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fl . , iU , > ,tj I-ri.j.ir Gen. Jack.* v j j or.fi r to connect ft 'fs'aSiv i' of the street and ■ V movem-T? over witness-; ft ■ ' lrtu 11 ‘:v, When the ground was ’ft::itli- co:i ; ' V tint the Auniver ric-' Independence, suould be ■ryot t |j,. !a .ui party, in a eel*, ■juini-'K'-'’/" ’ t [j o members ot the tree Party v nmwt-j ■’r.ul-’ - ;1 ‘•, ~ i patriotic ioclinga of ft 1“ !'’ IheutU™ revolted at a ft 3 - 'I, which manifestly convoyed a ■ro:fiC Jin -' -it,.d imputation against ft arfha ;'Se voacats, and winch no one ■hc.rpoo..- • '•* .Rubied to engender VeVonsequaners .of which no ■nun.win; ll;l!au vcd. Though ■ trio!c .■t! s pr( :ding, the State m< ‘ ! 7 .V • thirtv stifled as much Session of their feeling?, ft C:;-Vdi.V spirit Of peace to cole* ft. ifr.lav by themselves, men ly proclaim- with one voice taeir unaljcr fcjt- their perfect fi ft' ! .:.. : c. -.ml t-oir entire de ft C ! 'l/tR' Union. They did hone that B°.cheoiduct 'i their part and especially tins KV' .’•’•’ration-of their tiue sentiments ft a them from any further ft V 0 'i'ncv had indeed been accus to listen to the denunciations of H?Mv.rt!-a''.iinst whose fatal policy their ef- and so faithfully been .It they ha 1 seen themselves do* ■ )l jiic'd m certain presses as “the Disunion ■V >• Conscious however of the integrity ■ BnftVir principles and the entire di.sinterest- E,| mil patriotism of all their views, they ■Lvc tr such attacks with the scorn and ftmtH-mr which they merited. ’J'hcy can* Brat hut regard however the late invitation to |; p r s j Cat, taken in connexion with his re- Bn v (coming as the invitation does, from a Bri'spocUhte’aiul responsible sou re; ) as enti- B- Jo a (li’T rent treatment at our hands— ■&,. character of the proccedini. r, and the Bshole tone and temper of the correspondence Bmnifcstly imputes to the State Rights and Bpreo Trad'' nirfv of Charleston, a settled has- Bn7t7 to the Union, and a determined purpose B f s briii? about, not a r-dr.'ss of our grievan- B hat a dissolution of the confederacy, and B ( eui'-al Jackson, as the executive magistrate Bef the United States is given to understand ■ tint such arc our views, but tnat there is a ■ p ; tv r.r.r sas u-ho are real!y attached to the ■ f vitoti and determined to preserve it, and he ■is in effect invited to come and Unite with I them iii putting us down. It’ this bo not the IrriiC-imrrj'r t.'ifioii nf this [.recording, i‘ is I f;>os! manifest that if is that which has been I put upon it, by Gen. Jackson himself who, in I allusion to the “civil ccr.vrlcienJ” with which | c is told thiscoiomunity is threatened strong -I,’ deprecates “a separation” of the States— [and at the same time lie Ids out as “an ir.sur -1 mountable barrier to any plan oidisorganiza- I t'.oi i,” the r-xer'ioa of the. executive power of the Union. “We have looked in vain in the records of party for a parallel to this extraordinary pro ceeding. A midst the most violent political struggles which have heretofore taken place in Soufh-Carolina we believe no precedent is to be found for an attempt on the part of ei- Slitr of the-contending parties to hold up to the worl 1 tk ir own brethren, <isdisorganizcrs nd disunionists much less to invite the co operation ni the national executive to put i them down. But we trust that those who ff ••, 11 tt the Suite Rights party are to be j in smallest degree influenced in their ■ f •. ortltc State of South Carolina to uc ] 4 ‘ train file prosecution of what she r 'i v vefohe In r constitutional rights | £ - -nr those, have grossly mistaken j r ?'■rolina spirit, which even when 1 -ft. c un ! r a sense of injury, may be * by kindness and forcbearance, : ‘- v r nedriven from its honest, pur ;: ‘ice or menace. We depre d ig the more, because noth- R'ly tend more directly to give - iiiait to the supporters of the Amer \;sta::, and to call into action those ■ -igs which may put an end to all hope of 'fora? ami make reconciliation impossible. J ,s ' H ‘b ,e most unfeigned regret that the • i.v nights and Free Trade Party find in n ‘ reply to the invitation of the Unoti I arty, evidence of the partial success efforts winch have been made to infuse ! D, ° 1 ’ la -nd distrust and suspicion as to our *’UC motives, principles ami objects. We 1 lllo * nut regret that Gen. Jackson did not ’ acknowledged “private worth, and ,:rr. °j ur c ' (his own long tried, ’ r j votc d friends and supporters) con ' 7 e <n -donee that “the sentiments incon- S-K, ■ aa attach,neiit Q the Union,” p 1 informs usf'huve been ascribed to .j m!J st have been falsely “ascribed l ‘ n ‘ . Arid regret still mere that he . o‘fen that credence to which it was c c | entitled, the solemn and unanim* ecclaration recently made at a public n t jr 1I . 1 ” 01 ti*eState Rights Party in this city, i 10 preserve, .inviolate the Union of the to the principles, cf the utm' u-° !1 ’ ' s ° ur !acrec l a od imperishable „ r J"7 O s ‘ not stop to make further T f OI } sof to the Union. conV. b K n conclusiv ely shewn in our past 1.. 77’ a ‘ s , l ap hy that forbearance which err !y S | >Utl| P l, . ro, i na * ( lc,losc P rinr! P lcs tiswp-i, , ° r<:^;uri lor ten years from the #„* , n '! °‘ * ,f ' r sovereign rights, in reference w 'hic!rlu*r Legislature, sever pj alnc e, solemnly denounced “as utter-' grossly unequal and op -1., p :-' ;p ‘ ar 1 1 ' 1 KUC h a n abuse of power as is •ii;aiibio with the principles of a free et • t' lo great ends of civil soci , J 1,0 State Right.Tnnd Free Trade Par ffo,*.. 0 a .’ 1 * o * ,s bow adequately to express their om '' Sll, ‘ le,lt the course pursued by their j; 1 ,,. J'',, U '? °" !,eci:lll y Vhen they call to mind cii’iv'■' * j l ‘ ,r "rounds which wcnowoc wi(h l*h f r '° n l ° 0111 controversy l , , l , ’? ,,r,,l . Govorn ' non ti aro tlie ver x taken i" , tKIV(! “ ocn over and over again on p 1-V t,l! ’ ta,( '> u '*h tiie almost unanim be,,t l ', i . rrencc °f all her citizens, (kin it !,. 11 ■' * :, at o,vr opponents remember the v 7 ’S" ’j 1 ( ’ lr Prate it adopted by both ,J, ' # ' ' n ” ? m 1823 f or the AGRICULTURAL AND MERCANTILE INTELLIGENCER. lit,solutions p t-ted in the same year by the Senate by a vote of flti to 6? (Jr do they mean to and. .mince as treasonable the recorded s°ii ti,ne.ita of South Carolina ? Lost these tiling in*}' ] ‘ avc been forgotten, wo will here quote a portion of the proceedings referred to, and leave it to the: world to decide who are most unmindful of the obligations of patriotism, those who ir.antained these sentiments in’ L IS-m, arid now denounce us for continuing to sepport them, or those who ri-t'use to abandon the big grounds so publicly and solemly as sumed by (he State herself.' In the proceed ings of the Legislature in December 1823 (in reference to the American system) we j hate the following solemn declarations; “that! this Legislature are only restrained from the' assertion of the sovereign incurs op the I state (which they declare to be purely a j question of expediency, and not of allegiance,) ! “in the hope of the abandonment of a svs tern, partial in its nature, unju.st in its opera- j i ’ion. and not within the powers, delegated to ! i Congress.” And further, “that as' South , Carolina from her climate, situation and pe culiar institutions not only is, but must con | tinue to be, wholly dependent upon agricul-j tore and commerce, not only for the prosperi- ' ty, blither very existence, if l,y the loss of i her foreign commerce her products should be i confined to inadequate markets, the fate .of this once fertile State would be poverty and utter desolation .” And that, “Impressed with these considerations, they feci it to be their kounden duty to expose and resist all encroachments on the true spirit of the Con stitutioii.” “In the proceeding of the Senate to which we have above referred, (and which passed the House by a majority of six to one,) it is among other things stated, that “to use and exercise powers not delegated by the consti tution, or tp extend the verbal meaning of i the expressions of that instrument, so as to include, by ingenious implication, powers not meant to be conceded by the States, who met in confederation, is on the part of the general government usurpation ; to act upon powers thus assumed, and to compel obedi ence to them, is tyranny: to permit such usur pations without remonstrance, and if need be, resistance, is to betray the right of the peo ple; to change a confederated into'a consoli dated government; to sanction tyranny, bqth in principle and in practice; and to deliver our citizens and their property, bound hand and foot, to a despotism whose existence and character was never contemplated &c. “ That , “the several .States, South Carolina among the rest, have also their own distinct, reserved , nndelegated rights, which it is eqal ly their bounden duty to u-atch over and pro tect from all encroachment; and this duty the State (of South Carolina) will not neglect, but, on ail occasions, if need be, will, faithful ly to the utmost, and at all hazards, perform.'" “That “the system, of years, intro duced among us, termed the American Sys tem, including the right of protecting Domes tic Manufactures, bv taxes imposed upon the consumer, (not for the public necessities, or the public good, but to foster and protect one f lvort and class of citizens at the expense of all the rest) including the whole plan of internal improvements, by means, of roads and canals, by which certain States are benefitted at the xpensc of the common Treasury is. a system, not only partial, unjust and oppressive, but is entirely os a whole, and in all its parts a | gross and inexcusable usurpation on the part iof the General Government. This American j System has been gradually imposed upon the ' Union by means and measures unjust anu un ! authorized. It admits of no defence on eon ! stitutional principles. The powers claimed, j and connected with it, are no where clearly ito be found in that Constitution. It erects the manufacturing States into a favored Aris tocracy. It degrades and depresses the char acter, the industry and the prosperity of eve ry agricultural State. It imposes burthens, for which the South receives no equivalent. It renders us, in fact, tributaries and labor ers for the benefit of the manufacturing States. Against this state of things, South Carolina has repeatedly remonstrated in vain. She has been contemned in her sovereign capacity; her rights have been trampled upon ; her re monstrances lie neglected on the table -of Congress; her oppressions have been almost yearly increased; and no system of redress has been held out to her hopes or her entrea ties.’! And it was therefore Resolved t “That the Acts of Congress for the protection of do mestic manufactures, are unconstitutional, and should be resisted; and the other States are invited to co-operate with South Carolina in the measure of resistance to the same.” &e. “On these proceedings no further comment is necessary than this, that the evils thuscom plained of, still remain unredressed in every particular, and yet to this day Soutli Carolina lias done nothing to disturb the peace and harmony of the Union. The State Rights and Free Trade Party, have hitherto submit ted with most exemplary patience and for bearance to the grossest imputations upon their patriotism, they have all along manifes- ted a sincere desire to preserve the public peace and to cultivate the most friendly re lations, towards those who differ from tlisrp in political opinion. They have not indulg ed, and will not even now indulge any feel ings of personal hostility towards their oppo nents. They have not complained, and will not complain of any fair and candid efforts to point out what may be supposed to be their errors of opinion, and if it can be shown that their principles are false in themselves, or calculated to produce the fatal consequences attributed to them, they shall be ready and willing to acknowledge their errors ; but they are men, and claiming also to be patriots, j will riot submit to be branded u s IJisunionists j and Traitors. Be it therefore Revolved, That the imputa tion upon the. Plate Rights and Free Trade I Party, of their entertaining any design against the Union of these States, corne from what quarter it may, is A RASE CALUJINi. roanßfanMnnii Plain Speaking. —ln an appeal case, a wit ness was asked by Sir Edward Krtatchbull, to relate what took place between him and his master, which lie did as follows ; —“ l told him ho was a liar.” Chairman—Very impro per language. Witness—Can’t help that, I come bore to speak the truth, and yon have S- *‘n VAttir.TY. A Frenchman wishing to take for IJutlalo; was asked by the driver if he had any extra baggage. “Extra baggage 1 ! what < all you d'at. I have no baggage but rny tree trunks, five dogs, and von black girl.” ' A £fon tlcni.in mistook ft lady’s arm for her waist, and in dancing a waltz seized the for mer instead of the latter. Cut he got well punished for so gross a blunder, for the lady lrotn that day forth, never forgave him for supposing her waist could possibly be as j thick as her arm. rr.. Tne wife of a sexton belonging to one of the churches at \\ liitehaven, was lately in terrupted in the middle of a harangue upon the hardness of the tinns, by a person who oflfer ied to sell her a couple of duck?. “Ducks !” ' ext I aimed she, “ how can 1 buy ducks or any tiling else, we have not buried a living soul these six weeks.” I'jVidcncc of the senses. — A rough bov stole I the glasses from his grandfather’s spectacles, and when the old gentleman put them on, finding lie could not see,he exclaimed, “mar ey me. I’ve lost my sight ?” but thinking the impediment to vision might be the dirtiness ol the glasses, took them off to wipe them ; w lien on feeling them, he, still more frighten ed, cned out, “V. iiy, what’s come now, why I have lost my feeling to ? - Whiskers. —The Indians of Brazil and Guiana adorn their faces with a fine orange coloured plumage of the toucan. They cut the skin from the breast of the bird,’and when dry, glue it to their checks. Perhaps it would be well for those luckless wights, who think there is an irresistable charm in full grown mustachios, to adopt the same plan, it would shorten their “tarry at Jericho,” and save the infinite amount of labor and vexation attendant on the cultivation of whiskers. An Irishman's Ft ly —An Irish soldier passing through a country village, a large m&stifl ran at L:m, and lie stabbed the dog with a spear he had in bis hand. The own-, cr of the dog carried the soldier before a jus tice of the peace, who asked him why he did not rat in r strike the dog with the but-eiul of his weapon ? “And so I should, an’ phase your honor, had the baste ran ct me wuh his tail." smaaiy. Tuesday, July 56, 1831. (gj Thp apqual conference of the Methodist Prot estant Church will be held at the old Camp Crouud, near Marion, Twiggs County, commen cing on Thursday next. PROFOEfcID KAIL jftOAD SIEETTNG. The certain practicability of rail-roses has been sufficiently ascertained; and their immense im portance in the transportation of produce is ack nowledged. It appears that conceit and promptv t ude of action now alone are wanting to insure the accomplishment of the great object. The citi zens of llibb and gentlemen from any other coun ties that may he here, or may find it convenient to attend, are invited to convene at the Court house in this place at 10 o'clock in the torenoon of Sat urday the 13th of next month to deliberate on the subject. II G. LAMAR, C. H. PRINCE, C. B. STRONG, c. j. McDonald. Macon July, 22d, 1831. (yj* “ Querist,” in the last Mcssangor, is re spectfully informed that he shall receive due at tention from us it he appears under his proper sig nature. W e will not give any adversary ofour‘3, the advantage of an ambuscade. If Querist was as logical as he is financial, he would know that it is not incumbent upon us to prove a negative. It is his duty to disprove our assertions. Ilia false and illiberal inuendoes are beneath our notice. The editor of the Advertiser would have re plied in to-day‘s paper to the article which ap peared in the last Messenger, signed S. Rose, if considerations had not been submitted to counter act a reply. Mr. Rose being from town, we do not wish to avail ourself of his absence, but shall await his return, when we will make it ouj busi ness to pay our respects to him. tfj' We published in our last a part of the Re monstrance of the Free Trade and State Rights Party of Charleston S. C. against the charges made upon it by the U nion Party, of the same city, which was all of the Remonstrance received at that time. As it is a subject ofstirring interest, we have thought that our readers would like to see it entire, and we have accordingly this evening laid the whole of it before them. RAIL ROAD CONVENTION'. The enterprising gentlemen to whom the “Cir cular” of the Eatonton Committee was address ed, have broken ground on this interesting sub ject with a promptitude which does them much credit. As we have not the least doubt that the projected meeting of the 13th proximo, will de cide upon the propriety and necessity of sending delegates to the Convention, we beg leave to sub mit toYmr fellow citizens the names of OLIVER 11. PRINCE, Esq. and The lion. 11. G. LAMAR, as gentlemen eminently qualified to represent on that important occasion, not only the interests of Macon, but the general Interests' of tire State.— Each of those gentleman, particularly the for mer, have by a well matured study, njado them selves intimately acquainted with the system of Rail Roads, and will no doubt make dllcient aux iliaries in bringing to a speedy • consummation the contemplated enterprise. TOWN AND COUNTRY. It is now the season of the year when the rrlflx | ing and fervent heat of Summer, ami the dull, I smokev, streets of the Town, drives the j fashionable lounger, the man of business, the lan guishing invalid, and even the haggard debau chee, worn down by midnight carousals, to woo the sylvan retreats of the Country, aud enjoy its balmy atmosphere, and its Calm and quiet pleas ures. Even the Dandy, and Dandizctte, forget for a while the meretricious ornaments cf the tci lefie, and the vapkl and unmeaning coiiqxliments of silly admirers, and sigh for that relaxation and retirement w hich exhausted nature requires. The blue Stocking too, is carried away in her rosy dreams to Pierian Springs, Arcadian Groves, and founts cd Amnjon. There, she hears the clear whistle of the patridge, as he promenades his fields of golden grain-w-there'she drinks in the deep moaning of the turtle dove, as its plaintive notes are heard through the piney forest— and there, too, she listens with melancholy pleasure to the vesper and matin hymns of the poor wailing ,\\ hi.p-poor-\V ill. Thus, led by fancy, pleasure, or health, a gay, grave, and miscellaneous assem blage are now rushing to the country —some to watering places, and others to more secluded re treats. In her Mineral Springs, Nature has been pe culiarly bountitul. to us. There are three within a short distance of Mae-on, —the Indian, Springs •10 miles—the Spring Hill Springs, 22 miles—and the Montpelier Springs, 10 miles: the waters.cf each have been analyzed, and are said by scien.-v tific gentlemen to possess valuable medicinal qualities. In addition to the Springs, there are several private Retreats, still nearer Macon, where pure water, wholesome food, and. a salubrious at, mosphere, are ready to greet such as are fond of less promiscuous and more retired situations. We should like to see our Mineral Springs and Country Retreats more patronised than they are. For all the purposes of health and rational recre ation, they are not to be tixeellcd even by those splendid watering places, the Balston and Sarato ga. These Springs, certainly present a more brilliant, luxurious, and seductive appearance than ours—and fashionable Folly with all her winning blandishments, presiding over the scene, waves a more magic and potent wand than is flourished ateur comparatively rude, but yet beau tiful and picturesque retreats, where the Hygeian goddess sports free and unconfmcd as the pure and buoyant atmosphere in which she breathes.— There is also a social and patriotic incentive for us to foster our ovvu establishments in preference to others, particularly when we can derive the saint benefit from them. It would concentrate more closely the social relations of our State, and by bringing our citizens in immediate con tact, make them bettor acquainted with each oth er, and form end strengthen attachments which ccuhl not otherwise have existed. In addition to this, the fund which we appropriate for out Summer expenditure, whether in pursuit r f ease or health, would remain among us, and add to, instead cf subtracting from, the general wealth of our community. We would thus, by a proper attention fo our own institutions, not only augment our pecuniary resources, but at the same time improve and embellish all cur social virtues. ANTI TARIFF CONVENTION. Totlie disjointed exertions of the South and West, and of such p< int3 c f the North and East, as are opposed to the onerous and oppressive im posi lions of the present 'i arilT, may be attributed their failure in successfully combatting their adversaries, and correcting the abuses of that abominable policy. While we have been Littering away our strength in detached affairs of uncon nected out-posts, and discharging mere signal rockets of alarm, the enemy have been bearing clown upon us in solid columns, and by an ingeni ous plan of concerted operations, have defeated us in every field, and carried all triumphantly be- fore them. Let us then concentrate our forces, and meet thorn foot to foot, and face to face. And we cannot more effectually do this, than by rally ing around the Convention which is called to meet in Philadelphia cn the 30th September next. It behoves us then to lie on the alert, and prompt ly to enter into such arrangements, as will not leave us unrepresented in a convention, where all our talent and influence should be put in requisi tion to redeem those privileges which a misguid ed policy has wrested from us. We therefore respectfully suggest that immedi ate meetings he held in every county throughout the State, for the purpose of nominating and elect ing the same number of Delegates to the Conven tion, as constitute our representation in Congress. If any better suggestion can be made. We will with pleasure yield to it. But, as the period of the Convention is rapidly approaching, we have no time to lose. Let then our leading men immediately proceed to business—for useless de lay and idle debate might withhold our influence from the Convention, and thereby substract from the efficiency ofits operations, by the loss of our Representative aid. FOREIGN. An arrival at New York from Havre, brings ad vices a little later than our former dates. The la test is from Warsaw, May 16th, which informs that an affair between the Poles and Russians, in which Field Marshal Ricbitsch, was engaged, had taken place cn the 13th, near Jendrzejow, the official report of which had not arrived, and notliingof its result then known. Sine* this en gagement, the Warsaw Courier says, that the movements of the two armies announced a gene ral battle. We may therefore look for bloody work, if the next arrival should briug us later dates. Vive la Poland ! In addition to the above, the only article of in terest is a circular from the National government of Poland, which represents the Russians as hav ing committed the most atrocious cruelties, in the revolutionary provinces of Lithuania and Augus towa. The Circular concludes by saying that sev eral officers and citizens who had unfortunately fallen into the hands of the Russians, Were shot on the spot —and that a Major Schon, whose chi valric conduct had decorated him with the Mili tary Cross of Poland,and the Cross of the Legion of Honor, was, after being severely wounded and taken prisoner, loaded with chains, exposed to public insult, and hanged immediately after wards. MASONRY, The annexed article is extracted from the Montpelier Vermont Watchman. Wu should have noticed it before, and entered our protest a gainst the base subserviency which it inculcates, had it mot out eye at an earlier period. At any crisis but more particularly the present, v:e deeply regret that there could V- tutye i a fda- | son, so Insensible to the principles of the Craft, and to the honor of the “sinoturt fraternity,'’ as to recommend its dissolution. We objeet to the measure at the present time, because it would be construed, by the persecuting Crusaders against Masonry, into an indirect adinisssion of their slan ders —and we would object to it at any time, be cause we still look upon the institutiod as one eminently calculated to do.ja great deal of good, & that too without reference to either political or ecclesiastical matters, which too frequently in terrupt the prosperity, and disturb the harmony t of society. We view the whole affair of the meeting, how ever, as another strategern of the Anti-Masons, to weaken a cause which they have long attempted in v<fitv to injure. But it can hvail them nothing. Free. Masonary is based upon the “Rock of ages” and will continue to flourish until time is no more—and long after her most powerful opponents have sunk into obscurity, the moral excellencies of her institutions will be felt by thousands in the enjoyment of her widely extended and munificent benefactions. From the. Montpelier 17. Watchman AnoimoN of Masonry. —Oil Wednes day evening last, an informal meeting of members of the Masonic fraternity, from dis tant parts of the state, was hidden in the vil lage, to discuss the propriety and expediency of recommending the surrendering the ma sonic charters, and the entire giving up of the institution in Vermont. The discussion was free and general, and with open doors.— A majority of masons present were decidedly in favor of the measure, as a duty, which ns men and as masons, they owed to their friends, to the peace of society, and to the quiet of the state—a sacrifice of private feeling on the altar of public good. Such a course, we are aware, will meet the deep displeasure of men who love to ‘ride upon the whirlwind and di rect the storin’—men whose only hopes of ri sing to public notice, a no engrossing the hon ors and emoluments of office, are based upon excitement—but it will be cheered with the hearty response of the great mass of the lion ost and uneonscientious portion of the anti masonic party, and by the great and good men of all parties in the nation. Cfj* The Commissioners of Macon, having ve ry liberally Lot upon the commons for the purpose of Education, the citizens of this place ure respectfully solicited to attend a meeting at the Court House, on Saturday next at 1 o’clock, I*. M. to make such preparatory arrangements for the establishment of an Academy, as they may deem prefer. A Personal Insult.-— Self-will predominates through every event of human life. At a row which took place in a northern city some time ago, while brick bats and clubs were Hying about m every direction, and the doughty combatants panting for glory, a negro was laid level with the earth hy one of the mis siles of the opposite party. Raising his voice above the din of battle, he demanded a par ley, at the same time saying—“ What gcrnplin j trow dat last brick l Someone trow him —end if he only say who he was, 1 won’t ex pose him !” CommunirafioiiH. For the Advertiser RAIL ROADS. The benefits of rail roaa transportation are so great and so numerous that their general use at a future and not distant day is a moral certainty. For when the interests of a whole people point in one direction, and when that interest is great and manifest, a correspond ent movement must inevitably ensue. This effect follows that cause as surely as the gen eral use of the compass, of printing, and of Steam, followed those noble discoveries. We are on the r ve of a revolution or change in tlife Comm re: J and Agricultural interests and in the social economy of the country as great as any, and much more sudden than any which have preceded it. The agricultural prosperity of any people in the present state of the world, and in any state, depends main ly on the exchangeable value of their products. And this exchangeable value depends not more on production than it does on transpor tation. For that farmer is as well off* who has nothing to sell, as he whose surplus pro ducts must fot upon his hands. These prin ciples are among the mere rudiments of polit ical economy and arc self evidently true in the abstract. Now for the application. A man owns land in Hall or Habefsham which produces, or would produce Wheat, Tobacco, Wine, Fruits, Cider, Beef, Pork, I Lay, or some of these. Or he finds on his land, Lead, Iron Ore, Marble, Ocre, Gyp sum, Blue Limestone, or some other Mineral pro ucts equally valuable ; but their weight is such that it would costas much to get them l to market as they would sell for if there. Oi course he cannot think of furnishing ary of these for market, and his land is not worth a. dollar more to him for its capacity of yielding them. These, and many other products which could be grown or found iu that upper region of our State arc in theii; nature very valuable ; but as matters now stand, they might as well, as to anv C to the owners, be imbedded ten thousand feet deep i|i the cen tre of a solid rock, But let us suppose that some magician would agree to take up those articles, fif.y or a hundred tons at a time, whenever required and carry them safely in two days to a shipping port, say to Savan nah for a cent or half a cent a pound. Would not this lie to every essential and substantial purpose a creation of anew agricultural country ? The truth is, it would be more to the benefit of the owners of land in that quar ter of the State, than if the whole of their present soil was taken away, and replaced with a layer ten inches and rep of mould from the banks of the Nile, For what good would thgir Egyptian soil do them, if they cquldiiot get their prodets to market. Thq importance; the resoufees and prospc rity of the middle regions of the State, though not utterly dependent on rail roads, like the counties tar in inland ; must be benefitted by them to og incalculable amount and p many modes more than can now fie particularly spe eified.Tuke the transportation of produce as an instance.. A farmer, who is, now at the cost of §l3O to get his cotton to market, could con vey it there on a rail road for§3o. It is man ifest that his crop will in that case yield him, §IOO mqto than it now does—and it is equal ly plain that his land would bring in the mar ket if he wished to sell it, a propoitiouably larger price. Let any planter living at two hundred miles from Savannah ask himself how much higher a price he would set on hi•; land than he now does if it was removed jiiet as it is, to within sixteen miles of that place. TRANSIT. For the Macon Advertiser, Clinton, 24th July 1831. Mr. Editor. —lt will be recollected that, Congress passed an Act on the 3d March, 1826, appropriating'twenty thousand dollars, and dire ted a survey of the Peninsula of Flo-, rida, with a view of ascertaining the practica bility of cutting a national canal across the Isthmus, between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic. Two brigades of United States Engineers were detailed the summer following, agreea ble to directions from Brigadier Gen. Ber nard, to reconnoitre and make preliminary surveys,.for the purpose of ascertaining the capability of the Isthmus for a canal, and oF what size. Such were the laborious duties and nation al importance of the surveys, that the Board of Internal Improvement at Washington, could r.ot prepare themselves to make an official re port upon the subject, until February 1820, When they reported that they had found it practicable to construct a Steam Boat CanaTl from the Suwannee to the St John’s river, by way of the Santa Fe and Black Creek—thq distance foi excavation from 40 to 48 miles. It was desirable on the part of Congress fi* have had a Ship Canal, hut the Isthmus wan found incapable, upon the summit level, of furnishing a sufficient supply of water for a canal of such large dimensions. During the last session of Congress, anoth er act was passed, appropriating 810,409,30, lor the purpose of making the definite survey and an estimate of. the cost of the work. In pursuance of this last act, Engineers have been detailed to locate the exact route of the canal—to bore the earth and sink shafts upon the summit level, and to make minute expe ments of the extent of the practicability, and report to the ensuing session of Congress, the measurement and estimated cost of the work to complete the said canal, to connect the Steam Bpst waters of the Gulph of MexL co and the Atlantic. In the rounds of my present tour through tha. Southern and Western parts of the State, I met with the Honorable Joseph M. White, n few day? ago, at Marion Twiggs county, di rect from Florida :—He informed me that r had been ascertained by the Engineers, wh have, by this time, nearly completed their fi nal survey, that they had found more water to supply the canal, upon the summit level, than was discovered on the former survey ; and that-in sinking shafts they had met with no subterancous passage; but found the ma. t<*rials of which tlirj earth is composed beneath, highly favourable for the excavatior being clay and stratums of hard mixed cartn, inter spersed with Quarries of lime stone rock, which will easily yield to art and labour. As this information is important to the country; and was not communicated as a se cret, 1 trust it will not be deemed improper for me to notice it through the public Journals. We may now expect that the subject will be officially reported to Congress at the ensu ing session, as preparatory to the passage of an act appropriating the amount of money which may be ■equired to carry this gn at national work into complete and successful operation, with as little delay as the nature ofits importance will admit; which will pro duce ftn era, of no less magnitude, to tho ng ' ricultural and commercial prosperity of the Northern and Western States, as to the Mid dle and Southern States upon the Atlantic : A steam boat may then leave Pittsburg,Penn sylvania, or the Mandan village?, in the ex treme Northwestern Territory, with a ftj’i cargo,and land tho same at Charleston, South Caroline, or any of the intermediate ports, and return to the place from whence she mar start, laden with merchandize for the con sumption of the vast interior of the United - States and Territories : The Island of Cuba, will no longer be considered a Key to tlx* Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico, W. B. DAVIS, i -MA^RHUX On Tuesday ever mg, l,y Rev. Mr. Pope, Dr, M Burt/eH,editor of the Macon Telegraph, to MU* lab it ha N. I{j' t’67/, 'laughter of tatac Harvey. f £\* Hire • \ N EGRO WOMAN, who is an excellent -i a. hou:,e servant aßd seamstress. RALSTON & JONES. Ju.iy 2G, It—23 James a. blaxton & jeremiah smith, Under the firm of BLANTON & SMITH Respectful!j tender to their friflds and the public, their services in the if House AND Commission Business. J.V .IWVICO.V, THEY have taken the large new Ware House and Wharf, between grepnd and third streets, both of which are constructed on the njost approv ed plan and arc in fine condition. A convcniei!* cltose store, for the of Merchandize will be erected forthwith. The proximity of the Ware House to the busi ness part oftown, and at the same tiirfb its com parative remoteness from other buildings, togeth erwith the advantages of the excellent wharf at tached to it, render it peculiarly convenient, as well as, measurably exempt from danger by tire. Liberal advances will be made on cotton iq store, & shipped by them—and evprv other rea sonable accommodation granted. The personal attention of each Of the firm will be given to the business, and their utmost exertions used to pro mote the interests of their customers. JulylS, I9?I, * • JU-lV