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Fitzgerald Leader.
FITZGERALD, GEORGIA.
—PUBLISHED BT—
«*» SOUNT.
Nearly 4,000,000 women, or eight-
een per cent. of all women in the
United States, were in 1390 engaged
in earning their own living in some
trade or employment.
During the last sixty-five years the
increase of population has been: In
France, eighteen per cent. ; Austria,
forty-five; Italy, forty-eight; United
Kingdom, sixty-three; Germany,
seventy-five; Russia, ninety-two ; Brit¬
ish oolonies, 510; United States, 626.
With tho great bridge across the
St. Lawrenoe at Quebeo, which the
Canadian Government proposes to
construct at a cost of $3,000,000, an¬
other bond of union between the Do¬
minion and the United States will be
added to those which commerce has
already established.
Germany is invading England upon
her own ground, and there is a loud
call in the “tight little isle” for pro¬
tection against goods “made in Ger¬
many.” The ability with which Ger¬
many has developed her industries at
home and her markets abroad is con¬
summate. Her diplomacy has even
outrivaled her technical skill.
An engineer of the far-seeing sort
proposes to utilize enormous water
powers, like Niagara Falls, to compress
air for transmission, at tremendous
pressure, through pipe lines to distant
points, there to supply power for all
sorts of purposes. Wilder things have
been dreamed of—and accomplished,
muses the American Cultivator.
Horses are valuable in Alaska. They
are driven up over the divide from the
Canadian plains, and they have to be
transported eight to sixteen miles by
water. The freight on them for this
distance is forty cents a pound, so
that a 1000-pound horse gets to be
worth $1 a pound by the time he
nears a place where he can be of good
service. A good, strong dog is valued
at $75.
The balance of trade in favor of the
United States in foreign business dur¬
ing the last eight months is about 312 J.
million dollars. The total merchan¬
dise exports for eight months, ended
February were nearly 735 millions,
compared with imports of 4224 mil¬
lions. Daring the corresponding eight
months a year ago we shipped abroad
more merchandise than we imported
by 614 millions.
It is said that every part of a shoe
can made by machinery. Indeed,
machinery is now so wonderfully made
it can do the work of mankind in the
most accurate and labor-saving way,
and man’s brain is required for direc¬
tion, at the present time, where his
fingers were formerly needed for ac¬
complishment. Every stitch and eye¬
let about a lady’s fine shoe can now be
put in by a machine.
The Boston papers are making a
crusade against water ga3 as “an ever¬
present source of danger.” An old law
prohibited the manufacture of gas
containing an excess of ten per cent,
of carbonic oxide. This law was re¬
pealed, but owing to the many deaths
which have occurred recently, through
inbailing the illuminant served out to
the good people of the Hub, there is
now a demand for its re-enactment.
Work has been begun at Philadelphia
to restore the historic Independence
Hall and the famous old structure will
be preserved as it was when it played
such a prominent part in our history
making. The front of the Hall itself
will not be altered to any great extent.
The old embellishments of lamps, lin¬
tels, etc., will be be put back and a
general renovating given. The east,
or Independence Chamber, will under¬
go a transformation. The little panels
which now incumber the east wall will
all be torn down and in their place will
uppear a dignified and classic effect.
“President McKinley’s plan for creat¬
ing a currency commission to consider
‘.he financial question, as outlined in
his inaugural address, will probably
await the regular session of Congress
next winter,” observes the New Eng¬
land Homestead. "It was President
McKinley’s intention to follow up his
tariff message with another, after the
tariff bill got through the House, re¬
commending legislation to create the
currency commission, but he i6 being
advised by Republican leaders in Con¬
gress not to press the matter before'
next winter, and is likely to yield to
this advice.” '
A SONG OF GOLDEN CURLS.
Bfay a little, golden curls—twinkling eyes of
blue;
Stay and see tho violets, for they are kin bo
you;
Linger where the frolic winds around the
gardens race, 5
Cheeks like lovely mirrors whoro the rod ro3C
seeks its face. .
“Sweet—sweet!”
All the birds are singing!
“Sweet—sweet!”
The blossom-bells are ringing;
Kisses from tho red rose—
Kisses from the white,
Kissing you good-morning
And kissing you good-night!
Stay a little, golden curls—brlghtoning eyes
of blue;
Tho violets aro listening for the lovely steps
of you;
The white rose bids you welcome, tho red
rose calls you sweet,
And the daisies spread a carpet for the fall¬
ing of your feet.
“Sweet—sweet!”
All the birds are singing;
“Sweet—sweet!”
The blossom-bells are ringing;
Kissos from the red rose—
Kisses from the white,
Kissing you good-morning
Ami kissing you good-night!
—Frank L. Stanton, in Atlanta Constitution.
“There’s Many a Slip™”
AM very sorry to
M Wwfm si i./n. have this ment, cstee ' to Mr. disappoint- and cause Neal. th you k I
SkaM®®/ y° u , ior m y° ur offer r
.SfflS -
bnt “7 l ded 8 e «
1 Sr already another.” given to
r .%! , “And that other
is—” exclaimed the
young man, almost
(.'2^' fp' involuntarily, and
without removing
his intent gaze from the girl’s beauti¬
ful face.
A vivid blush suffused Rennie’s fair
cheeks for a moment; then her lips
parted in a frank, happy laugh.
“I do not mind telling you, Mr.
Neal, since you will know so soon. I
am engaged to Roscoe Farnham.”
For tho first time Neal’s eyes
dropped away from hers; but the look
that flashed through them during that
brief interval was as quickly veiled as
he said, in tones whose slightly trem¬
ulous accent seemed quite natural
under the circumstances;
“Accept my sincere congratulations,
Miss Lawrence!”
Then with a pressure of the hand,
he was
Once outside oE the house, however,
the mask fell from his countenance.
“3o,” he hissed between his set
teeth, “Roscoe Farnham, the only
rival 1 feared, lias supplanted me!
But let him bewarET-bis apparent suc¬
cess in no way weakens the force of
my determination to win Bennie
Lawrence for my wife. Ho has a
pledge, but he has not yet the lady;
and the old adage holds good, that
‘there’s many a slip ’twixt cup and
lip.’ What luck has won, craft may
despoil him of.”
But no threatening of the secretly
vowed revenge was apparent for a
time.
The young men met each other on
apparently the most friendly terms,
and Neal had promised to be best man
at the prospective ceremony.
Calling upon Mr. Lawrence one
evening, Neal desired a private inter¬
view, at the close of which Rennie was
summoned to the library.
"My child,” said her father, with
manifest excitement; “yon have
bestowed your affections upon a man
devoid of honor or principle. Tell
her, Neal.”
“Spare me, Mr. Lawrence,” said
Neal, averting his face. “You tell
her. I will assist you if necessary. ”
Between them the story was told.
How Neal, in consequence of alleged
suspicions, had been investigating Mr.
Furnham’s antecedents, and had
learned that his love affairs in various
places were quite notorious.
That, just prior to his engagement
to Rennie, he had cruelly broken a
previous betrothal, and -finally that
his employers were even then investi¬
gating grave charges against him,
which were likely to lead to his dis¬
missal from the firm.;
“Now, my daughter,” said Mr.
Lawrence, in conclusion, “will yon
wait to bo publicly involved in this
man’s inevitable disgrace, or will you
act the part of wisdom by dismissing
him at once?”
Rennie had listened without word or
sign, but now she raised her beautiful
head proudly.
“I will do this,” she answered
quietly. “I will send him a letter by
James this very night, and by his own
answer will I judge him. If he is in¬
deed dishonorable and unworthy, no
letter that he can write, no matter
bow skillfully worded, can hide it or
disguise it from me?”
And without another word she loft
the room.
Twenty minutes later William Neal
took his leave, walked a few paces
away from the house, then returning,
concealed himself at a convenient
point and waited.
Presently a servant man emerged
from the lower part of Mr. Lawrence’s
house, followed by a rosv-cheeked
chambermaid.
"It is too bad, sending yon all the
wav down there to night,” tho girl
was saying. You could have dropped
it in the post box just a3 well.”
“Miss Rennie says it’s to go straight
to his lodgings; and if you had seen
the look on her face you would have
known she meant it,” answered James.
“I’ll be back before long, for I haven’t
got to wait for an answer.”
stafiding; ■^e moved reluctantly off notwith-
and in another moment Neal
touched him on the shoulder.
•‘Is that yon, James?’’ he called,
cheerily. '“Did I hear Mr. you Farnham’s say you
had a letter to take to
lodgings? I am going that way and
I’ll carry it if you say so, and spare
you tho walk—and* leave you that
muoh longer for courting 1” he addod,
significantly. sir,”
“Much obliged to yon, re-
plied .Tames. with nlao-
And, resigning his trust
rity, he quickly retraoed his steps to
the house, kuowing well that ho ran
no risk of betrayal from his pretty
inamorata.
For two days Rennie waited for an
answer to the letter.
On the afternoon of the third day
her father, coming home earlier than
usual, found her in a swoon upon the
floor.
“My advice is to take her some-
where,” said Neal, who had callod in
opportunely. “If you have relatives
anywhere in the country, take her
among them and remain with her nn-
til she recovers in a measure from this
sad blow.”
“But my house here—how can I
manage about that in the meantime?"
Mr. Lawrence asked, in a state of
complete bewilderment.
“You need not shut it up. With
your permission I will occupy a room
here, so that I can receive and forward
whatever mail matter comes during
your absence," Neal answered readily,
The arrangement was concluded,
and the following day Mr. Lawrence
and his daughter departed from tho
city, leaving Neal in possession of the
house.
Of tho letters that came, he for-
warded all but two, which after hav-
ing been carefully steamed open and
perused with evident satisfaction,were
sealed up, enclosed in other envelopes,
and returned to the sender.
At Neal’s urgent suggestion, Mr.
Lawrence’s absence was prolonged which
from three months to five, by
time he felt they could be safely re-
called—ho having learned that Farn-
ham was preparing for a business trip
to Europe, expecting to be absent
two years
“ihat will do,” he ejaculated,
“Long l efore he returns Rennie Law-
renee will be my wife.”
When the heart-broken girl re-
turned, Neal was the first to meet her,
and become her very shadow, offering
no word either of confidence or love,
but rendering the thousand little at-
tentions which sooner or later win
their way.
For a while he used his influence to
keep her from society, for the purpose
of avoiding any chance meeting with
Farnham, who was still in the city;
but s’ at last he decided upon attending
concert at which some celebrities
were to appear, having been informed
that tho snip on which Roscoe had
taken passage would sail early in the
afternoon.
ft required considerable importun-
ing on his part to induce Rennie tb
accept his escoit or iudnk-e in any
recreation of the kind; but she yielded
at last, and Neal felt that he had
scored his second move in the game he
was playing. him, list-
For a while she sat beside
Jessly indifferent alike to tho concert
nnd his occasional whispered remarks,
Neal was searching Rennie’s face with
an expression of triumphant adraira-
tion, overcast, nevertheless, with a
shade of anxiety, while the girl wore
an absent-minded, far-away look,
tinged with hopeless melancholy.
But after a while some o£ the music
seemed to arouse her attention and in-
terest, and she listened breathlessly to
the song in which the singer, a tenor
of rare power and sweetness, was
throwing all the strength of artistic
skill and appreciation, bringing out its
subtle sentiment with a power and
pathos that stirred the tenderest emo-
tions of her heart.
And not less deeply concerned, but
in a widely different sense, was William
Neal. He saw that the whole tendency
of tho programme thus far was to lead
her thoughts furthor away from him
and back to the past from which he
wished to draw her entirely; and he
watched her intent face with a furtive
uneasiness and perturbation, conscious
that he had made a grave mistake.
Finally, a the curtain fell at the close
of the first part, to be followed by a
short interval, Neal rose with evident
relief.
“I see a friend in another part of
the house to whom 1 wish to speak, if
you will excuse me for a moment,” he
said. Then with a forced laugh : “I
hope they will give ns something a
little more cheerful in tho remaining
numbers of the programme. This
high-strung sentiment is rather too
rarified for actual every-day oxperi-
ence »
Ho turned away without waiting for
an answer; and Rennie was sitting
with her head bowed, and her eyes
full of tears, when a step sounded
near her, and a voice—vibrating with
earnest pathos, sincerity and grief—
said :
“May I sit hero and talk with you
for a lew moments? May I, Miss Law¬
rence?” and lifting her head with a
sudden start, she looked into the frank
but troubled face of Roscoe Farnham.
Where was doubt, mistrust, sus¬
picion now?
Gone, before the whisperings of
that truer voice, whose accents no
heart could mistake or disbelieve—
that voice that bade him Welcome to
her side.
“I thought you had gone to Eu¬
rope,” she faltered, scarcely knowing
what she said. “Mr. Neal”—then sho
stopped abruptly.
“Mr. Neal told you so,” supple¬
mented Roscoe, with involuntary bit¬
terness. “Perhaps it may prove to be
not the first misrepresentation for
which I am indebted to Mr. Nefil. ”
Then, with a quick movement drawing
a letter from,his pocket; “Tell me,
Rennie, what does this mean? Did
this indeed come from you? It seems
impossible, and yet the writing is
yours.”
Mechanically Rennie took the letter
ho offered.
A glance at the address brought an
expression oE astonishment to her
face. Then taking out the enclosed
sheet she read it to the end.
“The writing is not mine,” she
said, trembling violently. “It is a
clever forgery, I admit; but I never
saw this letter before. I did write yon
on that date, but I did not direct it to
that address, for I did not know you
were out of tho city.”
“Thank Heaven!” ejaculated Ros-
ooe fervently; then, more earnestly:
“Rennie, it is William Neal. But as
I looked at you both to-night from
where I sat, I read admiration and
triumph in Real’s face, but neither
love nor interest in yours; and in
spite of all that had passed, my heart
gave a sudden bound of renewed hope
and courage. So when Neal left you
jnst now, I resolved to avail myself of
the first opportunity I had found to
approach you since the receipt of that
cruel letter. I am convinced that
there has been some terrible wrong—
some shameful treachery. Tell me,
did you see Neal the day this letter
was written?”
For answer Rennie related briefly
as possible what she know of the wholo
matter.
“Neal knew that I was called away
from the city by a telegram that very
evening,” said Roscoe. “He accom-
panied me to the cars, and received a
message from me to you, with the
promise to writo in a day or two—I
expecting to be absent for about three
weeks. He evidently thought that
w °u ,d give him time for his sinister
work; and having heard yon make
the declaration that you would send a
letter and let me witness for myself,
he doubtless contrived, by bribing the
servant, or in some other way, to ob-
^in possession of the letter, and lmi-
tated your handwriting in preparing
this one-a very clever forgery,
“During the period you were nb-
sent, I wrote twice, begging you to
explain that "strange letter. Those
letters were returned unopened—see,
here are—we con guess now by
whom. Never mind, darling,” he
added quickly, as he saw her turn
deadly pale, “it is all right now, I
hope. I will furnish your father any
credentials he may require in refer-
ence to my business and social stand-
mg; as for Mr. Neal, his character is
pretty thoroughly established. But
Ree, they are preparing to go on with
the entertainment.
“1 will just add that I would have
been on the ocean to-night, but for an
accident to the machinery ol tbs
vessel; and having nothing better to
do, f concluded to attend this con¬
cert, which proved, after all, tho very
best thing 1 could have done. My
sailing will be delayed for a week, and
a great deal can bo done in that time,
To-morrow I will call upon your father
and invit$ him to accompany us—you
and I. Rennie—when wo do go on ouk
I?”
One glad, grateful, joyous look
answered him; and as ho pressed her
bund at parting, a step at his side
announced the return of William
Neal.
A dark frown overspread Neal’s face
as their eyes met; but with a quiet
bow Roscoe Farnham passed him and
returned to his seat,
“Take me home, please 1” were Ren-
bie s first words to her esoort. “I feel
unable to remain any longer.”
"Without comment, Neal obeyed.
The carriage was called, and a short
time later Rennie was at her own
house.
“Good night!” she said, quietly,
without offering her hand; and the
next moment William Neal was stand-
ing outside the door, alone, in a very
bewildered frame of mind, and in¬
wardly cursing the imprudence that
permitted him to leave her for a single
moment unguarded in a public place,
Just what mischief had been done ho
could not determine; there was no help
for it but to wait and see.
His enlightenment came very soon
in tho form of a brief note from Ren-
nie, informing him that their acquaiut-
anco was at an end absolutely and for-
ever.
Roscoe Farnham called the next day,
had a long interview with Mr. Law-
rence and a longer one with his daugh-
ter, at the close of which Rennie
whispered, as he kissed her for a brief
g° od hy:
us forgive . him, Roscoe, for he
dld 118 one S ood J urn m prevailing up-
ou me l °8° to that concert. If I had
remained at , home, as 1 wanted to,
7°" would ha ™ left tbe city without
ttn opportunity for an explanation and
176 stl0 " ld hav ®, mlssed our llfe 8 hft P-
prness forever.
“ ‘There s many a slip twixt the cup
and hp,”’ laughed Rcscoe, nneon-
scious that lie was quoting the very
expression his rival had used. But
the slip was not ours this time, darling
—and so we will forgive him. Dublin
't oil'd,
A Costly Clock.
Baron Ferdinand Rothschild pos¬
sesses an old “grandfather’s” clock
that originally cost over $150,000.
The mechanism records the day o£ the
week, months of the year, tho phases
of the moon and strikes each hour.
The quarters are chimed with a differ¬
ent bell, and (a rare thing with these
clocks) it has a second hand. The case
was made by Wertheimer and stands
fourteen feet high. It was originally
the property of Louis XVi.
Romanes of Czar arid Czarina.
Russians have a popular version of
the Czar’s proposal .to the Czarina.
When the young Czarowitz popped the
question he said: “The Emperor, my
iather, has commanded me to make
you the offer of my hand nnd heart. ”
To which Princess Alix of Hesse re¬
sponded; “And my grandmother,
Queen Victoria, has commanded me
to accept the offer of your hand; your
heart 1 will take myself.” And thus
the royal troth was plighted.
i'A m 9
. \ Ja
5? *S - i
7?
OATS FOR TREE BOOTS.
In planting trees put in one peck of
oats at tho roots before filling in the
dirt. They will draw moisture for the
roots until the tree has started to
grow.
EXTItA FEEDING TWIN LAMBS.
Not long ago a farmer remarked that
ho did not see muoh advantage, in hav¬
ing ewes that bred twine. . The extra
lamb, he remarked, took part of the
food needed for one after the seoond
week, and caused both to be second
class, and perhaps not worth more
than one iu prime condition. No
doubt this estimate was correct so far
as his experience went, but it simply
showed that the farmer was not alive
to the opportunities which twin lambs
gave him. All lambs should bo fed
something besides their mother’s milk
after they are two weeks old. In the
case of twin lumbs this is especially
necessary. At first tho feed should bo
of the simplest character and not of a
kind to tempt the appetite. A small
wisp of clover hay, all tho better if of
second-growth clover, is enough greed¬ to
begin with. When this is eaten
ily, ns it probably will be, and after a
few days a gill of whole oats per day,
given half at morning and half at
night. To this may be added after
nwhile a teaspoonful and ultimately a
tablespoonful of oil meal per day.
When this is eaten without injury add
to the clover hay ration all the lamb
will eat clean. In this way, with the
addition of its mother's milk, two
lambs from a ewe can be grown with
better results than one Iamb can which
depends only on its mother’s milk and
what hay it can pick up while running
with its dam. What is more, twin
lambs thus reared will make thrifty
sheep, and will be good fe'eders all
their lives because at no time has their
digestion been injured by being
starved or stinted in their food.
MILKING.
If money is to be made from cows it
is essential that they be milked at reg¬
ular hours morning or evening, says
the Patron’s Bulletin, and the nearer
the time is divided equally the better
it is.
It is also advisable to milk them in
the same order every time ; it prevents
them from fretting. Personally I have
found no satisfactory result nnies3 1
managed to make friends with the
cow, or, if you please, induced h,er to
took me calf!”
While pure iood and water are essen-
full to the production of perfect milk,
it has been proven that many of the
taints which we thought were intro¬
duced in the milk while it is elaborated
in the cow are due to direct contami¬
nation from the duet of dried urine
and excrements as well as of the fod¬
der itself in the stable. When the cow
converts the food into blood and then
into milk, most, if not all, of the im-
puritiesare separated in that wonderful
filter—the kidneys—and the germs are
found not in the milk but in the urine
and excrements. A healthy cow fed
clean and healthy fodder and water
will always produce perfect milk. We
have been fooled, as, for instance, by
the fact that milk from cows fed on
turnips had a turnipy flavor, but care¬
ful experiments have shown that this
flavor was produced by a bacterium
found on the turnips and in the excre¬
ments and introduced in the milk di¬
rectly by dust falling into it while
milking in a stable where turnips wore
fed while milking or shortly after, or
where the excrements had a chance to
dry and float as dust in the air.
These facts make it clear that we
should not feed the cows while milk¬
ing, and should not clean the stable
just before milking, as the dust then
raised may drop in the milk. Nor
should we keep a stock of such fodder
in the stable.
Of course there are certain weeds,
such as leeks, rag weed, etc., which
will taint the milk as produced in the
cow, and too much of certain food will
aflect the milk in various ways. Thus
more than two pounds of linseed meal
per cow will make the butter soft, and
so will rape-seed and peanut meal,
while more than two or three pounds
of cotton-seed meal will make it hard
and like stearine.
CONSERVATION OF SOIL MOISTURE.
In the discussion of subsoiiing, tho
statement has often been made that
porous sandy land is injured more
than benefited by deep stirring, writes
Professor J. L. Rudd, Iowa. This is
undoubtedly true, but the best coils
for horticultural uses iu the prairie
states are those with a large mixture
of clay, which pack readily under the
pressure of the plow and the tread of
tho horses in the furrow. A well de¬
fined crust is formed at the bottom of
the furrow, which holds the water of
heavy rains, forming little rivulets
1hat not only carry off tho moisture
but tons of tho very finest nnd best
soil particles. Even the favored Loess
soils of Iowa soon show this crust un¬
der the plow.
A peculiarity of western climate is a
lessening of orchard and garden yield
by a shortage of earth moisture when
the crop is maturing. During the
past four years premature dropping
and ripening of apples'wae the result
of too little water in the lowei levels
reached by the feeding roots. As
orchard fruits do best onlhigh lands,
with more or less slope the drain¬
age, the loss from surl^ ? raiuago of
water is more apparent Wan on those
places nearly level. In a dozen places
ccming under the writer’s observa¬
tion, crops of fruit and grains hove
grown during the past four years on
hilly slopes, part of tho land being
subsoiled and part given common
plowing. Ou the subsoiled part not
trace of water gullying could be found,
nor was any loss of fine earth
apparent. On this part the fruit
larger, smoother, later in 'A
and not subject to premature
ping. In corn, oats and other j
tho gain in quantity and qualify J
equally apparent. In the comL
plowing by its side, after every
falling shower,little gullies were
where seen, carrying off water
the subsoil needed and also the richest
part of the soil. At harvest the les-
sening in size nnd yield of fruit and
Rrain was easily apparent. Iu the
nursery during the same period, root
grafts of the apple, pear, cherry subsoifa|tek and
plum planted in deeply ilS
trenches grew into healthy trees, vi , w
moisture ever present under the dust
mulch of cultivation. On the other
hand, root grafts planted with tho
dibble or common plowing showed a
poor stand, slow growth and more
than the usual amount of leaf curl and
blight. This trenching under the
rows seems in practice to give quite as
favorable results as breaking the crust
over the entire surface.
In preparing for orchard planting,
harrow tho field smoothly, run the
lifter or subsoiler where the row is to
be set and to a distance of four feet
on each side. This gives a mollow
bed to the depth of usual planting,
into which the water from rains will
flow to wet the subsoil and by Eveh seepage
the whole orchard surface. on
relatively flat land, where it is re¬
garded best to ridge up the rows for
surface drainage, subsoiling in the
lines of the rows is far better than to
dig hills into the compact earth. In
fields subsoiling for strawberry plant¬
ing or for any small fruits, it is best
to harrow smoothly and then run the
subsoiler from the surface down at
least fourteen inches under the row
and at intervals of eighteen inches
apart over the wholo surface.
PLANT l’ODIt TitEES IN AUTUMN.
All fruit trees, except the peach and
all the small fruits except the black¬
cap raspberry are best planted in tho
autumn, and the earlier alter the
leaves fall, tho better. The advan¬
tages of fall planting may be summed
as follows:
1. Nurserymen have fuller,and bet¬
ter stocks of trees in the autumn
when the sales begin. The best are
sold first, and later orders are filled
with the material which remains on
hand. Sometimes it is impossible to
have an order for certain varieties
filled in the spring, all of that stock
being sold. There is frequently ob-
served a marked superiority in stock
received in the faii.
2. It trees are properly planted in
the early autumn almost every one is
sure to live and thrive the next sea¬
son, while of those planted in the
spring a considerable per cent, will
die the first year. The explanation is
that during the warm days of autumn
the trees become established in their
new locations. Having no leaves they
do not nted moisture as they do in the
spring. The earth becomes com¬
pacted about the roots, which form
cailusses over the cut and torn ends,
and even begin to emit small rootlets
before the winter sets in, so that on
the eafkest warm days of spring the
yoqug orchard is ready to start off to
make a full growth..
3. Another reason for fall planting
is that the nurserymen then have more
time to dig aud pack the trees, and
there is less liability of errors, which
are very provoking when discovered
after the lapse of eight or ten years
when tho tree begins to fruit. The
planter,too, has more time to properly
do the work o£ planting, so that all
orchards planted in tho autumn have
a better chance of succeeding.
Strictly firrft-class trees and vines
should always be purchased, Other
qualities may live, but they will gener¬
ally come to bearing so far behind
first-class stock that more will be lost
than is gained. To illustrate this:
Some years ago the writer pnrehased
a thousand third-class currant bushes.
They nearly all grew, but failed to-
fruit the second and third years with
any degree of profit, so that the loss
was considerable. ! o with pear and
apple trees of the second-class more
will die and the remainder will be-
longer in coming- into bearing.
Nurserymen often advocate the-
planting o£ very young trees. • This
will do if the trees are to have garden,
culture, but where trees are to be
planted iu an orchard and will reooive
only ordinary care the larger tree,
three or four years old, will stand
much the better chance of living and
ea rly fruiting. Always order straight,
thrifty, clean and healthy stock from
the nursery, and insist that it be
trunranteed free from all insect and
fungus diseases.
Alter the trees are planted pull the
earth up around each one to support
it against the winter winds, in ex¬
ceptionally windy places it may be
advisable to stake each tree, but
orchards should not be planted in such
locations, ior the fruit will stand but
little chance of remaining upon the
trees to maturity.—New York Trib¬
une.
Parisian ragpickers earn $6,000,000
i year.