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“The price of Liberty is eternal vigilance.” SENATE OF THE U. STATES. We believe that the complexion of the 1 - Mted States Senate, for two years, from flic 4th cf March next, will be as follows. Adm. Opp. Maine —Messrs. Holmes awl Sprague 2 Vermont —Seymour and Prentiss, 2 Ntv Hampshire —Bell and Hill. 1 I Massachusetts —Webster and Sillabee 2 Rhode Island —Knight and Robbins 2 Connecticut —Foot and Tomlinson 2 Yew York —Dudley and Marey , 2 A". Jcrtcy— Dickerson &e Frelinghuj sen 1 1 Pennsylvania —Barnard and Wilkins 2 Jk&tivitre —Clayton ami Naudain, 2 Miry land —Smith and Chambers 1 1 llrginia —Tazewell and Tyler, 2 Forth Carolina —Brow n and Manguin'd , Youth Carolina —Hayne and Miller 2 Georgia —Troup and Forsyth, 2 . ilahama —King and Moore 2 Mississippi —Kllis and Poindexter 2 J/oUsiana —Livingston and Johnson 1 1 Tennessee— White and Grundy, ,2 Kentucky —Bibb, one seat vacant, 1 Ohio —Buggies and llwingj "2 Indiana —Hendricks, one seat vacant 1 Illinois —Kane and Robinson, 2 Missouri —Bc ntor.and Buckner 2 2d 18 Should Kentuckarul Indiana elect anti-ad ministration Senators, there w ill be a majo rity of 8 for the administration otherwise, the majority will be 1 0. \V C have placed Messrs, lazewelland Tyler lor the administration, notwithstanding the stand taken by them m the last session of Congress. Washington*, April 18,1831. • Sir: In communicating to me, this morn ing, the information of the resignation of the Secretary of State and Secretary of War, to gether with the reasons which bad induced the loriner to take this step, you were pleased to observe that this proceeding was made known to inc as one of those whom you had associated with you in the administration of the Government, and you suggested that I would, after a few days reflection, have a fur ther conversation with you on this subject. Euf, in recurring to the brief remarks made -.t the time, as well as to the letter ofresigna tion of the Secretary cf State, which you v. ere good enough to submit for inv perusal, 1 .have not been able to ascertain what particu lar matter was intended to ho proposed for my reflection, as connected with this event. Under these circumstances, and being de sirous of avoiding the possibility of misappre hension as to your views, I w ould respectful ly inquire whether the measure adopted bv the Secretary of State and of War, is deemed to involve considerations on which you -ex pect a particular communication from me, and if so, of what nature. I have the honor to be, respectfully your obd’t sen t- S. l). INGHAM. To the President of ihc U. S. Washington, April 19, 1831. Sir: I am gratified to find mvsclf entirely relieved, by the distinct explanation at the in terview to which you invited me to-day, from the uncertainty as to the oltjoct of your com munication yesterday, which I had referred to in my note ot last evening; and have to make my acknowledgements for the kindness with which you have expressed your satisfaction with the manner in which 1 have dischrged the duties of the station to w hich you had thought proper to invite me, and your confi dence in my administration of the Treasury department. I beg leave however, to add, in my own justification, for not following the ex ample of the Secretary of State and Secretary of War, in making a voluntary tender of the resignation of my office as soon as I was ac quainted with theirs, that I was wholly un conscious of the application to thyself of any of the reasons, so far as I was apprised of them, which had induced them to withdraw from the public service. It, therefore, seemed to be due to my own character, which might otherwise have been exposed to unfavorable imputations, that I should find a reason for resigning, iu a distinct expression of your wish to that effect; this wish has now been frankiv announced and has enabled me to place my retirement on its true ground. I have, therefore, the honor of tendering to you my resignation of the ollice of Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, which you will be pleased to accept, to take effect as soon as my services may he dispensed with consistently with your views of the public in terest. I seize the occasion to offer you my thanks for the many testimonials I have rccievcd of your kindness and confidence during our offi cial connexion, and especially for the renew ed assurance this day of the same sentiment. S.D INGHAM. His Excellency Andrew Jackson, President U. Staten. Washington, April 20th, 1831. Sir: Late last evening I hud the honor to recefljgvour letter of that date, tendering your resignaljon-of the office of Scc.of theTrcasurv. When the resignations of the* Sec. of State and Sec.of War were tendered. I considered fully (he reasons offered, and all the circum stances connected with the subject. After nature deliberation, I concluded to accept those resignations. But whrti this conclu sion was come to, it was accompanied with a conviction that i must entirely renew my Cabinet. Its members had been invited by me to the stations they accepted—it hail come together in great harmony, and as a unit. Under the circumstances in which I found myself, I could not but perceive the propriety of selecting a Cabinet composed of entirely new materials, as being calculated, in this re spect at least, to command public confidence and satisfy public opinion. Neither could I lie insensible to the fact that, to permit two on ly to retire, would be to afford room for un just misconceptions and malignant misrepre sentations concerning the influence of their particular presence upon the conduct of pub lic affairs. Justice to the individuals whose public spirit bad impelled them to tender their resignations, also required then, in iny opinion, the decision which I have stated, Iwwi v'vrj>ainfill! to my own feeling.*, it became THE MACON AHY EltTlsEit, ANl> AGIiiCLETLHAL AND MERCANTILE INTELLIGENCER. necessary that f should frankly make known to you the whole subject. In accepting of your resignation, it is with groat pleasure that I bear testimony to the in tegrity and zeal with which you have inan | aged the fiscal concerns of the nation. In | your discharge of ail the duties ofyour office, i over which Iliad any control, I have been ful | ly sat.stied; and in your retirement you carry I with you my best wishes for your prosperity and happiness. It is expected that you will continue to dis charge the duties of your otHce until a suc cessor is appointed. 1 have the honor to be, with great respect, your most obedient servant, ANDREW JACKSON. Sami . I). Ingkvm, Secretary of the Treasury. ~ 1~ HIM 111,1 II | IM„ I 111 L '.L'jmA-iu ... — “ These are counsellors “That feelingly persuade mo what I am.” From the Avgusta Constitutionalist. The Superior Court of Scriven county is now in Session, Judge Law presiding! We are informed that there are two fruitful foun tains of litigation in the county, in the waters of which most of the gentlemen of the Bar are refreshing themselves—vidclicit :—the claims el halt hundred cousins to a large es tate, the proprietor of which not long since de parted this life intestate ; and, strange to say though the question involved is one of law merely, and not very difficult of solution, a very general interest is taken in it, and many are tbe guesses and speculations respecting the probable decision of the Court. If tbe matter were submitted tea Lawyer he would probably soon make up his mind, and decide in the course of half an hour, upon the rights ot the parties :—but as appeals from Courts of Ordinary are submitted by special statute to the Judge and the Jury —the discussion of this plain case may and perhaps will, occupy one or more days. The present are the gold rn days of forensic disputation; for now the Lawyer may expatiate in a wide and flowery and fruitful field—he may gather flowers and strew them before the Jury, or offer the fruits of studious hours to the Court—but the iron age must come,when a denser population and increased litigation will narrow down the speeches of the gentlemen of the long robe to dry statement ot facts and references to the law. We do not know that this brief wit sea son is to be longed for, although the dispatch of business will certainly derive benefit from its coming. It is certain, that whenever ig'ade the long harangue of the lawyer is listened to and it it have any tiling of cloqucig e and knowledge—shall pass into the geireral mass to enliven & enlighten it. We think we have, remarked that sentiments favorable to Con stitutional liberty and apt quotations and il lustrations from scripture, generally produce a striking effect tqion Juries and the surroun ding crowd—and wc canot doubt that the la bors of the Bar are not confined in their happy influence to parties litigant alone. But we forget—it was our purpose to speak of anoth er class of cases besides those existing bc aween the disputatious cousins. 'These cases arise out of the levy of an Execution—upon what think you gentle reader ? Not upon goody and chattels—nor simply upon houses and lands—but upon—a whole City—Hotels, Courthouse—Church and all l —lt iy indeed a serious truth, that the bold attempt is now ma king to bring Jaoksonboro’—a town bearing the name of one of our distinguished patriots and the seat of justice of Scriven county under the hammer of the Sheriff! We need "not say that hostile claimants have sprung up, thick as armed iucn from the sown Dragon's teeth and the contest will be carried on in tlie most spirited manner. Several of the questions of law have been already decided by the Court in favor of the Plaintiff in Executions—but the facts are for the Juries, and these being of the vicinnage may be possessed by a more than Thomas hsrdnessofbelicf—-in the justice of the Plaintiffs claims. It sometimes happens that the Court and Jury, like Mr. Bulwer’sSi aincse Twins,though closely connected—have diffe rent inclinations and pull different ways. Which will obtain the ascendancy and control in the Borough cases remains to he seen. In the case of Xorris vs. Wade —Judge Law has decided that where notes are given for the hire of a slave for a year,and the slave dies within the year—the hirercan claim no abatement of thcsumduc iqion the notes. But it had been otherwise, if the hirer had, in his contract, guarded himself against the contin gency of the death of his slave. In the Ejectment ease of Nix and Green. the Judge also declared, that the Locus in quo might be proved not only by the resurvey of the county surveyor or other documentary evidence—but by parole—by witnesses- who know the situation and boundaries ofthcland and can speak to them with reasonable cer tainty. In the same case it was also held that, al though a trustee cannot generally purchase the trust property, yet the trustee may pur chase from Cestui que Trust, where tlic latter is full age, and the transactions is fair. Feme Coverts and infants cannot convey to them their trustee. It was also ruled that parole evidence can not be received to contradict or vary a deed —but where Si 000 is mentioned on the face of the deed, itt may he shewn that there was another sum agreed upon between the parties, or that natural love and affection entered in to the consideration of the deed. Also—that a conveyance from Cestui que Trust to Trust when bona fide made, operates to discharge the Trust, and to vest the title in the Trustee. Also—the Court of Ordinary has no power to divide and distribute real stnto—but it is competent to parties of full age to consent to a distribution and division of their property without reference to any Court. In another case the Judge decided that where Plaintiff in Execution is dead—it is un necessary to make his representative a party to a claim case. ‘.'•-ho wasyouthful,’ said a Lawyer, ‘as love, beautiful as an angel, sir 1 —(it was on a pc tion for twdivorce)— -and virtuous sir—as •ir tuous—as—as could be expected- “ The Herald of a noisy world.” Front the Charleston Courier of Thursday last. THREE DAYS LATER. The sltip. Othello, Tucker, arrived at Sa vannah on flic 26th instant, brings London and Liverpool papers to the 27 th ult. From our own files, received by this arri val, and from a slip from the office of the Georgian , we have made the extracts which will he found below. The London Courier of the 25th ult. eulo gizes a speech made by Earl Grey, the pre ceding evening, ou the Irish Reform Bill, in reply to the Marquis of Londonderry. It is represented to have been a bold avowal of principles, which are dear to Englishmen, and which ought to bo considered by the ar istocracy, as-aguarantee against revolution. His Lordship is represented to have taken a correct and popular view of the influence which his order ought to have in society ; and declared himself attached to it, only be cause he believes that, by the exercise of that influence, the welfare of the community at large is promoted. The Duke of Wellington is stated to have admitted, in the course of the discussion of that evening, that the majority of the people were in favor of the Reform Bill, hut assert ed that this was no ground for passing it. The Morning Post states that Lord Grey threw out something like a hintj that Parlia ment would bn dissolved—and adds, “we cannot believe that the King will ever con sent to place this empire in the state in which wc see Belgium and Holland.”—But the Courier asserts, “that the King, on receiving the news of tho division, told his Minister that lie would cheerfully do whatever they might consider conducive to the success of the great measure, whi!i they had brought forward.” The Paris Messager dcs Chambres of the 24th ult.contained a statement that the Aus trians intended to limit their intervention in Italy to Modena and Parma, and not to in terfere with Bologna. The* same paper says—“A letter from Nan tes of the 20th inst. states that a communica tion Irom the Minister of Marine, addresed to the Chamber of Commerce of that town, an nounces that the friendly relations between our Government and other Powers, will al low foreign commerce to be proceeded in without any apprehension. This intelligence has produced a lively sensation on the Ex change, and it is stated that several merchants immediately manifested aq intention of re suming the course of their commercial enter prises.” Accounts from Turin represented the King of Sardinia as dangerously ill; in conse quence of which a Regency had been formed. All the members ot the Bonapartp family that remain at Rome* (says a Milan letter of the 16th inst.) arc narrowly watched by the police, on account of the sons of Louis having taken part in the revolution; and even Car dinal Fesch, notwithstanding his inviolability as a prince of the church, has not been ex cepted from this measure. LONDON, MARCH 25.—A German mail arrived this morning with the Allgemeine Zeitung to the 20th instant, the Austrian Ob server to the 15th, the Nuremberg Correspon dent to the 18th, and the Journal de Frank fort to the 19th. 'The accounts from Vienna state that orders had been issued for a levy of 50,000 recruits in all the provinces of the empire (excepting the kingdom of Hungary.) A report is mentioned from Lemberg, in Gal licia, that by anew ordinance of the Imperi al Government, the Austrian frontiers were to be opened to all unaimed fugitives from Po land. The accounts from Italy mentions that the vanguard of the Imperial troops entered Modena on the 9th, as well as the Duke, amidst loud acclamations, and it is added the insurgents “appear to be very good tempered, and no friends of bloodshed.” At Vienna on the 13th inst. the 4 per cent. Metalliques were 68f, and the Bank Shares 9-43. From Maycnce, it is stated, that the Dutch Pleni potentiary had attached his assent to the reg ulations relative to the free navigation of the Rhine, but with the condition that Antwerp should be excluded from the Treaty, and re quiring that the free navigation from the Scheldt into the Rhine, should be the subject of future negotiation. , FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT. Office of th&Gcorgian, ) Savannah, April 36—12 o’clock M. $ LATEk FROM ENGLAND. By the fast sailing ship Othello, Captain Tucker, we have received files of Liverpool papers to Saturday, the 26th, and London to Sunday, the 27th ult. both inclusive. The Othello lias been absent but 65 days. These papers contain very little intelli gence of importance, being filled principally with the proceedings of Parliament on the Reform Bill. The Reform Bill for Ireland was brought in on the 24th, and read a first time; the second reading was fixed for the 18th of April; the opponents of Lord Rus sell's bill were sanguine of its defeat, in con sequence of two of the majority having declar ed they will vote against it. In Poland addresses have been published from the Government and from the Chamber to the army, thanking it for its noble exploits anc predicting its ultimate triumph. On the 24th in Ixrndon, a public meeting took place at the Mansion House, to raise a subscription’for the relief of starving districts in Ireland. The Lord Mayor presided. The meeting was addressed by many eloquent and benevolent individuals, who most forcibly described the dreadful state of misery and deprivation sustained in Ireland. Private lottcrs were handed about the room, whence it appeared that several persons had died from starvation, and at this present time in the six parishes of Westport alone, there were 31,904 persons wholly without food. The London Times of the 25th, says— “ Private accounts have been received to-day from Cadiz of the 10th inst. which, if they may be depended on, dissipate all the hopes entertained for the success of the Constitu tional cause. Accordingto these* nearly the whole of the party engaged in the first at tempt on that city have been taken, and! more than 400 of them have been put to death! Gen.- Toijijos, it is believed, has e.---ap< We are still, however, without any precise details (fi the'subject. The heroic stand irc.de by the Poles against their formidable enemy, has given them a moral strength in the eyes of Europe -that may yet etxibie them to overcome their inva ders. Diebtsch is represented in aii attitude by no means enviable, among the morasses of Block. We have ir the last Warsaw Ga zette, a letter from Prince Lodychowski, to the marshal, in answer to a hint lor the sur render of Modly. The spirit iu which this letter is written is worthy of the best days of Poland, and John Sobicski was appointed to bear it. The Prince thanks the Marshal for his personal good opinion, and hopes to win of so great a warrior, the still higher respect due a soldier who has done his duty, lie re jects w it# disdain the offer ef a composition, and assures him that Modlin will hold out to the last gasp in emulation of the glorious thousands who have fallen victims to the maintenance of national independence. The Insurgents of Italy, in their craven like submission to a handful of rnen, and their erouch'ng at the sight of the eagle, are the very contrast to the heroic men of Poland. The latest arrivals from Ireland state the commencement, on Monday, of the election for Clare, and a duel, arising out of it, be tween Mr. R. Mahon and Mr. W. Smith, M. P. for Ennis. Neither gentleman was injured bv the first fire, and the parties shook hands. It is supposed that Mr. Maurice ()’- Connel will be returned. Michael Drohan, tithe proctor to the Rev. Mr. Butler of Burn church, Kilkenny, was barbarously murdered on Monday, while on his way to serve tithe process at Woolen Grange. The House—ln and Out. —On Wednesday morning at three o’clock, expresses were M ai t ing in the neighborhood of the Palace Yard, in the Strand, and other places. Under the gallery continued crowded with Peers, Bish ops, and amongst them a Royal Duke. Nor did the roof of flic House escape—it was bountifully supplied with ladies of rank, and the wives and daughters of members, although (most ungafiantly) they had no means of see ing or hearing the “debates,” except through the ventilators ! Letters from Vienna intimate the deep sympathy felt by the Hungarians towards their almost compatriots, the Poles. It is suppos ed that a positive demonstration of their sym pathy, of a kind not very agreeable to Aus trians on the eve of breaking out. The frontiers of Galicia are watched with the most jealous care, to prevent the infection of air tainted witJi the liberty of Poland. It is feared that to inhale this breeze would brace the sinows of the Hungarians to a desperate effort. The French papers of Tuesday, from which wc gave as many extracts as necessary in yesterday’s 'Times, contain accounts from the north of Italy to the 10th inst. and from Rome to the Bth. The Austrians had taken possession of Ferrara, as well as Parma and Modena. At Ferrara they had immediately re-established the Papal Government, dissol ved all the authorities created by the revolu tion, and declared all acts void which had em anated from the revolutionists. The persons deprived of their places by the insurgents had been restored, had been ordered to lav aside their celors, and to deliver up their arms.— Thus Austriain soldiers not only interfere in the internal affairs of the Italian States, but dictate in the most minute details, as if they had the civil government and police entirely in their own hands. Letters fVom Rome state that the inhabi tants daily expected the arrival of the revo lutionary troops from Bologna. The tri-col otir was seen from the towers of the city float ing over the advancing force, and would soon it was supposed, be planted on the sev en hills, unless the Papal army showed more courage and zeal than it had hitherto display ed. The two sons of Louis Bonaparte, who served in the ranks of the insurgents, had left them and proceeded to Ancona to embark for Trieste. The latter fact does not seem to lend much credibility to the reports of the great success or brilliant prospects of the party whom they have joined. Cardinal Bcr netti, in order to overawe the disaffected at Rome, had announced the entrance of the Austrian troops into the northern duchies. Ireland. —The wretched peasantry of the west have organized a system (peaceful, but still most dangerous) of combination against the landlords—have set a price on lands, and though they do not resort to acts of \ iolcnce, and have determined on abstaining from them they take no land unless it will be let on their own terms. The gentry will submit. The evil which we hear is this ; scarcity at present j stares us in the face ; the average stock of* provisions, at least the poor man’s sustenance j is not sufficient even with economy, to hold out until the harvest. The country general ly is flooded, tillage backwards —the peck of March dust cannot be gathered —the harvest must be late —and if, additionally, lands be not taken and sown, a greater scarcity next season will -be inevitable. On Wednesday mornihg, fivb pieces of cannon and three troops of the carbineers, from B< llincollig, left Limerick for Ennis, to attend the Clare election. Sir T. Arbuthnot and Major War lnirton had already arrived at Clare, as com mander and inspector general of the district. Captains Smyth and Alarkam have been dis charged from Kilmainham prison, by order of his excellency the Lord Lieutenant. Six' months of the time for which they were sen tenced for the homicide of Mr. OOrady have | been thus remitted. Mr. O’Hagan has also! been discharged from the same prison, on a ‘ memorial from his prosecutor, Capt. Scott.— I We have not learned whether Air. O’Hagan’s ! late partner in the Louth Free Press has sinii-! larly experienced the clemency of the Irish executive. Several commercial failures are said to have taken place in Dublin. A re markable case of forgery, wherein Airs. Arm strong, the wife of a colonel, is accused olj having forged her husband’s signature to ac-, ceptahces'for an unknown amount, was sub mitted to a police office examination on Alon-j day last. The investigation is still proceed- 1 ing. Russia. —A letter from St. Petersburg!!, in the Algemcinc Zeitung, of the 16th inst- con tains the following passage? : The Emperor is resolved to incorporate the Polish Kingdom with Russia, as a Province o his great empire. This would be a merit ed satisfaction given to the Russian nation. It was, perhaps, originally an ill-judged pro ceeding to atiaeh Poland to Russia, and yet as independent of the Russian Government, and to give it constitutional institutions, while the form of government among us remai :ed absolute. There was iu this a* contrast which could net fail to excite mutual dislike, and greatly contributed to the dreadful cufas trophefof 1825. Large sums cf money are daily sent to the army, and the extraordinary military prepa rations which continue to be made in the in terior of the empire, excite a conjecture, that after the suppression of the Polish revolution our army will have another destination. Four new divisions of 16,000 men each, have lately commenced their march from the interior of the army, to which recruits arc sent daily, so that, by the end of April our army in Boland (not deducting those who have fallen in action) will amount to 250,000 men. Corespondence -of the X. V. Journal of Commerce. London, March 5, 1831. I send you a parliamentary statement of the duties established at different periods in relation to the Colonial trade. In the last column you will see the duties now under contemplation. The bill itself has been post poned from time to time, to make way for matters of high and immediate interest. The attention of all parties is at the passing mo ment entirely absorbed by the debate on Puf lainentiary reform, and its opponents are equally sanguine that the result will conform to their respective and conflicting hopes and desires. But the King’s name, still “a tow er of strength”—which the adverse faction want, and ihe voice of the people, is most unequivocally with the Ministry. You will observe thatthe Marquis of Dar lington, one of the most affluent in borough property, has openly avowed his readiness to sacrifice it for the improvement of the repre sentation. The Marquis of Tavistock, eld est son of the Duke Bedford, has pledged himself for his own and his father’s determi nation to make a similar relinquishment.— Others will no doubt yield to the calls ofjus tice and the force of example, Perhaps it will surprise your countrymen that Mr. Baring should separate himself from his friends, and become an opponent of their plan of reform. Bui the fact is, that lie can not consent to yield Yip his borough of Car lington, which no doubt cost him a large'surn, and to which he is indebted for a great por tion of his political consideration habitually awarded hi* by Ministers. Besides, a pa tent of nobility being more attainable with a borough than without one, the latter is not to be lightly thrown away,even if the owner have a long purse left, before it has yielded its ac customed harvest of hereditary honors. Sir Robert Peel has at last taken his stands, in uncompromising resistance to every spe cies of reform. I say at last, because almost up to the very moment of his rising in the de bate, it was doubtful on which s'idc of the question he would throw his weight. He has chosen the side of his quondam friends, the high church and state party, whose abuse and contempt have been unsparingly showered down upon him ever since he has lent his aid to the emancipation of the Catholics of Ire land and in returning to their embraces he is received with a welcome as extravagantly warm and.hearty as ever a repentant prodigal had a rightto expect. The Government are laying in Hemp, to a greater amount than was avowed at first They have bought 1500 tonsvsince the for mcr contracts of which you were apprised, and tho first sellers arc quite indignant at the concealment practised upon them. —“Collected news “ Of these most brisk and gidd v-paeod times.” A NEW PROJECT. " The Indian question, being no longer ca pable of use for the annoyance of the South, our very good friends have hit upon another expedient, namely, not to use any article that is the product of slave labor! ! And they have the impudence to avow their oh ject to be, “/a bring about the desired change in our Southern Suites.'' 1 Where is this in fatuation to end ? Read what follows; vve take it from a Philadelphia paper. ... & Co ‘ Journal. J rle Goong. —W ilh this name vve have noticed at one or two grocery stores, mer chandize offered for sale, and’ have learned that a large and respectable portion of our fellow citizens, felt conscientiously scrupu lous in purchasing and using articles that were produced by slaves, lest they should thereby give direct encouragement to slave ry. Wc have been at a loss to ascertain how sugar, molasses, coffee and cotton, could be obtained in this city, without the labor of slaves ; but it seems they are obtained, and are offered lor Sale among others, by Mr. Peiri n, at his grocery store, south east cor ner of Third and Noble streets. Mr. P. has sent us a sample of the sugar which he sells among the free goods, and as we have not in. quired into the merits of the question upon which the refusal to use the products of sla very rests, vve adopt a part of Mr. P’s. very appropriate language accompanying the sam ple : “The great objection made by most per sons to adopting the use of goods' of this de scription, has been, that they come higher than similar qualities of slave production.— Heretofore this may have been the case, with regard to the article of sugar, but the retail ing prices of our present stock, wc consider equal, as you will see by *he samples sent you. 1 lie other goods are on a par with those of the common kind—so that this objectioinvill no longer hold good. “We have considered this os the most ef fectual, and, at the same time, the safest plan that can be adopted, to bring about the de sired change in our own Souflsem States. By this, Ihe free produce is brought into fair and honorable competition with the slave and a market is always open for the goods • and the slave holder, finding that he" could more readily dispose of his produce were he to emancipate h;s slaves and hire them as free men, would be induced to do so, at least from selfish considerations, if be weir proinpti and by no nobler motive—so that we think the sub ject cannot be too strongly recommended to the attention of the community at" large. From th Philadelphia Ih llrtin. The Map of busy life. —No less a person than Bishop Horne remarks, when speaking ol ihe labors to which we arc a slave, “The follies, vices, ami consequent miseries of multitudes, displayed in a newspaper, are so many admonitions and warnings,so many bea coins, continually burning, to turn others from the recks on which they have been ship wrecked. What more powerful dissuasive irom suspicon, jealousy, and anger, than the story'of one friend murdered in a duel? What caution likely to he more effectual against gambling and profligacy, than the mournful relation of an execution, or the fate of a des pairing, suicide? Y\ hat liner lecture on the* necessity of economy, than an auction of cs tales, houses, and furniture? ‘Talk they of mo rals?’ There is no need of Hutchinson", Smith, or Paloy. < >nly take a newspaper, and con sider it well ; read it, anil it will instruct thee.” The authority of a Bishop was not no ecssary to convince every thinking man that a newspaper is an invaluable appendage to the domestic fireside—a companion which in. structs when company and conversation an not to he* come at. To the dialer, flu trader and the merchant, more valuable ’tha, a clerk—it truly teaches what follies may be shunned, as well as what articles are in’ re quest, What more useful L sson could t<> taught than the one w hich in almost cvcrv successive publication is promulgated—lmw this Bank robber, after all his toil and cun ning, is immediately defected—how the suc cessful desperado who has attacked the mail is, within twenty-four hours, in imminent danger of hanging, The gradations of vice with their punishments, arc all to be found in a newspaper. Detection so regularly follows crime, that one would think the* reader of a good journal could scarcely be tempted to forsake the paths of rectitude, when the chan ces arc so monstrously against him; but alas! for human nature, the sermons thus preached though practical, seem to have very little more weight than those of the pulpit; and the two joined together, are unable to prevent the increase of crime, though both arc un doubtedly of service in preventing much which would otherwise occur. In considering the. benefits conferred bv newspapers we must not omit the very great facilities they confer on conversation. With out them, conversation Would dwindle down to the merest local chit-chat of an Indian vil lage. Ghost stories and hobgoblins would he introduced to prevent an actual famine of so cial intercourse. Scandal would roam a small village like a wild beast among tire defence less hamlets of Africa. To become acquain ted with the proceedings ofcongress,each man must mantain a correspondent at Washington to know the price of produce, every far mer must visit the great cities in person at a vast expense, or be liable to being cheated by every simmer who prefers gain to telling the truth. Without a newspaper, what would the population of America know of the state ot Europe—absolutely nothing more than the vague and indistinct rumors propagated l>v ignorant letter-writers, and retailed with still gTontcr inaccuracy by ignorant hearers. That a newspaper is a map of busy life, is proved by the avidity with which a traveller or an emigrant seizes on the journal of his na tive village. It contains no valuable foreign news, but he traces on its surface the rivers, the little streams, and the tides w hich agitate the little world he has left. In the advertise ments he recognizes the hoys grow n to man hood the failure of their fathers, and the death of an old inhabitant or a young play mate the marriage of a lady whom he left in the undisturbed possession of half a dozen hearts—she has gmne through the hedge and taken a crooked stick at last! And the reflec tions, the green remembrances which spring up as those little spectacles arc presented to the imagination, are worth the price of twenty periodicals. A friend who has long been all sent in Europe, w rites us thus pathetically from Paris:—“l have been for some months m Germany, and should still be there, were it not for the absolute non-intercourse which subsisted between me and home. Letters addressed to my agents in Liverpool, found ineirway, it is true, to my remote residence, but an American newspaper, somehow or oth er, never penetrated to mv retreat for four dreary months. I could stand this depriva tion no longer. After having been in Parir twenty-four hours, I folt as if I had got very near Philadelphia. At Galignani’.s invalua ble reading room, I found a file of l’oulsoii’s admirable “Advertiser,” and I felt as if! was walking up and dow nmv native city I had got hold of a brick, at least, of Philadelphia. 1 read every advertisement to the very last one of a year old—deaths, marrrages, ship news, prices of stock, and all’ If my friends, who promised so faithfully, had only forward oil a single file of Poulson’s paper, I should st.ll he studying at my German University; blit it is impossible to endure tho want of this necessary of life." Ihe difference of intelligence rvinccd be tween a family of children who have no ac- cess to a newspaper, undone where this cheap and rational indulgence is permitted, has of ten been remarked, and is perceptible to the most causal observer. The advantages of all classes are not vet however, sufficiently ap preciated. Many neighborhoods are still un provi (i with this solace for unoccupied time. Books are invaluable adjuncts of a newsnaper, hut the latter should come first, and there is no fear that the former will no. follow. Though editorial puff* Of books an certainly not always to he depended on, how can the reader know what hooks are publish ed, without a newspaper? We have demon strated au outline ol our own opinion of pub ic journals, and must leave our readers to fill up the picture for themselves. Srrap of Biography —A biography of Rohcspherrem an Irish paper concludes thus: I his extraordinary man left no children be hind except his brother trho teas killed e‘ tye same time.