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THE MACON TELEGRAPH: SUNDAY MORNING, DECEMBER ir, tgof,
Balloonist Rides out Awful Storm
and Drops Into Arms of Savages
Has Thrilling Experience With South African Natives
I have had many singular experi
ences in ballooning during the quarter
of a century I have been in that busi
ness, but undoubtedly the most re-
m&rkable of all was that I* had in
South Africa about 12 years ago. On
this occasion I irwde an ascent it om
the center of a' 1 *civilized community
with wealth, refinement and modern
progress evidenced cn every side, and
a few hours later was the captive of a
tribe of savages In the heart of a
wilderness comparatively, remote from
all signs of white mankihd.
Immediately following my second
successful European tour, on which I
made • ascensions in every large city
on the continent, I was engaged by a
firm of enterprising promoters for a
series of balloon ascensions and para
chute. Jumps in South Africa, which
at that time was booming along on
the crest of a wave of unprecedented
prosperity, and. the financial returns
from such an amusement venture as
mine promised to be large. My first
stop was at Cape Town, the next Dur
ban and the third Johannesburg. Ir
the first two towns my ascension^ and
parachute Jumps passed off without
anything extraordinary occurring, but
from the beginning of my attempts
Johannesburg was 1 a veritable- Jonah
to me. On-the day of my first adver
tised performance my balloon was so
bady injured, either by accident or
design, I never cSuld leaYn, Which, a
few hours before the time set. for the
ascension, that I was obliged to defer
it until the next day in order to give
me time for repairs. The second dAy
I did not think it wise to go up in the
balloon owing to unfavorable weather
conditions, and the second failure
caused so much sarcastic public com
ment as to the possibility of my ever
going up that I came otit with an an
nouncement the following morning
that an ascension would be made at 3
o'clock in the afternoon of that day
unc^er any circumstances. It Is never
an entirely wise thing to do, making
such an announcement os that, but
my professional pride was aroused,
and I determined to go up even though
the possibility of being dashed to the
ground by high winds was clearly ap
parent.
A heavy rain prevailed during the
morning, but about 1 o'clock this
ceased, though the atmospherelc con
ditions seemed to presage another
storm. As the time drew near for th#
ascension the otulook was most dis
couraging for a successful trip, but
I had meant every word of my an
nouncement, and was resolved to go
up. At 3 o'clock a heavy storm was
undoubtedly Imminent; but as the
hands of the clock pointed to'the hour
1 swung Into the basket and before an
immense throng' the ropes were cut
and I shot up into the air. I'went lip
like a rocket for about 800 feet, where
the balloon was caught in a strong
upper current and begkn ter hail‘i)Qrtlf T
ward at a rate of probably twenty
miles an hour* To make the descent
In about ten or fifteen minutes had
been my Intention, but before I was
fully aware of it the swift darkness of
a South African storm had spread over
the earth, and In the grasp of a breefce
bowling along*.about fifty miles an
hour I wag home, whither I knew not.
and in the absolute darkness which
prevailed urighlc to attempt a land
ing. I could not tell what was under
neath me, forest or plain, and'It was
better to r.l^p the 6torm than to take
scanning the prospect for a landing
place. Where this forest was situated
I could not tell, but at the first op
portunity wasn't long coming.
The forest became more sparse, and
as a comparatively open tract of land
revealed itself to me I eased off on the
valve a little, let out my anchor rope
and In a few minutes was firmly an
chored on a ledge of rocks near a
small stream. • I climbed over the edge
of the basket and began to descend the
taunt rope. I hadn't gone far when a
sudden shout was borne to my cars,
and looking in the direction from
whence it came I was surprised to
observe a large fire burning in the
forest not many hundred feet away, a
fire whose glare I ought to have no
ticed even though the flames were
concealed by the overhanging foliage.
For a moment I clung to the rope un
decided what was the best course for
me to pursue. That they were sav
age s who had kindled that fire I felt
certain, for . a perfect babel of sounds
came to me from its direction. If I
fell Into the hands of a warlike tribe,
what my fate would be was scarcely a
matter for mutfh speculation. To con
tinue on down and lake chances of it
being friendly to ttaq whites, or to
climb back, cut the rope and attempt
a descent elsewhere was a problem for
a moment, ‘and then came the decision
to risk the descent then and there. I
might be just ns badly off at the place
of the next descent as here, so I
climbed down hand over hand, with a
hundred warriors' eyes gaizng at me
ns I neared the ground. They were
fully armed with assegais and other
Implements of war. but made no im
mediate hostile demonstration. Many
of them looked a'little uneasily I
thought, at the swaying bulk of the
the chances of being dashed to'death
in a thick forest. s : i;
For gevemi, hours the storm raged,
Just how long I do not know, for my
watch had inadvertently been left be
hind. Night blended with the dark
ness of the storm so that when the
wind began to abate I'was In just ns
bad a position as before. In what di
rection I had gone I did not know'.
I knew that I had been carried north
ward before the storm proper had
come up, but whether that course had
been maintained by the wind I had
no means whatever of knowing. I
might have been swerved and blo^*n
out over the ocean toward Medagascar,
I might have been carried several hun
dred miles South toward Cape Town;
any. of these things wfcre possibly
though I clung to 4he belief that my
direction had been • northerly. I esti
mated the height of the balloon at
about 1,500 feet when the heavy winds
subsided, and ns soon as the conditions
were more favorable I began a cau
tious descent, not with the Intention
of making a landing, but to get down
sufficiently far to ascertain definitely
If I really were still oyer land.
After going down probably a thous
and feet I checked the descent was
able to mark a 1 moist coolness Jn the
atmosphere, but whether this meant
sea or foreat 1 couldn't tell. It was a
nerve-breaking sensation; riding
alongalong at a rate of about 15 or 20
miles an hour in a darkness so opaque
that I seemed to be In the center of a
black-lined room, without the slight
est knowledge as to my whereabouts
or tbe direction in which I was going.
If I were over land, as long as it was
level I was all right; but If I encoun
tered any sudden elevation, the
chances were I'd be dashed to pieces
against the rocks and my fate never
known. If I were riding out over the
very Uttle frequented South seas, my
end woa as *urely sealed. To make
matters worse, my supply of ballast
was limited and to cast any consider
able amount of it out in order to rise
to a reasonable.-; safe height would
have been fopllsh, for I might have
more pressing need of It later when
the buoyancy of the gaa began to suf
fer somewhat. The early hours of
that night were such as I never care
to experience again.
Along about midnight as I estima
ted the time, the c*ouds which had
covered tbe sky began to break up a
little, and at last * few pale stars
twinkled faintly in the gaps. It was
now only a question of a short time at
the most before I wjuld at any rate
know a trifle about piy Immediate
surroundings. In due course the moon
peered out of its cloud envelope, and,
leaning over the side of. my basket, I
was able to descry the tumbled masse*
of a thick forest. I breathed a sigh
of relief, for there was a chance, at
least, for a landing later and perhaps
a safe return.
Within a couple of hours, the moon
light was strong and I had a fine, view
of the land, or ratbey forest, beneath
lx.*. Swiftly I sped over It, anxiously
balloon, and all maintained a respect
ful distance from me, though I was
completely surrounded. One big
black was standing in the center of a
knot of warriors, and as he- had a big
gum ring in his wool and a leopard
skin thrown over his back, I presum
ed he was the chief. Advancing to
ward him with upraised hands to
show that I was unnrmcd. I addressed
him in English, but without eliciting
response.
He stood his ground as I came near,
but at a guttural sound from his Ups
two of his men leveled assegais at
my breast, and forced me to retreat a
half dozen steps or so, where I was
permitted to stand. Under guard of
these warriors I was compelled to
maintain, thnt position while the chief
and the group with him approached
the balloon, gazing up curiously at It,
but without any signs of fear. He was
standing quite close to the rope when
a freshet of breeze’striking the bal
loom caused it to drag its anchor and
It shot up again Into the air. The
rlors were thrown into a state of great
excitement by this, unexpected ascen
sion and fully a score of them darted
off In-the direction it Had taken*.
The chief approafhed, after his own
excitement had abated somewhat, and
gazed at me for awhile ns though I
were a prize chicken at ' a poultry
show. Then, nt a word of command,
the whole body began to move townrd
the enmp. my guards forcing me to
accompany them immediately lri the
rear of the chief.
I presumed that I was among Zulus,
and found when we reached the kraal,
which wrfs of a temporary charcter,
nnd therefore Indicated tWnt th? tribe
was Either migratory or on a march,
that my captors numbered evidently
several hundred strong, women and
children included. I was offered no
molestation, but was compelled to re
main under a tree on tbe outskirts of
the encampment under a heavy guard.
The sun had reddened the horizon by
the time we reached the-camp, and In
the light of the early morning I was
an object of great curoslty to all those
who had remained In camp while the
warriors ran out to see what It was
that had come down Into their midst
from the skies.
I took it to be a sort of challenge re
specting my intentions, and. rising
also, I pointed to the assegai, shook
my head, raised my arms, pointed to
ward the sky, then toward the assegai
again, shook my head once more and,
advancing, offered the chief my hand.
I was a novice at all this sort of thing,
but I thought I made my amicable
intentions clear. The chief didn’t take
my hand, but pulling hris assegai from
the ground, waved his right arm and I
was marched-back to my resting place
under the tree. A few hours later I
waa removed to o small hut with but
one opening, which served aa a door,
window nnd fireplace, and before this
a stout nnd dangerous looking warrior
was placed to keep an eye on me.
I was decidedly uneasy after my In
terview with the chief, and plans for
escape resolved In my mind, but I was
offered not the slightest opportunity.
The guard sitting In the doorway never
removed his eyes from me and at night
fire was built just before the en
trance in such a position that It illum
inated the whole interior of the hut.
The next morning I was awakened
Juat before dawn to find the whole
camp In an uproar and preparations for
removal evidently well under way.
Immediately after the morning meal I
was placed In a long boat made from
a single log, along with the chief and
about fifteen warrior*, and left the
camp In advance of th* others, whom
I never saw again. The stream on
which this Journey began wasn't the
one on whose banks the anchor of my
balloon had caught, but another about
half a mile from the camp and of fairly
good size.
It bad a swift current and In about
two hours we sped out onto the bosom
of a larger and slower river, where the
paddles were brought Into play to ac
celerate nur speed It occurred to me
by this time that I was to be offered up
as a special sacrifice by the chief and
was being hurried to some large, cen
tral headquarters of the whole tribe
for that purpose. 1 don't mean by this
that I thought they were going to make
a burnt offering of me or anything of
that sort, but 1 could readily see’ that I
was regarded as a special prisoner and
didn’t think they meant me any
Escape was the sole thought in my
head as I sat silent amid those blacks
In the boat, and I resolved to make It
that night
When we pulled Into shore to camp
for the night, however, I was not *!•
Ible vine. Try as I would under the
sheltering cover of darkness to loosen
those thongs I could not, and.I bruised,
ray wrist so in the attempt that the
pain Kept me awake all night. :
Ir the morning my bonds were loos
ened and after we started down stream
again 1 fell asleep, from which I was
awakened a few hours later by the sud
den bumping of the boat and feeling
myself lifted in strong arms. As my
senses returned to me I found tho
whole crowd talking together with
some animation, while three were rais
ing mo bodily to the top of the low
bluff which, constituted the bank of the
stregm, Placing me on my feet, the
warriors who had lifted me up hur
ried me back into the jungle a short
<dlstance from the stream, though all
the others remntned In the boat. -
Bo Intense wns the interest of the
women and children In me, clad as I
was in a. close-fitting blue acrobat cos
tume, that they had to be driven back
to their duty of preparing breakfast
by their mAle relatives. Kept a prison
er under guard, I had reason to think
that the Intentions of the chief toward
me were entirely hostile, yet their kind
ness in other respects puzzled me not
a little. We had no means of commu
nication except by pantomime, but they
readily understood ink My first re
quest was for a drink of water, and in
response to it a woman was called
from the camp by one of the guards, a
few guttural words exchanged between
them and the woman disappeared,.- to
return in a few minutes with a gourd
full’of clear, cool water. When I hnd
finished drinking they asked me by
signs if I wanted more. My food waa
sent to me by the chief himself, and
shortly after breakfast I was carried
before him for an Inquisition. In all
the panoply of state and war he could
muster up the chief received me In
front of his hut.- He was seated on a
small log, surrounded by a detachment
of warriors, whom I presumed to be
his bodyguard, and on either sled of
the chief stood two withered old crea
tures. whom I was unable to determine
were men or women.
I was Invited to sit on a log placed
a short distance In front of the chief
nnd an awkward attempt at arriving
at an understanding between us was
made by meahs of signs. Wo didn't
accomplish very much, and In the end
the chief motioned to the two old with
ered creatures, who ndvanced toward
me and walked around me several
times. Jabbering'like monkeys all the
while, their chatter occasionally punc
tuated by a query coming from tho
chief. What It wms whether an In
cantation or not, I never knew, but
Its close the chief arose, and. planting
his assegai In the ground, folded his
arms and stood Just behind it, looking
me straight Inthe eyes.
Something was wrong, but what?
wasn’t left long In doubt, for presently
I heard a mftle voice singing fsr sway,
but still distinctly enough for mei to
detect the air of a dlty I had heard a
soubrette In short skirts singing In. it
I,ondnn music hall less than ten yeeka
before. There were white men some
where near on the river, probably
Englishmen, but before 1 could recover
from my amazement at hearing that
song In the.Jungle my captors began
the march toward the Interior again,
evidently with the Intention, of remov
ing me beyond both hearing and
shouting distance. I had borne iny
captivity in patience up to this mo
ment, but now I ( attempted to put up
a struggle, with Just a faint, forlorn
hope of making my escape, but I was
soon overpowered, though the savages
refrained entirely from Injuring me In
the least.
I suppose we must have gone fully
a mile farther Inland before we halt
ed In a Uttle glade where the under
brush was covered with a brilliant red
flower and the ucene was pne of the
most beautiful I have ever witnessed.
It seemed to* me thnt we had been
there for hours before there came a
shout* from a distance, at which my
guards sent up an answering shout
and began to move with me In the di
rection of the sound. A short time af
terward we encountered u warrior who
had evidently been sent out to fetch
us in, and soon Joined the chief and
other warriors on the river bank.
There were no evidences of a struggle
to be seen, so I presumed none- had
occurred and that I had merely been
hurried away to prevent u rescue
rather than to prevent me giving arv
warning of an ambush,
To make a long story short, ive rowed
down the river all that day and far
Into the night before we arrived at
large kraal, which was probably o
destination. Without any delay, I w
hurried to a small hut near an open
place In the center of the village, and
the same method of guarding me estab- i
llshed as that which had prevailed
during my night In the other camp.
This hut, hriwever. had a small open
ing on either side about four feet from
the floor. In addit'on to the door In
front. The openings were only shout
a foot square, but In addition to the
guard in front I soon discovered that
another guard had been placed In the
rear to prevent ray escape by those
apertures. Both men were drawn from
the boat crew, however, end It was due
to this that I was able to effect my
escape. Refreshed by my sleep during
the day, I remained wide awake all
night, but both of my garde were evi
dently worn out by the hard rowing
they had been doing all day and during
the evening, and toward dawn I dis
covered that both of them were asleep.
It was my opportunity and I wasn’t
lingering any about taking advantage
of it. Fearing that I might awaken
the black at the door by attempting
to leave thst way, and not caring to
venture out In the glare of the fire, 1
began to wriggle out of a window. It
was a hard Job. and twice at least I
made so much noise that It was a mir
acle the guards didn’t awaken but they
slept soundly, and In a few minutes I
found myself outside the hut. Cau
tiously I crept among the huts to the
forest close by, and then turned to
ward the river, where I had seen a
number of log boats of various sizes
when we Undsde. It pro b»bl*
they were guanfc*). but I felt that the
only n»*n» tor making *.)od my escape
If I had any at all, rested in securing
one of those boats, f realized that rn/
Jan. 9. 1S53. Nicholas unbosomed him
self to his friend and Informed him
that Russia’s purpose in tho war with
Turkey, which was then going on. was
the dismemberment of the Ottoman
empire in Europe, which the czar de
signed to separate into 'Independent
atatea under his protection.
“Now," added the emperor, “it is ns
a friend and a gentleman thnt I speak
away than to supinely await it as a
captive.
That was the way I felt as I crop
slowly toward tho bank, but good luck
was with me, for if the boats were
guarded the sentinel i slept, and in a
few minutes I hnd untied the vine rope
which bound one of the small boats
to {he bank, secured a paddle and waa
making all the speed • possible down
the stream.
I never was very good at sculling,
but that morning I drove my heavy
little craft through the water at such
a rate that, aided by the current I’ll
wager I made ten or twelve miles in
the hour or so Just before down. My
Intention, formed after l had secured
the boat, was to row as far as possible
until the sun was Just about up, and
then, drawing my boat up into the un
derbrush, hide during tho. day and con
tinue my voyage at night, but, to my
complete astonishment as I rounded a
bend In the stream, I saw about two
miles distant, in tho gray light of tho
early morning, a group of houses crest
ing the. top of a hill on the banks of
the river. It was evidently any out
lying European settlement and I made
for it with all haste.
The settlement proved to be a Por
tuguese trading station, where I waa
received with the greatest kindness,
given an outfit of clothing and placed
on the little steamer which made bi
weekly trips to Lorendo Marques and
was due to leave that afternoon for
the voyage to tho coast. The savages
dldriot approach the station up to the
time of my departure and the Portu
guese were mystified at their conduct
toward me while In captivity.
They were MntabelSs, not Zulus, as
I had supposed, nnd were not prone to
treat any of their captives with any
thing but cruelty. They hnd been un
friendly .with the whites for years, nnd,
therefore, It was surprising that the/
had even made mo a prisoner. The
consensus of opinion at Durban, how
ever, which I reached several days af
ter my escape, was that they hnd re
garded me as some sort of superior be
ing. due to my descent from the sky,
and also my strange acrobatic garb,
but whether an evil or a good spirit
they were unable to determine, and
were consequently prpepeding with all
speed to one of their great witch doc
tors for hla Judgment. What It might
have been and what might have hap
pened as a result—weJJ. that conjec
ture is hardly u part of .the Htory.
I subsequently learned thnt I hnd
probably sailed due north from Jo
hannesburg nnd come down In Mata-
beleland near tho Rulya river, along
which my captors had taken me to the
Limpopo, and down which stream r:e
had Journeyed until near tho then little
station of Matpnmulln,..about sixteen
miles east of which a Mntabele trail
led to their great krnaMn the Interior,
the ultimate destination doubtless In
tended for me; all of which gives color
to the theory advanced-ln Durban.
to you: If England and myself can
come to an understanding about this
affair the rest matters little to me, nnrl
I shall care very little as to what tho
others may think or do."
Seizing its opportunity for a diplo
matic coup, the British foreign office,
after withdrawing Seymour from St.
Petersburg, communicated the text of
the czar’s Interview to Paris, Vienna
and Berlin. “The others" became ap
propriately indignant, England suc
ceeded by a swift move In ranging the,
whole of Europe against Russia and
the next step In the controversy was
tho .Crimean war.
Russia' ascribed her ultimate defeat
to British machinations.
She recalled the “perfidy'' of Albion
again in the war of 1877-78, which re
sulted In the establishment of Bulgaria
as a semi-independent principality,
nnd tho interference of the British
Navy against the contemplated taking
of Constantinople. «>-
Again the English “Stop" was heard
when the Russian column under Oen.
Komaroff appeared on the northwest
frontier of Afghanistan, and light on
its purpose was furnished by the St.
Petersburg Vledomostt. which announ
ced that Russia Intended to seizo a
road to the Indian ocean through Afg
hanistan and Beluchlstan and to es
tablish a great port on the bay of
Soinmlsnl, west of the mouth of the
Indus, near the English port of Kara-
tchl.
There were many other minor Inci
dents. Another came In August, 1H91,
when a Russian “exploring party” ap
peared upon the plateau of Pamir,
which dominates all the passes
Afghanistan. Cashmere nnd Turkestan.
In the faro of vigorous protest* from.
China and Great Britain the Russlnns,
nfter having ndvanced to the defile of
the Hlndoo-Koosh, withdrew only to
renppear with a great military force
under Col. Tanoff In the following
spring.
The tension between St. Petersburg
and London became acute as a result
of this exploit. Gladstone abandoned
his pacific policy long enough to give
Russia to understand thnt England was
prepared to contest the possession of
the key to India with all the strength of
which she was capable. Russia with-*
drew and added one to her score
against England.
In the light of history Russia views
the present war ns a direct outcome of
British machinations at Toklo. Every
reverse which they have suffered at the
hands of the Japanese the Russians
have regarded as a blow dealt by
England.
In the light of these facts, It Is not
strange that every little clash bed,
tween the nntlons should be viewed
with the great suspicion nnd carefully
weighed for Its significance. The old
hutred Is behind it all, and will P roha-
bly remqln while the two nations live.
READING==riaking the
Most of One’s Time
By NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS, Pa.tor of Plymouth Church, in N. Y. World,
T «t—"Give' attendance unto road Ing."—I. Tim., 4. 13, Paul’s Advlo
Timothy.
to
Few things are more instructive than
tho study of the Intellectual methods
of men who have achieved success.
For many days I have been, associated
with a man who is almost a magician
in his skill of manufacturing or using
time. With marvellous art he has so
laid out his hours ns to achieve the im
possible. On Tuesday morning he
orks oh his new book. On Wednesday
Tho Law of Variety is Also tho Law of
Fertility.
But if the change of one’s thought
by reading and writing brings rest, it
also secures mental fertility and pro
ductiveness. In the realm of the fields
everything depends on fertilization*
Here are the clover field.*', with red and
white. Hero are the apple orchards,
on widely separated hills. But here,
too, are the honey bees that fiit from
field to field and orchard to orchard.
he works 'upon his long novel or short carrying pollen, and fertilizing bough
writing of verse, lyrics, odes or drama.
Friday is always reserved for n maga
zine article or a column in a newspa
per. On Saturday morning he writes
the Sunday morning serrrion; Satur
day evenlug he writes nt a four-hour
sitting the Sunday ovcnlng sermon. On
Monday he starts for the old shops, the
auction rooms, the art galleries. Half-
past 8 every morning finds him at his
desk, where he remains for five hours,
until 1:30. Then comes two hours in
active exercise, usually out of doors.
The evenings are for lectures or public
addresses. It is a strenuous program,
The Cause of
Russo-British Enmity
lowal to land and «l*d. for thi flint | , haflrM of reaching ih. M without d»»
time, to th. «!<!«• of the boat with I uctlon w*r. i,. i.. r) hut it
then*, rr.id* from wro, tou*h but flex-1 be better to meet uylnf g..
DOCTORED FOOD KILLS
superficial review of the history
of the relations of England and Russia
for some years Into the past, leads to
the conclusion M)at the North Sea In
cldent, so-called, of October 23 laat. Is
only an added link In h chain of clash
es between the two nations which has
extended over years arid Indicates the
silent, blind and hitter hatred between
the two pelples. the result of centuries
of mutual Irritation.
The collective mind of European di
plomacy Is convinced, rightly or wrong
ly, that the affair of October 22 will not
result In the tragedy of war. The
event, however, has contributed one
more cause of resentment to the tong
account of hitter misunderstandings
between Britannia nnd the great Blav
power of the North. It Is the lesson
of history thnt such hatreds have found
ultimate expression In war. The sig
nificance pf an International “Incident"
lies, not so much in the circumstances
of the event itself as In the spirit In
which the solution of the problem arls-
Ing out of It Is approached hy the two
powers nt odds. In any controversy
that may arise between Great Britain
and Russia, account must he taken
of the long repressed passions that
must Influence the views and conduct
of st^teifnen In London And Ht. Peters
burg.
in the .light of such a considerate n
the assumption forces Itself upon the
mind with (he weight of Inexorable
logic that sooner or Idler* whether In
the present war In the Far East or In
some Insignificant clash of Interests in
the near future, the smoldering fire of
anger In England and Russia will break
6ut Into a conflagration thst will ap
pall mankind.
The first Anglo-Russian "Incident**
seml-mythfcal. Nestor, the Blavo-
Russian Herodotus, dnea not mention
It In his chronicles nnd neither dp au
thoritative Russian historians of mod
ern times. But It Is told hy word of
mouth from mother to child, from the
Baltic to the Ourals, that a prince of
Muscovy, Irritated by the failure of an
English emissary to doff his hat at
the proper moment, ordered the for
eigner’s headgear to be spiked to his
head as a playful reflet Han on his de
fective manners.
The record of the » C ) or 70 years,
however, is tsf.let* *lth historical In
stances qt su/h *: “h'/s, encounters
that have driv u tf .wo nations al
most to the wink war. British In
terference V. the Pyyrian war against
Sc ha my I, tbe sol iter priest who arous
ed the Mo dero ; cpr.l.'itlon of Caucasus
to rsbelllcn an* <b *>d the Russian em
pire for 26 y'■..•re. In not forgotten by
some of a g*r.«.ration not entirely
passed away, a id the seizure of the
British schemer Vixen whip* engaged
on contrahird traffic In that connec
tion ■<. rv»-d to augment th* feeling
aro»i ted, Greet Britain denied
chr-rg* s nt course, but Russia record
ed its * ore against England.
B Is quits probable that the temper
«.f <dsn statesmen at th** end of
th»i rebellion had a great d<-s*l to do
wr.b th< outbreak of the Orfntean war.
Jfl dicta* I, had conceived * str*
w on) liking for Hlr Hamilton Hoymoar.
;at British ambassador at Ht. Peters
burg In the course of i.m mtervisw
which be had with sir Handle*
Cemeteries of tho Land Filled With
Babies Fed on It.
From the Philadelphia Record.
"The cemeteries of this country are
filled with the little graves and little
headstones of babies whose mothers
thought they were giving them sooth
Ing syrups when really they were giv
ing them laudanum and morphine,"
was one of the point* which Dr. If. W.
Wiley, chief chemist of the department
of agriculture at Washington, made In
lecture on Friday before the students
of the. City College In New York.
Another thing that he said waa;
Americans nearly all overeat. Over
eating Is one of the curses of the na
tion." Again and again In the course,
of Ills talk he emphasized the Idea thnt
It Is the deception that Is practiced
which makes food adulteration dan
gerous nnd wicked, that th* principle
that every article should be of the char
acter asked for should guide In all
commercial transactions In food, and
that the present system of food adul
teratlon strikes at the root of national
mortality. His formal topic was "The
Attitude of the Consumer Toward the
Purity of Foods." and so happily did
he treat It, with dll his humor and
earnestness nnd wenlth of scientific
knowledge nnd experience that repeat
edly his audience burst Into applause.
After describing the typical charac
ter of food (th* starchy element, th#
nttrogeneous. etc.), and commenting
on the rise In modern times of a new
Induatry In the manufacture of foods
In great factories. Dr. Wiley went on
to any thst obviously such a business
offered new temptations to adulterate.
It Is a perfectly natural Instinct that
makes the*manufacturer want to make
big profits by reducing the cost of pro
duction," he said. “We should do the
same. We should start out to do oth
ers as others have done us. (Laugh
ter.) And If we had found out cheap
substitutes, or how to Improve the ap
pearance of our wares, how to fresh
en them up when they got stale, or
how to add something to keep them
longer, should we be slow to adopt
them?
Food Adulteration.
“With food production, food adulter
ation waa Increased. Food adultera
tion Is not necessarily dangerous or
vicious—-It Is the food adulteration
which Involves deception that Is bad.
not a man to go about telling peo
ple what they may and may not eat.
My business Is simply to save them
from deception.
"Take the case of those beans and
peas thst the French put up in glass
bottles and color so beautifully. Why
Nature In her palmiest days never gave
them such lovely tints, and Solomon In
al his glory would have paled beside
them. You go to some cheep place
like the Ht. Regis and order French
peas, and think to yourself what a dt-
llcloua dish you have In front of you—
and so you Stave, because you don’t
know that this exquisite hue comes
from sulphate of copper, commonly
known as blue vitriol—not a very de
sirable article of diet.
“But If you like It. If you want
have ropperplated Intestines, I won't
stop you. It’s your lookout. My con
cern is to see that you are not deceived
by the peas, that you know Just what
you are putting In your mouth. Then,
If you want to eat them, go ahead.
"Ho with oleomargarine. I waa op
posed to the *o!e»* law because It seem
ed to work a hardship on the pour.
who are the ones who want to use this
form of grease. This Uw says If a
man colors *oleo’ yellow, he must pay
a tax of lb cents a pound. Rut a man
can make white butter and color It
but by adhering to It he hits achieved
some sixteen volumes, essays, poems,
novels, lectures, sermons and studies
of English literature. It Is a marvel
lous record. His career cannot be ex
plained by saying. “The man Is a gen
ius; he has unusual gifts.” He insists
that he would never have accomplish
ed any mors than other men If ho had
used other men's methods.
Brain Fag and Brain Rett Through
Change of 8ubjects.
"Give attention unto reading." Never
were the books so many arid so Invit
ing, but never were men so tired when
night comes. Many an overworked
man exclaims, “Once I, too, read books!
But not now." Many a man also early
In life finds he la losing his Intellectual
spring, and that the creative touch Is
going. Is there no mental law of ther
apeutics? Strangely enough, there Is.
Could these tired men rest themselves
by reading? Beyond all douht; and
gain culture and growth while doing It.
The musician knows that pounding tho
same string will soon wear the chord
out. Athletes know that the use of
the same muscle brings speedy tire,
Artists rest the Jaded sense by chang
ing from blue to gold and crimson to
purple. Even the bicycler has dlscov
♦•red that he rests soonest, not by sit
ting quietly, but by auch a use of the
arms as to threw the blood out of the
legs.
This law In Intellectual nlso. The
mind Is not divided Into compartment*,
nevertheless tho Intellect seems to
different parts of the brain. Consider
the habits of ifiy friend. One day fur
nlkhea the momentum for the next
one; that Is tho secret of his entire ca
reer. Ho we find this man at fifty years
of age has grown even stronger,
healthier nnd happier.. And. there are
multitudes of young men who need
above all things else, to study th* law
of mental rest through mental work.
By mastering It they would 1 double
their Intellectual output utld’ recover,
the creative touch.
and branch. And thoughts must i
from the field of poetry to that of fic
tion; from fiction to history nnd poli
tics; from biography to religion, for so
the Intellect Is fertilized and tho imag
ination fed. For that reason Mr. Glad
stone kept three desks—at bne desk he
worked on politics, statistics, proponed
laws. At another desk he worked on
his literary task, the Greek or Latin
poets, while religious books were piled
on the third. The one subject helped
tho other. When ho found somethin*
in literature which started his mind
going on politics, once tho fl.imo was
fully kindled, ho turned to tho new
theme at the next desk. What fresh
ness, therefore, in his articles! What
variety in his thinking! Btaleness 1*
Impossible to a man vflth such a meth-
■ Here Is the secret of Intellectual
fertility:
Reading for Stimulus.
The mind works in two states; first
of all it is quiet, passive and receptive.
Then the Intellect is like the candlo
that is unlighted; light, is there, only
it is Intent. In another mood the In
tellect is fully k'ndled. Home event,
some crisis of sorrow or Joy, a great
oration or song or sermon or drama,
has kindled the flame, nnd the mind
glows hour after hour, emitting sparks.-
Byron understood this law. He rend
until he found a thought that would
rouse his crentlve power, nnd then ho
would seize his pen and write. Bus
kin knew the law, and used to send bis
servant out to bring a golden bough
for his table to kindle his mind when
he was writing on trees and leaves.
The hough was the match that kindled
the candle and released Its flame. Home
books give the Information, are treas
ure-houses of Ideas; their authors have
distilled for us the very essence of
their genius, their thoughts, their am
bitions, their aspirations, their dreams,
their passions and their victories.
Many a tired youth flings himself
down at night to rest In soddenncsH,
when what he needs Is to road. Are
you depressed? Road hooks of mirth
and laughter. Are you seeking the
path to success? Rend the biographies
of the great. Are you-contented, hav
ing lost ambition? Open to the story
of the Inventors, the merchants, tho
statesmen, the heroes. Are you losing
the creative fire? • Rend the seven
great novels. Are you pessimistic and
miserable, and conscious of your sin?
Rend the story of that'DIvIne Tocher
who dwelt In Bethlehem, and who has
Journeyed over the continents and tho
centuries like nn advancing summer
that carries beauty nml bounty In Iti
wings. Work, think, love, worship
pray, but “give attention to reading’*
also.
yellow without paying any tax. I can't
see that the 'oleo* man Is doing any
thing worse than the butter man. The
m}m who sells *ol#o' as butter commits
fraud, and the public should be pro
tected from him.
Renovated Butter.
"And so, too, with what Is known as
renovated butter—butter that bus gone
rancid nnd been sweetened artificially.
Perhaps those of you who live In board
ing houses may have fallen In with this
typo of butter some time. A man takes
this rancid butter, washes It and treats
It In a way that Is absolutely, harmless
and mnkes sweet butter of H again. To
tax him for doing so Is an absurdity.
If he sold his renovated butter ss fresh
butter he would be practicing fraud.
Ho long us he does not do so, hut sells
his product for the renovated butter It
it, he cannot be charged with adulter
ating food.
“That Is to say, so long as no frnud
Is practiced and the consumer Is told
the character of the foodstuff employ
ed, I hold that there Is no adulteration."
Then Dr. Wiley Took up the subject
of antiseptics and their use In preserv
ing foods. Hugar and salt, he said,
were antiseptics, but they were prima
rily foods, and performed Important of
floes In the body. If added to canned
preserved foods their presence was
at once revealed end there waa no de
ception.
"But If you add an antiseptic with
out taste or odor, nnd without reveal
ing Its presence to the consumer, thnt
Is adulteration," he continued. “I don’t
^nre what the antiseptic may be. Un
der the above conditions ail are equal
ly fraudulent. These antiseptics nil
have the power of partilysln/c the
germs of fermentation tff food, nnd
when added In sufficient quantities to
do so. Inhibit the digestion of food, as
proved by our experiments on young
men. Thns In Itself Is not so bad, but
our experiments further showed that
80 per cent, of the borax taken Into the
system was excreted by those already
overworked organs, the kldneya.
“A men will soy, ‘Oh, well, what does
It matter? The borax a man would
take In a day—seven nnd one-half
grslns, at the utmost—wouldn't hurt.’
“Ho It wouldn't. If the man only took
It one day. Rut how about months and
years?
All Eat Too Much.
"I should like to make a plea for the
kidneys. Food Is so plenty, nnd our
cooking Is so exquisite we nil eat too
too much, and the kidneys are sadly
overworked. They should have short
er hours, lighter work, better pay.
the hardship falls on the kidneys, with
tbs result that dlseaasa dependent on
overworked kldneya are on the In-
rrense, not only here, but In other
countries.
' "The fact of the matter Is, wo doi
n**d to employ those pernicious pre
servatives, for there ate methods of
preserving wholly unobjectionable.
"Twenty years ago the great food
manufacturers of the country were
opposed to any regulation of foods.
Now almost without exception they fa
vor It. They see thst the only safe
thing Is to be honest For th<* list
fifteen' « r twenty years we have be<
trying to get a national i>ur** foo.i I.i
passed t«* aid the atate* in eradteath
the Injustice and dangers lurking
sdtii'* riled foods an 1 drug? <>f ourt
the “i<'Iteration of dm*-* .<•!•. n I »
much greater crime than th»* adulter- lelerm
aUon of foods, for It strikes directly Ituaai
at the root of life l.y nullifying and
paralysing the skill of the physician.
It has got so now every man Is bin
own physician. If you havo a head-
[hS you go to a pharmacist with
What can you give me to cure my
headache?* And he gives you some
thing which. If It Is not useless. !h
dangerous, deriving all Its power from
Us efficacy to affect the arteries and
nerves that go to tho brain. The adul
teration of food# Ins done more to
corrupt the morals of tho American
people than the rum trade."
In concluding Dr. Wiley urged his
hearers to bring all the pressure they
ould to bear upon their senators thnt
the pure food bill might not bo shoved
aside to make room for a bridge In
Hquedunk.
There la desiccation; there la canning;
there Is cold storage. There are gases
where antiseptics are imperative. Then
It Is better to have them than to lose
the food, for, although I hnve referred
to them as dangerous, they are not
poisonous In the way arsenic nnd
strychnine are. They can be used
once In a while without detriment by
most persons.
’A cuse In point came up today—a
quantity of eggs from China that h id
been broken together in the same
vessel. You can fancy what n m***
I hey were. They take these eggn
three or four months old—and to ev
ery one hundred pounds add four nr
five pounds of borax- These treated
eggs are said to ho In great demand.
The high-priced cakes the bakers h.-ii
art made with thorn, and ‘people ad-
fnlrc their beautiful yellow tint nnd
attribute U to the fresh egga In them.
"If any one In this room wants to
eat cake like this he shouldn't bo pre
vented, but I want people to know that
these cakes nre n"t yellow with (r»**h
eggs, but with stale eggs charged with
as much borax as they will hold."
Pure Food Bill.
At this point tho spt-aker made a
digression apropos of total abstinence
and woman suffrage, whi< h ho wound
up by declaring that h- believed in in.
dividual freedom for every one- -”ev**ry
man should bo allowed to < hoosc his
own clothes, food, pollti religion and
even his wife."
Then returning to his subject, he
cited the merchandise marks law of
England as an example of a good law.
"That requires that every article
should be of the character asked for -
a principle which hhmdd guide all
commercial transactions in food.
Ru>
Sur
to Buy.
3 lobe.
From the New Y
It Is not surprising that
Ushers of Herr Niemann’s n
Conquest of England." iegar
■tail rights of great value.
German edition was 25 000
pub-
"The
Rua-
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If
mors Russia;
Russian govi
oughly dral
•old
Id be practically no
vivid descriu
by Great Brl
Lahore, folio
destruction <
bow tbe i’.riti-h do