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but that they shall be equal, and no reference shall be given to the ports of one {tale over those of another, yet as being apor ®OßOf the taxing power, given tv itii the view ( raisin" revenue, it is from its nature re-' J riC ted to that object, as much so as if the p or „ en tton had expressly so limited it; and ' V. jt'to effect any other purpose, not spe wed in the constitution, is an infraction of instrument, in its mcA dangerous form; an infraction by perversion, more easily made, j „, o re difficult to resist, than any other.— Tho =aaie views is believed to be applicable tn tii. pmv- rof regulating commerce, as well „|j t j ie powers. To surrender this impor principle, it is conceived, would be to surrender all power, and to render the gov ernment unlimited arid despotic; and to yield it u’> in relation to the particular power in question, would be in fact to surrender the control of the whole industry and capital* of the country to the General Government; and would end in placing the weaker section, in a colonial relation with the stronger. For noth in" are more dissimilar in their nature, or may be mere inequally affected by the same lav"; than different descriptions of labor and property; ami if taxes, by increasing the a jaunt and changing fhe intent only, ma : , be strverted, in fact, i-.ito a system of penalties :, m rewards, it would give all the powers that could he desired, to subject the labor and prop erty of the minority to the will of the majori ty'to be regulated without regarding the in terest of the former, in subserviency to the will of the latter. Thus thinking, it would scein unreasonable to expect, that any adjust ment, based on the recognition of the correct ness of a construction of the Constitution, which would admit the exercise of such a pow er, would satisfy the weaker of the two sec tions,particularly with its peculiar industry and property, which experience has shewn ir.av he so injudiciously effected by its exer cise. Thus much for one side. The just claims ofthe other ought to be e [tially respected. Whatever excitement, the ysteni lias justly caused, in certain portions if our country, I hope, and believe, ail will :anr,ede that the change, should be made with he least possible detriment to the interests if those, who may be liable to be affected by t, consistently with what is justly due to oth ks and the principles of the Constitution.— ■oeffect tiiis, will require the kindest spirit Hf conciliation, and the utmost skill; but, even Hull these, it will be impossible to make the Harsition, without a shock greater or less; Humph 1 trust, if judiciously elfected, it will Hot L without many compensating advanta- Het. That there will be some such, cannot be Houhtcd. It will, at least, be followed by Heater stability, and will tend to harmonize Be manufacturing with ail of the other great ■forests of the country, and bind the whole ■ mutual affection. But these -re not all.— ■nother advantage, of essential importance to ■e ultimate prosperity of opr manufacturing ■ulustrv will follow. It will cheapen produc ■wi,* and, in that view, the loss of any one ■ranch, will be nothing like in proportion to Be reduction of duty on that particular branch, ■very reduction will, in fact, operate as a 1° every other branch, except the,one ■laced ; and tins the effect of a general re ■ii'tion will he to cheapen, universally, the ■ice of production, by cheapening living, ■g'S and materials; so as to give, if not e ■;d profits after the reduction, profits by no ■fansreduced proportionally to the duties; ■ c.mcb winch, as it regards the foreign nar ■t, is of (he utmost importance. It must be on reflection, that the means adopted I" ,l|i! ' iC home market for our mrmufac ■tes, are precisely the opposite of those ne- H. "'_ ,n the foreign. In the former, ■pincrcacrt expense of production in con ,]cc o: a system of protection may be r t-i.ni compensated bv the increased K a 101,10 °* the article protected; but, in ■ J 1 r ,ills advantage is lost, and as there ■'‘o° wr corresponding compensation, the K* e C f* t ° P ro< luction must be a dead o, "'-'ign market. But whether these Bi^' i i’ J3 l" i:in y others, that might hr ■: ultimately. compensate to the . . c , n '’ or no h l he loss to the manufactu- -n l*.* UCtK>ll °* *‘lo duties,, certain it a I;iV ° a !’l )r °ached a point, at which Can,iot nm ch longer delay- Hi '1 ‘ j lIG 1 IG ~lnrc' promptly it may be met, Bafcr l,. XCi,rmCnt t * lere be, and the Hs 1 !l|f!T J,C a,1( ! Outness for a cautious ’ ,0 l ) . cr . :it i° 11 making the t ran si • lei,.- lI,J 111 becomes those more imme ■atthev , r ° Sted lh] y to consider. Nor u ° P^ £r l°°k> in considering the ,; n U .-V c ’ ia *'acter of the claims Ben.' iont SK C3 j le one asks from the Bloricin,|" !) a,Jv;inti igo, but simply to be rnK" 1 Ul,( * lstl| rbed possession of their iHn ‘ n '! fff ’ 8 > (° secure which, ns SlSte,lf " * la other objects of I' i;i !° n *' vas o!,e °t their leading mo side r .|.. 1,n ® "V a hhiion ; while tho or ! !lc advancement their ’i I os| tive interference of the Cov- H ... !, . cases * on every principle ■ tnt 0 r K Justicc * s ueh interference BtflMo.vhi ' Vl,hin *inita strictly B. [i ", 1 * K; oaturai advantages of the ] 10 ’ looking to all of the causes nfiV n r?. r n ! > ! )r °aeli of the final at* i '• tl ' iC < l £; i ) t. the growing dis- S "cn r f >, r , | Ul<:oI ° ,lu; N vs,, ni, in so ° tlc ooiinfrv, the deeper prin- T n ‘ C . l o PP°sition to it is gradually Bjr'nt.', 'S’ IIUCC(J > infatuated not to ■WCb, '* un a voidable ; and that ,r. , ‘. u o (ir much longer delay it, ml:.;-: il:t lllcrp; ‘se the shock, and the use< i uericcs which may follow. ri(.i |' l ! np-'uions, i have cxpi seed, i' PCn by an unkind foel jßr,,'.''* 0!Ir iiK’uifac’uring interest. I Bfasrre * °anno! concur in al! of B'Puan? 'i j V' aVO * ,c ” n t 0 °'l" H 1 I'olicv.-’, consideytitiuiw high* f orb;,! <I ?r s V OM o1 ’ mere pecuniary in- Hl'i'da r vi <Cir r S0 ‘ subordinate to H S lo ^o^i c-v* v * * re t? r d the nd- Hnictip :. " i ' c atiical and ebetnical iin* ® : 10 ar<3 with feelings little H" u'lt n ,°! on, - v ’ nR 11 10 prolific I r :it a). Vntl? and ,rKiiv . ; 'lal wealth, but, H'v. r ti,., ' G . rgJng the dominion I 'Jij ' rial v ? orl( !i and, then ’ V,; * loa.jdation of n ’ : gh!y i;p ADVERTISER, AND AGRICULTURAL AND MERCANTILE INTELLIGENCER. proved condition of society, morally and pulit caily. I fear not, that wo shall extend our power too far over the great agents of nature; but. on the contrary, 1 consider such enlarge ment of our power, as tending, more certain ly powerfully, to better the condition of our race, than any one of the many powerful causes, now operating to that result. With these impressions, 1 not only rejoice at the general progress of the arts in the world, but in their advancement in our own country; and as far a3 protection can be incidentally af forded, in the lair and honest exercise of our constitutional powers, I think now, as I have always done, that sound policy, connected " security, independence and peace of the country, requires them to be protected, but, that we cannot'go a single step beyond, without jeopardizing our peace, our harmony and our liberty; considerations of infinitely more importance to us than any measure of mere policy, can possibly be. In thus placing my opinions before the pub lic, I have not been actuated bv the expecta tion of changing the public sentiment. ' Such a motive, on a question so long agitated, and so beset with feelings of prejudice and inter est, would argue, on my part, an insufferable vanity, and a profound ignorance ef the hu man heart. To avoid, as far as possible, the imputation of cither, 1 have confined mv state ment on the many and important points, on w hich I have been compelled to touch, to a simple declaration of my opinion, w ithout ad vancing any other reasons to sustain them, than what, appeared to me, to be indispensa ble to the full understanding of my view s; and if they should, on any point, be thought to be not clearly and explicitly developed, it will, 1 trust, be attributed to my solicitude to avoid the imputations to which 1 have alluded; and not lrom any desire to disguise my sentiments; nor the want of arguments and illustrations to maintain positions, which so abound in both, that it would require a. volume to do them any thing like justice. I can only hope, that truths, which I feel assured, are essen tially connected with all that we ought to hold most dear, may not he weakened in the pub lic estimation by the imperfect manner, in which I have been by the object in view com pelled to present them. With every caution on my part, I dare not hope, in taking the step f have, to escape the imputations of improper motives; though I have without reserve, freely expressed mv o pinions, not regarding whlnerthey might, or •night not, be popular. 1 have no reason to believe, that they are such, as will conciliate public favor, but the opposite; which 1 great ly regret, as I have ever placed a high esti mate on the good opinion of my fellow citi zens. But he that as it tnav, I shall, at least, be sustained by feelings of conscious recti tude. I have formed my opinions after the most careful and deliberate examination, with all of the aids, w hich, my reason and experi ence could furnish; I have expressed them honestly and fearlessly, regardless of their effects personally; which, however interesting to me individually, arc of too liitlc importance, to be taken into the estimate, where the liber ty and happiness of our country are so vitally involved. JOHN C. CALHOUN. ' Fort Hill, July 2G!h, 1831. ______ ; I [from the N. Y. Jour, of Com. Axis;. 3, Eve Edition .1 i 3 DAYS LATER FROM ENGLAND, j Brought by the packet ship York, Capt. Bur | ley. The most important news is the Death of j Mondial Diebitsch, Commander-in-chief of the Russian army operating against the Poles. SPEECH FROM THE THRONE. On Tuesday, June 21st, at an early hour, every, | roof, window, balcony,' and doorway, from St. James to St. Stephens, were besieged with eager and expecting beholders, “At length the roar of cannon announced the departure of the royal cor tege from the palace. Tiie intermediate time, until its arrival at the Parlaiinent, was marked by the reverberations of the multitudinous voices that hailed the King at every turn. “Along the line the signal ran,” and the feu de joic of loyal voices in continued cheers, notwithstanding the \ parched lips and fiery faces, was kept up with lit tle intermission. Tiie King, we thought, looked , pale and dispirited; and the cheering was nhtso ] loud and enthusiastic as the crowd woulu have I led us to expect,” About two o’clock, he entered the antique ' chamber, in niagnigeeut robes, and took his seat i on the throne of that long line of Kings, amongst | whom there has been few more popular than ! himself. The commons were summoned, and his Majesty, in. a voice apparently ulfectod by a slight cold, delivered an address. FROM THE RUSSIAN HEAD-QUARTERS, AT KLEGZEYVO, June 10. lam under the painful necessity of announcing to you that the liupenal Russian Commander-in Chief, General Field Marshal Count Diobitseu Su- ! bulkansky, suddenly died this day, at half past 1 o’clock, at his head-quarters at Kleezewo. The army mourns in him a distinguished Gen eral and a kind guide, who interested himself for i all those under his command, treated is conquer ed foe with a nobie leeling peculiar to himself, and sought to lighten the heavy burdens of war to the inhabitants of those districts whither his glorious career conducted him. PARIS, June 22.—Marshal Diebitsch partook of much of the character and manners of General ’ Blueher. He was rather mare capable of combin ing a plan of tactics; but, like "Blueher, had the | complete manners of a soldier, and, an active spir it. He was a great eater, arid had the deplorable habit of drinking daily after dinner several bowls ofpunch,in order, as he said, to promote digestion, and keep oil" the cholera morbus. STILL LATER FROM ENGLAND. By the Ship, Hubert Hut-ford, Capt. Candler, ul Chnnentun. It is confidently stated in the London Courier, of the 30th June,that several of the Russian nobil ity, who had been serving in the army for the last three years, had retired to their estates, being <unwilling to J'ght longer again- t a noble nation struggling for its independence. This gives a com plexion to the war, highly favorable to the cause of this long oppressed, but gallant people. Prince Leopold, in a letter to the Belgian Con gress, has accepted the Belgian Crown, on con dition rhnt the Congress adopts the measures cal ciliated to consolidate the new Kingdom, and to obtain ifs recognition by Europe. it is very common with the inhabitants of free countries to think that all sudden deaths of dis tinguished men under despotic Governments, are produced by violent means. We are not sur prised, therefore, at the statement that General Diebitsch had destroyedhimseif to avoid the pub* licicity of a dismissal, for having shown mo much humanity to the Poles; and for the reason assign-., rd we disbelieved it. Letters from Berlin and Paris, however,mimost makes us credit the re-1 port of Diebitevh’s self-destruction. Ho is stated to ha v <? written to the Emj'ercr cf Ilycain a letter, 1 urging him to ncgociate with the Poles, and to have received an unfavorable answer, with com ments on his conduct, which a high-minded and honourable man could not bear, and the immedi ate result is said to have been suicide. maconT Tuesday, August 16, SHJS 8. Kail Road. Sleeting. Macon, Saturday 13/// August 1931. A number of Citizens having convened at the court house this morning, pursuant to previous public notice, to deliberate on the best method of uniting the sentiment, the interests, and the efforts ot the public, in the construction aim use of Bail lioads : On motion, Oliver H. Prince was called to the Chair; and Win. P. Hunter was appointed Sec’ry. On motion, Unsolved, That this meeting will ad journ to Tuesday 30th inst. at 3 o’clock at which time the Superior Court of tnis county will be in session, and convenient opportunity be thus af forded ior the general attendance of the citizens of the county ,& toothers who may choose to^ttend. Resolved, I hat these proceedings be published. G. H. PRINCE, Chairman, VYM. P. IHJNTEIt, Secretary. eato.vtox coxvextios. Many counties have appointed their Delegates to the proposed convention at Eutontoo. We have heard from the following: From Chatham, Wm. B. Bullock, Thomas Young, M. Myers and John C. Nieholl. From Muscogee, Seaborn Jones and John Milton . And we observe, that meetings are called in Put nam, Morgan, Jasper, Jones, Harris, and Bibb.— See proceedings of adjourned meeting in this coun' ty. We hope there will be a more lively interes 1 manifested at the adjoined m.Kiting, Congressioxai. Elections. During this month, the Congressional Elec tions are progressing in several of the States.— From Alabama, North Carolina, and Virginia we have partial returns. North Carolina. From the Halifax District, John Branch,* ex- Secretary ofthe Navy, without opposition. Warren District, Robert Potter, Newborn District, Jessee Speight, . Raleigh District, Daniel J. Porringer, Caswell District, Mi/g. //. Shepherd, Salisbury District, Abraham Rencher, Morgan District, Samuel P. Carson, Surry District, Jjewis Williams, Wilmington District, James McKay.* (All wi tit out opjio'silion.) In the Charlotte District, Mr. Conner, present : incumbent, is opposed by Bartlett Ship. In the Fayetteville District, Mr. Deberry, the I present member,is opposed by Lauchlan Bethune. | In the Taiborough District, Dr. Hull, is no doubt ; elected; he was opposed by Mr. Lloyd. In the Edenton District, Wm. B. Shepherd, is | doubtless elected over his opponent, John 11. j Wheeler. * Messrs. Branch and McKay, are new members. j Virginia, j Andrew Stevenson, Nainaiiitn 11. Claiborne, and Y\ m. I. Gordon have been’re-elccled, for l their respective districts, without opposition. In J the Norfolk District there lias been a close and ; animated contest between Mr. Loyall and Mr. 1 Newton. Mr. L. is the present member, and the ; friend of Jackson, and whose seat, it will berecol i lected, was contested by Mr. Newton, before Con- Igress, at the former election. It is very doubtful, | from the returns yet received, which lias now suc ceeded. Mr. Newton is opposed to the adminis tration, but having so long Worn the livety ofthe public service, as to be designated the “ father of Congress,” it will be found a more difficult task to keep him out of a seat, which lie occupied as a statue. Alabama. There can be ne doubt of the re-election of Dix on 11. Leans, who was opposed by the late Gov i ernor, Murphey; 12 or 1500 votes majority. S. .W. Mardis, anew member, has defeated hisop ! ponents Garth and Bayler. C. C. Clay, v. e be- I lieve, is elected without opposition. John Gay/e ' will be elected Governor, over Nicholas Davis. “Mr. Calhoun's Sentiments-** | “ . —But slay, Sir Peter, and hear his sentiments." “Sir P. Teazle. —His sentiments — Oh, d— his sent /teAs”*-scKOOL kor scandal, (from memory.) This elaborate display of political Janus-ism which we commenced in last Friday’s paper, is concluded to day. We hope our expression will j not be considered unjustly harsh, for it is not our i intention to be so. It lias been, and shall always J continue to be with us, a rule of conduct, to speak ( cf men and measures as they are. We have seen Mr. Calhoun, as the Second dignitary in this great Republic, called upon to avow his attachment for, or his opposition to, anew principle of Nul lification, which would give to a single state the right of secession from the Union.— . How has he answered this call ? Like an intcl- J ligent and high minded statesman 1 or, like a dis j interested and devoted patriot? No. He has the subject. By a useless display of words, by common professions of patri otism, and an overweening solicitude to concili ate for himself the good graces of the two great con tending parties which divide the Union, he has I exemplified in an eminent degree his ..igh claim to the character of an accomplished political TRIMMER. Mr. Calhoun’s “sentiments” as he calls them, are embraced within twelve compactly printed columns. A nut eholl could have contained them, had he spoken to the question—but instead of doing this, hecnter3 into a long irrelevant and of ten repeated argument to prove that the govern ment of the United States is a representative gov ernment —that all power is derived from the peo ple—that the general government lias delegated , and the States, reserved riglos, and that the Ex eeutive, Legislative and Judicial Departments, are separate und distinct grants of power. Af- i tor, having gravely informed us of these constitu tional declarations, with which every school boy is acquainted, lie oracularly tells us, that should the general government usurp to itself an uncon stitutional exert ise of power, a remedy is to be found in a Convention of the States, “three fourths pfw’aich. in fact, form n power whoso decrees are t.;e Constitution itself, and whose voice can si lence all discontent.” Wonderful politician— sagacious statesman —inflexible patriot! what new lights hast thou shed upon constitutional doc trines ! Having thus disposed of the constitution, secun dem orient , the Y'ice President takes up the Tariff, (which contains an episode on the National Debt,) and tells us—no doubt he supposes for the first time-r-that that “Bill of abominations” is consid ered by one party as unequal, unjust, and oppres sive. Reflect, reader—the Vice Presideut does not tell you, that the measure is unequal, unjust, &c. but merely that it is so considered by others— not by lum. O, no—he is too much of a fence-man for that: Non-committal is his motto. But to deal uiirly with him. lie tells you, that “The system it continued, must end, not only in subjecting the industry and property of the weaker section t > the contreul of the stronger, but in proscription and political distianchisement,” &c. This assertion, however, appears as a note to Mr: C’s “senti ments,” —vye cannot therefore confidently vouch for his making it. It might-have been made by his Editor, and the probability is, that it was, if we regard the general tenor of the “Sentiments” —for, in conclusion, Mr. C. observes: ‘ln forming the opinions I have expressed, I have not been actuated by an unkind feeling to wards our manufacturing interests. I now am, and ever have been DE CIDE DL Y friendly to them, though I cannot concur in all of the measures which have been adopted to advance them.” Again :—“YY’ith these impressions, I not only rejoice at the general progress of the arts in the vi orid, hut in their advancement in our own coun tiy ; and, as tar as prolection can he incidently af torded, in the Fir and honest exercise of oHr con stitutional powers, I think now, as I always have done, that sound policy connected with the secu rity, independence, and peace of the counlry, ro. quires them to be PROTECTED.” Mr. C., tak ing the context of his “Sentiments,” might with the same propriety have observed, “as far as pro tection can be incidentally afforded to INJUS -lICE and OPPRESSION, in the fair and hon est exercise of our constitutional powers, I think now, , I always have done, that sound policy, connected with the security, independence, and peace cf the country, requ ires them to be protect ed." This hasty notice embraces every thing essen tial, contained in the sentimental “Sentiments.” Mr. Calhoun, has warily followed the advice of the cunning Scotchman, “ /river to write any thing but what will bear Iwa constructions ” he is therefore enabled to prove, upon any emergency, even from his “Sentiments” themselves, that he is, oris not a Tariff man. Who would not be a skilful politician 1 Who would not be a “Senti inentaT’-iat?—Beside all this, Mr.C. has admira bly succeeded, by the puldieation'ofhis “Senti ments, in forfeiting the confidence of the high toned free tvade party of South-Caroliua—in dis gusting, by his flippancy and inconsistency, the more temperate but firm antagonists ofthe Tariff and in losing the countenance of the “American System” men, in consequence of the ambidex trous game he has shuffled off upon them. The gentleman’s prospects are certainly very exliilora ting. IHatributlon of Office*. “Of all the cants in this canting world, the cant of” Party “is the worst,” It disturbs too equanimity of our temper, and nnliinges our very philost pby, when we hear the malapert politicians of the day talking about the distribution of offices. “Oh! their offence is rank!” —We would rather submit to the castigatio, ol a man of war’s cat-o’-nine tails—to the everlasting % • O caterwauling and caterclawing of Anne Royall— or, even to the j iitical consistency of Wilson Lumpkin himself—than to listen for one moment to their “bald, disjointed chat.” Far example ; In a contest for public favor their party becomes defeated. Asa matter of policy, and as an act of justice to-the partizans, or the adherents if you rather, of the dominant party, is distributed the patronage within its gift. Whereupon the defeat ed Opposition raises a yell which makes the welken ring again, crying out with one voice, “ Murder and Unconslilutiontidily ! Ihbbcry ahd Intolerance and then bar - g their “red right hand” to the people, they continue their indignant and patriotic cxclaio. ! “Follow Citizens! our liberties arc on the eve of litter annihilation! Cor ruption and Treason, like Cataline and his Satel lites, are stalking around you in the broad glare of day ! ! Will you, fellow-citizens—we repeat it, u ill you fellow-citizens, suffer such acts of cold blooded enormity to pass before your eyes unheed ed and unpunished!!! Will you nod, will you doze, will you sleep, will you snore, in the cradle 1 and upon the pillars and palladium of your liber ties : ! ! ! turbid it all ye spirits of glory—forbid Sammy Pleasants— forbid it Toby Watkins !!!!! But, fellow citizens-you nny ask what has arou sed us to" this indignant appeal ? We will tell, you. It must be ks own to you as a matter ol" po litical record, that by your voices you have tiioUVht fit to make , Presidentof the United States, and , Governor of Georgia. Although this was done in opposition to our wishes, such,is our tolerant feeling towards you that we cannot blame-'you—but could we have controlled your suffrage, candor compels us to say, we would have ordered things'better. But let us to the point. Those men, whom you have elevated to the exalted stations which they now eujoy, have— can you, would you, dure you be lieve it—we say they have —and if you “have tears to shed, prepare to shed them now”—for we repeat it, they have —aye, they have, in defiance of common humanity—in defiance of the laws—in defiance of the Constitution, they have bestowed upon their political friends who advocated, and stili continue to advocate their odious principles, the OFFICES WITHIN THEIR GlFT—in-l stead of conferring them upon us, the only true I patriots—the only exclusive republicans of the age !—ln conclusion—'Let it not be said fellow-! citizens, that, your desertion of us, can in any way shape, or manner, justify onr proscription by your favorites. If you have done us wrong, it is not right they should do us wrong. “ANY HOW” we should come in for a little." Now, iu sober seriousness, let us ask every re- fleeting man in the community, if the above is not a fair and hones! translation of the ridiculous cant; which is too much iu vogue, about the distribu tion of offices. TIIE SUN IN A “BLUE WAV.” “ There are more things in heaven and earth, Ho ratio, than are drcampl of in your philosophy. ” YY T e had a constant series of cloudy weather du ring the last weeV. The sun was continually struggling and wading through huge masses of deep blue vapour, which rolled around his solar Majesty in fantastic shapes, dimming him of his lustre, and shearing him of his gl'ry. Some times partially obscured, and anon peering through a fleecy volume of cerulean hue, his disk would catch tie tinge of the cloud, & then apparently stag qering through the overloaded atmosphere,his face would look as blue as a midnight reveller n turn ing from a festive carousal. This singular ap pearance soon attracted the attention of our won der-loving Maconites, and in amomentour streets and windows were crowded with men, women, and children. All the smoked glass, telescopes, and almanacs, in the town, were immediately put in requisition—and then began a war o{speculation among the agitated crowd, highly creditable to the astronomical genius ofthe age. A sage old gen tleman from the country declared as 1 f„ firm be lief, that the phenomonon could he accounted for in no other way than by supposing the Sun had been traversing some immense plantation of indi. go, and by his powerful attraction had extracted its colors , and thereby smooted his face This very reasonable conclusion quieted lbr a time the fears of the assembly, when they were aroused again jby an elderly lady, who bad cracked sixteen pair j of specs, which she had been smoking for the pur | pose of assisting her visual organs. “Indigo, in deed,” said she, raising her phrophctic eyes, “who ever heerd of the blessed Sun being dyed with indi' go—no, no—it is the ssa-sarpent’s hack as I live. Don’t you see ’tis ’flecteu upon it!—and hav’n’t you heerd ofthe divil’s being in our waters,—and who knows but he’s now in the Oakmulgy.” Here an universal consternation prevailed; but it was happily dissipated by the timely arrival of an eminent physician, who tranquilized the mob by convincing them their fears were idle, and that the Sun was merely laboring under a temporary tit of the blue devils. Thus assured they calmly and peaceably retired tb their homes. foreign, Our latest foreign advices, are to the 2d ult, at which time the Robert Pulsford, left Liverpool,and arrived at Charleston on the 10th inst. We re fer tiie reader to the Foreign items under its ap propriate head, for further intelligence from Eu rope. The commercial intelligence is gloomy.— A decline of i to id upon Upland Cotton had ta ken place. To add to this unfavorable state, of the market, the spinners and their workmen have had differences, and the latter are likely to turn out APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESIDENT. Louis McLane, of Delaware, to he Secre tary of the Treasury of the United States. Martin Van BlSen, of New* York, to be Minister ilehipotentiary and Envoy Extraor dinary of the United States, to the King of the United Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland. Aaron V ail, of New-York, to be Secreta ry of Legation to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in the place of Washington Irving, Esq. who has signified his wish to retire J'rom that station. Thomas Eston Randolph, of Florida, to be Marshal of the United States, for the Dis trict of Middle Florida, vice Alexander Adair, deceased. The JoUrnhl of Commerce states, that Mr. Aaron Vail, of New-York, who has been ap pointed Secretary of the United States Lega tion to London, is a nephew of tiie lion. Win. H. Crawford, that he has been a Clerk in the Department of State for a number of years, and has had the cafe of the diplomatic correspondence of the United States with our own and foreign ministers. Connn uni cat ions. For the Advertiser, TO TIIE PEOPLE OF 8188 COUNTY. The question who shall be the Senator and Representative of your county, begins to be agitated. AIJ discreet, honest, and upright men must desire that those of the candidates who are the most able and best qualified, should be elected. The credit cf your State and County requires such a selection—your intelligence and virtue will induce such a choice, unless you are deluded by designing men, If, fellow citizens, you will examine and discuss for yourselves, calmly and delib erately, the qualifications of t'he different can didates, there will be no doubt about the result. But, if a matter of such vast im portance is to be determined at the fes tive board, or at Barbecues got up for tin pur; *se of advancing the interest of one candidate or another, by. this party or that, there will be much danger of an improper choice. Let the question be honestly ask- ed and answered, Who is the best ejualiji ed I —The time fellow citizens, when you was ably and as efficiently represented as any County in the State—when the ability am> usefulness of the Bibb representation was upon every tongue, and their influence was seen and felt by all. You now, have it in your powfer to elect those who manifested their willingness to serve their country in the try ing times of war as well as peace—one, at least, who has most ably ami honorably served you as Senator-one whose valuable and faith ful services have invariably promoted the in terest and prospc.'ty of your town and coun tv. He is a tried servant, and you elected him before by a large majority. Now, that -he has been tested, and bis character as a states man is known, let them lie considered and properly estimated, and the votes of the peo ple will prove their intelligence ami devotion to correct principles. Vote thin, lor Baber and Holt; and the interest and reputation of Bibb County will be increased, ami Georgia will be honored. ONE OF TIIE TEOPLE. For the Macon Advertiser. Mr. Slade i It appears to be the prevailing feeling throughout the State, that a Rail Road shall extend from Macon to ifivannah — that the conimunny generally, and vlueou an , savan nah particularly, would receive an ii.calcula ble benefit from it. 1 agree with this general opinion, as res. pccts the benefit which would result to the community anti to Savannah ; but as to i?s salutary and wholesome bearing on Macon, it is believe 1 that it can be proven to any can did observer, (assure as tin re is cause and effect,) that a Rail Road, as contemplated, would not only injure Macon, in its growth and general improvement, but it would forev er blast its commercial importance. Yes ! instead of its being viewed with wonder and astonishment, by the stranger, when he bi. holds hundreds of waggons laden with Cotton which daily crowd and animate your Streets, (every bale of which now finds a ready and “tip-top” market, and our Groceries and other goods disposed of in return,) the miniature of such a pleasing spectacle, would bo present eu to your view—as some small country villa, on a main re dto Market. For, if a farmer, on iiis arrival in Mu. on with his crop of Col ton, could have it immediately placed on a car, and in thirty six hears have it in the city ol savannah—and that at not more than on - third of the present price of freigh*-—I sav, would it not induce him to continue hi* route to the low-country, and return again in three or four days, with a sufficiency of Gro ceries and other supplies for the year’s con sumption ? One U ingySj a very important one too, to authorize this opinion, is, the perfect safety of transporfation-itsremarkable cheap, ness, and the trifling loss of time, delayed by" this operation. Now, Mr. Slade, if there should, come, from twenty to thirty thousand bales of Cot ton to market, in this way, what advantage would it be to Macon ? YVhat advantage the Capitalist, wbo has raised and prepared himself with funds expressly for the purchase* of Cotton ? Yes, sir, where would be the ad vantage of seeing it quietly passing by to Sa vannah, as he most assuredly would do ? For it is evident, the Farmer would have the same* facility of getting his cotton to a sea-board .market, as the Merchant would have. Again: —The Rail Road would have the same effect in reducing Macon to insignifi cance, that a large navigable river would.— This idea may seem preposterous to some : "but, now for the reason. If the (Jc mu I geo river, at its usual height, was six or eight leek higher than its present general tide, it would then be navigable "or r team Boats probablr for one hundred miles higher up the country* than this place,and there would he towns erec ted for every eight. or ten miles along its* banks, aud each would receive the support, and succour of its surrounding country : at. every Bluff there would be a handing place to receive Cot*o;i and deliver Merchandize: and any person who has ever travelled on any of oar southern rivers, knows with what f 4 cility a Steam Boat can receive or deliver merchan dize lrom any Bluff or landing on the river. For a further confirmation of this argument—* I will rcter you t.j the Alabama river, a large and beautiful stream, navigable to its head for Steam Boats, and flowing through one of the richest and most thickly Settled counties in the United States, and it has not a town on. its banks of half the commercial importance of Macon. Take a boat at Casautla, in des cending the river 8 or It) miles, you come to Montgomery—in 10 or 12 to Washington—a little farther to Selma, Oahawba, &c. each of which has only the Cotton and other produce furnished from its own surrounding country. I draw this comparison, to show that a Rail Road from Macon to Savannah would injuto Macon oh much as the navigition of the Ala bama injures one of the petty villages on ita banks. Under these considerations, Mr. Slado, I think that nature has done just enough for onr town, and if a few thousand dollars, judi ciouly expended,in removing the obstructions from the river, so that the navigation between this place and Darien mi "lit be rendeted mofe certain and expeditious "* m it now is, I think it would answer every purpose ; and, as long asfthe shoals above the town continue in the same place they now occupy, and the locality' of the up-country of Georgia, remains unal tered, I think we caugeton very weil without. h Rail Roa !—Mr. Transit to the contrary not withstanding AN OBSERVER. WAREHOUSE AND Commissio;i llti*iafc%, rpilE undersigned will continue t~> transact the B- above business in all its various branches — with strict h(.tenth :> to business end the facilities which they will be able to render their customers and the of their Ware- House from the dangerj of fire; they hope to me rit a continuance of that liberal patronage w hich they received the past season. In addition to nur former VEare.lTome, we have (for the convenience of our customers up town,) rented the JVare-Houst on the corner of Mulberry and Second Streets, formerly occupied by Mi Isaac #?. H o wian All COTTON stored there will be delivered at the boat landing, free of dray age. * (jfp Liberal advances will be made at aH times on Cotton in store or shipped by us. <Xj- Cotton stored with as, will hi insured at low rales if requested- J. GODDARD & REED. Macon, Aug 15, 1831. r> 1-<T to' Ul'iINT, The S TttKE-mt HSR Formerly occupied by Mr. I. 3 . Rowland. I?iOR particulars enquire of ISAAC B. HOWL AMD, GODDARD & RL’ED. Macon, Aug It), 1831 St Hoad leftiue In i'oarjft?. MTtHE citizens of Jones county .ti; solicited to lL attend a meeting in Clbfcn % 7 Vcdt: -day, tl ; 31st inst. for the purpose of appointing Delegate* from said county, equal in .-number to itsdelegiy. tinn in the General Assembly, to attend a Co-ire . tion to he held in Eatonton, on Monday, p ( ■* September next, to consul upon and rri'iiniv! 1 ' that system of Internal Improvement, nbi-n m> be deemed he st adapted to the State of Georgia, Thomas li. Blade, N 1 • 11. jy. Wearer, . r ' s f ic€ii c 4 Peter Northern, J.e Infer i a John li. Moore, Court. Putt Peterson , j Au S . 10,