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Wim *£l3 THE PATRIOT’S CRAVIh This Sketch from the West is supplied by the Uiindis Magazine ; No. 6 of which but lately reached us. “In the year 1810, business called me in to the lower part of the State of Kentucky— that pjut which lies South of Green River, & which, at that time, was but little advanced in improvement or population. One day—and a very hot day it was—the rapid approach of a thunder storm, induced me to rein up my steed, at a log tavern, in the town of . Though a stranger in the country, I could at once discover, by the “signs,” that something more than common was going on in the vil lage. A large number of people were crowded round the door of the inn. Horses of all siz es, colors and conditions, whose equipments were as various as themselves, were tied to the branches of the forest trees, that still grew upon the public stjuare. The occasional dis charge of a rifle, indicated that some of the company were ■‘cutting the centre,’ for half pints, while others, w ho ‘had the best quarter aags in Kentuck,’ were prancing them up and down the streets. The conversation of those around me induced me to believe that the court was holding its usual session, in this seat of backwoods injustice ; and had a doubt remained, the stentorian voice of the sheriff', issuing from the door of a log school-house, with the ‘O yes! oh yes ! oh yes 1’ mu3t have satisfied me, that a general assortment of the wights of meum and tuum , was to take place. 1 Telt a curiosity to witness this srene! and having disposed of my portion of corn, bread and bacon, w hich 1 found at a table surround ed by a promiscuous throng of Jurors, wit nesses, suitors, lawyers, indictees, spectators, and county officers, I concluded to spend the Httle time I had tp remain, in personally view ing the dispensation of justice, in so rude a temple. The house was of a single story, built of logs unbowed. The judge was elevated on a small plank frame, a little raised above the pu icheon floor. The clerk was placed at a small table directly before him. The mem bers of the bar were seated around on tempo rary benches, made of rough planks, placed upon blocks of wood—but could not be distin guished by their appearance from the people who sat with, or stood around them. The u su;d forms and ceremonies of opening a couft wer f goingthrough with a celerityUmJ precis ion that would have astonished a Westminis ter lawyer. # * The first case in the civil docket was an action of slander, brought l>v-a father, an old soldier and an early settier, as ‘guardian and next friend,’ for words ‘false ly and maliciously uttered, published and spoken,’ against the plaintiff’s daughter a love ly girl of about seventeen. On thecallingof the cause, a person’s name was mentioned which I did not distinctly hear; there was a hustle in the crowd; and after a few minutes of pushing and elbowiftg, an individual ap peared, who announced that he wa# ready to proceed, as counsel for the He was a'tall, athletic man, of aluwt 35 years cf age-—with a fine, manly intelligent counte nance-—dressed in a hunting shirt of deep trimmed with yellow fringe. His face bore those indubitable marks of genius, and those traces of study and reflection, which cannot be mistaken ; while his fine form bore evidence equally strong, of habitual fatigue •and exposure to the elements. I pass over the incidents of the trial—the evidence which fully sustained the plantiff and left the pretty Jdipntofthe buckskin lawyer pure and spot essas the driven snow—and several speech- <.'9, which, though strong and forcible, did not strike me as extraordinary- During all this, the manner of the stranger, in the hunting shirt, was distinguished by little else than an appearance of indifference; but when he .rose to make the concluding address to the jury, every eye was fixed oh him —while the deep silence, the suppressed breathing, and the ea ger audience, attested, that a sense of the presence of a superior mind pervaded the whole assembly. Even that rough and mis •SeUaneotts crowd—composed of men, some sober, and some half sober, and some not so i>er at all—-was at once awed into silence.— The orator commenced in a low tone of voice, and recapitulated the evidence, in a style of ecloqtdal brevity and plainness ; yet even in doing this, there was something about him that convinced the spectator that he was more than an ordinary mati. But when he L' gan to warm, and rise with his suhject— v hen the fire began to illuminate his eye, -rid his voiae swelled out into its fullest tones, -when every sentence was filled and rounded Tilth a rich thought and richer language— when argument and satire, persuasion and in fective, burst from him in rapid alternative, t ie orator stood confessed in all his power. — lie spoke of the beauty, the delicacy, and the r.iniability of his fair client—of the helpless ness of woman, and the sacreditess of female haraeter ; he described her parent as an ag •d warrior; now trembling on the brink of the grave—and of the traduced he spoke—l can i ot tell how—but all who heard him shrunk, sand trembled, under the fierce, and bitter, & overwhelming phillippic of the indignant ad- Tocate. When he finished, the success of his effort was shown by a triumphant verdict from tl jury, and by the indignation, the tears, & t te acclamations of the audience, who rushed I'roNi the house when the orator sat down, as sf unable to suppress their feelings. I followed them out. The charm was bro ke 11 ; the people had resumed the use of their t iculties, and were now colliding in groups. Passing a little party I heard one say. ‘Did you ever hear a fellow get such a skin- I.lngV * ‘lt was equal to any camphirc ,’ remarked xnother. ‘That’s true j and well he deserved it,’ ad <fied a third ; ‘There’s no two ways about it.’ ‘Can you tell me,’ said 1, addressing one of i'-< in, who leaned on his gurt, while he wiped j eye with the fringe of his hunting shirt, ■* in you toll me the name of the gentleman t *; t has just spoken V •You are not a residentcr in these parts I t -won,’said he of the rifle. ‘ i am a perfect stranger,’Replied I. - i'hat is well seen,’ rejoined ijie hunter, o ht. rviee ycuwoukl never ask the question. THE MACON ADVERTISER, AND AGRICULTURAL AND MERCANTILE INTELLIGENCER. W hat man in all Kentuck could ever have brung tears into my eyes by the tin full, but Jo Davies V I bad seen in the gnise of a hunter the high ly gifted Joseph Hamilton Davies; and had heard in the obscurity of a log cabin, one of the choicest efforts of a nun who lias seldom been excelled in genius, in generosity of heart or manliness of character. Ten years afterwards, business again call ed inc to to the West. Anxious to view the improvement of this promising country, I ex tended my journey to the beautiful valley of the Wabash. At that period the population had not extended a great distance up the riv er. Here and there, even as far up as the mouth of the Mississinaway, was the log hut of the settler on public land, but the country was generally but sparsely populated. It was the spring -season ; and no country in the world presents a richer scenery, or more di versified landscape, than the valley of that lovely river, at this period of the year. A long the path which 1 pursued, one small prairie, skirted with the finest timber, and covered with a profusion of beautiful flowers, succeeded another; and the eye was continu ally refreshed with the graceful stream and its clear wafers. 'I he richness of the grass, the beauty of the forest, the mildness and bril liancy of the spring weather, and the enchant ment of the whole scene, induced me to lin ger for a time in the wilderness. One even ing I reached the cabin of one of the most re mote settlers, and learning that the battle ground of Tippecanoe was but a few miles dis tant, determined to visit it. On the follow ing morning, eaTly, 1 reached the spot, conse crated by the valor of our countrymen; and having tied my horse to a bash, at the skirt of a prairie, ascended to a small plain of table land, in the form of a horse shoe, where ‘Many a valorous deed was done, And many a head laid low.’ But few vestiges of the battle were remain ing. Here and there the bleached skull of some noble fellow fttv on the grass; and more than once 1 stumbled over the logs which had formed part of the temporary braast-work thrown up after the battle, and have since been scattered over the field. At an angle of encampment, and where the carnage had been greatest was a slight mound of earth, scarce ly Taiscd above the surrounding surface.— Near it stood an oak tree, on the bark of which ihe letters J. D. wc xfi rudely carved. This was the only memorial of one of the most favorite of Kentucky’s sons ; for under that mound reposed ail th it remained of the chivalrous, the generous, the eloquent, and the highly gifted Jo Davies." SKETCH OF SKRZYNECKI. General John Skrzynecki was horn in Gal icia, in 1797, and studied at Leopol. When the French armies entered Poland in 1805, Skrzynecki then nineteen years of age, left his father’s liouse, and enlisted in the Ist regiment of infantry, commanded by Colonel Kasimer Malachowski, now Gen eral of who lately covered him self with so much glory. At the opening of the memorable campaign of 1809, in°the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, under Prince Jo seph Poniatowski, Skrzynecki was raised to the rank of (.apftiin in the 16th reginient.thcn formed by Prince Constantine Czartoryski. In the campaign of Moscow, in 1812, he was appointed Chief of Battallion; anti in 1813 and 1914 he gave repeated proofs of his tal ent and intrepidity. It was in the hollow square of his battallion that Napoleon took shelter at Arcis-sur-Aube,when the regiments of the young guard gave way. The Polish soldiers transferred the precious deposit to the French corps, which arrived soon alter, and Skrznecki charging the enemy under the eyes of the Emperor, beat them back with considerable loss. Appointed Knight of the Legion of Honor, and of the Military Order of Poland, Skrzynecki returned to his coun try with the remnants of the Polish troops, and obtained the command of the Bth rogi inent of infantry, in the second brigade of General Igeacio Blunter, the same who re ceived eighteen balls through his body on the night ol the 29tR, November. Skrzynecki has distinguished himself on several occa sions since the commencement of the present campaign, and his brilliant conduct in the great battles of February have raised him to the highest distinction a soldier could pre tend to. * KOSCIUSKO. Thaddeus Kosciusko, citizen soldier, one oftheJ^st and most illustrious defenders of the independence-of Poland, his unfortunate country, was born in the year 1756, of a noble but poor family, and received his first educa tional Warsaw, in the company of Cadets.— He distinguished himself among them by his good conduct, his application to study, his knowledge of the math: matics, and of the art of drawing. The first prize young Kos ciusko’s merits obtained was to be included in the number ot the four students who were sent, at the public expense, into foreign coun tries to perfect their studies. He remained several years in France constantly applied to the study of science, and particularly that which relates to the art of war, relaxing irom his labors to cultivate letters and the fine arts. On his return*to Poland he obtained military serv ice and was named commander of a com pany,.but his country having no urgent need of his arm, and the banner of liberty floating in the New World, Kosciusko, hastened to cross the Atlantic and offer his services to Gen. Washington. The American hero soon had an opportunity of appreciating the valor and military talents of the Polish warrior; he made him his adjutant, gave him his confi dence, and employed him in the most difficult affairs. The companion of Lafayette, Lameth,' Gumag, and other French soldiers, he acquir-, ed their unlimited esteem and friendship.— He was loaded with the praisesof the ccJebra ted Franklin, and received the public thanks of the Congress of thirteen provinces. After the peace, and solemn recognition of the in dependence of the United States of America, of England and by the other European pow ers, Kosciusko returned to Poland. Ho there lived in retirement until 1789. At that epoch King Stanislaus andthe Polish diet attempted to oppose the domineering influence of the Empress Catharine 11. and her allies. Kosci usko was nominated General Major by the diet. The 3rd May, 1791, the King and ail the Polish nation adopted with enthusiasm a frje constitution; but they had neglected to solicit of the great Autocrat, of all the Russiasthe permission of being free and hap py, aiufsent an army to chastise this people whom she ulrcady treated as rebels. The young prince Joseph Poniatowsky was intrus ted with the defence of his country against the invasion of the-. Russians. Kosciusko held under him the command of a division, performed prodigies of valor throughout all the campaign, and excited a general enthusi asm in the army by his brilliant conduct at the bloody engagement of Dubienska. But his zeal and pure blood spilt for his country, could not save her from a foreign yoke. The week Stanislaus, intimidated by the menaces of her who had not always shown him so much vigor, hastened to negociate, and at last sub mitted to the entire will of Catharine. As soon as the shameful treaty of slavery was con cluded, Kosciusko and sixteen other patriot chiefs, retired from their employments. A short time after, he was forced to exile him self from his country, subjugated by the Rus sians; and he retired to Leipsic. The Legis lative Assembly of France honored his pat riotism by sending to him the title of French citizen. In the beginning of 1794, he re turned, by a circuitous route, to Poland hav ing been informed that the patriots of War saw were ready to begin a revolutionary move ment, that there was no time to lose, since the Russians were disbanding successively all the national troops. Kosciuski entered the town in the month of February, at the mo ment Madalinsky was ordered by the Russian General Tgolstron to licentiate his regiment; but instead of obeying, Madalinsky unfurled the banner of liberty, and drove tne Russians from Cracow. On the 24th £>{ March, the citizens of that town drew up the act of Polish Independence, and issued their proclamations in every part of the kingdom. Kosciusko was declared Supreme Chief of the national forces, and invested with n general dictator ship, as well for military and civil affairs, as for political relations with foreign Powers. His wisdom and moderation were well known, and no other limits were placed to his power save those of virtue. He proved himself worthy of that high confidence, and even his enemies could never accuse him of making bad use of his authority. The first use he made of it was to quit Cracow, and to put himself at the head 0i'4,000 men, the arms of the greater part of whom wore pikes and scythes. With this feeble corps, and without artil lery, he did not hesitate to march againt 12, 000 Russians, amply provided with ammuni tion of all sorts. There was not a moment to lose; other troops of the enemy were on the point of forming a junction with these. Kos ciusko exorted his soldiers to follow his exam ple—to vanquish or die. He attacked the Russians with the greatest impetuosity, pear Wraclawec, completely defeated them, took twelve pieces of cannon, and made 300 pris oners. His soldiers were worthy of their chief; a body of peasants, armed only with scythes, were seen precipitating themselves on the Russian batteries, and carrying them off. After several successful actions he re paired to Warsaw to organize the govern ment ; but the approach of a now and formi dable enemy soon forced himjto quit it to en gage again in fresh combats. The King of Prussia, entered Poland at the head ofun ar my of 40,000 men ; Koskiusko had but about 15,000 to oppose him. He was, however, bold enough to attack the Prussians near Szekocinv,x>n the memorable Bth of June.— The battlewas bloody and victory long unde cided. After having two horses killed ur% der him, and lost a great number of men, Kos ciusko succeeded, however, in occupying a strong position before Warsaw, and in cover ing that town, which the Prussians could not take- The King of Prussia having uni ted fresh forces, with whom several Russian corps had formed a junction, immediately in vested the town. But he employed in vain all the rcsousccs of force and art to reduce it; the citizens were menaced with total destruc tion : the Polish Officers. Were offered the continuation of their ranks and new favors if they would abandon Kosciusko. They all renewed their oath to conquer or perish with him. During two months the most sanguin- ary engagements teok place every day. A general assault was at length resolved on but the patriots repulsed the Prussians and Rus sians with considerable loss. Frederick William then saw himself obliged to raise the siege, and to retire with all haste to Prus sian Poland, where a general surrcction had just broke forth. Kosciusco detached sever al corps in pursuit of him, and was prepar ing to place himself at the head of a little ar my to penetrate into Lithuania. But the Russian General Suwarow, become since so famous, had already entered that province and had defeated the patriot Sierakowaski, near Brzese. On the otl*cr hand General Fessen, advanced rapidly at the head of a considerable body to join Suwarrow. Kos ciusco sesolved, at all hazards to prevent this junction; he left Warsaw in September; but fortune, that had till then seconded his valor, soon betrayed him. The orders he had sent to General Poninski were intercepted by the Russians; the corps of that chief could not join him, and the important passage of a river was forced by the enemy ; at last on the 6th of October, Kosciusco was attacked by the army ofGenerson, three times superior to his own. The battle of Macijowice, the most bloody and most fatal to the Poles, lasted an entire day; the Russians were twice repuls ed, and prodgies of valor rendered the for tune of the day doubtful, when Kosciusco fell senseless pierced with wounds. He had made his attendants swear not to to abandon him living to the power of the Russians, and it is asserted that some Polish horsemen, not being able to rescue his body, struck him with their sabres on the head, and left him for dead on the field of battle. The Cossacks were already preparing to strip his body when he was recognized by some officers.— As soon as the name of Kosciusco was pro nounced, even the Cossacks themselves tes tified the respect due to courage and roisfor tune. All the aid of art was lavished on him, and he was treated with the greatest regard. BTit an order soon arrived to have him trans ported to Petersburg, where Catherine who was sometimes generous, but then too much irritated to be so, had him plunged into a dungeon. He would, without doubt, have terminated his career in prison, or augment ed the number of wretched Poles who al ready languished in the desests of Siberia, if the death of the Empress had not come to change his destiny. One of the first acts of Paul 1. was to render homage to the virtues of Kosciusco. He not only immediately set i im at liberty, but granted him a pension, which the noble Pole would not touch and the brevet of which he sent back as soon as he touched a soil beyond the fear of Russian influence. When his numerous wounds were healed, Kosciusco repaired to America, where he was received as a citizen hero should be, who had been lavish of his blood in the two worlds for the sacred cause of liberty. In 1798 he returned to France, where the same honors awaited him; at Paris every faction was uni ted in celebrating his arrival, and his country men of the army of Italy having found, at the taking of Loretta, the sabre of an ancient defender of Poland and Germany, John Sobi esky, who had vanquished the Turks under the walls of Vienna, judged Kosciusco alone worthy of possessing the weapon, and sent it to him- Kosciusco preferred the sojourn of of France to any other, and remained there a long time without accepting, however, any employment. The Polish hero, in an humble retreat in the country, occupied his leisure hours in rus tic labors, and like the great Conde at Chan tilly, amused himself with the culture of flow ers. But he did not cease to be attentive to the destiny of his country and to give useful lessons to his fellow citizens. In 1814, when France was invaded by foreign troops, Kos ciusco happened to be at a country-house, in the environs of Fontainbleau. The com mune he inhabited was devastated by plun dering mercenaries; he throws himself among them, protects the citizens, indignantly ad dresses the officers of a Polish regiment he meets, and whose spldiers were not the least eager in that pillage. “When I commanded brave soldiers (exclaimed he) they did not plunder ; and I would have severely punished the subalterns who would have dared to com mit the actions 1 now witness, and still more severely the officers who should authorize them by their biameable indifference.” “And who are you, who sppak thus with so much boldness ?” was the question on every side, “j am Kosciusco!” At this name, the soldiers threw down their arms, supplica ted him to pardon them the fault they had just been guilty of, prostrated themselves at bis feet, and according to the custom of their na tion, covered their heads with dust. Kosci usco, unable to support the dismal spectacle that the country he loved next to his oWn pre sented at this epoch, quitted France, and af ter travelling for some time in Italy, at last retired to Solcure, in Switzerland. It is from thence that we must date the last re markable act of his life. In 1817, in pre sence of thq magistrates, and registered by a public notary, he abolished slavery on his es tate of Siechuwicze, in Poland, declaring free and exempt from all charges and personal ser vices the ancient serfs of his lands. A de plorable accident, a short time after, put an end to his glorious career. His horse fell un der him, and a grievous wound, the conse quence of his Fall, occasioned his death a few days afterwards. The old and the new World were afflicted* by the news. His Itody was at first deposited in the church of Sofcure, but his grateful country soon claimed the re mains of her greatest man. The Polish la ddies, with unanimous accord, put on deep mourning, and wore it as if fora father. His asiies now repose in the metripolitan church of Cracow*, between those of Sobieski. A colossal monument will be elevated to him ; and the brave of every country have a desire to participate in the expense. BuPhis mem ory will last still longer than monuments ele vated by the hands of men; and his glory, without a stain, which even misfortune could notsully, will be perpetuated from age to ago. The name of Kosciusco will be pronounced w ith longas there exists beings who know virtue and cherish liberty. THE RUSSIAN COMMANDER. Field Marshal Count Diebitsch is a little, fat, plethoric looking man, something less than five feet high; he has a very large head, with long black hair, small piercing eyes, and a complexion of the deepest scarlet, alike ex pressive of his devotion to cold punch and of certain irra%cibility of temper, which has. eli cited from the troops to the proud title of Za balkanski, the additional one of the Semevar or the He is the second sOn of a Prussianolficcr, who was on the staff,of Frederic. At an early age he entged the the Russian artny, and obtainded a commis sion in the Imperial Guard. It was at this time that the King of Prussia came on a vis it to the Russian Auctocrat and it so happen ed that it was Captain Diebitsch’s turn of duty to mount guard on the royal visit. The Em peror foresaw the ridiculous figure the little Captain vvouldcut at the head of the tall gren adiers, and desired a friend delicately to hint to him that it would be agreeable to his Im perial Master if he would resign the guard to a brother officer. Away goes the friend, meets the little Captain and bluntly tells him that the Emperor wishes him not to mount guard with his company; for, adds he, “V Em jxreur dit, et il,faut convcnir, que roux, V exterieux, terrible This delicate hint, that his exterior was too terrible to be seen at the head of troops not remarkable for good looks, so irritated the future hero of the Balkan, that with his natural warmth of temper, he begged to resign, not his turn of duty only, but the commission he held in the Russian army; and being a Prussian, and not a Russian subject, desired to he allowed to return to his native country. The Emperor Alexander, who ap pears to have formed a just estimate of his talents, easily found means to pacify him by giving him promotion in the line. He has subsequently made himself so useful in that part of the service, where beauty was not in dispensable, that the late Emperor placed him at the head of the General Staff, which situa tion he held when the reigning Emperor ap- him to succeed Count Wittgenstein in the chief command. He is a Protestant. Public Improvements. Internal Improvement. —Stimulated by the promising result of the enterprise in South- Carolina, the public spirited citizens of Sav annah are casting about them for the means of facilitating their intercourse with the inte rior. Tije time was, when Savannah wa3 na med Queen of Southern Cities ; and in the wealth of her commerce, the lofty and gene rous sjurit of her citizens, her splendid chari ties, and noble enterprise, she well deserved tlie title. But evil times have fallen on her. Her wealth has been cripled by the changing position of nations-; and the penurious policy our own state legislature, has prevented her availing herself of the natural advantages of her position ; and the consequence is, she stands nearly isolated from the rest of the state. Instead of constructing channels of communication to their own seaport,“Georgia is permitting her rich productions to find an outlet in other states, and Charleston and Mo bile, arc rising to eminence at the expense of Savannah. Apprized of these circumstan ces the citizens of Savannah have lately pro jected the enterprise of consructisg a Rail road from Savannah, through Macon to Co lumbus. It is a magnificent, though a bold scheme ; and in this, it partakes of the cha racter of its founders. But although bold, it is feasible ; money may accomplish it. Let a portion of the ten millions , which we were lately enabled to toss at the Bank, be applied to this undertaking, and it cannot fail. We hope our friends of Savannah will not let the subject rest where it is.— Col. Democrat. Rail Road again !—The New York Arne rican says the Haerlem stock is in great de mand. Books were opened yesterday week —and in the course of one day, more than four times the whole amount [-$350,000] w’ere subscribed for—nearly a million and a half for one work-in one day ! —-iS&fc. Rapid Improvement. —A tract of land situ ated on the margin of Lake Ponchartrain, whence the Rail Road from New Orleans reaches the Lake, has in consequence of the Rail Road, and the establishment there -of a port of entry, been divided into town lots by Mr- Milne, the proprietor, and recently sold at auction in New Orleans. Tlie sales amount to $259,246. It is said that the -site of the town, which is called Milnelfhrg, and a body of land adjoining, extending about nine miles towards Lake Borgne, was bought of the Spa nish Government for $lO5. Savamirfh Georgian. Erom the Camden Journal. RAIL ROADS. The Editors of the National Intelligencer, themselves among the most adroit, aS they are unquestionably among the. most urbane and gentlemanly conductors of a newspaper in. this or any other country, notwithstanding what we deem, the obliq-uity of their present poli tics, are carrying on one of the gentlest, hos tilities ever recorded in the annals of literary warfare, with a professional brother of the same cast of character. They and the Edi tor of the Baltimore Gazette whom every one who reads his excellent paper will acknowl edge, to be an ornament to his profession, are hurling honied missiles at each other, upon the comparative excellencies of Canals, and of Rail Roads. Their “peaceful animosity” as the New England Militia General’s toast once had it, is becoming quite a diiuty to the readers of the respective papers. “Our ex cellent friend, the esteemed Editor of the Ga zette” throws some wondrous exploit upon the rail road at “our worthy brethren,* the able Editors of the Intelligencer,” which latter gentlemen forthwith fire off' a nine pounder loaded nearly to<thc muzzle witli some dcs peratejeat upon the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal—wadded-with a spare quire or so, of good w ishes for the aforesaid rail road, and sundry sentences of very savory “soft soap” for the Baltimorean. In a belligerency of this sort it is quite impossible te remain neutral, and we have been for some time pondering upon the part ought to take. To keep upon the fenee in an affair like this, is out of the question. We must espouse the cause \)f one or the other, of the conflicting Editors’ pets or be accused of* trimming. We owe much to the Intelligencer for its courtesy to us——on the other hand we owe a debt of gratitude to the Gazette for a slight drub bing it once gave us for laughing at its ever lasting repetitions of the geography, at and about the Carrolton Viaduct, and a place call ed ‘-Lilicott s mills,” if our memory does not mislead us. On the whole, as our private foe lings stand about balanced, we shall proceed to take sides, and settle this matter at once. We wish all prosperity to Washington and its wortliy Ex-Mayor—and we hope the great Western Canal will realize their loftiest ex pectations. But as at present advised, We declare for Rail roads. We have no doubt ol their superior utility* and none in the world that the Baltimore rail road in particular, will far transcend in usefulness and importance any Canal that ever was, or ever can be dug. There is no comparison between the celerity of travel and of t ransportation on those roads, and on canals. It appears to us that this has been too thoroughly tested to leave any chance for cavil. Haying settled this matter Ex- Cathedra , the parties are enjoined to lay down their arms; upon pain of hearing from us again. In the mean time, it is only fair to show our readers how the Intelligencr winds up its latest notice of its “worthy” antagonist: “One esteemed friend of the Gazette is kind enough to add the following: “We are much gratified with the promise of the Editors of the Intelligencer to visit us as requested—we hope the visit will be made soon, as it is now in our power to extend the ride on the Rail-road some miles beyond El licott’s Mills.” 3 “We wait only the arrival of a venerated and valued friend here, to make the promised excursion with him. To this promise wc an nex only one condition, to wit: that, if we arc put into a locomotive, (of which we observe some notes of preparation,) the car shall not he propelled faster than at the rate of a mile a minute" Public Security. MUTUAL INSURANt The recent calautious Fire at Favcti* n rendered the more so, by the U m it P 7 suranee upon property, brought to our'" collection a communication rece.ni* . lished in the National Intellio-enccr appeared to us, at the time, to contain valuable suggestions. W e are confiS in our impression, on its re-penil think it capable of being made the er ' work of an eligible ,„osc We subjoin such parts of it as are ncc t „, ry to a proper understanding of m which the writer has in view: * ' cj “I he project I have in view is simply a that every person owning property, J* dollar on every thousand that the prone! may be worth, every year; and from L* calculation that can be made, this will * ? more than the average amount of p rc J; consumed by fir 6or otherwise. I have the pains to ascertain the value of prowl? say houses and furniture, in this city 2 from that amount, there would be three t! sand seven hundred aud twenty dollars T' tritinted every year, as a fund for the n.m!!' ol paying for, rebuilding or repairing pro? ty consumed or injured. I have no doS taking these circumstances into view p* not only the wealthy, but those who have be five dollars invested in a small tenement will see the propriety of the project, and would be giad ufan opportunity to live secure form small an amount as it would take to insure his property should this project go into opera tion. It would do away with Insurance Offi ces—the Directors of which are making them selves rich on those risks, not on their own" but the very money, that is paid by those who have their property insured. It would aim interest the citizens, as they would then L saving the property for themselves when call, ed to a fire, and not for the Insurance Cbmpa. I would submit to the consideration of tlie rub! ic to ascertain for themselves how much property has been consumed in the last tin years; average that for one year, and I have but little doubt but the conclusion will be that the sum proposed will pay the losses, 1 would say, by the way, that this mode of in. surance will apply to shipping or any other property in City, Town or Country. Sun ;>ose that the fire should destroy more than the first few year’s subscriptUh would, amount to, there is no coubt but that remuneration may be made to those out of the subsequent year s subscription. But take ten years as a standard term, and I have but little hesitan cy in saying, that at the rate proposed, it would meet the damage sustained— not to’bn too sanguine, it would double the damage* and in course of time, the amount in hand, if put out at interest, would pay for all the damn, ges sustained by fire in this city -1 presume that some may think this pro. ject would be attended with considerable ex. pense,by creating Clerks, Officesy&c. to trans act the business; I see no reason for suchi conclusion. Let the persons pay the money into any hank designated by those concern ed, and subject to the control of twelve Directors, two of each Ward; those Diree. tors to be chosen by the Company; the moij. ey to be drawn tor no other purpose than to pay for damages sustained by fire, &e.- Those Directors to serve one year I pro. sume no gentleman would have any objec tion to serve gratis, as it would be probabk that their would not be wanting more than one day in the year, which is and very little loss to them, taking into consult ation the many days w*e spend for no profi or useful purpose. No Collector need \t employed, as it might be obligatory on ever person to pay the money on the day they ir sure. I submit the foregoing for public cor sideraiion : and hope that it may prove a last ing benefit to them. If so, I shall feel rat:- fied.” “The price ofLißEßTris eternal vigilance.” from the Huntsville (A.) Democrat, true sign —ln the last National li telligencer, we have the following extract from the Florence Gazettel “Another sign—The Florence (Alab.) Gazette says”—“Notwithstanding a large majority of the House of Representatives and a decided majority of the Senate, when Gen. Jackson was first elected, were his thorough going political friends, there are now large majorities in both Houses opposed to the prin -ciples of hjs Administration, and we think, opposed to his re-clcction.” Now we challenge the Gazette to prove the correctness of what he has here stated.— Lest, however, he should think it not proper, or should think it entirely convenient to do so, we will take upon us to prove that it is not correct. —\V e must first say one word to the In telligencer, by way of reminding him, that if he will review his ethicks, he will discover, that he who know ingly propagate a misrepre sentation, is a.s culpable as he who first gives it currency.—The Gazette must have spoken of the sentiments of the Legislature of 1830, and 1831, and if what lie has stated be the truth, the members of that Legislature were either hypocrites, or liars, or both. Now for the proof. In the Journals of the House of Representatives of the last session, page 26, we find after the preamble, the following join! resolution: “Re it thefore resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Alabama in General Assembly con vened, that their confidence in the fitness of Andrew Jackson for the office of President ot the United States, is increased and strength' ened by the republican principles he has in* troduced into his administration, by the meas ures he has recommended, and by the just and elevated views he has from time to tiipe pre sented of the true policy of government. it further resolved , that in their opinion, the best interest of the union requires his re elect ion” &c The resolution then goesc* to recommend Gen. Jackson to the other states, for re-election ; and concludes by ap proving in the highest possible terms his vet 1 ) to the Maysville road hill. These resolution* Passed the 11. ofR. by a vote of 64 to the fi tful minority of!, And the some resolution* passed th,a Senate, without airendmcst' -^’