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New Wash Skirts
JUST received by express, new line of Wash Skirts
made of Pique, Beachcloth and Gabardene, the “last
word” in Skirts - - . . 98c to $2.98
Genuine Palm Beach Skirts, fana™ $2.98 and 3-48
Beautiful line of Jap Silk Waists - - $l.OO
I . i LADIES--- An agreeable surprise in prices await you in our Millinery Department - - |
' o s ' Oxfords and Pumps, Ladies’, Childrens’ and
Full Line of white and Palm Beach {or 44, Pumps. Ladi .
BASED ON WORD ‘OR'
RAILROAD LAWYERS BE
LIEVE LEGAL AMOUNT
OF ALL THREE KINDS
MAY BE SHIPPED.
Savanah, May 22—The decis
ion of Attorneys Lawton and
Cunningham, counsel for the
Central of Georgia railway, in
constraing the Georgia prohibi
tion law contraty to the opinion
of Awtorneyy General Clifford
Walker, hinges the entire ques
tion on the little word “or.”
Lawton & Cunningham have
advised the traffic department of
the road to accept for sHipment
not only one lot of the Ilegal
amount of all three—vinous, malt
or spirituous.
The decision quotes abstracts
from the law governing the ship
ment of liquor into the state,
which is as follows:
“First. More than one gallon
of vinous liquors, or.
“Second. More than six gallons,
forty-eight pints, of malted liqu
ors or fermented liquors, such as
beer, larger beer, ale, porter ori
other similar fermented or intox
icating or spirituous liquors, eith
er in bottles or other receptacles,
or ‘
“Three. More than two quarts
of spirituoms liquors or other in
toxicating liquors or other pro
hibited liquors beyond those |
named in subdivision one and t\\’n'
above.”
The decision held thag whether
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Are You Wasting The Price
® ®
| Of a Titan Engine?
L ! [ ITAN engines run on kerosene.
? Average cost of gasoline so far this year,
i 16.9 cents per gallon.
Average cost of kerosene 7.7 cents per gallon.
| Gasoline costs over 100 per cent more than kero
. sene. Gasoline is going up steadily. Kerosene is not.
At present fuel prices Titan engines, using kero
sene, save their owners about 1.1 cents per horse power
per hour.
, Are you running a gasoline engine ? What horse power is
%1 it? Figure what you'd be saving if you had a Titan kerosene
i engine. Rather surprising, isn’tit? How long would it take
: that saving to pay for a Titan engine of the sz%x}e size?
% International Harvester Company of America
: Titan kerosene ex;ghu are sold by
Johnson Hardware Co., Fitzgerald, Ga.
z&"&-we"a i
Best Union Made Over
alls, - $l.OO
the word “or” relates to the quan
tity of each kind of liquor or sim
ply to the kind of liquor is impos
sible to be ascertained by reading
the law, bit that in such a case it
should be construed in the favor
of the citizens of the state. .
The attorneys compare the
wording of the law with that of
the Bonner bill of Alabama, from
which the Georgia law was draft
ed. The section of the Bonner
bill sets forth the case clearly in
dealing with the matter. Of
whether or not the Georgia legis
lature intended that citiens of
Georgia should confine their
drinking to one kind of liquor for
a period of thirty days the opin
ion reads:
The prohibition aet expressly
provides that nothing in the act
shall affect the social serving of
such liquors and beverages in pri
vate residences in ordinary social
intercourses. Inasmuch as lig
uwors cannot be kept or used in
any place but a private residence
for social purposes we do not be
lieve that the Georgia legislature
intended that any one person
should be confined to drinking
for a period of thirty days noth
ing but whisky or nothing but
beer or nothing but wine. The
rational interpretation of the act
is. as the liquers were to be used
for social purposes only in pri
vate residences, that a person
might within a period of thirty
days, have all the three kinds of
liquor specified, but no more than
the quantity of each kind desig
nated in the act.”
GASOLINE ENGINE FOR SALE
One two-horse gasoline engine in
good condition, second-hand, cheap
Apply Leader-Enterprise.
THE LEADER ENTERPRISE AND ‘PRESS, WEDNESDAY, MAY 24, 1916,
e ——— e 2 &
Uses and Abuses of Fertilizers
By Prof, R. J. H. De Loach, Director of Georgia Experiment Station,
L R —— ———————————————
2. INTELLIGENT USE OF FERTILIZERS IN GERMANY.
The 'Secafid- of a Series of Six Articles.
All state institutions have fostered the fertilizer trade since its origin
in the early fifties. State organiz‘ations of all kinds l‘aave taken a lively
part in the buildihg up of the trade, and in later years the states -have taken
it for granted that the trade is profitable to farmers and merchants alike,
and have therefore framed laws to regulate its manufacture and sale. In
every state where fertilizer is sold in appreciable quantities laws have been
passed exacting certain requirements of the manufacturer, as to analyses,
grades, etc. Besides the trade, over-ambitious, might forget its obligation to
the consumer and offer for ‘sale inferior material under the name of fer
tilizers. We may say without fear of successful contradiction that the
states themselves are largely responsible for the rise and volume of the
fertilizer trade. =
It has long been recognized that Germany leads the world>in many
lines of science. This is perhaps true in regard to the use of fertilizers in
early years. Germany discovered that mineral® salts applied to growing
crops increased the yields immensely, and gave time and study to the under
lying causes, and has suggested to the other parts of the world many valu
zble lessons on her findings. Von Liebig, through his studies and lec
tures on modern‘agriculture, has made known much of the werk of Germany
in the early history of the use of commercial fertilizers. Liebig says that
Kuhlman, a German agricultural scientist, applied salammoniae to a meadow
in the yefirs 1845 and 1846, and found that on a hectare (2% acres) he gath
ered B,l4o“pouhds of hay more than on the same kind of meadow where he
did not use the salammoniac. He secured this result by using about 200
pounds of salammpniac to the acre. ‘wag
In cemmenting upon this Von Liebig has the following to say: “It is
quite certain, tlrgt in the action of the guano, which produced the crop next
highest¥after the Chili saltpeter, an unmistakable part was played by the
ammonia contained in it. On the other hand, howevpr, the experiments
with carbonate and nitrate of ammonia show that, a quantity of ammonia,
or nitrogen, equivalent to that in 20 pounds of guano and employed under
the same conditions, was almost without effect.” I
Fertilizer Experiments In Germany.
A little further along he says: “The most recent ‘observ.at-ions on the
comportment 'of the soil towards the food of plants show how slight is the
knowledge we possess of their mode of nourishment*and of the part which
the soil, by its physical condition, plays in it. The comportment of the
salts of ammonia, of \chloride of sodium, and of nitrate of soda\ towards
the earthly phesphatés in the 80il, may perhaps assist us®in “throwing
some light en their action, or one of their actions, on the growth of plants.”
This statement was made because”’it was always'}found'that when common
salt *was added™to certain .mineral manures, greater yield was obtained,
and Von Liebig came to the conclusion that this was due to the relation of
this added mater,ial\to the liberation of potash i the soils. _
Only a short time after the war between the states the German pot
ash beds were discovéred and by rapid leaps and bounds this material gained
in favor with plant:‘rs as well as experimenters. The necessity: for find
ing a"».combina‘tion to liberate the potash in the soils was now removed
and thomuglflsmisl‘actidn was, found in the use of the nitrate of soda and
the potash sdlts, and ‘Mere th(;.'industry stood for a long time. Liebig does
claim, however, that Yribasie phosphate oF ilime crept into the formula and
was found efficient. _This fact is,very significant amd happened ,to be dis
covered by a constant study of the use of the “nitrate of soda and potash
sa,lt‘s. (‘Liefvig gho‘ught'lhat these two plant food materials had the power‘
of dissolving ph()sphor_ie acid in the form of earthly phosphates, and these
in tupn added greatly to the yield of farm crops.
Germany’s Crop Yields Greater Than Other Nations,
W‘e have here many hints ot,\\;hat afterwards reaMy developed to be
facts—namely that the three great ‘elements of plant food that should be
applied to the soil for good crop yields are phosphoric acid, ammonia and
potash. For many years these three elements have been the essential
elements of plant food in a fertilizer fermula.
Today Germany applies more mineral salts per acre. to her crops than
any othertnation in the world, and partly as a consequence gets higher
vields of farm crops “than any other nation. It is significant that these
two faets ave so:ciosexl\y related, but it must be remembered that Germanyi
has learned the lesson of good tillage—deep plowing, the proper use of |
vegetable matter in the soil, and the dangerous practice of continuous
cropping with any single crop. It is also to be remembered that the lands |
on which the most money can be cleared without any kinds of tertilizers‘
are the lands that will give gr‘éatest profits with fertilizers.
DON'T BEAT WIFE EVEN
SHOULD SHE POINT A
GATTLING GUN AT YOU
Alanta, Ga,; May 22
“If a woman should point a
gattling gun at her husband he
has no right to beat her,” ruled
Judge L. Z. Rosser, Jr., in the
municipal court Friday morning.
“I don’t believe in this woman
beating. Perking iy bound over
to the city court under a $3O bond
for wife beating.”
\W. F. Perkins, of Julian street,
mill district, has appeared in court
for the third time as the result of
family défficulties. This time Mrs.
Perkins charged her husband
with wife beating and in addition
brought peace warrant proceed
ings, the latter on the allegation
that her husband had threatened
to stick a hat pin over her heart
and again declared he would co
caine her. The peace warrant
wag dismissed after both sides
were heard. I
G ‘ € o |
e SELES AT FOR - L ESS .
(14 P 99 :
New “Kool Kloth” Suits
PALM BEACH and ‘Kool Kloth” Suits for Men, in
solid color or fancy mixtures. Made Plain or
“THch Back:' - - 5 - $4.98 te $8.50
Genuine Palm Beach Trousers, Dark or
Light Colors - - = - - $298
Everybody
: Reads
) Our
,Advertisements
$350,000.00 TO LOAN
On Ben Hill, Irwin & Wilcox Counties
FARM LANDS
Money on hand and no delay
in making loans.
I assure you prompt and effi
cient service.
Liberal Terms and Reasonable Rates.
CLAYTON JAY
FITZGERALD, GA.
Get Your Profit-Sharing
Coupons---They are
C Y dlehe ‘
IN REFUSING TO SELL IT
PROTECTS DEALERS. A
VERDICT IN FAVOR OF
SQUARE DEALING.
“It is because we believe in an
absolutely square deal for the au
tomobile supply houses,” sayg an
official of The B. F. Goodrich
Company in am explanation of
th victory recently won in the
United States District Court in
Cleveland over the Automobile
Co-Operative Association . of
America.
“THere are 75,000 of these sup
ply Whuses throughout the coun
try. If we sold the various con
sumers’ leagues at our jobbing
price, and if other tire companies
did the same, it would result in
putting out of business a tremen
dous number of our prosperous
merchants who have invested
heavily in the automobile supply
business. This would, in the end,
be a misfortune, not only to the
individual dealer, but would hurt
cvery man whe owns and oper
ates a car.
“If you own a car yourself or if
any of your friends own a car and
you take your wives and children
out for an all-day outing, one of
the contributing factorg of your
pleasure is the knowledge that al
most anywhere along the road, if
you ran out of gas, or if you had
a blowout, or if you need various
little supplieg or assistance of any
kind, you can drop into a country
garage: or a little supply house
and get fixed up so that you will
be able to continue your way re
joicing.
’ These dealers througho the
country, who make auto touring
a pleasure are not making enough
out of the sale of any one article
to make a living. They must
make their profits in selling a lit
tle of this and a little of that, If
you take away from this dealer
his earnings on tireg and accesso
ries the chamces are that 95 per
cent of them would be forced out
of business, and yet the man who
joins a consumers’ league doesn’t
Stop to eonsider that in so doing
he is really knocking the man who
makes a long automobile” trip a
pleasure and a possibility for him..
“The significance of our vic.
tory is the fact that we are say-.
ing for the ultimate benefit of the
consumer even despite the desire
of a very large body of these samel
consumers. A
“In connection with this vic
tory, the following letter sent out
by the B. F. Goodrich Company
to their dealery is interesting :
Suit of Importance to Dealers.
On March 13, 1916, there end
ed in the United States District
Court, of Cleveland, Ohio, a trial
which hag lasted for three: weeks,
and is of vital interest to the deal
ers throughout the country,
The suit was one brought by a
consumers’ league known as the
Automobile Co-operative . Associ
ation of America, which was or
ganized in New York in 1908 and
went out of businesg in 1911, The
suit was against The B. F. Good
rich Company, the Diamond Rub
ber Company, the Firestone Tire
and Rubber ompany, The Repub-l
lic Rubber Company, and the U.
S. Tire Company.
The consumers’ league—the
plaintiffi—complained that these
companies had refused to sell
tires to it at dealers’ prices; that
such refusal was the result of a
combined action or conspiracy on
the part of these companies, and
that the result of said conspiracy
had been to cause this consumers’
league to fail in business. The
suit wag brought for $450,000.00
'damages under the Sherman Asti-
Trust Law.
At the conclusion of the plain
tiff’s opening proofs, &he Fire
stone Rubber Company and the
U. S. Tire Company were, by the
direction of the Court, dropped
out of the case.
The fight was continued by the
Goodrich, Diamond, and Repub
lic Companies.
It appeared from the evidence
thereafter tak¢y:—consisting of
testimony of a number of promi
nent dealers and of officers and
branch managers of the tire com
panies—that the Goodrich Com
pany had always consistently re
fused to sell to clubs, consumers’
leagues and kindred organizations
at dealers’ prices, recognizing
that to do so would be unfair to,
and would undermine the busi
nesg of the legitimate dealers. -
Though the court at the_con
clusion of the evidence, decided—
and subsequently so charged the
jury—that no damages were pro
ven or could be recovered even if
the defendants were guilty under
the Sherman Law, the defendants
were unwilling to stop, but desir
ed to have the propriety of their
acts passed upon. The matter
was one of principle to us.
So the case was argued before
_the juiy which has now brought
In a verdict completely in favor
of the defendants,
The Court, in its charge to'the
jury, pointed out that the reason
stated by he defendants for mot
seling to the plaintiffs at deal
ers’ prices was that “they were
forced to decide between two al
ternatives—to deal with the co
operative lagues, such as the
plaintiff wag assumed to be, and
lose the business of the regular
dealers, or to say ‘we will not deal
with the co-operative leagues and
we will keep the favor - and the
support of the regular dealers, ’
Further, the Court said :
“If the plaintiff was not entitled
to the consideration accorded to,
and received by, regular retail
dealers in the ordinary course of
trade, then to refuse to deal with
them as regular retail dealers
Was uw restrain of trade.“
Again the court said that the
jury would have to ask itself this
question, namely :
“Was there any -necessity for
Mr. Raymond, representing the
‘Goodrich Company, with its
standing in the trade, to appeal to
other tire makers to join with it
in such an agreement against this
corporation? Was there any bene
fit to accrue to the Goodrich
company to do this sort of thing'?”
And the jury decided in faver
of the defendants,
The Goodrich Company wil
continue with ijtg uniform and
long-established policy, which
has been and is and wiJ] be to pro
tect its dealers, and refuse to sell
at dealers’ prices to consumers
under whatever form of associa
tion they may be banded toge
ther, 4