persons in prison, as late as 1921.
Among others where statistics were
available the penal population is
shown to have ranged since 1910 from
a decrease in Nevada and South Car
oina to an increase in Kentucky and
Rhode Island.
On information furnished by police
and court clerks in 48 principal cities
of as many states it was estimated
that while the general population of
the country from the year 1910 until
1922 has increased 14 per cent the
criminal population has increased 16
per cent.” It was ascertained further
that “the growth of crime was steady
and almost regular up to dur entrance
into the world war; during the war
crime decreased greatly, but upon thel
resumption of peace, criminals resum
¢d their depredations with increased
activity all over the country.”
“In 1921, for instance, there were
9300 homicides as compared with 9,-
000 in 1920. In no year during the
last 10 did the number fall below 8,-
500. In other words, since 1910 no less
than 85,000 of our citizens have per
ished by poison, the pistol, the knife
or other unlawful and deadly injury.”
}fl.\~ compared with England and
srance:
In the last year for which facts
were available there were 63 mur
ders in England and Wales, 595 in
France. In the 48 American cities
where live one-fifth of the population
there were 1,562 murders.
Only 17 London Murders.
[n London there were 17 murders.
Only nine of these were classed as
first degree. Scotland Yard ended the
vear with none of them “unsolved.”
During the same period Chicago had
137 recorded murders, and New York
260—the latter city obtaining three
convictions.
“The largest proportionate ratio of
trime is in our cities of less than
200,000 population,” says the commit
tee. “It therefore may be conserva
tively estimated that in this republic
last vear there occurred 7,850 murders.
[0 these may be added 6,790 cases of
manslaughter and other unlawful kill
)k‘ _l'ntaling 14,640 unjustifiable hom
cdes,
‘ }'-”Ma’nd is severe in punishing mur
derers. The death penalty often is im
-1-',;(-4_ although prison sentences us-l
ually are brief compared to ours. In
J-r:;;z(;t-. where crime is less severely
punished, murder is more frequent.
_ Fight states of the wunion have
@holished capital punishment. In five
others it had been outlawed but now
s reinstated. Thus there were 92 exe
‘itions in this country in 1919.
‘But to prove that our failure to
mflict the death penalty did not pro
tced from an excess of tenderness,”
e committee points out, “we suc
‘essiully put over 83 largely attended
‘Ynchings,”
WOMAN SWIMS 10 MILES
ON SIXTY-THIRD BIRTHDAY
. Aol
“Its. Vanslike, Former Tuberculosis
Patient, In Water 9 Hrs. 20 Min.
_SANTA MONICA, Cal—Mrs. An
. anslike celebrated the sixty-third
“iversary of her birth yesterday by
,“imming 10 miles in the ocean. Just
[tlore finishing the swim she sang a
; of the “Star Spangled Banner”
show she was not exhausted, and,
1 lcaving the water, dressed without
',jfj,“~';’~:‘(‘<*._Slle was in the sea 9 hours
\. <) minutes.
. Vi¢ came here 12 years ago suffer
% trom tuberculosis, according to
Fhysicians,
~;i!’:‘l." women, among ancient Ro
whit: could wear red, dellow or
Mte shoes, t
THE DAWSON NEWS
Why Home Industries Sl’]OUld Be P atronized
. The following editorial was awarded first prize by the Colorado Edi
torial Association. The prize ,was offered by the Dry Climate Ink and
Roller glo. Do manufacturers' generally really appreciate what -the local
newsp, o for the community in their efforts to encourage industrial
develo _make a better market for the factory output? Read what
Editor By in the Pueblo-Colorado Indicator:
“When a any city, town or community makes the casual
remark that he ca hy he should buy of home merchants or
show a prgfex:ence for nufactured goods he sets the more
thoughtful individual to t and he is apt to think along straight
lines. He has heard a strangcé®sentiment expressed that wakes him up,
and he is apt to reflect somewhat after this fashion:
“‘Now, if all the citizens in this town talked and felt as this man
does we couldn’t and wouldn’t have much of a town, and neither com
munity nor state would be getting just returns for the expense and trouble
it has gone to in building up the community, and for the civil government
it has established for safeguarding the lives and property and other in
terests of its citizens, It would not be receiving just compdnsation for
providing schools and parks and jobs for the wage earners and business
for the merchants to enable them to make a good living. Such a man is
not giving value received for what he gets out of the community of com
mon interests.’
“On the other hand the home patronage and home industry proposition
works something like this: If the local merchant neglects or refuses to
reciprocate in patronizing those who patronize him he is not doing his fair
share, either. If he does not buy his boxes, brooms and mattresses, for
instance, of the home manufacturer, and sends his orders away for such
goods he gets the goods to be sure, but the out-of-the-state firm gets the
money, and thus it’s taken out of the home circulation market and it
lessens the wealth of the community by just that much.
“And, moreover, the box and broom makers, the mattress makers and
the proverbial butcher, the baker and the candle stick maker is deprived
of so much needed employment, and it hurts, for the local laborer and sal
aried person in town has less money to spend with the grocer, the cloth
ier, the dry goods man and everyoneelse in business, and so because a link
in the chain of natural trade has been broken the entire chain of economics
is made weaker and less efficient. -
“It works the same way when afamily sends its orders off to Squeers,
Sawbuck & Co., or other big catalogue house in Chiyork for household
supplies, the struggling home merchant or jobber and the state manufact
urer or jobber is deprived of his legitimate trade, but he is called upon
just the same to contribute to a multitude of small benevolences and en
terprises, and he must Submit without protest to being plucked about ever
so often and occasionally in between times.
“So let it be understood that the business man is a very useful and
necessary adjunct to any community, for he not only affords employment
to others but he is among the heaviest of taxpayers of the home govern
ment for offensive and defensive purposes, so that he is entitled to con
sideration and support. It is thus seen that home patronage has its selfish
side and its loyal side that appeal tous both going and coming.
“Reciprocity is a grand and noble institution when made to work both
ways. It then falls upon the community like manna from heaven: It
radiates a sustaining and soothing influence upon all persons and interests
alike. It is a human sort of sentiment that neceds to be more generally
as well as more generously practiced. It is the Golden Rule applied to
home building and business affairs. It relates to everybody and every
thing.”
g‘lf the rule were more universally observed there would be bigger and
better home and state mercantile, manufacturing and jobbing concerns,
more employment and lower taxes, and there would be fewer voluminous
dog-earned catalogues of the big out-of-state mail order houses ip use.”
ARRANGEMENTS FOR
STORING PEANUTS
PLANS OF GEORGIA GROWERS
CO-OPERATIVE ASSCCIATION
FOR WAREHOUSING CROP.
J. J. Watson, production manager
of the Georgia Peanut Growers’ Co-
Operative Association, has completed
arrangements for warehousing and
storing the peanuts from the more
than 100,000 acres under contract to
this big farmers’ organization. Bond
ed warehouses in about twenty cen
tral points will be the main receiving
points, but local receiving stations
will be established throughout the
counties covered by the association.
Members will have the option of de
livering at either, but they are being
urged to take their peanuts to the
bonded warehouses, which will be the
only places where peanuts will be
stored for any length of time. By tak
ing their peanuts to the bonded ware
houses, which are located at the places
enjoying the lowest freight and insur
ance rates, the members will save the
association money, which amounts to
the same thing as saving themselves
money.
At a joint meeting in Albany re
cently of bankers, business men and
peanut association representatives, an
agreement was reached whereby the
bankers and business men holding
crop liens against peanuts and mem
bers of the association will allow these
peanuts t¢ be handled by the associa
tion. The lien will be paid out of the
proceeds of the sale by the associa
tion, and in this way the peanuts will
not be dumped on the market at the
time when prices are usually lowest.
It is believed that practically all of
the bankers and supply merchants of
the state who are not speculators will
accept the plan, which, it is claimed,
will add to the general prosperity.
Arrangements have also been made
to finance the initial advances by the
peanut association to its members on
first deliveries by short-term loans
from local banks at 6 per cent interest.
Money borrowed for longer periods
to finance such portion of the crop as
will be stored will be secured from
the federal intermediate credit bank at
Columbia, S. C., at 5% per cent in
terest.
Fast Living Is Cause of Increase of Cancer, Says Eminent Specialist
NEW YORK.—Fast living—not
necessarily riotous, but the sort that
provides a mnerve strain—self-indulg
ence in eating and drinking and plain
laziness are responsible for the alarm
ing increase in cancer in America, ac
cording to Dr. L. Duncan Bulkley,
for fifty years a student of the dis
ease and recognized as one of the fore
most authorities in the country.
In virtue of the malignant disease’s
invasion of the world’s high places
during the past year—with especial
Baking Juicy Pies.
The lower crust of a fruit or berry
pie is always quite soggy. To prevent
this sift a layer of bread crumbs over
the lower crust before putting in the
fruit. A crisp crust will result, while
he crumbs can’t be seen nir tasted.
MILLIONS OF LIVES
SAVED BY U. S. RELIEF
SIXTY THOUSAND CAR LOADS
OF SUPPLIES DISTRIBUTED
DURING TWO YEARS.
WASHINGTON, D. C.—Commun
ism in Russia is/dead and Russia is on
the road to recovery, Col. William
Haskell, who was in charge of relief
administration activities, said in a fi
nal report today to Herbert Hoover,
secretary of commerce and chairman
of the relief administration. Not oniy
did American aid, amounting to $60,-
000,000 during the past two years, save
millions of lives in Russia, said Col.
Haskell, but it helped to stimulate
Russian recovery.
Million Tons of Supplies.
“During this period,” said the re
port, “a little under a million tons of
food, seed, clothing and medical sup
plies have been bought in the United
States by the American relief admin
istration, requiring about 250 voyages
of American ships. These supplies
amounted to 60,000 carloads on the
Russian railways. Their distribution
was accomplished through the organ
ization. of 35,000 different stations at
the worst period when we were feed
ing nearly 11,000,000 men, women and
children daily. Not only would these
millions have died without this relief
but even larger numbers would have
perished from the cess pool of conta
gious, disease which was then raging
everywhere.
“In the battle against these epidem
ics the American relief administration
furnished supplies to over 15,000 hos
pitals and institutions and organized
the inocculation and vaccination iof
over 7,000,000 individuals. Its system
atic campaign of sanitation stamped
out the world’s most dangerous cen
ter of contagion,
90 Per Cent U. S. Relief. |
“From seed imported about 8,000,-
000 acres of land were sown. The
worst of the famine was over a year
ago, but since that time the Ameri
can relief administration has contin
ued to feed, clothes and give medical
service to an average of 2,000,000 dere
lict children until they were past dan
ger and to provide food "and clothing
for over 100,000 teachers, and profes
sional people as a supplementary ser
vice.” |
reference to the death of Princess
Anastasia in London last week and
the retirement from the premiership
of Great Britain of Andrew Bonar
Law—Dr. Bulkley is urging that the
only real solution of the cancer prob
lem lies in a change of the mode of
living and the diet. l
“Any number of observers, in many
lands,” Dr. Bulkley said, “have re
corded the almost entire absence of
cancer among aborigires living sim
ple, largely vegetarian lives. They
have also shown the definite increase
in mortality from cancer among these,
in preparation to the adoption by na
tives of the customs and diet of*Tor
eigners.
“The increase in cancer mortality’
seems to depend largely upon the al):‘
lied conditions of life attending mod
ern civilization, particularly along the
lines of self-indulgence in eating and
DAWSON, GA., TUESDAY EVENING, SEPT. 11, 1923
200 MILLION DOLLARS
GAIN IN SALE OF CROPS
FARM BUREAU FEDERATION
EXPERTS SO ESTIMATE THE
ACTUAL CASH INCOME.
$8,710,000,000 YEAR'S TNTAL
Agricultural Status Better Than Be
fore War, It Is Reported. Amount
Of Cash Each of the Principal Crops
Will Bring Growers.
CHlCAGO.—Despite the wheat
slump, the cash income of American
farmers from sales for this crop will
be about $200,000,000 greater than iast
year. So the department of research
of the American Farm Bureau Federa
tion estimated today on the basis of
the latest production reports and
market trends. The computations of
the farm bureau statisticians bear out
observations gathered during a recent
4,400-mile tour of 10 Mississippi wval
ley states, viz: that the status of agri
culture in 1923, despite all the calami
ty howling, is better than last year
and considerably better than before
the war.
The bureau says the $200,000,000
gain in actual cash income from sales
is accounted for by a probable in
crease in the value of the cotton crop
and of dairy and poultry output. It
points out that corm will bring more
than last year, but hogs are likely to
bring less; cattle will yield about the
same as last year, also tobacco, while
wheat will bring considerably less.
Income From Products Sold.
After much research, that has oc
cupied the statistical experts for a long
time, the iederation presents an inter
esting array of figures on the farm
ers’ actual cash ‘income. It is quite
different from the estimates of income
framed from time to time by some of
the economists and by the agricultur
al department, in that the tables at
tempt to' show actual income from
products sold, instead of giving the
total , value of commodities produced.
Where the government's estimates
include the value of necarly everything
raised on the farm, including food
consumed and crops fed to stock, the
bureau’s compilations are confined to
products actually sold off the farm
where produced the aim being to as
certain what the farmers as a group
actually receive in income from sales.
' Many income estimates -put in, for
instance, the value of the corn raised
by a farmer and also the value of the
hogs to which he feeds the corn, and
the data offered by the federation
eliminates such duplications. |
$8,710,000,000 This Year. |
Last year the tables show the farm
ers’ gross sales totaled $8,479,000,000.
The forecast for this crop year is $B,-
710,000,000.
Last year the tables show the farm
ers’ income divided as follows:
Crops, $4,523,000,000; live stock
$2,256,000,0G60; animal products, $l,-
700,000,000.
This year the estimates place crops
at $4,725,000,000; live stock, $2,225,-
000,000, and animal products $1,700,-
000,000.
In other words, crops will bring in
cash $200,000,000 more than last sea
son; live stock will fetch $30,000,000
less and animal products will bring in
$60,000,000 more than last year. Mak
ing allowances for some unavoidable
duplications the experts put down an
increase of $200,000,000 in agricultural
income as a conservative minimum.
Interesting comparisons between
the pre-war and post-war periods are
brought out. |
Comparisons With 1909-1910. |
“Farm sales last year,” says the re
port, “were 57 per cent greater than
in 1909-10. |
“The sources of farm income have
changed considerably since the pre
war pericd, a shift having occurred
from live stock to crops, and still more
to animal products. |
“Total farm sales last year were 57
per cent greater than in 1909-10, but
sales of live stock showed an increase
of only 37 per cent., while crops gain
ed 50 per cent and animal products 81
per cent. |
“Among the crops the cereals have
become relatively less important. Cot
ton, while the tendency is downward
in production, is of about the same
relative importance as a money crop,
due to recent high prices. Tobacco
sales were nearly three times as high
as in 1909, and potatoes, commercial
vegetables and fruit have also increas
ed greatly in value.” .‘
‘drinking, together with physical in
dulgence.
“Statistics from many countries
show that a per capita increase in
the consumption of meat, coffee and
alcoholic beverages appears to coin
cide with a proportionately greater
augmentation in the- mortality from
cancer.
Dr. Bulkley's observations have
been arrived at through his cases at
the New York Skin and Cancer hos
pital, which he founded. Through it
daily pass scores of persons o% the
city, suffering from the malignant dis
ease. So well rooted is his belief that
surgery, which calls for operations for
the removal of infected portions, x-ray
and radium treatments not only are’
ineffective, but aggravate the diseasel
that he has installed a system of diet-!
ing that calls strictly for vegetable
foods. Meat is banned. Exercise is a|
BIG SALEWILL BE HELD
AT DAWSON THURSDAY
THOUSANDS OF CHICKENS TO
BE BROUGHT FROM TERRELL
AND OTHER COUNTIES.
TOP OF THE MARKET IS ASSURED
Poultry Industry in This Section Is
~ Growing to Large Proportions, and
Sales Another Year Are Expected
~ To Reach Around $20,000.
The third co-operative chicken sale
‘will be held in Dawson on Thursday,
September 13th, this date having been
set by the State Bureau of Markets,
}which will have charge of the sale, as
in the case of the preceding ones.
'As interest in the poultry industry
has rapidly increased during the past
Ff'ew months the sale Thursday is ex
pected to be the largest as well as
most profitable of any that has yet
occurred.
The first Terrell county co-opera
tive poultry sale was held in Dawson
on April 17th, and the second fol
lowed on June 12th. The sum real
ized from the two sales totaled $3,200
all of which was outside -capital
brought into the county.
On Solid Foundation.
It is the concensus of opinion
among the people of the county whoi
have studied poultry raising that
this industry now has a solid founda-i
tion in Terrell, and although the bus
iness is only in the cmhryonic.s'tag‘ef
it is certain to grow steadily until this
section will be noted for the success
it has achieved in the poultry mdustry.‘
Chicken sales will be a regular event,
and it is predicted by persons who
have reason to know that the county
will ship approximately $20,000 to
$25,000 worth of poultry the coming
vear. This year the total returns from
carload lots and drop shipments will
reach approximately $7,500, which is
very commendable for the initial year,
when the industry has only been in
the experimental stage.
The poultry organization of the
county, which has only temporary of
ficers but which has functioned like a
perfectly organized body in every re
spect since the first meeting, now has
a community hatchery in view for
this section. The co-operative hatch
ery would be of 10,000 egg capacity
to begin with and coild be purchased
for $2,000. A’' committee composed
of Mrs. Ernest Brim, Mrs. W. H.
Dismn‘l:; and Mr. D. J. Woolbright
are now making a survey of the coun
ty with the view to buying a hatch
ery with subscriptions obtained from
enterprising chicken raisers, and they
will report at a meeting soon to be
held. Dr. L. Lamar is temporary pres
ident of the organization.
Ideal for Poultry Raising.
~ The climate and conditions here are
ideal for raising poultry economically.
Green food can be had the year round
and in this manner egg production in
creased. The poultry industry has
proved a decided success in the north
under adverse conditions and with
much expense that would not be en
countered here. The advantages of
poultry raising on a large scale here
are numerous, and any farmer who
might decide to try the chicken busi
ness on a moderate scale would find
that this would more than pay the
expenses of the farm and thus make
the returns of the other crops, such
as cotton, etc., be cleaf profit.
The sale T}mrsday‘, just as the ones
heretofore, will be held at the Central
of Georgia depot, where a regular
poultry car will be placed .convenient
ly in order to conduct the sale with
dispatch. Experts from the bureau
of markets will weigh the chickens
and grade them, and the money will
be paid for the fowls as they are
brought in.
These co-operative chicken sales
are in every way advantageous to
Dawson and Terrell county. Aside
from the pecuniary gain the advertis
ing received from the sales is well
worth anything that can be done to
make the sales a success.
Neighboring Counties Interested.
All who will have chickens for sale
next Thursday are requested to notify
either R. D. Smith, H. A, Petty or
W. S. Dozier.
This sale is expected to be the larg
est yea. Many chickens and other
poultry will be brought in by farm
ers of Calhoun, Randolph, Webster
and other neighboring counties.
requisite and the proper medicines are
also a basis of his treatment.
In substantiation of the point that
past methods have proved ineffective
he points to the medical statistics. In
the period from 1912 to 1916 88 per
sons to every 100,000. The past year
has reached the high rate of 104 per
sons to every 100,000. The toll of can
cer in. America for 1922 was more
than 100,000 persons. The figure is
mounting rapidly.
Medical estimates have it that at
least 100,000 cases develop annually
and that upon the basis that the life
of the disease is three years there are
now 300,000 cases in America.
Albany, N. Y., leads the nation in
death rate with a mortality of 162.9
sons out of every 100,000 persons in
the United States died of the disease;
in the five years from 1917 to 1921, in
clusive, the death rate was 97.1 per
Negro Dies at Age 108;
Oldest Person in Georgia
A good old slavery time ‘“mam
my,” Rosa Caldwell, passed away
near Toomsboro a few days ago at
the ripe old age of one hundred
and eight years. \
According to the record of a
family Bible she was born in Vir
ginia in the year 1816. When a
child she was brought to Jefferson
ville, Ga., by a slave speculator and
was sold to Henry Bloodworth in
the upper part of Wilkinson coun
ty. Later she was sold to a Mr.
Slade, of Baldwin county, who gave
her her freedom in the year 1865 at
the age of 49. 7
She bore an excellent reputation
among the whites and negroes and
it is said that during her %orty-nine
years as a slave none of her own
ers ever struck her a lick.
ATLANTA BOASTS
OF A “GIRL” BANDIT
ICAN SLUG AND STEAL CARS,
AND'HAS BASS VOICE LIKE
A MAN, SAYS A VICTIM.
ATLLANTA, Ga—Like Chicago,
Atlanta has her “girl bandit,” and the
Georgia variety sported a ‘“bass
voice,” according to the story told \by
J. C. Jones, a taxicab driver, who was
slugged, robbed and left unconscious
on a lonely road about midnight on
Thursday night by the “girl” and her
friend, who had been accepted as fares
near the Terminal station.
Take Car.
Also the so-called feminine memX
ber of the duo of robbers, accord
ing to Jones, was stronger -than the
other bandit and was more aggressive
when the pair lit onto Jones after ask
ing him to stop the car near Adams
ville, many miles from Atlanta. The
pair made away with an expensive au
tomobile belonging to the Belle Isle
Taxicab Company.
“As I drew the machine to the side
of the road,” the taxicab driver told
the police, “the man hit me from be
hind with a heavy blunt instrument.
I was stunned, but grabbed the iron
bar and had almost taken it from
him when the woman jerked hold of
it and easily jerked it out of both our
hands. She was cursing in a heavy
voice as she hit me hard on the head.
That was the last I remembered.”
Injuries.
Jones said he regained conscious
ness near a creek about half a mile
from the road. After bathing his face
in the stream he managed to drag him
self to the road, where he hailed a
passing automobile. Jones suffered a
broken jaw and possibly a fractured
skull.
RIDE MILLION MILES;
NEVER LEFT CITY
THREE STREET CAR MEN WHO
HAVE UNIQUE 40-YEAR REC
ORD. BEGAN AS MOTORMEN.
A million-mile street car ride!
That's impossible, some will say,
but here are three living proofs that
such a “stunt” can be done.
William Zell, Ben Solari and Jacob
Zier, employes of the trolley company
at Washington, D. C., have been rid
ing on the street cars for 40 years—
and in all that time they have not
been outside the city. Statisticians fig
ure that a street car will last from
18 to 25 years and will travel at least
6,000 miles a month. A little figuring
and the result is a million miles, or a
little more.
Rode on Horse Cars.
William, Ben and Jacob went into
the business when horses pulled the
cars. Many the time they chased a
street car down a hill when the rails
were slippery and the horses balky.
Often they have told passengers to
get out into the mud and walk when
the load was too big for a hill.
The three first worked as team driv
ers, pulling the reins over two horses
that helped pull the cars up steep
hills or under heavy loads. Then as
science took a hand, the three got
jobs turning a controller and took the
last half of their “ride” on electric
cars.
Bill, Ben and Jake are far from be
ing “young fellows,” but they still are
going strong, they tell their custom
€rs.
line of sanitation and health measures
America is leading the world in the
prevalence of the disease.
persons out of each 100,000 popula
tion; San Francisco is second with
161.8; Boston is third with 145.8; Sac
ramenta is fourth with 141.8 and Prov
idence is fifth with a mortality of
135.5 persons out of 100,000 popula
tion. Norfolld, V 2., has the lowest
cancer death rate in the country and
Detroit has the next to the lowest.,
In spite of its advances along the
Names Is Names.
At Kennington, England, a man
named Death recently won his liber
ty, following conviction on the charge
of assaulting a police officer, because
he braved death so many times in the
late war.
A NEWSPAPER
DEVOTED TO
PUBLIC SERVICE
VOL. 41.—N0. 2
[HOUSANDS FORGED 3
FROM THEIR HOMES
| MINORITY POPULATIONS BE
’ ING TRADED NOW BY THE
| GREEKS AND TURKS.
!Million and a Half Sufferers Weight
ed by Poverty, Sorrow and Perse
cution as They Struggle Inte
Strange Lands to Live.
~ Torn from the farms which they
lhave cultivated for centuries, from the
‘towns and villages in which their fam
ilies have lived for generations, a mil
lion and a half Greeks and Turks in
eastern Europe have been forced into
the greatest migration in modern his
tory.
Wander Aimlessly.
Ragged, hungry. frightened, with
little idea of where to go, hundreds
of thousands of refugees choke the
rough roads of Asia Minor and the
lower Balkans. Rascally soldiers in
fest the highways and bandits are a
constant menace. Scores fall by the
wayside, leaving their miserable pos
sessions to be plundered by other suf
ferers.
Turkey and Greece are exchangn.g
their minority populations, eir
sources of intrigue, dissatisfaction and
revolution. The exchange was approv
ed by a treaty signed at the Lausanne
peace conference; an idea born in the
brain of Dr. Fridtjof Nansen, the Nor
wegian léader in Russian famine re
lief, who won the Nobel peace prize
this year.
4 Never Saw Native Land.
Half a million Turks in Greece,
who never saw their native lands and
who have become Christians, must
move to Turkey, there either to deny
their religion or to face the wrath of
Moslem legders. A million Greeks in
Turkey, ignorant of the language and
customs of the country of their an
cestors, must return to Greece, to be
?e-r.;ecuted for their Mohammedan
aith,
But Turkey and Greece must suffer,
too. The Turks never have beer good
business men. The Greeks and, Ar.
menians, people who now must ‘eave
the country, furnished Turkey with
capital and men who knew how 1o use
capital. Turkish . merchants already
have protested against the exchange.
Greece, with its weak government,
already is handling a million tamine
sufferers. How many more will add
to the burden as a result of the mi
gration cannot be. estimated.
The Spanish empire, when at the
height of its world power, expelled
its Jews and Moslem Moors, whe did
most of the business and filled most
of the professions in Spain. From
these expulsions historians date the
fall o‘the empire,
Misery on all Sides.
Now a new exchange has begun in
the Near East. Murders, the seizure
of women, the killing of children—
these are the results. Young and
strong men, married or without fam
ilies, have been taken from the march
ing throngs and held captives. The
women and children go on—to begin
life among strangers.
In Greece “tented cities” have been
built for the refugees. Men, women
and children, suffering from a lack of
proper food, or from no food at all
are huddled together in these “cities”
until the government finds a place to
send them. Then they join the march
of misery, ;
The American Red Cross ‘ has
equipped rude hospitals near the ldrg
er cities through which the refugees
pass, and in these scores of sick and
hopeless travelers are received. Hun
dreds of children, toob, made orphans
by the world war or by the hardships
of the march, are taken in the hospit
als and kept there under the care of
American nurses.
Fleeing Ten Months.
Hundreds upon hundreds of fami
lies, with all their earthly possessions
in their arms—Yfew have vehicles to
lighten their burdens—have been wan
dering from place to place ever since
the world war clesed. The migration
began in earnest ten months ago,
however, and the number of homeless
sufferers is increasing daily at an
alarming rate.
The roads of the Near East are
none too good at the best, so travel
over them is painfully slow. Sceres of
exiles fall by the road from exhaus
tion and die from hunger and disease
before they are able to reach the in
frequent “oases” in their barren lives.
Almost Like Animals.
Listless of eye and lagging of limb,
almost like animals, the countless
thousands continue their weary march
to nowhere. Sights of suffering, sor
row, privation mean nothing to them.
They too, are going through the fire.
Their minds and energies are too far
spent to give heed to what is happen
ing about them. ‘
Families are separated because the
mothers and fathers are so weary
that they have no thoughts of the .lit
tle ones.
No End in Sight.
When will the migration cease?
Thousands of persons have asked
this question, but no answer has been
given.
It does not seem possible that the
populaticns can be exchanged without
a great deal of delay and suffering.
Refugees—tired, hungry, discouraged
from a monotony of horrors—will
clog the highways of the Near East
for many months, for many years to
come,