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ut!ioriti*'s throughout the Union, ol
otiater! with the Indians within their
tivc territories. And then, in sum-
I the whole doctrine, he observes,
I “f.Julc the ultimate right of our Amen-
I ernments to all the lands within their
l/iri-dictional limits, and the exclusive right
F ,x ncaishing the Indian title by posses
[’ V not to be shaken; it is equally true,
l 0" is not to he taken
I- 1 ’ 1 , them, or disturbed without their free
| hv fair purchase, except it be by
| °Z‘rfarns i ‘ho event of a just and neces
■ So much fortbc decisions of the Federal
■ tether State Courts, after adding that at
■flM term oftho Supreme Court, when it
Knnlly decided the jurisdiction in favor of
■ 'or-in it incidentally remarked, that the
I'hitof property in the Indians, as to the pos
ition of their lands, would be protected by
■ t court. I come now to the decisions of
l irona courts. I presume the celebrated
Krarre question is well recollected by most
■ V.. )ns . There were certain reserves made
l i'tHvor of a number of the Indians in the
Ireat' made bv Merriwethcr and Jackson im
K'n and also in the one by Calhoun in 1819.
if/io L mslature leccived these treaties, but
11. t rmiiicd lo reject the Reserves. To that
|c,ui (hey ordered a survey of the cession with-
U t anv respect to the Reserves, & subjected
Km to a lottery with the other lands. The
KVimate drawers of these Reserves commen-
V j t | lc .; r actions against the Indians residing
Kcrcon, ami the question presented was,
Kicli title should prevail, the treaty title or
K (] e or‘'ia grant ! The question is so plain
■hat I apprehend there is notone mind in one
■housm.J, at this day, that would entertain a
liouht. The decision was, of course in favor
loftlie treaty, and it was universally approved
|ioiitof the immediate interest of the question)
■is the good people of Georgia, and indeed
Krv uhere else. The view taken of that
■-sc was this, and it continues to be the de
■itfrate.opiuiou of this Court. That the treaty
Br/.iiu' power is parted with by the States At
■ . the General Government according
Hthc limitations and powers granted to that
■vernmert and the Federal Constitutions,
■ t that ail treaties,-as well as all laws, must
■ made, in tiie language of that instrument,
Kn pursuance thereof.” That the treaty tna
lin j power can no mere exceed the powers
■ithe General Government than the law ina-
Bing power; indeed, it wofeld be absurd in
Me extreme, to contend that the President
■iid Senate can bind the States “ in all Cases
Bliatevcr,” and thereby remove all limits from
Be Fed Till Government, when Congress,
Brnnposcd of the representatives of the peo-
Hte, cannot do it! Then according to this
Bicw, it became necessary to ascot-tain wheth-
B 1 the treaties above mentioned were made
B/ pursuance of the Constitution.” In order
■>’ do this, another view became important,
Bid it was tills—B-; tho articles of cession
■heady mentioned, made in 1802, the State:
If Georgia, in addition to the constitutional
light of the General Government to make
lieirties, laid actually agreed with that -gov
fcvnment that it should purchase the lands—
hmliutr it, in the language of the memorial
Before reterred to “our agent pro hoc rice.”
Ko far, and in larthf r as the purchase of the
■whan title was concerned, powers could not
Be more ample, in tho first place the gov-
Brimctit possessed the right to treat under
■tie Corwtitntion, and buy the lands, hut with
■ieorga’s own money, as it was in the habit
lei doing for Georgia (and the other States)
■vh w-v< r they wished to acquire Indian lands
■Vithin their respective limits. Jn the second
■da'., it had Georgia’s special consent, by
>os;th a contract, to treat and pay for the land*
>"!(n it; money ; now when the treaty was
BfcVaml rcccpted, the whole treaty, as to
m purchase of the lands, boing the extent
>Uiic government’s agency, must bo taken,
irtjr.r. To soy that it would fake a part of
such as suited Cieoigia, arid rc
cct the balance, was so repugnant to every
'vinciple of justice, that, it con'd not he tolera
t'd for one moment. Then, as Georgia had
"ye’ii (he treaty, if the General Govern
-11 ‘at liad trans-endod its powers, the court
wild net possibly vi< w tin- matter in any oth
,r': , 1 ‘is a wai\cr of all objections,and
i tnooryin had made ilie treaty Iter own, as
,|o! pn she had the right originally to have
titered into if.
■uHv. let us apply those principles fo the
li '-^ ore 1!; > &n:l in doing so, two ideas pre*
First, if these Reserves.
‘H'M U’ re really nothin nr more than small
■ ions Dj the Indian nation si t apart for par
unar tribes, possessing precisely the same
"F.r n and condition of tho balance of then
'Mi,',;ns was proved by an after evtinguish
' nt ot tlu-ir title, was decided to be tile
oft!ir; Indians, who will contend that
• had a right to prevent them from
j" ', ...at property in any manner they please?
' a . v >il they had found mines upon
J Reserves, that the State could have pro-
Jitedthpm from using them? Who will
would have been just to have done
i,’’"' . C!IV '' t' lo citizens all around these
•'' ,0 do what they pleased with
•YU 1,1 Well, if in these Re
r,i . 10 " n 'l nr| d minerals are not separ
-o' "1- 1 ° I!,a ‘ :c *-’ SR latter t!m proper
if; State, how <!o they differ from the
,i. ' t,: T ni di° ? The Indians hold the
their lands precisely by a similar
,\‘ Us “Ifcady been shewn, and will he
presently. Suppose one
e", ' a crvcs had remained to this day
f of one of the reservers, unextin
,l' ' ,o . ann y one hi iievetliftt tho law of
~ ,r> h r |fhiture would operate upon his
; • hi tae name of eve ry thing that is
nr,:' ;? c' l |o ' ,Vor, n it do so upon lands
i 'iVt' V 1 ’ Sfmic situation, dijfi ring in no
f t n ’ Jmhcr ol ’ ,l,c tenants and the
01 die reserve, for they are effectually
• ,T.! "’.''''dr nation for fltoir own mo, by
n?li J 11 l( c, d' cl! 'l treaties, rs they did t!ie
>'.'!\C3 for the uso of individual lu
, ..nil myself of this oeeayion t o ntate, that
■’•"'s afford a happy illyytnition of
r ‘nee between the State’s rigid of
. ‘Oil and the Indian's right pf proper
i.ii, ( > " rr * ,n °"it had awarded to tl|o Jn
,M)l,,( I l '';' a'e property s-r.ured to him by
•ii in Ins reserve, Im hud have npplieil
iurs, —ntyr, i,.., v.'ruib!
have been answered, no—you fail under the
government of the State precisely like ail oth
er persons within its limits, he’the nature of
their titles to lands what it may, or be them
citizens or foreigners, black, red or white.
And so with regard to the rest of the nation,
because as before stated, they are precisely
in the same situation of these Reserves, be
ing only a larger scope of couutry and a grea
ter number of tenants.
The other idea is this. If the treaties just
mentioned were accepted by the State under
the articles of 1802, and secured to these Re
serves, by t!ie decision of the Court, tho right
to their reserves, Cere arc other treaties
made since 1802, that guaranty in like man
ner, to tiie nation, all their lands not ceded
to Georgia, and which Georgia lias also ac
cepted. 1 know it is now contended, that
notwithstanding the States have yielded to
the General Government tlie right to make
treaties, and declared that no State shall
make treaties, that such power was never
meant to apply to the purchase of Indian
lands within tiie limits ofStates. This might
be safely granted, though a different construc
tion has certainly prevailed throughout the
Union both by the States and the General
Government, and though Georgia has repeat
edly declared otherwise, as 1 have shewn in
three distinct acts, yet, as stated before,Geor
gia has vested the General Government by
special contract, and made her the State’s
agent to purchase these very lands ; conse
quently whatever treaty is made by that gov
ernment and received by Georgia, must be j
binding. In various treaties made prior to |
the articles of cession, the following stipula- j
tion is to he found—“ The United States sol- i
emnly guaranty to the Cherokee nation, all j
their lands not hereby ceded.” Thisguaran- I
tee is found in the treaty of Ifolston, in the
year '92 and tiie treaties prior to that time.—
In tiie treaty f ‘9B is found this article—“the
treaties subsisting between (lie present eon- j
trading parties, are acknowledged to be of full
and operating loree, together with tiie con
struction and usage under (heir respective
articles, and so to continue.” Anti again
in the same treaty, 6th article—“ln conside
: ration r.f the relinquishment and cession here
by made, the United States (will pay so much
| money and goods) and will continue the guar-
I antee of the remainder of the country forever
as made and Contained in former treaties.”
And in the last article of this treaty, it is de
clared that said treaty “shall be considered
as additional to, <fc forming a part of previous
1 treaties, and shall lie carried into effect on
both sides, WITH ALL GOOD FAITH.”
These arc tiie pledges prior to the articles of
cession, and perhaps by some it may be said,
are not binding upon Georgia. Now let us see
what pledges are made after the year 1802,
the time when Georgia made the Gen. Gov
ernment an agent to “extinguish the Indian
title.” In the treaty of 1805, made at Tel:-
eo, the very first article-declares “ all forme?
treaties, which provide for the maintainance
ol peace and preventing crimes, arc on this
occasion, recognized and continued in force.*'
j Can any thing conduce more to peace than
j tiie undisturbed and quiet possession of one’s
| home ? Can any thing sooner contribute to
j an opposite consequence than the violation
!of one’s possessions ? Rut again, in the sth
j article of Jackson’s and MerriivcthcrV. treaty,
: in 1817, which divided the nation and sent
Ja part across the Mississippi, it is agreed,
“ that tho treaties heretofore between the
! Cherokee nation and the United States, are
' to continue in full force with both parts of
| the nation, and both parts thereof entitled to
rail the immunities aqd privileges which the
j old nation enjoyed under the aforesaid tre
i ties.” This treaty procured for Georgia ah
j that valuable country in which tiie counties
lof Walton, Gwinnett, Hall ami Habersham,
J are situated, and of course formed the con
! sideratioa for the above stipulation, securing
to the Indians the provisions of other treaties,
one of which provisions \Ais, that the Indians
should he guarantied in the balance of their
lands not ceded.
Now if Georgia has accepted this treaty,
received tiie land thereby conveyed and dis
tributed the same to her citizens, can she in
good faith violate the guarantee solemnly
made in that treaty to the Indians? Is not
this precisely a similar case to the one deci
ded in favor of the Reserves ? Ik sides a vi
olation of the faith of treaties, the most .sol
emn of all contracts, and so regarded by all
civilized nations, it would be a palpable vi
olation of that part of the lOfii section of the
Ist article of the Fedora! Constitution which
positively forbids the States from passing any
“law impairing the obligation of contracts.”
This is a contract made by Georgia herself,
because made by the United States under her
power of attorney “acting as her agent,” ra
tified by her and its benefits fully enjoyed on
herfsart !
I have on a former occasion said, and I am
yet of the same opinion, that the 11, States
have no right to treat with the Indians on any
subject, but such as relates to peace or war,
and to connncice, those being tiie only gene
ral relations in which (hey stand to that gov
crnmcr.t, and as falling within the powers
granted in the Constitution. Any thing r ise
(lie State of Georgia might reasonably object
to,but where lands have been ceded as the
tlie terms of peace, or ending a war, or pre
venting future disturbances, or settling
claims, the treaties arc such as fall strictly
within the power of the United States, and so
Georgia herself lias frequently admitted. —
Such were all the treaties prior 1o the arti
cles of cession- And thus believing how
can this Court, under the solemn oath it has j
taken, evade this explicit injunction con
tained in tho Federal Constitution, to wit—:
“this Constitution, and the laws of tiie Uni
ted States which shall be made in pursuance
thereof, and all treaties made or which shall
be made, under the authority cf the United
States, shall he the Supreme law of the land;
ami the JUDGES in every Stain shall lie
bound thereby, any thing in the Constitution
or laws of any State to the contrary notwith
standing,” 1 confess, under the immense
obligation imposed upon my conscience by
this unequivocal direction, I am not prepared
to nullify these treaties. We owe it to our
own character at home and abroad ; wo owe
it to justice, wo owe it to humanity ; buf
above all, we owe it to our love and venrra
jioli for file F-dera! Pontfiflßjon, WiJdl e<e.
cuted according to its acknowledged powers,
to re spect these treaties, to the extent of se
curing to the Indians the |x)sessioii of those
lands not parted with, by fair purchase, and
under their free consent.
Refore l leave this branch of the subject, I
will suggest a fact which goes to illustrate,
under another aspect,the foregoing reasoning.
The last Legislature passed an act to survey
the Cherokee nation and distribute it by lot
tery in the manner heretofore pursued, with
this exception, tiiat tiie improvements of In
dians falling within any of the lots should be
reserved to them, and that the fortunate
drawers of such lots should not be entitled to
a grant for the same, or in any manner “re
move, or attempt to remove the Indians from
their said improvements,” until the General
Assembly shail enact to the contrary, or said
Indians or their descendants shall voluntarily
abandon such improvements 1 Now a ques
tion naturally arises, what kind of a title have
these r< serves, under said act ? In sinking
a well upon their premises or in ploughing
their fields, if they should turn up a piece of
gold and appropriate it to their own use,
would they be obnoxious to the law, which
makes it criminal to dig gold in the Cherokee
nation ? If they would not, where is the dif
ference between that case, and their present
condition in the nation ? They would then
j hold their reserves under no better title than
they now hold the nation. The act only re
duces their title from a tenancy in common
to one i n severalty, and the quantity from a
j large to a small amount, and surely whatever
I right they would have in the last case, is pie*
jcisely the same which belongs to the first, for
! the operation of the act does not in the small
-1 est degree change the nature of their title.—
j It is still a title by occupancy, without limit
as to its duration, unless the State chooses to
end it by force.
! I come now to consider the only argument
| that has been advanced to sustain the .State,
in the course she has taken. It is this—the
Indians hold their lands by the mere title of
occupancy—the fee simple is in the State,
and therefore having the reversionary interest
j she can restrain the Indians from injuring the
j freehold, or in other words, from committing
| waste. If this be true, she can also prevent
I them from cutting timber beyofnl what is ne
j ccssary for absolute use, and from doing many
I things, which in legal language is called
'waste, working mines comes within that de
! finitiou and is of no higher injury to the free
j hold than any other species of waste. Cut
j the truth is, the Indian litle of occupancy as
isimilat.es itself to no principle of the English
> law which gives the right to stay waste as it
|is called. It is analogous to no estate, upon
I condition, which involves the relation of land
-1 lord and tenant,remainder man or reversioner
i and these are the only three characters who
lean restrain the tenant from committing
j waste. It must be a particular estate to which
j there is a definite limit, certain as to the time
I of expiration, which will entitle tno owner of
the freehold to restrain tho commission of
j waste. We all know w hat the renting of land
i means ; it docs not fall under this head. It
is not every reversionary interest in lands that
{will give tire right to restrain tho tenant from
l committing Waste. It is a well known fact
j that the Stale, as the source of ail title, has a
reversionary interest in every foot of kind site
! grants out to her citizens; for if they die with
| out heirs and intestate, their lands revert to
! the .State by virtue of the escheat law. Now
under this remote expectant inter* sf, no one
! will contend the Legislature could restrain
! the good people of the State from digging
! gold 0:1 their lands. The State does hold i:i
ri mainder, for remainder “is defined to he an
: estate limited, to take effect and he enjoyed
j after another estate is determined . There
j must be a particular estate created, certain
I and determinate, os for years, for life, or in
I tail, and remainder being a relative term im
! plies that a part has been previously disposed
| of, for where the whole is conveyed at once,
there cannot possibly exist a remainder : but
tiie interest granted, whatever it may be, will
bean estate in possession.”—2 lilac. 1G5.-
Every one must perceive that this relation
docs not exist between Georgia and tho In
dians. “An estate in reversion is the ics.due
of an estate left in the grantor, to commence
in possession after the determination of some
! particular estate granted out hv him.——2-Blue.
175. Sir Edward Colic desciihcs a reversion
to he the returning of land to the grantor or
his heirs, after the grant is over. Now it is
equally clear that this estate does not apply
to the case of the Indians; for instead of Geor
gia's bring the grantor and limiting a part icu
lar estate, to tho Indians which is to have a
specific duration, the very reverse is-truc.—
The Indians are the original grantors, and re
serve to themselves in the gnyit, to wit, the
treaties, an interest which is unlimited as to
time, and not to end without their coriscn 4 . —-
These arc all the estates which can by any pcssi
bility l>o made to bear upon tbe question, anil it
may with great confidence bo asserted that none
other can be found. Their occupant title is unlim
ited as to duration, and to them is, to all intents
and purposes, the same as a fee-simple ; they do
not care what it is called, if you do not take it
away bv force, and will suffer them to retain the
use and possession of it till they choose to part
with it upon their free and voluntary consent.
But we frequently attach wrong ideas to panic*
lar terms, nnd if it is understood by the term oc
cupancy, that it is such a title as will justify Geor
gia to removing the Indians whenever she plea
ses. nothing .can he more erroneous; for ae
cordingto the legal signification of occupancy, as
understood in tho English law, they will have a
right to retain their land until they voluntarily
abandon or sell it. Mr. Blackstono in describing
tbe title to heals by occupancy, says it “is the
taking possession ( f those things, which before
belonged to nobody. This as we have seen is
the true ground and foundation of all property, or
of holding those things in severalty, w hich by
tho law of nature, unqualified by that cf society,
wore common to all mankind. But when once
it was agreed that everything capable of owner
ship should have an owner, natural reason sug
gested, that iie who cculd first declare his inten
tion of approaching any thing t<> Lis own use, and,
in consequence ci'such intention, actually took
it into possession, should thereby gain the abso
lute property of it.”—2 blue. 258. There is now
no title by occupancy in England, and never was
but one instance, and that is now virtually de
stroyed by statute. Thjcaso of the Indians iu
America ccmes the nearest to it of any we know
of, hence it is so called, and applying it to the do
liiiitionahcvelaiddown.it is a much more stub
born title than is usually conceived. Wo have
seen also, that tbe f* v * discoverer. f. Britain,
*‘><>se so to consider it, and imposed no other con
dition or restriction upon it than the right of pre
emption o n her part. This has been followed up
by Georgia, by the other States, and by the U.
States; so that as tar as human action and decis
ion can confirm and settle a question, this is at rest-
It will be recollected, that at the August
Term 19130, of Clark court, 1 delivered a
charge to the Grand Jury, in which 1 men
tioned that it was my fixed determination to
enforce the laws of Georgia in the Cherokee
nation. I told them of the illiberal interfer
ence of other States in this question—that
they had reproached us with cruelty, fraud
and injustice to the Indians, and said even
in Congress, that it was our intention to op
press by legislation, to persecute by legal
prosecutions,and finally destroy the Indians,
to obtain their lands. I concluded that
charge by saying “let us falsify the prophe
cies that have been made as to the treatment
which tho Indians arc to receive at our hands,
by exercising towards that unfortunate peo
ple, the utmost kindness, justice and humani
ty. Their rights must be respected. To the
Indians I will say, they have nothing to dread,
as far as (hey are concerned, either from the
character of our laws or their mode of admin-
istration—for if ice can live under them, they
surely can, and no distinction shall be made
in their execution.” In the name of every
thing that is holy in religion, that is lovely in
charity, that is sacred in justice and dear to
freedom, ‘let not this be an idle, faithless
pledge. “Justice (says Va(tel) is the basis
of all society, (he sure bond ofall intercourse.
All nations are then strictly obliged to culti
vate justice with respect lo each oilier, to ob
serve it scrupulously, and carefully to ab
stain from every thing that would violate it.
Every one ought to render to others what be
longs to them, to respect their rights, and to
leave them in tho peaceable enjoyment of
them.” The elegant historian, Dr- Ramsey,
has said, “ universal 7 justice i3 universal in
terest. The most enlarged happiness of one
! people by no means consists in the degrada
tion or destruction of another; it would be
morc glorious to civilize one tribe of savages
than to expc i or exterminate a score. In
stead of invading their rights, promote their
happiness and give them no reason to curse
| thefolly of their fathers who suffered yours
to set down upon a soil which the common
parent of us both had previously assigned to
them.” In this st rong sentiment of justice,
all good men must concur, and, I am persua
ded, it is one which Georgia slandered ns she
has been, will not feel herself authorized to
disobey. But to consign a weak and defence
less race to the sepu-ge of slavery by day,
and the gloom ofdungeon by night, fir from
their country and their friends, for no other
Crime than that oftakinggold from their own
land and the land of their fat hers, is not only
n departure from this heaven directed princi
ple, hut will incur tho condemnation of all
civilized nations, if it do not provoke the
! curse of a much higher tribunal.
MACON.
__ Frltlay,October 7, i HSI.
Tin- excitement wiii. ii prevaib-d la our (ow e
on Monday and Tuesday last, must plead ear
apology for the non-appearance ot tho Alt'. Kl -
TINEii, on Wednesday last. It is now generally
believt and that there was no cause for alarm, Other
than that which existed in the unfounded appre
hensions cf some individuals in the country, from
whence the report originated. Notwithsfatding
two da. vs have been cut oil from our labors, we do
not lunch regret it—for it has given us an opportu
nity of w itnessing such a prompt display of zeal
and patriotism, on the part of our fellow citizens,
as proves them ready for any emergency.
The result of the Election in this place, on
Monday last, was a glorious triumph. Since the
last struggle tor Governor between the Troup and
('lark party.it shows a gain in favor of the former,
of 120 votes —and in our legislative representa
tion, our opponents linvo been completely put
hors de coni uot, Both our Senator and Represen
tative are decided friends to Gov. Gilmer’s ad
ministration. The revolution ofpublic sentiment
in llibb county, proves, that nitre ugh the people
may for aw hile err in their choice, of public ser
vants yet their good sense w ill not he long in de
tecting and correcting the abberration by a prompt
return to correct principles.
The crisis—The issue.
We present a Table, under the head of
“ Election Returns,” which, v,e believe is
nearly, if not entirely correct. It consists
of S9 counties, 37 of which give returns of
the Governor’s election—ln those 37 counties
(Troup and Marion not heard from) Lump
kin’s majority is 531 ! Still, “wc do not
despair.” We look with confidence to El
bert county in the Northern—to Laurens in
the Southern—to Burke, Jefferson, Tattnall f
and Montgomery in the Middle—and to Brv-;
an, Chatham, Liberty, Glynn, Camden, and i
Effingham counties, in the Eastern circuit,!
with otlu r tributaries. Let tiie victor be ■
eitln r, the er ntest will still have been an ani- i
mated and close one—one, which warns all |
parUzans to vigil ance—for, “ The price of I
Liberty is eternal vigilance”
gfr W e perceive that the “Federal Union '■ has j
re,published the communication of Mr. M* Donald !
which was addressed to us, and originally appear- i
ed in our paper. As an act of justice to ourself,
and that we may be fairly placed before the eom
njunity, we have no doubt that Messrs. Polhill &
Cuthpert will follow tip the communication by
the publication of our replications. This would
be honorable. If the gentlemen have not our
numbers containing them, it will afford us much
pleasure to forward them by the earlicst'corivcy-j
unco.
E'oi’eign.
This morning’s mail brought ns European ad
vices five days later than those previously pub
lished. Warsaw is . till invested by the Russian
armies. “The I’oi< p however, are said to be pre
pared for a terrible resistance. They have un
dermined the whole of Warsaw, and are ready,
if overpowered, to bury themselves and their in
vaders fn one common ruin.” All hope cf aid
from France or Great Britain seems to have van
ished, in consequence of the pusillanimous policy
of PuniNß, tho pud fie French Minister! The gal
lant Poles will then have to breast tbe storm
alone. May the tied of Battles attend them.— l
Should they be triumphant, their Independence
will bo a standing reproach to William and Phi
lip—hut, should they fail! a foul blot will mark
th'ir escutcheons —History w ill point to it. as the
shameless act < f two greet moral and political
delinquents —an 1 Genius will weep over tho fate
of SoHRYZNFCiit and his band of patriots, in tbe
pathetic and indignant pages of another Timbre
i > ryr W M’S *.\V,
ELECTION IiETURNS.
Counties.
SENATORS. j REPRESENTATIVES.
Gilmkr. Lumi-kiji.
Baldwin, 23 ' Bovkin* Howard,* Calhoun.*
B'bb, 64 Baber* Holt.*
Columbia, 29 Averv,* Crawford,* Scott,* Clanton.
Crawford, 172 Blackstonc, Warner.
I wiggs, 211 Smith, Tarver, Solomon, Pearson,
Houston, 299 Dean, Gilbcit.
Monroe, 140 Brown,* Chappell,* Redding,* Gibson.*
Upson, 1 Holloway,* Greene.*
Bike, 100 Pryor, Blackburn.
Henry, 623 Johnson, Johnson, Petit.
Greene, 741 Stokes,* Cone* Matthews,* King.*
Jasper, 104 Loyal,* Ward,* Price,* Robeson, Burnr.
Putnam, 496 Branham,* Hudson* Reid* Merriwethcr* Mason*
Hancock, 520 Devercux,* Vinson,* Carnes,* Graybill.*
Morgan, 165 Nesbit,* Leonard,* Pegrijian* Finney*
Wilkinson, 597 Hall, Hatcher, Exum.
Richmond, 45 Mealing,* Shannon,* Glascock, Carter.
W ilkes, , go Wooten, Irwin, Willis, Brown, Thurmond.
. 241 Cargil, AlcMichad.
Pulaski, 155 Clayton, Rawls, Taylor.*
Muscogee, 38 Woolfolk,* Baker.
Washington, 140 Tonnilie, Reeves, Rutherford.* Curry*
Talbott, 157 Townes, Burkes
Harris, 37 MoDougald,* Jackson.*
Marion, Temples, Newberry*
Troup, Bailey* McCoy
Newton, 50 (All Troup men*)
Lee, 17 Thomas,* Burkes,
Coweta, 114 No return of members received.
Jones, 99 Parrish, Jones, Dav, Phillips, Cox-
Clarke, 231
Oglethorpe 435
Warren 438
Taliaferro 398
Jackson 20
Madison 101
Walton 612
Hall 294
Gwinnett 180 This ‘ denotes, of the TROUP party
C’anatoo.
Tho interesting decision of Judge Clayton, ini
the case of this Indian, has excluded a number of
articles intended for this day’s paper. The im
portance of the subject however, will boa suiii
cient apology for tho space it occupies.
as Bush, (Cabinet Maker) aged 30 years, and a
native ofN. York.
eoMML'NICATKD.
Departed this life, near Knoxville, (Tcnn.) rm
tbe 15th Sept. last. Mrs. KI.IZA A. BULLOCK,
in the 37th year of her age.
Mrs. IS. was a native of Georgia, and resided
for several years' in this county. During the past
summer she visited Tennessee for the benefit of
her health; but, alas, in a short period after her
arrival in that State, the cold hand of (loath ar
rested and consigned her to that “bourne from
whence no traveller returns.” Although far from j
home, and the endearing consolation which its l
recollections inspire, she. nevertheless, attracted
around her a circle cf sympathising friends, whose
kindness and attentions were soothing, affection
ate, and unremitting.
“By foreign hands her dying eyes were clos'd,
By foreign hands her decent limbs compos'd,
By foreign hands her distant grave adorn’d,
By strangers honor'd, and by strangers mourn’d.’’
F- r the last five years Mrs. Bullock was an
exemplary member of the Presbyterian Church.
Her piety was divested cf all that harshness and
austerity which too often gives an unlovely as
pect to tho mild features of Christianity, and
casts a veil of gloom around the beautiful religion
of our Saviour. Her’s, was a cheerful heart, that
loved to bound in the sunbeams of righteousness,
rather than secrete itself in the dark and murky
clouds of Superstition. In her tenet3 too, Mrs.
15. knew nothing of the bigotry of the rigid and
uncompromising sectarian. Tolerance was one
of tiie brightest gems that sparkled on tiie Caossj
she Wore—ami, in her view, all wore Christians
who loved their God.
In social life, those who knew, recognized her
as an accomplished and fascinating Lady. Her
bland manners, colloquial powers, and sportive
wit, charmed and animated every circle in which
she moved. In the more important departments;
of domestic life, she also shone conspicuous, and
was scrupulously faithful in discharging the high
and responsible duties of wife, parent, and neigh
bor. This is a hasty tribute to the memory of
one we well knew—of one, whose virtues merit
an abler panegyric than our humble ability can
bestow.
e lites eon lousiness.
r jU!E subscribers having formed a connection
I -** in the above line, under the firm of
REA & COTTON,
• Tender their services, and hope by their attention
j to merit a share of patronage.
JAMES REA.
CHARLES COTTON.
Macon, Oet7 48-1 aw .3m
COMMISSION BUSINESS.
rjMIE subscriber will attend to the purchase of
*- Cotton, nnd sale, of Merchandize, and hopes
by strict attention, to merit the patronage of those
who may favor him with their confidence.
J VMES REA.
Macon,Oet7 47-law3ni
mIIOSE persons to whom Guns and Pistols
-*t were loaned during tbe late excitement, will
do us a favor to return them to cur store immedi
ately.
WILLY, BAXTER U TORT.
Oct 7 47
FOOD,
ON Wednesday last, a Cloak, very little worn.
The owner can have it by proving his prop
erty and paying for this advertisement,
(let 7 47
It KTU RN—BAY ON ET!
rjXJTE person who took a Musket and Bayonet
from Smith's Confectionary, during the ex
citement, is requested to return it as soon as pos
sible. Oct 7
A MUSKET AND BAYONET
nAK been taken from die Advertiser Office.
. The letter S is plainly cut on the breach of
the musket. The proper holder of it would be
obliged for its return at the Advertiser Office.
ilio ship Oglethorpe, intended to sail from
3? Liverpool on the 15th August last, tin
subscribers Avill receive on her arrived, dail'/ ex
prefrd, their usual supply of Fall arid Winter
dry goods. cutlery,& crocivKiiy
WARM, which will he for sale by the package
or piece at reasonable prices and customary terms.
LOW, TAYLOR & CO.
f'jrr'c!', FcuremV— ihf, 18??, 4.’— -gw
Executive Department, p
Milledgeville, Ist October, 1831. 5
ORDERED, That the act of the L . islaturr*
to amend the Patrol Law be published it|
the newspapers of this place.
By the Governor.
MILLER GRIEVE, Sec’ry E. D.
\N ACT, toamend att act, regulating patrols,
passed the eighteenth November, seventeen
hundred and sixty five, so as to vest the ap
pointment of patrols in tha Justices of the.
Peace.
lie it enacted by (he Senate and Jlause of Itcpr'-
saitnthvs of the State of Georgia, in General asstm-.
bly met, and it is hereby enacted ly the authoritir
of the same, That from and after the passage of
this act, the Justice or Justices of the Peace in.
fjacli cap tain’s district in this State, shall be, and.
they are hereby authorized and required, to ap
point patrols for their respective districts, make*
lout a schedule of all persons liable to do patrol
duty, and at the first Justice’s Court in their dis
trict, or in five days thereafter, they shail organ
ize patrol companies as the law directs, end ex-.
ercise ail the powers in doing so, and enforcing*
the same, that are vested in the captains cf tlio*
district companies or other militia ofliees, for neg
lect of duty, to bo subject to like penalties or
forfeitures.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That, all acta
or parts of acts, which militate against the inter, i
and meaning of this act, be, and tiie same ai
hereby' repealed.
ASBURY HUM,.
Speaker of 'he House of Representatives.
THOM AS STOCKS,
President of the Senate.
Assented to, Dec. 20th, 1830.
GEORGE R. GILMER, Govemo-.
HAVE just received from the Athens Factory
Cotton Yarn of different numbers —also 3-4
Cotton Shirting, (a superior article.)
Macon Sept, ‘JO, 1831. 4 t
IWtntcd u boy
racter, to attend in a Store. Liberal wages will
:be paid either quarterly or monthly—iaquiro at
this Oilier. Sept. 20, 1831. Jt
Female School.
V SCHOOL of the above character is roup
open in the. basement story cf the Baptist
Church in Macon, taught by Mrs. Campbell.—
A knowledge of the various branches of an Eng
lish Education, together with .Needlework,Draw
ing and Painting, can be obtained here.
Sept. 2(1, 1831. 46-tt
TIIIx SUBSCRIBER
[I ESPECTFFLT.Y informs his friends an<J
# the public generally that he still keeps thqi
House formerly known as the
Commercial gfof<? y
and will be thankful to receive a part of thft
public patronage. Private Boarding can be had
_ on liberal terms.
Tran sient persons will find it their interest ta
call; there being a LIVERY STABLE on ibn
lot kept by Messrs. Towns & Riley, who give
almost their entire attention to the care of horses,
and the price 50 cts. lower than they are kept at
the Taverns. WM. BJV’IN S'.
Macon, Sept. CP, 1831. 46-l\v*
four month* fie r data*,
t PPLTCATIOX will lie made to tire Inferior
A Court of Bibb county, when sitting for Ordi
nary purposes, for leave to sell tlip real estate of
I the heirs of Hugh McLeod qud Joseph Clark, dee,
for the benefit of yaid heirs.
ISABELLA CLARK Guardian.
May 9 7*4ui
.WTI€JS.
k X election will be Ik Id at the Court-house i-|
/V the town of Macon on Saturday the fitl\ day
of October next, for Captain, first and secanit
Lieutenants, and Ensign to command the Maeoit
Volunteers, by order of
If. S. GRIFFIN, Colon*:!.
ISAAC H. ROWLAND, Adjutant,
Macon, Sept. 19, 1831. 41-tde
*. • . i . - -..i. —■ ■ <■'■ lem —y*
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE:
V€7ILL be sold on the first Tuesday in Deccm
v v her next at Forsyth, one Lot of Land N't.
•2 Id in tho seventh district cf Monroe County
sold as the property of Catharine Ran soy, late of
Jefferson county, deceased. Sold for tliebenefit
of the heirs and creditors cf said deceased.
GEORGE W. COLLINS, Adm’r.
Sept. 5, 1351. 4t—COds
FOR SALE,
If applied for immediately,
ONE elegant Barouche, and One GIG, bot'i
new, with Plated Harness to each.
Also, two first rate SADDLE and HARNESS
IIOKSES. Apply ta
l.r. HELVkNSON,
O'*? * 4?-c*