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As to the Solids. I English Wheat, Etc.
The eight or ten thousand solemn ad-, The American phi^phm are care-
monitions to the “solid South,” which fully establishing, at leastby their Orim
FRIDAY NOVEMBER 12, 1880.
Tot toll's Y/lciit nr a Gale.—The
Czar’s new and strangely shaped yacht,
the Livadia, was caught in the late gales
in',the Bay cif Biscay, and issaidto have
weathered them with remarkable steadi-
A Very oid man voted three times at
"Washington, Ind., in the recent State elec
tion.’ On Ills trial it was convincingly
shown that, though sober, he had been so
carried away hy.excitement as to forget
that hebadiheafly voted.
The Paris correspondent of the Tablet
avers that Mine'.' de Girardin, an impar
tial and experienced judge, said that the
only reason she^despaired of France was
that it Sva»tdeo£ly nation she knew in
which the men were better than the wo-
men. J I) . V
The jsxport of iron ore from Spain in
the first half of this year was ICO per cent,
more, than Id isfo. Spain is now full of
commercial Englishmen, who run the
railroads, miues, and vineyards. The
Spaniards "areheft very fond of these Brit
ons, but can’t get along without them.
Nearly everytettotee tn Spain halls from
Manchester or Birmingham.
TnE twelfth “National cat show” has
been in progress at. the Crystal Palace,
Londou. There were cats valued at five
hundred dollars in-tbe exhibition. “Per
sian Toms.” “*Mnlic4e Toms,” Maux cats,
Kustendjee Jttssys, Angora Gray-malkins
and Tabbies of" various lineage. Baroness
Uurdeu-Coutts wins a prize for a kitten,
and the aristocracy contend for the
awards. -
A cor.BESPOXDExt of the Louisville
Courier-Journal, who has examined Tom
HugbeVTenriessee settlement, Rugby,
writes "veiy di?paragitigly of it. The land
will raise a barrel of corn to tbe acre, he
says, if the-crows keep" away until the
crop is gathered, anifit is too elevated to
raise early vegetables for the Cincinnati
market. The Englishmen there, he says,
lounge" about in fine clothes “bossing" 1
the American mechanics and laborers
who do the work.
Tot smallest bell of Cologne Cathe
dral received a few months ago a serious
injury. It was taken down and sent to
Gosse’s foundry at Dresden to be recast.
It had been" originally cast in 1418, and
had" already been recast twice. The court
organist says that the tone is now perfect.
There are three other hells. One is the
great “Kaiserglocke,” the chief ingredients
of whose metal, came from the French
cannon taken at Sedan. The two others
are comparatively old, -
Mrs. Abraham Lincoln's "Low Es
tate.—A New York correspondent of
the Philadelphia Times says; Truth is
stranger than j fiction 'adybow 1 , and the
few who saw the widow of Abraham Lin
coln thrust rudely back by policemen at
the steamship whan on Wednesday could
not but be sure of that fact. An aged, white-
haired woman, almost shabbily clad, she
attracted no attention from the throng
who crowded about to welcome the French
adventuress."
Death at tot Supper Table—Jas
Connor, of Wilmington, Del., died very
suddenly Saturday evening ot heart dis
ears, Mr. Connor was at the snpper ta
ble, apparently in good health, when he
fell back from his chair and said. “Good-
by to all. The time has come. I go this
time,” and breathed his last. Deceased
was engaged in the saddle and harness-
making business. He was born in Kent
county Md., in 1813, and was a lineal
decendant of the Philip Connor so con
spicuous in the colonial history" of this
State.
" Horrible Murder of a Young
Womax.—The township of Hamilton,
Pennsylvania, was thrown into a state of
wild excitement Monday morning on find-
ng that the seventeen-year-old daughter
of Samuel Bittenbender had been murder
ed, her head being pounded into a jelly.
The girl left her home yesterday after
noon to go to Jacob Marsh’s to do work.
Her little sisters, while on their way to
school this morning, discovered her by the
roadside with her brains scattered over
the fence and stones where she lay. There
were several tramp3 seen In the vicinity
early in the morning, and it is supposed
they committed tbe crime.
Capt. Eads’ jetties have had a re
markable effect on the commerce ot tbe
Mississippi Valley. Since January 1 St.
Louis has shipped to Europe twice as
much grain by way of New Orleans as
passed out the country by that route in
the corresponding period of last year,
is said that tbe shipments are at present
limited by the want of barges, Ac., with
which to move the grain, and fleets of boats
are being built to supply this want. The
crop to be moved Is so great this year that
in spite of the increase in shipments by
water from St. Louis the railroads east
ward have been doing an immense busi-
iness at paying rates. Tbe prosperity of
tl>e country is based on tbe sure foundation
of an enormous crop, for which there is
a paying market.
Killed by “Serpent’s Egos.”—
John Dickenson, aged 35 years, residing
at 25} Moffat street, Brooklyn, and doing
.business at No. 229 Broadway, New York,
has lost his life through the inhalation of
the vapor from the toy known as “ser
pent’s eggs,” of which he was tbe maker.
These eggs, while burning and producing
the serpent, have for a long time been
considercd'by physicians as dangerous to
use iu a close room on account ot the
noxious vapor arising therefrom. The re
tort Friday cracked while Mr. Dickenson
wasbcndingover.it, aud.be inhaled the
poisonous tumes. When he noticed this
he drove his wife and children quickly
out of the basement, at tlie same lime re
marking that it was all over with him
A short time after he was seized with s
choking cough, and iu one of the spasms
he died.
Doji Pedro,'Emperor of Brazil, has
some original and very effective ways of
doing things. Wishing to test a.iailroad
brake of wliicli ho had beard a great deal,
he had the appliance adjusted to his loco
motive and cars, and the engineer in
structed how to nse it. Then he embark
ed aboard his train and started upon an
excursion. At a dangerous point in tbe
road the engineer, whose train was run
ning at thirty-two miles an hour, saw
what was apparently an immense rock
that had fallen upon the track, a few hun
dred yards ahead. He put the brakes
dovv n with a vigor which may be conceiv-
ed, and succeeded iu arresting the train
before it came m collision with the ob
stacle. This, however, when more close
ly examined, proflsd u> be a pasteboard
rock of Dorn Pedro's own, contrivance,
iic wanted a practical test of the new
hrxkeaud that w as his way of securing
have already been or will shortly be ad
dressed to these States by the so-called
Republican editors of the other members
ofthe Federal Union, were pretermitted
In 1870 by reason oi tbe actual election of
Tilden, and are due in 1SS0 jto the fact
that a few thousand votes in ’so-called
pivotal States have been bought and
frightened into voting for Garfield. The
majority of the intelligent suffrage of the
United States, conceding all the negroes,
to Garfield* have indorsed Hanoojk and
English; audit is too apparent for dispute
that if-the necessities of sel^-protection
3tai hold the States of the South.as a unit
in a common cause,- they are bound to se
cure Impartial consideration's States of
the Union at last. This attitude of these
States, as a defenseless minority, is noth
ing more than an appfeal to the magnanim
ity of the immense anti-Southern majori
ties, against the settled policy ofthe so-
called Republican party to degrade and
trample them under foot.
It would be impossible to maintain this
attitude, if opposed upon the part ofthe
Republican North, with reason, justice
and impartiality. But these methods never
have been and, for many yeare to come,
never will be tried. None of the Repub
licans have ever yet, since the 1 war, been
able to concede the South an equal status
in the Union. It is still a conquered
province—subsisting by toleration, and to
be held by the arts of repression, and with
a settled caution and distrust. No man
of discretion, North or South, would think
of proposing a Southern man for President,
and the expressed confidence of the South
ern people in any Northern man injures
him iu that section.
These facts are very natural and may
be very excusable; but they are facts, and
produce that Democratic solidarity of
which the North complains—a solidarity
not to assert a single sectional interest or
opinion, hut suggested bj selfrespect for
self protection against unfriendly admin
istration.
When the Republican] pat national
candidates In the field, they address this
unfriendly sectional feeling and rest their
case upon it almost solely. Can they
reasonably complain that the Southern
people decline to follow suit, and appeal
to the country 3gainst themselves? Are
they reasonably surprised that we refuse
to do it, or that we prefer to act with
the Democrats, who propose a more im
partial course? During the late canyas3
the most prominent Republican speakers
proclaimed their undying hostility to any
administration not Northern and admin
istered in Northern interests. Will they
ask the Southern voters to unite on such
a platform? Is it a just, good or fair or.e?
Will the country thrive under it? (
It should be plain to common sense
that sectionalism must breed sectionalism,
and abuse and calumny cannot inspire a
spirit of broad nationalism which should
guide wise and patriotic counsels. It is
equally plain that such a purpose and
temper are not entertained and cultivated
by the Republican party, and when they
complain that the Southern States refuse
to co-operate with them in their political
designs, the complaint cannot be sincere.
They would be astomshed if the Southern
people were foolish enough to heed it.
Again, the entire policy of the so-called
Republicans inevitably lends tb social dis
cord in tlieSouthern States. It was founded
originally on the idea of organizing a pre
ponderating political negro force out of
the colored people. Disregarding all the
moral, intellectual and pecuniary forces
which are so generally supreme in shap
ing politics in other States, it assumes that
every negro is necessarily a Republican,
and when the votes do not count out in
that wav, it is due to white fraud and
violence. It is owing almost wholly to
these conditions that Garfield has carried
the solid North, but a similar result iu the
Southern States is an unpardonable crime,
though no violence or intimidation be
practiced. We must divide the forces of
intelligence, wealth and character
figures and premises, that the business of
wheat-growing in the United Kingdom,
with average luck, b a' pretty ihir busi
ness, after al^ It is not likely to be utter
ly starved out by American competition.
Thus it is shown that the averige yield of
English wheat lands is at least 26 bushels
per acre, though some authorities make it
more.
Now, the average wheat product of the
United States per acre is Drily* 13.09, just
about half the yield In GreatBfitain. The
average price of American wheatlu Amer
ica was, in 1,871 (the highest oflate years),
$1.26 per bushel, and ,in 1^78 (the lowest
year) it was $1.04 per bushel. But the
British farmer averaged $1.36 in 1873,
$1.27 in 1878, and $1.57 through the series
of years. So, then, the average acre of
wheat In these years was w6rth to the
American farmer $12.86; but the English
farmer received for his average greater
yield and higher price during .these years
—$4L95 per acre. *3 "■
One is glad to see the Northern papeis
figure up so good a case for English agri
culture. True, rather a fatal deduction
must be allowed, for the greater tost" of
English tillage and fertilizing, which are
carried on at more than double the ex
pense of American wheat farming. The
most of our American wheat is raised with-;
out fertilizing. Much of! our rich
prairie and tyottom lands are
only too rich already. The growth of
the straw is so excessive as ti endanger
the grain. Itis only in older and. less
fertile States that manuring is resorted to,
and it is probable that the British .farmer
expends on his wheat four or| five times
the labor that the average! American
farmer does; while the land represents
twenty to forty times the average value.
But, conceding that the case is made
out, and the English fanner can go on,
pay his rents with an average yield and
have a little balance left on hattd at the
close ofthe year, we are heartily glad of
it, pnd can easily see why the Northern
press is anxious to show that jsucli is and
must he the case.- » r*- : j
The fact is. a nation disabled for the
production of its own bread is : in a disa
greeable if pot. perilous condition; Its"
soil, which should be its chief value, and
the foundation of other values, ceases to
he a solid basis of wealth, and'has only a
lancy, fluctuating and fallacious value.
Its foreign bi*ad raisers hold a ligature
round the throat of its foreign policy.
Now the furnishing of bread stuffs and
other food, chiefly to Great Britain, more
or less disabled by two years of successive
short crops, has constituted those high and
prosperous times which have just elected
Garfield; but they have also (tone a great
deal more. They have, opened the eyes of
the British people to an apparent fact that
their agricultural products can always be
undersold in their own markets by those
of America—that they cannot raise grain
—pay rental and sell for what the Ameri
can fanner can, with his cheap new lauds
which require only the most careless cul
ture and no fertilization.' ’ J
This might not be so moving a consider
ation if they could returfi to. this country
iu payment for our products other pro
ducts of their own labor on any terms
approximating equality. But that is im
possible. Our tariff duties confront thetri
here with taxes on their merchandise
.. Gov. Colquitt's Message.
Executive Department, State oe
Georgia, Atlanta, Ga., November -3,
1880.—To the Qerfetal Assembly: I ex
tend * cordial greeting to tbe representa
tives ofthe people of Georgia, who now
assemble to oonslder the public welfare
in thp second biennial session under our
new constitution. Through the blessings
of a kind Providence, our State has been
permitted to grow in prosperity. There
is everywhere in the broad limits of the
commonwealth, progress, order, thrift and
contentment. A11 industries have thrived.
All classes rejoice in an improved condi
tion, and in the hopefulness of a bright
future.- - Our- resources have been
multiplied and developed. The
different sections of the State
have grown in wealth and population.
Oar credit maintains Us exalted standard;
our public, debt is diminishing; crime is
stead'ily on the decrease. It is a matter of
congratulation to all true patriots to ob
serve the rapid progress ofthe State iu
moral and material development.
In reporting to the General Assembly
the workings of tbe various departments
and institutions of the State government,
it becomes necessary to indude two yearn.
Accompanying are copies:of the repot ts
ofthe officers in charge, to which‘the
members are referred for the details of
each.
STATE FINANCES.
At the close of the fiscal, year—Septem
ber 30,1878—the balance in the treasury
was $295,780.68. During the year, from
October 1,1878, to September 30,1879, in
clusive, the receipts amounted to $1,847,-
790.54 making a sum total iu the treasury
of $2,143,580.68. The disbursements dur
ing that fiscal year were $1,212,671.60,
leaving a balance in the treasury Septem
ber 30, 1879, of $930,008.62.
During the year from. October 1,1879,
to September 30, 1880, inclusive, the
receipts were $4,589,015.64, making a sum
total in tbe treasury of $5,519,924.26. The
disbursements during this fiscal year
amounted to $4,$33,683.79, leaving a cash
balauce in the treasury September30,1880,
of $6S0,240.47. One large transaction
reported was the item of $2,298,000.00,
This was the funding of the 7 per cent,
indorsed bonds of the Macon and Bruns
wick, North and South, and Memphis
Branch railroads in 6 per* "cent. State
bonds, under the act of 1877-.
The treasurer recommends that the act
approved December 17,1878, authorizin'
and requiring the Governor to issue^SlOO,-
000 of 4 per cent, bonds in .1881, to nieet
bonds issued under the act of February,
27, 1856, he repealed, as there Is'a surplus
in the treasury. He also recommends,
that ofthe$400,000of4 percent, bonds
already issued, of'Whlch $300,000 have
been redeemed, the remaining $100,900
still out be called in" and redeemed, as
there is a sufficient surplus iri the treasu
ry to do so. I concur in these recommen
dations. Such action will save interest
to the State, and will diminish instead of
increasing the public debt.
The report of the Comptroller-General
exhibits the gratifying fact that the in
crease in the value of the taxable proper
ty of the State will exceed fourteen mil
lions of dollars.
TnE lunatic asylum. ■ 1
The management of the Lunatic Asy
lum for the past two years has been aide
ranging from forty to one hundred per
please them. "We mint array the whites
against each other and scramble in the
mud of low electioneering to split the
colored population and make it the bal
ance of power between the whites,
needs no aid of imagination to see where
this, when it comes, will lead to: de
bauchery and " ruin of both races,
and interminable social and in
dustrial disorder. It may come, perhaps
it cannot long he avoided, but in our op
inion it will be the opening of the seventh
seal of trouble and ruin to both whites
and blacks.
The Southern people, sensible of their
unfortunate condition at best, have ex
hausted their ingenuity to imagine 3ome
way by which they could use their pollti-
cal Influence without" injury to themselves.
Many have suggested lliat they should
take no part in national elections; bat
this would be represented as disloyalty.
That they should run blank electoral tick
ets—pledged to no man; this would be
considered still more offensive. Thatthey
should hill the Republican party by vot
ing with it; this would sacrifice conscience
aud conviction. There is no better way
than to stand by the party nearest in har
mony with us, and writ patiently for re
sults to work out.
Our Northern lecturers monopolize tbs
wisdom of the country, in their opinion;
hut they do not comprehend tbe difficul
ties of the case. The Southern States,
which conceived aud framed cur form of
government, should be conceded some
right of judgment In the premises.
The Governors Message.
The message of Governor Colquitt was
laid before the Legislature,yesterday, and
is printed in acleneo elsewhere in oHr
present issue. It is confined wholly' 19,
domestic matters, and a. brief glance, at
the contents shows tbe affairs of the
Commonwealth to be in a highly satis
factory and prosperous condition. We
have neither space nor time for com
ment at present, but may discuss its
various details on a subsequent occasion.
The document is lucidly and ably written.
A Prosperous Manufacturing Es
tablishment.—The Roswell Manufac
turing Company has just declared a semi
annual dividend of 4 par cent., making
about 10 per cent, for the current year.
Under the able management of Col. Jas.
W. Robertson the factory is in a highly
flourishing condition. The product of
the looms was 1,171,157 yards of colored
goods, sheeting and shirting, besides yarns
and warps to the amouut of.792,233
pounds. The mill during the year con
sumed 2,994 bales of cotton. Within a
short time the number of spindles has
been increased from 4,896 to 8,400. There
Is a handsome snrp’.us fund also to the
credit ofthe company,
These facts opeq a, coxujition of indus
trial exchanges which seems tobe ruinous,
and hence no one should be surprised at a
strong and growing disposition to meet
our agricultural exports to Great Britain
with a moderate so-called protective tariff.
The question will he whether American
farmers will wake up to their own inter
ests in time to prevent such an impost by
reasonable concessions to foreign manu
factures.
Imposts and Exports.—The Imports
of merchandise Into tbe United States
during the twelve months ended Septem
ber 30,1880, were valued at $706,153,70S,
an Increase of $243,209,611 over the value
of imports last year. The imports of gold
and silver coin and bullion amounted to
$86,179,586, an increase of $=13,075,036
over last year. The ex polls of, meicban-
dise for the year ended September 30,
18S0, aggregated $869,972,021 in value, an
increase of 140,578,307 over the preced
ing year.
The exports of gold and silver coin and
bullion amounted to $14,755,653, a de
crease of $11,184,076 as compared with
the same period of last year. The total
exports of merchandise and specie aggre
gate $SS4,72S,574, an excess of $92,390,190
over total imports. Last year the excess
was for the same period $230,285,540.
The so-called “balance of trade” in our
favor was thus reduced $137,090,850, yet
Who can doubt that business was belter
and more profitable, with a growth of to
tal foreign trade fiom $1,262,083,020 to
$1,677,001,9-55, or $414,678,933 increase in
a single year, accompanied with a net in
crease of $71,423,933 in the country’s coin
and bnllion, this increase being $04,259,-
112 greater ihan it was in the former
year. ' ■
and economical. The average of patients
during tlie year, from October, 1S78, to
October, 1879, was 74S patients, at a cost
per capita of 32 9-10 cents, against 34 85-
109 the year before, and"3G 33-100 in 1877,
showing a steady reduction of expense.
Tlie expense aggregated $S9,C20.19. which
included the purchase of twenty-fire acres
of land and the rebuilding of stables and
barns. The whole number of patients in
and invested it in connection with the
campus and buildings of the old Fletcher
institutegenerously given by tbe Methodist
church. This college has received $2,000
from the trustees, of the State University.
The college at Milledgeviile was organiz
ed in January, 1880, and the old State
capltol utilized for the purpose". With
only $1,200 of State money, this institu
tion has employed 10 teachers and in
structed 385 children. The college will
get $2,000 for the year from the trustees
of the State University. The
college at Cutbbert began worts
September 15th, 1879, and has had four
teachers and, 187 children. The college
property consists of good buildings aud
.1 estate, which formerly belonged to
tbe Bethel Female College aud the
’Cutbbert Male High. School. ,
In view of the valuable work effected
iu the great cause of education by these
institutions, I submit to the General As
sembly the question, whether the public
interest cannot be substantially sub
served by some judicious method of aid
and encouragement to these colleges.
tot’ Department of Agriculture.
The report of the Commissioner of
Agriculture is especially interesting, and
shows valuable results. The duty of
protecting our fanners from inferior fer
tilizers is very important. The statistics
show that during the season of 1879-80
there were 119,583.06 tons of commercial
fertilizers inspected in the State. This
was an increase of 34,534 tons over the
previous year. Of these, 104,838 tons
were ammoniated superphosphates, and
13,906 tons were acid -phosphates. The
number of brands of fertllizera was 182
for this year, against 162 last year.
The amount of money received from
the inspection of fertilizers was $59,791.53,
and the cost of inspection was $10,353.17,
leaving a balance of $49,438.36 of revenue"
from this source that went into tlie treas
ury. Of the $10,353.17 of cost, however,
$841.79 was paid on previous account.
The commissioner recommends a revi
sion ofthe laws relating to "the inspection
and analysis of fertilizers, on account of
their ambiguity and tbe impracticability
of executing some of the requirements.
The commissioner also recommends that
the .urplus of money from the inspection
of fertilizers be used; in establishing an
experimental farm.
The department lias issued 148.000 copies
of circnlars and crop reports, and ha3 now
in press a “Manual on Cattle,” for distri
bution.
The Commissioner includes in his report
the report of the Superintendent of Fishe
ries of Georgia. Iu J une, over One million
of young shad, received from the United
States Commissioner of Fisheries, were
placed in. the Oconee, Ocmulgee and
Chattahoochee rivers. A small number
of German carp were also distributed fer
ponds. The superintendent recommends
a reasonable appropriation to carry on the
work of stocking our rivers with fish.
The Commissioner of Agriculture calls
attention to the gratifying fact of the ad
vance iu the agricultural prosperity of
the State, to improvement in home com
forts on the farms, to the general intro
duction of improved implements and
machinery, ana improved methods of
culture. Steam power has been largely
utilized on the farms, especially in run
ning cotton gins. An increased demand
has been made for improved seeds.
Thoroughbred cattle and sheen have been
bought. The dairying interest has rc-
ceived a decided impetus. Local agri
cultural orgauizations have been institu
ted in greater numbers, and there seems
to be a general aud practical interest
taken by the tanners in the department
of agriculture.
TOT STATE FREE SCHOOL SYSTEM.
The report of the State School Commis
sioner shows that in the last year the at-
the Asylum during the year was 951." A
balance of $3o,009 was le,t unexpended t, em ] auce upon tiie white schools was 143,-
to the credit of the asylum for this fiscal qqq^ colored schools 79,000, making a
year.
The Orange and Apple Crop.—The
Jamaica orange crop Is the largest in the
history of .that island, and the fruit is
large, of fine color and handsome shape.
The Florida crop Will be the largest ever
gathered in that State!, despite the great
storms in August, which destroyed so
much of the young fruit. The apple crop
Is without limit. During the past few
weeks 500,000 barrels have boon sent to
Englaud, and the demand is constant.
Eight hundred car loads of luscious
grapes were recently shipped from Flor
ence to Germany. The grapes were pre
served by a new refrigerating process that
kept them as fresh as when they were
gathered from the vineyards.
A small hoy was arrested in a Mihvau-
The average of patients for the year,
from October, 1879, to October, 1880, in
creased from 74S to S20, and the cost per
capita was 35 64-100 cents, being an in
crease due to advauce in the price of sup
plies, provisions and" labor. Dur
ing this year, new buildings were
added . for the accommodation of
colored patients, under the authority of
the General Assembly, aud were paid for
out of the savings of the two previous
years. The whole expense of the asylum
for this year, including many improve
ments, was $106,722.39. The whole num
ber of patients was 1,05S. The number
of cases discharged restored was great
er than any previous year.. The attention
of the General Assembly is called to cer
tain suggestions in the reports of the trus
tees accompanying this message. The
proper vouchers for the expenditures of
the asylum are in tlie executive office for
the examination of the legislative commit
tee.
Special attention is called to the recom
mendation of tlie trustees and superinten
dent for an additional asylum, as the
present building will not accommodate
the insane of the State.
TOT PENITENTIARY. _
The principal keeper of the peniten
tiary reports that on October 20, 1878,
there were in the penitentiary 1,239 con
victs, and since then have been received
up to October 1,1SS0,444 convicts, mak
ing an aggregate of 1,6S3 in the two years.
Of this number, 332 have been discharged,
SO died, 32 escaped and 52 pardoned—496
mall, leaving 1,187 in the penitentiary. As
in 1S77 there were 209 convicts received,
and 340 in 1878, or 549 in tbe two years,
against 444 iu 1S79 and 1880, it will be
seen that there ha3 been a gratifying de
crease in crime iu the State. Tlie de
crease in deaths and escapes shows the
humane treatment of the convicts
as „ well as the vigilant discip
line preserved. Every "effort has been
made to secure the two fold object of the
strict execution of legal penalties in con
junction with humanity. The grand
juries ofthe counties where the camps are
located, maintain a close supervision of
the convicts, and report them in Ex
cellent order, and as conducted with every
regard to the law aud the welfare of this
unfortunate class.
The principal keeper recommends that
when convicts are released from the peni
tentiary, some provision should 1 e made
for supplying them with s small sum of
money to enable them to return to their
homes. Without money, and under sus
picion created by their convict garb, they
are driven sometimes to crime to get sub-
slstance. Tlie recommendation is worthy
of consideration, aud 1 suggest further,
that provision be made forsupplying them
with citizen's clothes.
TIIE STATE UNIVERSITY.
During the year 1S79, the reveuue. of
the State University, at Athens, was $33,-
274.57. Tbe total number of students
was 149. It the last year, 1SS0, closing
July 8, the Infalavailable fuud was $40,-
03-5.96, of which $7,270.65 was the balance
from the previous year. Tbe disburse
ments were $02,13S.4S, leaving a cash bal
ance of $7,897.48 The amount realized
from tuition was $2,277 50. Tlie whole
nmnber.of students at Athens in 1SS0 was
152, a small increase over the previous
year. Of these, 82 were iu the literary
college, 03 in the College of Agriculture
Mauti*'"
school
kce suburb at niglit, and thu3'cut>sbortin
his carec-r as a highwayman, lie wore a
black mask, carried a dark lantern, pnjt,
was armed with two pistols. In his pock
et was found the “Life and Adventures of
Jack Sheppard.”"
Decided.—The American people have
decided that a lie, well stuck to, is belter
than the truth. A liar is preferable to •
man who tells tbe truth. AH who have
aided In this triumph most be content t«
accept tkei&fuU share In the proclaimed
degradation of our political system.
The residents of northern Michigan
do not wish to have the deer exterminated.
At the opening of tlie present season they
advertised that hunters would not be
welcome, and would probably lose their
dogs if they came. Their request was
disregarded, aud the mortality among the
dogs by reason of poison i3 greater than
among the deer.
mechanic arts, and 7 in tiie law
:•; «i ,-f | m H ' • * ' * 1 -■
I11 - the branch " colleges at Dahlon-
egaj,' Thomasville, Cutbbert and Mil-
ledge.ville, : were 1,024 piipjh>, . shoe
ing a most. ( . rcmuakablo patronage
of these institutions, aud their
value to the State. At Datilbijega weTe
.320—males 240, aud females" 80; at
.Thomasvillo 170, all males.; at! Cutbbert
178, all males; and at-Miiledgcvillo:331—
males ICO, aud females JrG. Adding to
these t*-e 112 students in the medical de
partment iu Augusta, and we have the
large aggregate of 1,288 students receiv
ing education at these various State iusti-
juliOPS. -r* Ttm * 4.IU
I cannot forbear a" few words of earn
est commentlaliou of these branch colle
ge*. tTheir remarkably successful estab
lishment in so short a time", and the good
they are doing, constitute the best practi
cal commentary upon tlie sagacity and
public spirit that inspired itiein. Tbe
North Georgia College last Fitly commis
sioned . Jit . youpg men and vtoroeu
to teach iu. .our Sure . schools,
aud reliable ret turns show that
the teachers sent out tVoua "tins institu
tion instructed in the.fail.of 1K9 no less
than 0,000 children-,; .'ibo .at
Thoinasvillc was not organized until Sep- 1
teiuber, 1879, aud it now has 4 teachers
and 377 pupils. Thq citizens of Thonras-
v11'e raised $7,000 by private subscription,
total of 224,000, being an increase of 14,-
000 over tlie year 1878.
The Commissioner gives the attendance
since the inauguration of the school sys
tem in 1871, and the figures exhibit tbe
gratifying fact of % steady growth of the
system in each year. In 1871, white pu
pils, 42,914; colored, 6,064; total, 49.578.
In 1873, white, G3,922; colored, 19,755; to
tal, 83,077; increase, 31,099. In 1S74,
white, 93,107; colored, 42,374; to al, 135,-
541; increase, 51,864. In 1875, white,
105,990; colored, 50,338; total, 150,394; in
crease, 20,SOS. In 1870, white, 121,418;
colored, 57,9S7; total, 179,405; increase,
23,011. Iu 1877, white, 128,290; colored,
02,330; total, 190,020; increase, 11,221. In
1878, white, 137,217; colored, 72,055; to
tal, 209,S72; increase, 19,246. The total
number of children ot school age
is 433,444. The net amount appro
priated in 1870 for the schools was $155,-
204 31. In 1S80 the amount was $185,-
789.54. The increase in 1SS0 was due to
the liquor tax, a half year’s yield furnish
ing $35,000. The poll tax is to be added,
which is retained in the counties. In 1879
the net poll tax collected was $100,484.35.
The whole amouut estimated for the pub
lic schools for 1S39 will be $370,000. Cer
tain cities and counties, under local laws,
raise by local taxatiou for school purposes
about $150,000 yearly, making the whole
sum, which will be annually raised by
the present laws for free education,
$526,000.
The commissioner recommends a num
ber of methods for increasing the
school fund, to whiph legislative
attention is directed. The sum ot
$300,000 has supported the public schools
in the different counties for periods vary
ing from one and a half to three months
ofthe year. The steady increase in the
attendance at the public schools demon
strates the growing popular appreciation
of them aud their enhancing utility. I
trust that some means may be devised to
strengthen this powerful instrument of
State progress.
the attorney-general’s report.
The report of the Attorney-General In
cludes the operations of Ids’ department
since 1878. In 1874 an act was passed by
the Legislature taxing the property of all
the railroads in the State as other property
of the citizens is taxable. Many of these
corporations claimed that they were enti
tied by their charters to a limited, pre
scribed rate of taxation, and that it was a
violation of the contract made with the
State to attempt to impose a higher rate
The rate prescribed in theic charters was
generally one-half of one per cent, upon
their net income. The object of the act
was to test the right of the Stale to tax
the railroads beyond the limits prescribed
in their charters, and a method was pre
scribed by that act by which the railroads
could avail themselves of all the privileges
conferred by their charters. Suns were
instituted after tlie passage of that act
against most of tlie railroad companies
for taxes due under that act during the
term of my predecessor; and while
taxes were collected against those
roads which had no chartered exemp
tions, yet in most of the leading lines of
tins States, the decisions of tlie courts, ei
ther of this State or tlie Supreme Court of
the United States, were adverse to the
right of tlie State to recover any taxes be
yond its chartered rate. These 11. fas.
were generally for taxes due for the years
1874 aud 1S75.
Still, the .Legislature, by re-enacting
the act of 1874—only amending it—con
tinued to impose the taxyatidmade ft the
duty ofthe Executive to enforce it, if
possible, tinder the law. ’ ,3 1
The Attorney-General called my atten
tion to these acts, and suggested that if
new suits were instituted against ; tlie: rail
roads, a decision might be obtained from
the courts, either declaring these exemp
tions unconstitutional, or else materially
modifying them. Gen. Toombs, who
had bean employed in tlie suits arising
under the fi. fas. for the years 1874
and 1875, was also, employed at the sug
gestion of the attorney-general to aid him
in reopening this litigation, 'fhe comp
troller-general, whose duty It was under
the law to issue the fi. fas., declined to do
so, on the ground that under the decisions
of the courts, uc taxes were due by the
roads beyond their .chartered rates, unless
an executive order, was issued requiring
him to do so. This" order was according
ly given and the fi. fas. issnud.
The report of the Attornoy-General will
show the result of that reopened litiga
tion, j»ml that from this source, apparent
ly closed, there has been collected for the
&tato,ihe handsome sum of $216,683.27.
These collections embrace taxes from the
railroads for the years 1K74 and 1873, as
well as subsequent years, with interest
thereon from the time w uen due. A prin
ciple has been established which will re
sult in bringing a large amount of. reve
nue into, the State treasury annually from
this source. * ; .’ «. -;«j
The Attorney-General .recommends
some legislation in connection With thq,
tax on certain roads, to which special at
tention is called. , The Attorney-General
further recommends that, in order to se
cure a proper return oi the taxable prop
erty of railroads, the duty of determining
what taxes the roads should pay, should
he devolved by the Legislature on the
Railroad Commission instead of the
Comptroller r Genefal.
A very important case is now pending
which involves the constitutionality ofthe
act creatingthe Railroad Commission. A
bill was,filed by M.K-Jessup^urviviug trus
tee of the bondholders, for the old Atlan
tic and Gulf railroad, in the United States
Court, to restrain the Commissioners
from executing the act to regulate tariffs.
Judge Bradley dismissed this bill, when a
second bill was filed by one "of the stock
holders of the Savannah, Florida and Wes
tern Railroad Company, which succeeded
the old Atlautic ana Gulf Railroad Com
pany, aud a, preliminary iiyunction has
been granted, and the case is now' pend
ing. As the case is one of importance, I
retained Gen. Toombs and Messrs. My*
natt & Howell to assist the Attorney-Gen
eral, and"have paid them a portion of
their fee out of the contingent fuud. 1
respectfully call the attention of the Gen
eral Assembly to the case, and to tbe
employment ot assistant counsel, aud re
quest that an appropriation be made for
paying their fees.
In conformity with a resolution of the
General Assembly^ .11.' fas. were issued
against John W. Retifroe, treasurer of the
/State, and Ids sureties, for certain moneys
received as interest on tbe public funds.
Bills were filed in these cases by the de
fendants, and injunctions granted, aud tbe
cases are now pending.
In the case of the State agaiust John
Jones,, treasurer, and John T. Grant and
C. Al Nutting, sureties, a judgment was
obtained for $96,000, dated May 23, 1879.
A motion was made to set aside the judg
ment. The suit was instituted during the
term of my predecessor, fcy the attorney
general, Hon. N- J- Hammond, and Gov.
Smith employed to assist him General R.
Toombs, Messrs. McCiy & Tiippe, (2qL
"Willis A. Hawkins and Mr. Wm. T. New
man. All of these able lawyers advised
the acceptance of $35,000 offered, in com
promise by" Mr. Grant; The tax books
showed the available property of Mr. Grant
to be about $02,0W, on which there
was a mortgage of $22,000 made prior to
the judgment. This left but $40,000
property to cover the judgment.
Mr. Grant urged, and some
of the State’s counsel conceded, that
he gave the bond to serve a temporary
purpose, deemed important for the public
service, and thought that the new bond
given was legally a substitute for liis
bond. This constituted a stropg, equita
ble reason for accepting the compromise.
Under the circunistsnces," I felt that I had
no alternative except to act upou the
unanimous recommendation of the coun
sel for the State aud accept tHe $35,000 as
the best thing for the Stated interest.
This offer was accepted pending the "mo
tion to set aside the judgment. The Su
preme Court afterwards decided in favor
of the State, but the decision would not
have increased the chances of a larger re
covery.
THE MACON AND BRUNSWICK RAILROAD.
The General Assembly passed an act,
which wa3 approved September 3, 1879,
authorizing tlie lease of the Macon and
Brunswick railroad, with the privilege by
the lessees of purchasing the road for
$1,125,000. On the 10th of September,
1879, the road was advertised for lease as
directed by the act, the lease to he made
at public outcry, in Macon, on .Thursday,
the 6th day of November, between the
legal hours of sale. The road was put up
on the said day, aud the bidding was not
finished when the legal hoar of sale had
closed, while in the confusion and rapidity
of bids as the clock struck, it wa3 impossi
ble to decide whose bid was entitled to
the lease, and the highest bid obtainable
had not been offered. The sum of $170.-
090 was bid as the yearly rent. In
conformity with the law, the road was
rekdvertised for lease on the lSlh day of
November, 1879, in Macon; tbe lease to
be made on Tuesday, the 13th day of
January, 1880, in the legal hours of sale,
and to continue from day to day until
made. The read was knocked down to
Mr. James M. Coupcr, representing a
company of capitalists, for the sum of
$194,000 rental, and the $10,000 required by
the act was promptly paid. Iti concluding
the negotiations,the lessees offered to pur
chase immediately, and desired an un
conditional warrauty deed to the road,
which I did not feel authorized to give lu
behalf ofthe State. After some delay,
the lessees consented to receive the road
under a deed accompanied with an ex
planatory . document that no warranty
was given, save such as was authorized
by the law of the lease and the general
laws of the State. On the 2Sth of Febru
ary, 1880, the lease and sale were con
cluded, and the road transferred to Jas.
M. Coupcr, Geo. H. Hazlehurst, A. J.
Lane aud \V. M. Johnston, as lessees
first, aad afterwards as purchasers. All
ofthe provisions ofthe law were com
plied with. The stim of $250,000 ia 4
per cent, bonds of the State of Georgia
was paid by the purchasers, and the title
transferred. The purchasers have already
begun to survey a route for the exten
sion of the road from Macon to Atlanta,
as required by the act, within twelve
months after the execution ofthe lease.
The act has been fully executed, the
sale of this valuable property having been
effected to a strong company, financially
responsible, and in every way legally
bound to carry out tojtho letter the law of
tlie purchase, and I have every reason to
believe they will comply wfth their obli
gations.
The directors of the Macon and Bruns
wick railroad make their final report of
their management of the road from Sep
tember 30,1878, the date of theic last re
port, to February 29, 1880, when tlJey
turned over the road to the lessees and
purchasers. The earnings during this pe
riod were $63S,731.36, and the expenses
$490,240,35, leaving a balance of $142,-
484.91. The road has paid into the treas
ury during these seventeen months $164",-
008.12, which includes some of th- warn
ings previous to October^ 1878. Considera
ble addition was made to the equipment
of the road, Including engines, cars and
rails. The directors refer the reduction
of the net income reooived by tbe State
from tbe road to several large amounts
paid since the road was seized by tbe
State in 1873, including $97,790 of fare
bUls ofthe old company, $11,585.00 of old
mortgage bonds, aud $14,041.00 of freight
balances lost, due by the Atlautic and
Gulf railroad of freight balances.
The directors have been engaged, under
executive direction, since the sale of the
road; in winding up the unsettled busi
ness, a portion of which still : needs some
attention, hut is iu process of settlement.
MACON AND BRUNSWICK RAILROAD OOU-
•. .i rON*.
The last General Assembly passed a
resolution approved October 17,1879, re
questing the Governor to investigate and
report 10 the next General Assembly
about tbe validity of certain coupons due
on or before January 1, 1873, of the Ma
con and Brunswick railroad indorsed
bonds.
I have to report to the General Assem
bly, iri response to this resolution, that the
coupons referred to were coupons ot the
first mortgage bonds of the Macon and
Brunswick railroad, indorsed by the
State. Governor Smith seized tbe road
on account ofthe non-payment of the in
terest of the road July 2,1873. The inter
est was due July 1, 1873. The Leg
islature of 1875 passed an act authorizing
the issue of $640,000 of bonds to pay tbe
back interest on these and other bonds,
and June 23, 1876, Governor Smith gave
an order to the treasurer, which appears
upon the minutes of the executive depart
ment, which contains these words:
“In paying off the conpons of the $1,-
950,000 Macon and Brunswick railroad
recognized and indorsed first mortgage
bonds, you will be authorized to accept
when any bond or bonds indorsed by the
State, or the interest due thereon, shall
not be paid by said fkilcotd Company at
maturity, or whe^ due, to set re the road
upon information of such default by any
holder of said bond or bonds, and-apply
the earnings of said road to tbe extin
guishment of said bond or bonds or cou-
K The firstinformation given by any
in of said bonds of default in the
payment of interest, was on the 2d day of
July, 1873, of default of the interest due
July 1,1673; and upon this information tbe
road was seized. No information was given
of default in tbe payment of any interest
due before thU time, and the Executive
bad therefore no chance to protect the
State’s interest, if there was such default;
and.the act. authorizing the indorsement
only provided for the application of the
earnings of the road when seized by the
State to tbe extinguishment of said bonds
or coupons in default of the payment of
which the road was seized. The coupon*
due on or before January 1. 1873, of the
Macon & Brunswick Railroad indorsed
bonds, were - excluded from pay
ment under the executive order of June
23,1876, quoted above," as not being valid
and bindiug claims against the State, the
hqldpfs lri^lpg their .right by their failure
to Inform the Governor of the default; the
State, by this failure to give notice of the
default, losing the opportunity to .protect
its interest.
It would be a difficult and tedious task
to ascertain the facts about the holders of
these coupons, and when and from whom
they received them. Under the present
construction of the law, they are not valid
claims against the State. The facts as as
certained are respectfully reported to the
General Assembly for sueb action as is
deemed proper. I * . ’
THE DEAF AND DUMB INSTITUTE.
In 1879 there were 67 pupils, and in
1880, 64 in the State Deaf aud Dumb In
stitute. Of these there were 43 males
and 24 females tlie first jear, and*-32
males and"32 females the second year.
Iu 1879 the receipts of the institute
were $15,041.94, including the balance of
$1,135.80 from the previous year, and the
amount paid out was $15,016.07. In 1880
the receipts were $16,969.S7, and the ex
penses $14,616.18, leaving a Dalance July
1, 1880, of $2,341.69.
The. superintendent calk attention to
the fact that tbe accommodations are very
crowded, no additions having been made
to buildings that were first used for 40,and
now are used for 07 pupils. There is an
absolute necessity for an enlargement of
the buUdings. Some 15 applications from
colored mutes have been made for admis
sion to the benefits of the institute. "The
trustees furnish a statement of the treat
ment given by other -States to their deas
and dumb, and they show that Georgia if
tbe lowest of all the States in the general
appropriation for these unfortunates. At
tention is called to the recommendations
of the superintendent and trustees.
ACADEMY FOR TOT BUND.
Tiie year from October, 1S78, to Octo
ber, 1879, wa3 the 28th year of tbe Geor
gia Academy for tbe Blind, and the ex
penditures amounted to $9,024 20. The
whole number of pupils iu attendance
was 00, and the average monthly at
tendance was 5S. The per capita cost of
eaclF pupil was $105213. For improve
ments and repairs $3,300.03 "were ex
pended*.». .
During the year from October, 1879, to
October, 1880, the 29lli year of this insti
tution, tlie number of pupils was 57, tbe
State appropriation $12,000, and the ex
penditure by the Principal for the main
tenance, salaries, etc., was $10,340.84.
THE RAILROAD COMMISSION.
The report of the Railroad Com
missioners has not been prepared for the
Executive, on account of tbe illness of
Col. Barnett, to whom was specially
deputized the preparation of the report. 1
am informed that the report is. being pre
pared, and I will lay it before the Gen
eral Assembly, as soon as completed.
COMMISSIONER OF LAND AND IMMIGRA
TION.
Under an act approved October 17,
1879,1 appointed Mr. Francis Fontaine
State Commissioner of Land and Immi
gration—an office without emolument,
from the State. The commissioner en
tered immediately upon the discharge of
Ills duties, opening two offices, one in
New York and one in Atlanta, en-
teriugupouan extensive correspondence
iu this eountry and Europe, and printing
circulars and pamphlets to disseminate
information of our soil, climate, produc
tions and* resources. His expenses, in-
cludingthe cost of his living, he reports at
about $2,500, while his fees have altogether
aggregated about $100. Agents bavo
been appointed North and in Europe.
The matter of Immigration has been prac
tically inaugurated, and information
learned as to the proper methods to suc
ceed with it.
The Commissioner reports very fully
his experience, and presents an interest
ing aml> instructive paper, furnishing val
uable and detailed information on this
most important subject. He concludes
that the best plan to get immigrants for
Georgia is to obtain them in Europe, and
bring"them direct to tlie State by steam
ship to Savannah, distributing them by
our own railroads. He suggests that the
following changes be made in the act:
A fixed salary and an office at the capi
cation of a name led to inquiry
suited in the discovery of iStfi*“1*-
njattor wa* .promptly put In’the*I
the solicitor-general of the AUanu 4 ’/
cuit, and the parties were arrested ^
Indicted, and one of than has been 1 i? d
victed. , 06611 ton-
STATE DEPOSITORIES.
Under the act ofthe General Au.„ vi
approved October 16, 1879,1 appoS' r ’
State depositories the following bint*
each under a good hood of $50,000,
quired by the law,viz: The Cent^
Georgia Bank, of Macon;" the iaSS
Bank of Georgia, of- Attanu; the
em Bank of tbe State of Georgia‘h
Savaunak; the Eagle.and Phoenix MW
hetunno; Company, of Augusta; the
Bank of Rome, of Rome; the LaGiW.
pany, of Augusta; the Bank of thl C
vereity.ofAthens; the Bank of America.
and -lie Griffin Banking Company.
These depositories agreed to furnish *11
exchange free ef charge, and each to tike
if required Its proportion of four per ceS
bonds at their par value, and thu
serve the credit of the State.
bus pre. I
GEORGIAS MINERAL RESOURCES.
The last General Assembly made Eo i
appropriation for tire continuance of the I
geological survey ofthe State and the
payment ofthe State geologist. The field I
work was, therefore, suspended. Tliel
State geologist has continued the cones-1
pondeuce of his office to some extent, and I
the collections of ores and ,t... I
collections of ores and geological dan
along the lines of the various railroadj.
He reports a constantly increasing interea
in the mineral nMpon of the State. There
are in operation 50 gold mills with near],-
500 stamps, representing a capital of near,
ly half a million of dollars, brought into
the State from tbe North and West dur.
ing the live years of the active prosecution
ofthe survey.-New investments are beh»
constantly made. s ,
The State geologist reports that he has
just finished the work of collectin'* the
mineral statistics of Georgia for the tenth
census of the United Staf es.
The mining of manganese ore in Bar-
tow county, brown hematite iron in Dade
county, andcopperiuHiralaon county,are
among the developments of the last year
and may be ascribed to the geological de
partment. Fertilizers are being made
of. the potash deposits in Houston aid
Twiggs counties, soapstone is being ship-
ped from Murray and Fannin counties,
sandstone from Bartow county, and asbes
tos, barite, mica and rutiU from oilier
counties. “-
The collection of minerals discloses
some astonishing evidences of Georgias
wealth in minerals. There are specimens
of iron ore from 71 counties; granite, 45;
gold ore, 61; limestone, 48; quartz, 40;
soapstone, 22 ; mill rock, 71; asbestos, 2S;
copper, 27; corundum, 9; kaAin, u-
manganese,'15: marbie, 6; serpentine for
mantels, H; etc. VJ “* *“/«.*■ >q
The survey shows water power afforded
by over 000 streams, tanging from 10 to
300, and as high as 30,000"horse power.
These can be used for cotton factories
and other manuiactures.
The State Geologist calls attention to
the vast number of valuable statistics and
facts that h'aVe been gathered by tlie sur
vey of the varied- land magnificent re
sources of our State that have not been
published, aud where, publication, under
official authority, vpula be beneficial.
A" large inap : of the State, complete and
accurate, is well under way; EverySta'3
in the Union save one has had geological
surveys. It is a matter of serious consider
ation for the" General Assembly whether
tbe Interest ofthe State will riot be sub
served by the completion of the geolog
ical survey.
CONCLUSION.
' The interests of this great common-
wealth which are committed to our nands
by: the constitution of the State, are of in
calculable importance and dignity. If by
cur patriotic devotion we shall conserve
arid advance these, we shall have accom-
plislied a great work^-one worthy of the
noblest ambition. The-times are propi
tious for our efforts in behalf of our be
loved State. Aud now that the excite
ment and disturbing agencies of popular
elections are no longer ‘diverting our at
tention, we may bring an undivided zeal
and industry liito our labors for the public
weal. Tbe happiness which good and wise
government so powerfully aids in
diffusing, is worthy of the
highest powers and utmost sacri
fices of tlie sons of the "State, and the
glory Of oar common country will be
consummated when tvefry ' "community
embraced in the great family of Slates is
made to share iu that .large degree of
prosperity which wise government will
surely promote.
1 gratefully feel my obligation to
assist you in every attempt to elevate tbe
fame and increase the happiness of the
people of onr beloved Georgia, and I can
propose to my own ambition no higher
enterprise or nobler reward than to be a
co-worker in this glorious service.
"-<* Alfred H. Colquitt.
Manners 200 Years Ago.—A curi
ous little book, caUed “The Rules of 1
CiviUty,” which was published in 1675,
throws amusing light on the manners of
our ancestors two centuries ago. “Being
i, 1 i-i-.*; r „ j in discurse with a man,’.’we read on one
tol, in Atlanta, for the commissioner; a 1 —.r _ .—.—n
salary'flSrTirie secretary, office rent and
fixtnres provided for in the city of New
York, if that office be continued; a fixed
sum provided for printing, stationery, pos-
t^e, etc.; and authority to make contracts sle “ ep whe n he is discoursing or reading;
of a business nature witji applicants for j th e& 0 re good manners demand it to 5
forbid; besides something may happen in
page, “’tis no less than ridiculous to pull
him by tbe buttons, to play with his baud
strings, belt or coat, or to punch him now
and then on tlia stomach.” Again, “It
ofa man to
argues neglect and undervalue <
to defray the expense of agents in such
cities or countries in Europe as circum
stances shall warrant, subject to tlie ap
proval of the Governor or Bureau of Im
migration, if such a bureau be constitu
ted.
If immigration is to be enconra-ed, the
fact must be recognized that the State
must incur some expense to obtain its
benefits. If additional labor is needed to
develop our mineral deposits,"to cultivate
our idle land, and to run manufactories,
we must go to work practically to get it.
Mr. Fontaine has made a good beginning,
and attention is directed to tlie record of
his labors, as containing the germ of what
seems to be the most feasible plan to-se-
eure such immigration as wo wisli aud
need. The matter is commended to the
careful consideration of tho General As
sembly.
PARDONS.
I submit, in accordance with the re
quirement ofthe new constitution, a list
ofthe pardons, granted by me since the
date of my message to the last General
Assembly, giving the particulars iu each
case.of executive clemency.
MAIMED SOLDIERS.
The last General Assembly passed an
act carrying into operation the last clause
of "paragraph 1, section "1, article 7 of the
new constitution, to supply the aoidiers
who lost a limb in the military service of
the Confederate States with substantial
artificial limbs during life. The method
of proof was submitted"^ the Attorney-
General, who prepared carefully a system
of blanks for use. The soldiers were re
quired to make affidavits of the facts en
titling them to the aid of the State, and to
support their claim by the affidavit of a
commissioned officer of their company, or
if there was none, by trie affidavits of
three responsible citizens to tbe facts, and
these affidavits were required to be attest
ed by officers holding their commissions
from aud recorded in this office. A cer
tificate under official seal froni the ordi
nary of the county where the applicant
lived was finally exacted as to the identi
ty of the applicant, and his witnesses
and their respectability to complete the
proof. The bjank tonus were sent to the
ordinaries of the different counties for dis
tribution among the maimed soldiers, and
tbe great bulk of the application* were
sent direct to the Comptroller-General,
who kindly consented to take the'trouble
of drawing and remitting tbe money.
Thu* every effort was made to guard
Against fraud, while affording every facil
ity to the poor soldiers to secure their
money with as little expense and trouble
as possible.
Tbe sqm of $69,870 has been paid out on
tbe act tbat may offend, as snoring, sweat
ing, gapiug or dtibbiiug.” More' explicit
are tbe rules for behaving at tlie table:
“In eating, observe to let your
hands be clean. Feed not with both
your bands, nor keep your knife in your
hands. Dip not your fingers in the sauce
nor lick them when you have done. If
you have occasion fo sneeze or cough take
your hat or put your napkiu before your
face. Drink not with your mouth full or
unwiped, nor so long that you are forced
to breatlij in tlie glass.” These arc tbe
rules also for the drawing-room: “If *
person of quality be in the company of la
dies, ’tis too juvenile amt light to play
with, to toss or tumble them, to kisJ
them by surprise, to force away their
hoods, their It ns, their lufls. It is un
handsome among ladies, or any ether se
rious company, to throw off one’s cloak,
to pull off one’s peruke, to cut.one’s nails,
to tie oue’s garter, to change shoes if they
pinch, to call for ono’s slippers to be at
ease, to sing between the teeth, or to drum
with one’s lingers.”
and pay those only which matured July 1, r this fund to 960 maimed
1873, and to July 1, 1870, inclusive.” spfte of every effort to
The exclusion Of the coupons due before parties in At lam a forged
July 1, 2873, was based upou the follow- j ordinaries of several distant
ing considerations: The Governor, under ! presented some bogus appl:
tlie law authorizing the indorsement, ap- 1 skillfully gotten up, and * K -
proved December 3,1860, was required ! small portion of this fund.
TnE Mother Rcles tot World.—
It is bard for a young mother, who has
not yet overcome the waywartj tendencies
of her own youthful catore, to realize tbe
influence she exerts over her* own little
ones. She is constantly surrounded by
critical imitators, who copy her morals
and manners. As the mother is, so are
her sons and daughters. If a family of
Children is blessed with with au intelli
gent mother, who is delicate and refined
in her manners, and does not consider it
necessary to be one woman in a drawing
room and an entirely different person
In every-day life, but who is a ttue
mother, ami always a tender, cbarmipS
woman, you will invariably see her habits
of speech and perfect manners repeated
in her children. Great, rough men ann
noisy, busy boys will always tone dowe
their voices and step lightly and try lo be
more mannerly when she stops to gh e
them a kind, word or a pleasant smile,
for a true motl er will never fail to say or
do ail the pleasant things that site can
lliai will in any way help or lift up and
cheer those whose lives are shaded with
care and toil. The mother of to-day
rules the world of to-morrow.
An Amusing Incident.—In a little
village in Virginia there lived a family
named Ransom. They were not very
pious people, and never went to church.
Once, however, daring a revival, the
family were prevailed upon to attend
Breaching. When they made their re
luctant and tardy appearance the servi
ces had just begun, aud when they had
Scarcely takeu their seats, the minister
gave tbe first hymn, reading it somewhat
Thu*: “Return, ye -ransom sinners,
pe.” ‘ Ail. right.2” toried.ihe head of
Ransoms, getting up in a rase, auu
clapping his hat on his head. “Come
along, old woman and gals, we’Hgo home
fast enough, and everybody in the old
church knows we didn’t want to come.
