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About The Dawson weekly journal. (Dawson, Ga.) 1868-1878 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 16, 1869)
THE DAWSON WEEKLY JOURNAL. ~Y ' s. 11. WESTON. jlaiuson. Ocilcckln Journal, "' Published Every Thursday. r r ftS—Strlclty l» Advance. rE"” 00 75 Three 25 Sit .$2 00 One— -—~~~Zr~Weaal **dvertlHcment*. liain ot „ on Sheriff’s Sn'e*. i ev y 5 00 Mortssße h' 1 ™ ' „ .. .... 600 Tsl , Co '.' ( nr Letter* of Administration, 400 Citations for Guardianship, 4 00 . „ frnm Administration, 5 00 Ditmwnon from fiturdiin( , hip 6 no I»»ve to Bell land, * 00 * n plie» tlon org <n( j Creditors,..,. 4 00 juices t« D J 4, each additional. S 00 gdes o^ T Perishable Property per sqn'r, 4 00 tx.“J2&%r s r.?ziz rjitV--; divorce cnees. 10 00 Ru üb«l advertisements must bo accompa- — evert description eze c„A ’eatuess and dispatch, at moderate ratel. , Sontli' VfiS *** r,t Railroad. * HOLT, Pies. POWER, Sup .* r i if • arriffi it ColHfTi , » d.'C-»«ia«r. S„ 11 1* *• ’ 620 P. M. • Jf ; arrive at Macon o , rrITBS , t Eu L„v>, A y . Macon 4 50, P S*. AI.BANY BRANCH. Leaves Smi-hville 1 46, P *J. Arrives at iit'an, S 11. PM : ’' e »7 B *' ba " y 9 35, A ’ Arrives at p. M.; arrive at Fort n '“.‘Vm P Fort Osina 7.06 A Kiv^Cuthberto.osA.X TTeslera & AlU«tlc Kailroar!. F nUI.BE (T, Sup’t. DAT TASfiKNGEn TRAIN. , . 945A. M L.avaAianta . • 2 80 P. V A* m Va at Atlanta . • • ll 06 . - M RIOUT TRAIN. , i,i.„. . 7 00 V. M he*’* *tia ** • 410A VI Arviv. *t Chattanooga " I.»»»* Oafanooga . • * " Arriv. ,ir 1) lion . . • 7S "\ 'JJ kriv... flsn.a . . • • 741 >■ M grofesgionnl ROGERS. BOTSFORD & CO., it t'd f. r.sr.i i r .IKE.VTC. IVitwsoti, Ter rati I < «•««■*»’ <"a 4HE nffarint for sale desireb'e dwellings, j\ bniliiinu low and pUma’ion". Our Register is open »o >tt # fee of coat* to r**i*ttr ih*» property »hps !»>»▼*» for and, •I*o, for (he m»p?otion of these wishing to f ,rch ‘ S8 oeflßitf G. W. WARWICK, Att'y at Law and Solicitor in Equity, SMITHVILLR, OA. WMI DMCtioA in South Western and PnUu* 1* circuits. Collection* promptly remitted. e B. WDOTKN. R. W. DAVIP. VVCD7EN & DAVIS, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, llatcson, On. 4»#« 18« R Iv K. J. WARREN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MAHKSfiLLE, - - - G.f- LEVI C. HOYL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, * * Dawson, ... - Ga. A\rILL practice in the severnl Courts ' » Lhw ami Equity in this Slate and the Circuit Court* of the United States for the St*te of Georgia. LVO\, DeGKAFFENHEID & IRVIN, jIT LjM, Macon, - Georgia - WILL give attention to Professional Busi~ * ness in the Macon, *Sou;h-w. and "‘UuU C iron its ; i u the U. S. Courts, in S*- J*nnah and Atlanta; and by Special Con *r«ct in n? part of tfee &Utc. bept.*2,V69 ; ly. li. F. SIMMONS, attorney at law, Instate Ageist, AND— (ounty Agent for Land & Iniinis;ra t,on Office of She State of Georgia, Dawson Ter rell Comity, Ga. 13R0MPT attention given to all busine«s tl ,T US " and 10 hi* c * re - Will examine ti • the« l ° * nd lnd the sale or purchase of atigAjtf u. A. CHEATHAM, fowl Commission Merchant Dawson, Georgia. WW ‘ on the Is-nt terms pnesihl^anything •nrthinJtf utc r* “oeO, or sell lor the Merchants, Cotton hi le Tj , * Te to sell. Kh' »n,l sold on commission Non 1 u ’C'(My wi'.'i i '"tSl'S to arrive 20 casks clear Ribbed winch Will be sold low for cash. ____ C.A.CII EATIIAM. H Aj"i ROOM 1 M T s,oc ' t . °t liquors is now complete, and to , tntD P^' B ys 6ne Brandies, Whiskies, Gin, call c “ oice Cigars. When vou get dry 1 „ PAT WARD. «ct7;tf SAVANNAH AND MACON CARDS. c. K. OROOWR. C. r. STCmiS, A. T MACINTYRK* Savannah, Savannah, Thoinasvillc. GROOVER, STUBBS & Cos., Colton Factors —AND— General Commission Merchants, Bay Street, Savannah , Ga. BAGGING, Tie*, Rope and other supplies furnished. Also, Liberal Cash Advanc es made on Consignments for Sale or Ship ment to Liverpool or Northern Porta. oc'7;3iu • EINSTEIN, LCKMAN & CO., Wholesale and Retail Dealer. In BOOTS. SHOES, AiSD IS ATS, No. 153 Congress Street, E. Einstein, i S. H. Eokman, > Savannah, Ca. A. Vetsburg y oct7;6m A. M.SLOAN. H.SLOAN iV. M. SLOX & Cos., C O TTIt.V #’./c TO n S ./.*’/> General Commission Merchants, Clagborn & Cunningham’s Range, Bay Street, - - Savannah, Ga. R igging and Rope or Iron Ties advanced on crops. Liberal cash advances made on con signments for Sale in Savannah or on ship* menu io reliable corn snoiideut* in Liverpool, New York, .Philadelphia, or Bdlimore. Rekkrs to— Pratt A Criin, Dawson, Ga. gei 2,4 n Wit H. TIAJNa WM W GuRDuW. TISON & GOUSJON, cotton .factors —AND— General Commission Merchants, 9G Bay Street, Savannah, Ga. Bageing and Rope or Iron Tics advanced oncrnps. L bernl cavh advances made on consign ments of cotton. tiia'efnl for liberal pitionnge in the oavt, a continuance of the .. „ . m speeilullv u b - mpecil ..aa JUO. VV. o’CO:'JSM£*r Wholesale dealer in PURE WHISKIES, BRANDIES Gins, Rums, H ints, 4.C., 60 Cherry St., - - Macon, On. And sole agent lor 'he sale of that cel. bra rated brand Pure R 7 E WHISKEY “XXXX” n Maeon. All those who wish a ror« article in ihe wav of llVi iskry, Brandy , irinrs, .Ur emel Porter, can per it by calling on .liio. IV. O’Conner. He has also a tine stock of Fancv Toilet Soaps, which he offers vary SA) B’ for C*SSn. He keeps always on hand a lull and complete stock of Fniicy Groceries, Including Ot'STEtIS, Sardines. I OttSTEBS, Currants, 103 f- SI.X'S, Italian Macaroni, Pea ches. IIE.I.VS. Tomatoes, Tens, COFFEE, SCO.IBS, SI TUP, MOLASSES, Sc. FLOUR—A full stock of all G ados. •26 BOXES LEMONS—At $10.50 per Box. jy23,6m SMITH, WESCOTT 8l co„ Successors to Little, Smith k Cos., —dealers in— Saddles, Harness, Carriage Material, sis ok n.roi.ras, Abbott, Downing & Go’s (oncord Buggies and Uagous, So. 102 ClierrJ St., Macon, C»- sep2;6m n. u. anaas. li k. washbirs, a. a. adams, EatontoD, Ga. Savannah, Ga. Americas,G». ADAMS. WASHBURN I CO. factors AND — Commission Merchants, No. 3, Stoddard’s Lower Range, *rl 3'69;0m Savannah, (S Alf’3 H. Colquitt, Jamss Baohs Baker Couutv, Ga. New on, Ga. Hugh H. Colquitt, Savannah, Ga. COLQUITT & BACCS, COTTON FACTORS & GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS. B:iy street, Savannah, «a. Special attention to the sale of Cotton, Ltiuibcr and Timber. Liberal advances on Consigomeats. may6;tf F U f/.V/ T URE . A large and elegant assortment of new furniture, Os all descriptions. Parlor Suites, Bedroom Suites, Chairs, Mattresses, Bedsteads, &0., Id great variety. Also, Carpets, Oil Clo'bs, Mattings, Rugs, Mats, Window Shades, and Wall Paper, For Sale Cheap ! Please give me acall. THOMAS WOOD, Next to Lanier House, Macon, Ga. novll 3m DAWSOX, GA., THURSDAY, DECEMBER Hi, 1869. Dawson Business Directory. Dry (nooiln rtlorrliautw, KUTNER. JACOB, Dealer iu all kinds of Dry Goods, Mam street. KUT.K ER. E.. Dealer in Fancv and Staple Dry Goods, and Groceries, Bald wineold stand, J/ain Street. IOVEESS A «RirFl!», Dealers J in Staple Dry Goods and Groceries, also Warehouse and Commission J/orohunts, J/ain Street, ORR, XV . F. Dealer In Fancy and sta ple Dry Goods, Main et., under “Jour nal” Printing Office. C lt 111, A. TUCKER, Dealers in all kindsol Dry Goods and Groceries. Main Street. TJEEPEES, W. its., Dealer in Staple A and Fancy Dry Goods, Loyless’ Block, Main street. Groeery 71 vrvlm»it» AETHER, S. D., Devler in Groceries and Family Supplies. A/ain Street. IT'EETOW, J. A., Dealer in Bacon, ’ Flour, Meal and Provisions generally, at Sharpe & Brown’s old stand, Miin st. IT'ARA.EYI & MIARPE, Dealers ’ in Groceries and Provisions, opposite Public Square, Main st. / 1 REER & SITIMOJS, Grocery VI and Provision Dealets, South side Pub lic Square. HOOD, B. H., Dealer in Groceries and Famiiv supplies generally, next door to •Journal” Office, Main st. MIZEEE, R . C. & Cos. Grocery and Provision dealers. Next door to the Ho tel Haiu Street. CONFECTIONERIES. ICHARDSON, D.C. Dealer in .Confectionaries, Fisb, Oysters, &e Maiu Street. Druggitil. CtHEATIIAH, C. A., Druggist and ) Physician. Keeps a good supply ol Drugs and Medicines, and prescribes lor all the ills that (1 sh is heir to. At Lis old stand, the Red Ding Store, Main st 1* 111 SI CIAJIS. PRICE, Dr. J. AV. & SOW, Prae tieing Piiysicians. Office at Dr. Gilpin’s old stand, East side Public Square, Dawson. Watch Repairer. \ I.LIII, .1013 A P., will repair 1 V Wa ches, Clocks, Jewelry, Jfusic Books, Acco dions, Ac , always to be found at his old stand, on North eide of Public Square. Eivery Stables. I7VVIEAS'.VI, & SII IRI’Ei Sale X 1 aim Lively Stable, Horses and Mules lor sale ami hire Horses boarded. .North side Public Square. i ail or Miop. I)E.RAEY, B. I’., Cuts and makes 1 clothes ol all kiuds; old clothes repaired Next door io Gun Shop, Depot st., Dawson. TO MERCHANTS & PLANTERS OT Southwestern Oa. A\’’E would again respectfully cal! vour at II tenlion to the fact, that we are daily re ceiving our Fall S'ock of Goods, purchased by our Senior, and will sell them as low as auv respectable House in Gorgia. Our mol <» it Large Salon and Niiistl! Prof its. Our slock consists of tbe following ar ticles • Borneo Bagging, Double anchored, Kentuckv and Hemp ; also, Gunnv, in rolls, very cheap; Arrow, Wailev and Beard Ties, Balii g Twiue and Rope ; Flour, all grades, in Barrels and Sacks, including the Hiram Smith ; Sugar, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, sardines, Oysters, Pickles, Starch, Soap, So da, C»udle-q Maniocs Schnapps, Porter, Ale. Crackeis, Salt, Maple Sugar, Pipes, Cotton Cards. Tobacco, Mackerel, White Fish, Blue Fish, Roe and Magdalene Herrings, Cham pagne and California Wines, Rice, Nails, While lead, Linseed Oil, Hams, Bacon Sides and Shoulders, Long, Clear and Breakfast Bacon, Powder, shot, Lead and Caps, Pot ash. Dried Beef, Well Buckets, Tubs, Buck ets and Brooms, Mess, Prime Mess and Rump Por», Lard, Butter, Cheese, Liquors es all kinds, Imported and Domestics, Georgia Os naburgs, Yarns, Stripe* and Kerseys. Our Stock will be well kept up all the Fall and Winter. Purchasers need not fear about our not being able to fill any size bills, and we will take in payment at Jfarket price, Hides, Tallow, Beeswax, Wool, Dried Fruit. If you waut the worth of your money, don’t fail to call on us at the White Corner, 7I ACOI, Ga. Seymour , Tinsley SS Cos fepf.Bo;Bnn. DR. WM. D. LEONARD, OGTOSV, Smitnville, Lee County, Ga. I) ESPECTFGLLY tenders bis services to b the public in the trealment of all diseas es of the E Y E.' Having for some time past mid particular attention to oph thalmic si hoi:ii F% he now proposes to make the diseases of the Eve a speciality. Blindness, Dimness of vision, Cataracts, Amauiosls, Chronic It flimationa, and all other diserses of the eye treated with perfect success. All cures warranted. Ad less, DR. WM. D. LEONARD Renwick P. 0., (Simtbville.) S. W. R. R nov4;tf Lee county, Ga, jest RECEIVED! 375 barrels Chesapeake Guano! . y-ILL keep constantly on band a \A/ i aree nnanlitv of the above Fertili ,er also, the SEA I’OW’L and other G.mnos For prices, &c., eall on roe at my -“TaFARti'R. Dawson « November 4-4 m l J refc-’ident , .s .Message. Wasiiinqton, December G, p. m.— Senate and IJvuse of Representative* : In coming before yon for the first time as the Chief Magistrate of this great nation, it is with gratitude to the Giver of all good for tbe many ben. tits we enjoy. We are blessed with peace at homo without entangling alliances abroad *tD ferbode trouble With a territory unsurpassed in fertility of area—equal to the abundant support of five hundred mill.on of people, abounding in every variety of uselul mineral in quantity sufficient to sup port the world for generations, exuber ant crops, variety of climate, adapted to tbe production ol every species of earth’s riches, suited to the habits, tastes and requirements of every living thing, a population of forty millions of free people speaki.tg one language, fa cilities lor every ini&tal to acquire ed ucation, institutions closing to none the avenues to fame or any blessing of for tune that may be coveted, freedom of the puipit, press and tbe school, and revenue flowing into the National Treasury beyond the requirements of the Government. Happily harmony is being rapidly restored within our own border-; manufactures, hitherto un known in our country, are springing up in .1 stations producing a degree of initiontii independence unequalled by any other power. These blessings and countltss others are entrusted to your care and mine lor safe keeping lor a brief period of our tenure ot office. In a short time we must each of us r eturn to the ranks of the people who have conferred our honors uud account to them for our stewardship. 1 earnest ly desire that nei.her you nor I may bo condemned by our Iree and enlight erred Constitution, nor by our con sciences. Emerging lrom a rebellion of gigan tic magnitude, aided ls it was, by t e sympathies and assist nee ot nations wi.h which we were at peace Eleven States ot the Union were lour years ago left without legal State govern ments A national debt had been con tracted. American commerce was al most driven ln m the seae; the indus try of one hall the country hud been taken from trie control of tbe capital ists and placed where all labor right indy belongs io the keeping of the la borer. The work of restoring the State governments loyal to the Union, of protecting and foster ng free labor, providing means lor paying the inter est on ttie public debt has received am pie attention trom Congress. Abhugb jour efforts have n.»t met with the sue cess in all particulars jthat might have been snore succebsrtil ’than i.nrid have been reasonably anticipated. Seven bt.itcs winch J assed or dinances ol secession, Lave t een fully restored io their places in tbe U: ion The eighi (tiecrgia) held tu e.cctiou ai which she rautiod her OohstilnAoa, re publican in forur, cLcted a Governor, members of Congress, a State legisla ture and Other officers required. The Governor was installed, the Leg islature met and jertorun-d 11 ac's iheu rtqurred of them hy the ncou-lrue ion acts of Cmgr sa. Subsequently, how ever, iu \Elation of the constitution which they bad just ratified, as since decided in the Supreme Ourt of the Siate they unseated colored members us the Legislature and admitted to their seats some members wbo are disquali fied by the thiid clause of the fourteenth amendment —an article which they, themselves, had ratified. Under these circumstances, l would submit to you whether it would not be wise, without delay, to enact a law authorizing the Governor of Georgia to convene the members originally elected to the Leg islature, requiring each to take the oath prescribed hv the reconstruction acts, and noue to be aomitted who are ineli gible under that clause of the fourteenth amondm''nt. The Freedmen, under the protection which tl ey have received, are making rapid progress in learning, and no com plaints are heard of lack of industry on their part where they receive lair re muneration lor their labot. The means provided lor paying the interest on the public debt, with all other expenses of Government, are more than ample. The loss ol our commerce is only the result of the late rebellion which Las not received sufficient attention from you To this subject I call your earnest attention. I will not r.ow sug gest plaos by which this object may be effected, but will, if necessary, make it the subject of a special message du ring the session of Congress. * At the March term, Congress by a joint resolution authorised the Execu tive to order elections in the States ol Virginia, Mississippi and Texas to sub [ mit to them Constitutions which each had previously framed, and submit the i Constitutions either entire or in sepa ; rate parts to bo voted upon at the dis cretion of the Executive. Under this authority e'ections were called. In the Virginia election that took place on the bth of July, the Governor and Lieutenant Governor elected have been installed. The Legislature met and did ail required by this resolution and by ail the reconstruction acts of Congress and abstained from all doubt ful authority. I recommend that her Senators and Representatives be promptly admitted to their seats, and that the State be fully restored to its place in the family ol States Elections were called in Mississippi and Texas to commence the 30th ol November —two days in Mississippi] and four in Texas, the elections have taken place butlfce result is not known, It is hoped that the Legislatures of these States, when they meet, will bo such as to receive your approval and thus close the work of Reconstruction. Among the evils gfowiffgolft ol tbe rebellion and not yet referred to, is that of an irredeemable curr ency It is an evil which I hope will receive yotir most earnest attention. It is a duty and one of the highest duties ol the Government to secure to the citizen a medium of exchange of fixed and un varying value. This implies a return to a specie basis and no substitute, for it can oe devised should be commenced now, and reached at the earliest prac ticable momeut consistent with a fair regard to the interests of the debtor class Immediate resumption, if prue ticaLle, would not be d«sirable; it would compel the debtor class to pay beyond their contracts premium in gold at the date of their purchase and would bring bankruptcy and ruin to thous ands Fluctuation®, how ever, in paper value of the measure, ol all values gold is detrimental to the interests ol trade. It makes the man of business an invol untary gambler, for in all sahs where future payment is to be made both parties speculate as to what will be tbe vulue of currency to be paid and re ceived. I earnestly recommend to you, then, such legislation as will insure a gradual return to specie payments and put an immediate stop to fluctuation in value ol currenoy. Trie methods to secure the former of these results are numerous. As epieculators on political economy to se- ure the latter t Hee but one way and that is to authorize the Troasury to redeem its own paper at a fixed price whenever presented, and to withhold from circulation ail currency so redeemed until sold again for gold. Vast resources of tne nation, both de veloped and undeveloped, ought to make our credit the best on earth.— With a less burden ol taxation than the citizen has endured for six years past the entire public debt could be paid in ten years, but it is not desira o!e that tlie pieoplo should be taxed to pay it in that time. Year by year th* ability to pay increase in rapid ratio, but the burden ol interest ought to be reduced sis rapidly as can be without violation of contract. Toe public debt is represented in great part by bond* having from five to twenty and from ten to forty years to run, hearing in terest at a rate of six and five percent, respectively. It is optional with ttie Government to pay these bonds at any period alter the expiration of the least time mentioned upon their face. The time has already expired when a groat part may be taken up and is rapidly approaching when all inay bo. It is believed that ull-which are now due may rep’aced by b mds b aring tbe rate of interest on the note exceeding lour and a half per cent, and as r.iph:- |y »s t'ie remainder become duo that they mav be replaced in the same way. To accomplish ihi- it may be necessary to uuthci.Z.i interest l > be paid at either ut the three or four of tne money cei.- tres us Europe or by any assistant treas urir of the United States ul the option of Uie holder ot the baud l suggest this sul j'-ct for the consideration of Con gress. And also simultaneously wi h mis the propriety ol redeeming our cur n-Dcy, as before sugg sicd, at its mar ket vaiue at the time the law goes iuto effect; increasing the rale at watch cur rency will bo bought and sad front day to day or week to week at the same rate of interest as the Government pays upou its bonds. The subject of the tariff .ml in’ernal tax>l i m will necessarily receive your attention. Tba revenues ol tne country are greater than its requirements aud may, with safety, bo reduced; but the funding of the debt in four or four ind a half per cent loan, would reduce the anuuai curruut expenses largely, thus after funding justifying a greater reduc tiou of taxation Ibau would be now tx pediint. I suggest the postponement of this question uutil next meeiiog of Con gress. It may be advisable to modify taxation and tariff in instances wheie unjust or burdensume discominaiion are made by tbe present law, but a general revi.~i.iu of laws regula'iug this subject, I reccoenmeud a postponement of for tbe present. 1 also suggest the renewal of tax ou incomes but at reduced rales, say three per ceot, uud this tux to expiro m three years with '.he fundiug of the na tional debt as hero suggested. 1 feel safe iu saying that taxes and reveutie troui iropor s may be reduced safely lrum sixty to eighty uiillious per anuuui Bt once, and may be still further reduced yoir to year as the resources ot the country are developed. Toe report of the Secretary of the Treasury shows receipe of the goverumcot for the fiscal jear eodiog «Juoe JOtb, io be §*f 1 0,J 13,- 747 ■ expenditures, including interests, bwuutics, etc., to be $321,400,597. L-* limates fur the eosuiug year arc mure favorable to the government, and will no doubt show a much larger decrease of the public debt. Toe receipts to tbo Treasury beyond ex eudi'.urcs have ex ceeded (he auiouut necessary to place to the credit of the siukiog fuud as provi ded by law. To lucK up the surplus iu the Treasury aud wiihuuld it from on culauoo would lead to such a contrac tion of currency as to cripple trade and seriously affect the prosperity of the country. Uuder these circumstances the Secretary of the Treasury aud uaysell heartily con curred in tho propr.ety ..f usiug all the surplus currency in tbo Treasury to pur chase government bonds, thus reduciug tbe interest bearing indebtedness of the country, and of submitting to Congress tbo questiou of disposition to be made of bunas so purchased. Bonds now held by the Treasury amount 10 375,000,000, including those belonging to the sinking fund, i rcoommend that tbe whole be placed to the credit of the sinking fund i Your attention is rcspeotfuHy invited ! to tho recommendations of the becrota ry of the Treasury for the creation of the office of Cora til isslonef of Custom* Revenue and for the increase of the salary of certain classes of officials, and substitution of increased National limk circulation to replace outstanding three per cent, certificates, and most especial ly to bis recommendation for a repeal of laws allowing shares of fiacs, penalties, forfeitures, &c., to officers of the Gjv eroment or to informers. The office of Commissioner ot Internal Revenue is one of tbe most arduous aud responsi ble under the Government. It falls lit tle short of a cabinet position in its im port. noe and responsibilities. I would ask for it, therefore, such legislation as, in your judgment, will place the office upon a footing of dignity commensurate w th ill importance and with a charac ter and qualifioa’ions of a class of nteo tequired to fill it properly. As the United States is the freest of all nations, so too, its people sympathies with ail people struggling for liberty and solf-governraeot, but while so sym pathizing it is due to our honot that we should abstain from enforcing our views upon unwilling natious aud from taking an interested part with- ut invitation, in quarrels between different nations or between governments aud their subjects. Our cause should always be in conform tty with strio justice and law in inter national and local law. Buch bus bean the polioy of the Administration in deal ing with questions tor more than a year. A valuable proviuoe of Hpain, and a near neighbor of ours, io whom all our people cauuot but feci deep interest, has been struggling for ludepenpeDOo aud freedom. The people aud Government of tbo United States entertain tbe same warm feeling and sympathy with the people of Cuba in their pending strug gle that they maniletled throughout the previous struggle between Spain and tier former Colonies, in behalf of the lat ter, but the contest has, at no time as sured coudhious which amouut to war in the sense “f international law, or which would show the existence of a dt Jacto political orgao.z itiou of insurgents, sufficient to justify a recognition of bel ligerency. Fnucipie is maiutained, however, that this uation is its owu judge when to aco ird rights of belliger ency, either to a people struggling to free themselves from a government tu y believe to be oppressive, or to be an in dependent nation at war with each oth er. The United States have no dispo sition to mterlere with existing relations of Spain to her colonial possessions on this continent. They believe that in duo time Spain aua other European powers will find it to (heir interest to icrmiuatc j -atious and establish their p ‘ ‘ De.ueis, - as iudepend iut '* t '« ate re- garded —-T*—-rr*—transfer trom one ~i— another.— Wlieu the present relation of colonics ceases (hey are to become independent [i .wors, exercising the right of choice and of seif-control, and tbe dotermiua nou of their future condition and rela tion with other powers. The Unnel S ates, iu oidet to put a stop to blood shed iu Cuba and iu the interest* us a neighboring people, proposes its g ;od . ffijus to bring the exiotlug contest to a termination Tne offer Dot biiog ac cepted by Spaiu on a basis which wie be iuvou cuulu not be received by Cuba, was withdrawn. It is to be hoped the good offices tbe Uuited States may yet offer will prove advau’ageous for a sot ilemeut ot (bis unhappy strife. Meau while a number us illegal expeditions against Cuba have been Urukeu up. It nas been the eudeavor us tbe Aumiois liation to execute the neutrality iaw , uo matter how unpleasant ike task, made so by the suffering we have en dured from lack of like good faith to ward us by other natious. Go the. 2G b of last March the Uuited States schooner Lizzie Major was ar rested ou the high seas by a Spanish frigate and two passengers taken aud carried as prisoners to Cuba Repre sentation* of these facts were made to tbe Spauish Government and as soon as information reached Washington the two passengers were set at liberty, ard the Spanish Government assured the United States that the Captain of the trigate, iu making the capture, bad acted without law; that bo had been repri manded, and that tbe Spanish authori ties iu Cuba would not. sanction any act tuat could violate the rgbts or treat with disrespect the sovereignty of this nation. Toe queston of seizure of tbo brig Ma rt/ Lowell, at Bahama, by the Spauish authorities, is now a subject of corres pondence between this Government and Spain aud Great Britain. The Oaptain- Geocral ol Cuba, about May last, issued a proclamation authorizing tbe search ot vessels on tho high seas. Immediate reinoustrance was made against this, whereupon the Captain-General issued a uew proclamation, limiting soarch to vessels the United States authorities un- der the treaty ot 1 7 95. This prcclatuE tion, however, was immediately with drawn. I* have always felt that the most intimate relations should be ou’ni vat«*l belweeu tbe United States and in depeudout natious on ibis coutiueut. — It may be well worth considering wheib or new treaties between us and them may not be profitably entered into to secure inure intimate relations, frieudlj, commercial aud otherwise. The iutci'oceanic caDal to connect t ,e Atlautic aud Pacific oceans, through the Isthmus ot Darien, is one iu which commerce is greatly interested. In structions have been given our Minister Vo tho United States of Columbia to en deavor to obtaiu authority for a survey to determine the practicability of the undertaking. In order to comply with an agreement of the United States as to a mixed com mission at Lima for the adjustment of claims, it became Deoessary to send a commissioner and Secretary to Lima. YOU IV.—HO. 44. The good offices of the United SrsttfS; to bring about peace between Spain and tbe South American feputdics, having been accepted by Spain, Peru s,6d Chi li, a Congress has been invited ho held at Washington during the present win ter. A grant bis been given to Europeans of au ex lu*ive right of transit over the territory of Nicarauga , to which Costk Rica has iriv<*n its assent, which it is al leged conflds with vested rights of oii lsens of tbo United States. The De-* partment of S ate has now this auhjctft under consideration. The minister to Peru having made representations that there was a Slate war between Peru and Spaiu and that the government of Spain was constructing in and uear New York thirty gunboats winch might be used by Spain to lelieve the naval force at Cuba to operate against P>.ru, order* were given to proven 1 , their departure. No iu.ther step* have been taken by the repr sou'arivc of tbe Peruvian Govern* moot, to prevent the departure of these vessels, and I not feeling authorized tot detain property of a nai'no with which we are at peace on a more executive or der,the matter was referred to the courts. Tbe conduct of the war between tbe al lies and republic of Paraguay has mad* the course with that country difficult, but it hts been doomed advisable to withdraw our representative from thete. Toward ho close of the last adminis tration Convention was signed at Lon don for tne settlement of ou • anding claims between Great Britain aud the United Matos, which failed to receive the advice and cnosent es tbe Senate. Time and circumstances attending tbe negotiation of that troaty werq unfavor able 'o its acceptance by the people of tbe Uuited States, and its provision* were wholly inadequate for the settle ment of the grave wrougs sustained by this government. Injuries resulting to the United states b/ reason of the coarso adopted by Gre»t Britain during the war, in in c cosod ia es us iusurji.ee, iu tbe dimi nution ul exp >rts and im'uris aid oth er obstructions to domestic industry and production ;iu is effect upon the foreign com in rue of ihe country, in the decrease aud transf r t. Great Britain of our an rebuilt marine; in the pro longition of the war and is creased oust both in tr usuro and in Ires of it* sup pression. could i oi be adjusted and saf i-fied as ordinary C'>rum>-r-iul claims win ;b continually arise between com tnctcial nations, aud yet the Convention treated them simply as suoh ordinary olaio'S from whi h ibey and ffer more widely in .be gravity of their character jliati iu the inuguCude of their amount. Great even a- is that diff reuce, not a wold was found in the treaty and nut au iufirciue could De drawn tinni it to> remove the sense of uiifrieLdlinebS of the course of Great Briutu in nur strug gle for existence which had so deeply and so universally impressed itself up* on tbe people of this country. Believ ing that a Convention thus u iscouceived in its scope a.id inadequate iu its pro vision* would not have produced tbs hearty and cordial settlement of pend ing quesiio I, w *h alone is consistent with ihe rclatn ns wtiot. 1 desire to have firmly ustabli-hcd Oct ween tho United states and Great Britain. I regarded the action of tho Senaie in r< jectmg the treaty to hava beeu wisely taken iu tbe interest of peace and as a necessary step in the direction of a perl ct aud s udiai friendship aetwe n tho two countries. Seusinve pool-, conscious of ibrir power, are m re at ease under a gr at wrong wholly unatoned than under the resiraiut of a settlement, winch satifi s neither tbeir id.as of jus.ice nor their grave sense of the grievances they have sus ained. The r j utlou of the treaty was followed by a stale of public feeling on both sides, which 1 thought not fa vorable to au iuimedla e attempt at re- newal of negotiations. I accordingly so iußH'uc ed the Ministir if (he United Static to Gnat Britain, and found that my vic wi ) jo this regard were shared in by H.i r Magesty’s arrive when the two Gitvir,iniAuts can approach the soluiiou ot thi 8 moment ms question wi Lan ap prrciaiiuo of what is duo to the light, dignity aud honor of each, and with a duterminairon not only <o remove tbe causes ot coinplaiut in the past, but to lay tbe foundation of a btuad principle of public law which will prevent future differences, and tend to firm end con tinued peace and friendship. ibis is now tbe only grave questiou which the United Stales has wits any foreign Di tto ns. The question of renewing tbe treaty for a reciprocal trade between the Uni ted States and tbo British provinces on this continent is favorably considered. In conf-Tuiity with a recommenda tion of Congress, a proposition to abol ish mixed courts for the suppression of the slave trade is under negotiation. It having c me to my kuuwlcdge that a corporate company, organized uuder Brni-b laws, pmpiosi and to land upou the shore of the Untied States aud to ope rate there a submarine cable under a concession from tbe Emperor of tha Ereuch of an exclusive right for twenty years of telcgrapmo communication be* tween the shores of France aud tbo United States; with objectionable fea tures ot salp'Cttog all messages con veyed thereby to the scrutiny and con trol of the French government. I caused the French audß iti.-b legation* at Wa-bington to be made acquainted wi b tbe probable policy of Congress on Ibis subject as bresbaduwed by tbe biH which passed the BeDale in March lust. This drew fr*m ibe repre entatives of tbe company an agreement to accept m a basis of their operations the provis-. ions of tho bill or such other enact ment on the subject as m'ght be passed 1 during the appruuching session ot Cun gieoo- Also, to use their influence to CONTI.NUXD OH WACOXD PAGE.
