Newspaper Page Text
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Odtgrapjj nnii ftlmtngtr
FRIDAY NOVEMBER 12, 1880.
The Czar's Yacht in a Gale.—The
Czar's new end strangely shaped yacht,
the Livadia, was caught in the late gales
in the Day of Biscay, and Is said to have
weathered them with remarkable steadi
ness.
A very old man voted three times at
Washington, Iud., In the recent State elec
tion. On Ills trial it was convincingly
shown that, though sober, he had been so
carried away by'escitement as to forget
that he had already voted.
The Paris correspondent of the Tablet
avers tliat Mmo. do Glrardin, an impar
tial an J experienced judge, said that the
only reason she despaired of France was
that it was the only nation she knew in
which the men were better than the wo-
As to the Solid*. } 'English Wheat, Etc.
The eight or ten thousand solemn ad- ; The American philosophers are care-
monitions to the “solid South,” which fully establishing, at least by their ow n
have already been or will shortly bead- figures and premises, that Uie businessof
dressed to these States by the so-called
Republican editors of the other members
oftbe Federal Union, were pretermltted
in 1870 by reason of the actual election of
Tildcn, and are due in 1SS0 to the fact
that a few thousand votes In so-called
pivotal States liave been bought and
frightened into voting for Garfield. The
majority of the intelligent suffrage of the
United States, conceding all the negroes
to Garfield, have indorsed Ilancock and
English; and it is too apparent for dispute
that if the necessities of self-protection
st.il hold the States of the South as a unit
in a common cause, they are bound to se
cure impartial consideration as States of
the Union at last. This attitude of these
States, as a defenseless minority, is noth
ing more than an appeal to the magnanim
ity of the immense anti-Southern majori
ties, against the settled policy of tlio se-
called Republican party to degrade and
trample them under foot.
It would be impossible to maintain tbis
attitude, ifhpposed upon the part of the
Republican Nortli, with reason, justice
and impartiality. Rut these methods never
have beeu and, for many years to come,
never will be tried. None of the Repub
licans have ever^ret, since the war, been
able to concede the South an equal status
in tho Union. It is still a conquered
The export of iron ore from Spain in
the first half of this year was ICO per cent,
more than in 1870. Spain is now full of
•ommercial Englishmen, who run the
railroads, mines, and vineyards. The
Spaniards are not very fond of these Brit
ons, but can’t get along without them.
Nearly every engine in Spain hails from
Manchester or Birmingham.
TnE twelfth “National cat show” has
beeu in progress at the Crystal Palace,
Loudon. There were oaU valued at five ..
hundred dollars in tlio exhibition. “Per- province-subsisting by toleration, and to
sian Toms ” “Maltese Toms,” Manx cats, I* b * ld «*• ° r repression, and with
Sustendjee Pussy*, Angora Gray-mslktns * settled caution and distrust. No man
and Tabbies of various lineage. Baroness of discretion, North or South, would think
Burdelt-CouUs wins a prize for a kitten, of proposing a Southern man forPresident,
ami the aristocracy contend for the and the expressed confidence oftheboutb-
awar.ls I ern in aa y Northern man injures
A CORRESPONDENT Of lllO Louisville b ‘ m bl lbat SeCt *° n .
Courier-Journal, who has examined Tom I These facts are very natural and may
HugheVTcnnessee settlement, Rugby, be v «nr excusable; but they are facts, and
writes very disparagingly of it. The land produce that Democratic solidarity of
will raise a barrel of com to the acre, he wl,ich tbe North complains-a solidarity
says, irtho. crows keep away until the not to assert a single sectional interest or
erop is gathered, and it is too elevated to opinion, but suggested by self-respect for
raise early vegetables for the Cincinnati I self-protection gainst unfriendly admin-
market. The Englishmen there, he says, istration.
lounge about in fine clothes “bossing” I When the Republican! put 'national
the American mechanics and laborers candidates in tho field, they address this
who do tlio work. I unfriendly sectional feeling and rest their
Tub smallest bell of Cologne Catlie-1 case 11 P 011 ^ almost solely. Can they
Ural received a few montlis ago a serious reasonably complain that tho Southern
hyury. It was taken down and sent to I P eo l de decline to follow suit, and appeal
Gosses foundry at Dresden to be recast. I t0 tbe country against themselves? Are
It had been originally cast in 1418, and reasonably surprised that we refuse
had already been recast twice. The court 1 10 do it, or that we prefer to act with
organist says that the tone is now perfect. I * be Democrats, who propose a more ira-
There are three other bells. One is the P a »*ial course? During the late canvass
great “Kaiserglocke,”the ehiefingredients «*“ niosl prominent Republican speakers
of whose metal came from the French I proclaimed their undying hostility to any
cannon taken at Sedan. The two others administration not Northern and admin- or less disabled by two years of successive
ire comparatively old. istered in Northern Interests. Will they short crops, has constituted those high and
Mrs. Abraham Lincoln’s Low Es-1 a,k tbe Southern voters to unite on such I prosperous times which have just elected
tate.—A New York correspondent of a P ,alfonu? Is it a just, good or fair one? I Garfield; but they have also done a great
the I'liiiadelphia Times says: Truth is Will the country thrive under it ? deal more. They have opened tlio eyes of
stranger than fiction anyhow, and the 11 sbouI d b « plain to common s-msc the British people to an apparent fact that
few who saw the widow or Abraham Lin- tbat sectionalism must breed sectionalism, their agricultural products can always be
coin thrust rudely back by policemen at and abuse and calumny cannot inspire a undersold in their own markets by those
the steamship wharf on Wednesday could s P int ofbroad nationalism which should of America—that they cannot raise grain
not but be sure oflhat ract. An aged, white- aad Photic counsels. It is -OT rental and sell for what the Amerl-
haired woman, almost shabbily clad, she equally plain that such a purpose and can farmer can, with his cheap new lands
attracted no attention from the throng temper are not entertained and cultivated which require only tho most careless cul-
who crowded about to welcome the French b >* tbe Republican party, and when they lure and no fertilization,
adventuress. I complain that the Southern States refuse This might not be so moving a consider-
Death at the SupperTarle.—Jas. to co-operate with them in their political ati,J| i if they could return to this country
Connor, of Wilmington, Del., died very designs, the complaint cannot be sincere, in payment for our products other pro-
auddenly Saturday evening or heart dis- I T1,e y would be astonished if the Southern I ducts of their own labor on any terms
ears. Mr. Connor was at tbe supper ta- OTP>e wws foolish enough to heed it. approximating equality. But that is im-
Sle, apparently in good healtii, when ho A S*i». ll ‘C entire policy of tlie so-called possible. Our tarifT duties confront them
fell back from his chair and said. “Good- I Repubi.cans inevitably tends to social dis-1 b< ^ with taxes on tbeir merchandise
by to all. Tbe time has come. I go this cord in 11,0 Southern States. It was founded ranging from forty to one hundred per
time,” and breathed his last. Deceased originally on the Idea of organizing a pro- ceilt - «
was engaged in tho saddle and harness- ponderating political negro force out of These facts open a condition of indus-
making business. He wa3 born in Kent the colorod people. Disregarding all the trial exchanges which seems to be ruinous,
county Md., in 18b), and was a lineal I moral > intellectual and pecuniary forces I anJ hence no one should bo surprised at a
docendant of tlio Fliilip Coknor so con- wll,ch arc 50 generally supreme in simp- str ° n g and growing disposition to meet
spiciousin the colonial history of this I in 3 politics in other States, it assumes that [ our agricultural exports to Great Britain
Sute> . every negro is necessarily a Republican, | w ‘th a moderate so-called protective tariff.
Horrible Murder of a Young aMd wben tbe votes do ,10t ®o«nt out in I Tbe question will be wiictber American
Woman—The township of Hamilton, ,hat Kav > Jt « due to white fraud aud fanners will wake up to their own inter-
Pennsylvania, was thrown into a state of violence. It is owing almost wholly to «•*» in tim010 prevent sucli an impost by
wild excitement Monday morning on find- tbese conditions that Garfield lias carried I reasonable concessions to foreign raauu-
»g that the seventecn-ycar-old daughter | tbo 8obd North, but a similar result in the I iactures.
•f Samuel Bittenbender liad been murder- Soulhem Slates 13 aa unpardonable crime,
•d, her head being pounded into a jelly. I thou S b 110 violence or intimidation be
The girl left her home yesterday after- j Practiced. We must divide the forces of
aoon to go to Jacob Marsh’s to do work. ,nte,li Sence, wealth and character to
Her little alsteYs, while on their way to P lease tbcm * ' Ve mu>t arra >' tbe whites
wheat-growing in the United Kingdom
with average luck, is a pretty fair busi
ness, after all. It is not likely to be utter
ly starved out by American competition.
Thus it Is shown that the average yield of
English wheat lands is at least 20 bushels
per acre, though some authorities make it
more.
Now, tbe average wheat product of the
United Stales per acre is only 13.09, just
about half the yield in Great Britain. The
average price of American wheat in Amer
ica was, in 1871 (the highest or late years),
$1.20 per bushel, and in 1878 (the lowest
year) it was $1.04 per bushel. But the
British farmer averaged $1.SC in 1873,
$1.27 In 1878, and $1.57 through the series
of years. So, then, the average acre of
wheat in these years was worth to the
American farmer $12.80; but the English
farmer received for his average greater
yield and higher price during these years
—$41.05 per acre.
One is glad to see the Northern papeis
figure up so good a case for English agri
culture. True, rather a fatal deauction
must be allowed for tbe greater cost of
English tillage and fertilizing, which are
carried on at more than double tbe ex
pense of American wheat farming. The
most of our American wheat is raised with
out fertilizing. Much of our rich
prairie aud bottom lands are
only too rich already. Tho growth of
the straw is so excessive as to endanger
the grain. It is only in older and less
fertile States that manuring is resorted to,
and it is probable tbat tho British farmer
expends on his wheat four or five times
the labor that the average American
farmer does; while the land represents
twenty to forty times the average value.
But, conceding that the case is made
out, and the English fanner can go on,
pay his rents with au average yield and
have a little balance left on hand at the
close of the year, we are heartily glad of
it, and can easily see why the Northern
press is anxious to show that such is and
must be tbe case.
The fact is, a nation disabled for the
production of its own bread is in a disa
greeable if not perilous condition. Its
soil, which should be its chief value, and
tbe foundation of other values, ceases to
be a solid basis of wealth, and has only a
fancy, fluctuating and fallacious value.
Its foreign bread raisers bold a ligature
round the throat of its foreign policy.
Now the furnishing of bread stuffs and
other food, chiefly to Great Britain, more
$80,179,5S6, an increase of $53,075,030
over last year. The exports of me.-cliun-
| disc for the year ended-Septcinbe* 30,
1880, aggregated $SC9,972,921 in value, an
i increase of 149,578,307 over the preced
ing year.
The exports of gold aud silver coin and
Imports and Exports.—The imports
of merchandise Into tlio United States
during the twelve months ended Septem
ber 30,1880, were valued at $700,153,708,
school this morning, discovered her by the { a ?ainst cacli other and scramble in the I iinmrts^t'vcaf^The imports of eohl
the fence aud stones where she lay. There I co,oretI population and make It the bal-
were several tramps seen in the vicinity I ancc of P ovver between the whites. It
•arly in the morning, and it is supposed I nceds 110 a hl°f imagination to see where
they committed the crime. I when it comes, will lead to: dc-
Capt. Eads’ jetties have had a re- baucliery and ruin of both races,
markable effect on tbe commerce of the and interminable social and ip-
Miss’ssippi Valley. Since January 1 SL { dustria! disorder. It may come, perhaps
Louis has shipped to Europe twice as j) cannot long he avoided, but in our op- j bullion amounted* to $14,755,053^ 8 *de^
much grain by way of New Orleans £3 I ihlon it will be the opening of tlie seveuth J crease of $11,1S4,070 as compared with
passed out the country by that route in acal of trouble and ruin to both whites I tbe same period of last year. The total
fi <: J . T . an s blacks I es P°rts of merchandise aud specie aggre-
the corresponding period of last year. It gate $884,'728,574, an excess SfmoSISo
Is said that the shipments are at present I ** ie ®®tito€m people, sensible of their I over total Imports. Last year the excess
limited by tho waut of barges, Ac., with unfortunate condition at best, have ox- was for the same period $230,285,540.
which to move the grain, and fleets of boats I liau8lcd ,beir in S enuIt y to imagine some Tb« ao-called-‘‘balance of trade” in our
are being built to supply this want. The wa >' b F vh,ch ***** ““J* 11130 their P° ! 'li- who cau doubt that business’ was Vetter
crop to be moved is so great this year that j caI * nflu€nc ^ without injury to themselves. I and more profitable, with a growth of to-
m spite of tlie increase in shipments by PW bave suggested that they should 1 talfi.reign trade from $1,202^83,020 to
water from St Louis the railroads cast- take no P art * n national elections; but SI.ffI7.0Ul,0j8, or $414,018,038 increase in
waier iroia ah l.ouis iuo ranroaus easi ,. . a single year, accompanied witli a net in
ward have been doing an immense busi- I tbIs wo,dd be re pro~ented as disloyalty, j crcasu 0 f $71,^-123,933 in the country’s coin
hies* at ]>ayiug rates. The prosperity of j-* bat l b c y should run blank electoral tick- j and bullion, this Increase being $54,259,-
tbc country is based on the sure foundation eta-^pledged to no man; this would be j 112 greater than it was in tho former
of an enormous crop, for which there is j considered still more offensive. That they i car>
a navlne market 1 dmoM kill tlie Republican party by vot- j _ _
Killed dy ' “Serpent’s Egos.”- in » witl * il j lb!s '™ uld sac «fi“ conscience oran^witth^areSt V^he
John Dickenson, aged 35 yearn, residing a " d There is no better "ay
at 25i Moffat street^ Brooklyn, and doing tban 10 3tand b y tbe P art y ncare3t in bar- , a ^ offl JjSoJJlfbSlSL ‘
moiny with us, and w«it patiently for re- V° 0 ’ color a,ld handsome shape,
suits to work out. Tbe Florida cro P will bo tho largest ever
Our Northern lecturers monopolize the 18* lbcrcd In ,bat State, dqspite the great
wisdom of the countty, in their opinion; I stor “* August, which destroyed so
but they do not comprehend the diflicul- J ,nacb ® ftba y <mn S fruit. The apple crop
ties of the case. The Southern States, !s P 1 '^ * be P Mt faw
which conceived and framed cur form of weck3 barrels have been sent to
government, should be conceded somc I England, and the demand is conetant.
right of judgment in tlie premises.
business at No. 229 Broadway, New York,
has lost his life through the inhalation of
the vapor from tho toy known as “ser
pent’s eggs,” of which he was the maker.
These eggs, while burning and producing
the serpent, have for a long time been'
considered by physicians as dangerous to
aso in a close, room on acccvnt of the
noxious vapor arising therefrom. The re
tort Friday cracked while Mr. Dickenson
was bending over it,*and he inhaled tlie
poisonous fumes. When he noticed this
Eight hundred car loads of luscious
grapes were recently shipped from Flor-
Tbe Governor's Message.
The message of Governor Colquitt was I ence to Germany. The grapes were pre
laid before the Legislature yesterday, and I served by a now refrigerating process tfaat-
ie drove his wife and children quickly I | s printed fn exlcnso elsewhere in our I kept them ai fresh as when they were
sut of tlie basement, at the same time re- present issue. It is confined wholly to J gathered from the vineyards,
marking that it was all over witli him. domestic matters, and a brief glance at
A short time nf.cr ho was seized with a the contents shows tlio affairs of the I A small boy was arrested in a Miiwau-
eboking cough, and in one of the spasms I Commonwealth to be in a highly satis-1 kce suburb at nighty and thus cut short In
he died. • I factory and prosperous condition. We { b ^ ca roer as a fiighwayman. He wore a
Dom Pedro, Emperor of Brazil, has have neither space nor time for com- b,ack mask, carried a dark lantern, and
some original nnd very effective ways of ment at present, but may discuss k 3 I was armed with two pistols. In it is pock-
doing things. Wishing to test a railroad various details on a subsequent occasion. ct was fcmid tho “Life and Adventures of
brake of which ho had heard a great deal, | The document is lucidly and ably written. I Jack Sheppard."
A Prosperous Manufacturing Es- I Decided.—Tho American people have
tarlisiiment.—Tho Roswell Manufac-1 decided that a lie, well stuck to, is better
tiiring Company has just declared a semi-1 than the truth. A liar is preferable to a
be liad tlie appliance adjusted to his loco
motive and cars, a:nl tlie enginear in
structed how to use it. Then he embaik-
«d aboard his train and started upon an. . . , , , , B. ,
excursion. At a dan-crous point in the j *° f , t P ercent ” making j man who tells the truth. All who bavo
xoad the engineer, whose train runr
niug at thirty-tvo miles an hour, saw
what was apparently an immense rock
tt iO. liad fallen upon the track, a few hun-
- ii yards ahead.- lie put the brakes
-...a with a vigor which may be conceiv
ed. snd succeeded in arresting tl«e train
Is-fore it camo 111 collision with the ob-
Tliis, however, when more close-
ly cvauiiiK-d, proveil to be a pastelward
r ck of If mi Pedro’s own contrivance,
ii--wanted a practical t-- of the new
about 10 per cent, for tbe current year. I aided in this triumph must be cootent to
1 Under the able management of Col. Jas. J accept their full share in the proclaimed
W. Robertson tlie f.ictoiy^ is in a highly j degradation of our political system.
! flourishing condition. The product of
the looms was 1,171,157 yards of-coiorcd
goods, sheeting and shirting, besides yarns
and warps to tlie amouut of 792,233
pounds. The mill during the year con
sumed bales of cotton. Withia a
short time the number of spindles has
been Increased from 4,890 to 8,409. There
’raki-alid'that"waj” his wny~of 'securing | 13 * handsome surplus fund shio to the j dogs by reason of poison is greater tban
credit oftbe company, ] among the deer.
The residents of northern Michigan
ilo'not wish to bare the deer exterminated.
At the opening of tlie present season they
advertised that hunters would not be
welcome, and wonld probably lose their
dogs if they came. Tbeir request was
disregarded, and tbe mortality among tbe
Got. Colquitt’s Message.
Executive Department, State oe
Chohoia, Atlanta, Ga., November 3,
l?*).—To the Genera! Assembly: I ex
tend a cordial greeting to tbe representa
tives of the people ofGeorgia, who now
assemble to consider the public welfare
in tbe second biennial session under onr
new constitution. Through th6 blessings
of a kind Providence, our State has been
permitted to grow in prosperity. There
is everywhere in the broad limits of the
commonwealth, progress, order, thrift and
contentment. All industries bave thrived.
AU classes rejoice in an improved condi
tion, and in the hopefulness of a bright
future. Our resources have been
multiplied and developed. The
different sections of the State
have grown in wealth and population.
Our credit maintains its exalted standard;
our nubile debt is diminishing; crime is
steadily on the decrease. It is a matter of
congratulation to all true patriots to ob
serve tho rapid progress of the State in
moral and material development.
In reporting to tho General Assembly
the workings of tlie various departments
and institutions of the State government,
it becomes necessary to include two years.
Accompanying are copies of the repot ts
of the officers in charge, to which tlie
members are referred for tbe details of
each.
8TATE FINANCES. "
At tlie close of the fiscal year—Septem
ber 30,1818—tlie balance in the treasury
was $205,789.68. During the year, from
October 1,1878, to September 30,1879, in
clusive, the receipts amounted to $1,847,-
790.54 making a sum total in the treasury
of$2,l43^S0.«8. The disbursements dur
ing tbat fiscal year were $1,212,071.00,
leaving a balance in tlie treasury Septem
ber 30, 1879, of $930,908.02.
During the year from October 1, 1879,
to September 30, 1880, inclusive, tbe
receipts were $4,589,015.04, making a sum
total i n’t lie treasury of $5,519,924.20. The
disbursements during this fiscal year
amounted to $4,833,083.79, leaving a cash
balance in the treasury September30,1880,
of SOSO,240.47. One large transaction
reported was the item of $2,208,000.00.
This was tlie funding of the 7 per cent,
indorsed bonds of tlie Macon and Bruns
wick, North and South, and Memphis
Branch railroads in 6 per cent. State
bonds, under the act of 1877.
Tho treasurer recommends that the act
approved December 17, 1878, authorizing
and requiring tlie Governor to issue $100,-
000 of 4 per cent, bonds in 1881, to meet
bonds issued under the act of February,
27, 1850, be repealed, as there is a surplus
iu tbe treasury. He also recommends,
that of the $PJ0,000 of 4 per cent, bonds
already issucJ, of which $100,000 have
been redeemed, the remaining $100,000
still out be called in and redeemed, as
there is a sufficient surplus in the trca3it-
2 1 to do so. I concur in these rccomnien-
ations. Such action will save interest
to the State, and will diminish instead of
increasing the public debt.
The report of the Comptroller-General
exhibits the gratifying fact that the in
crease in the value of the taxable proper
ty of tlie State will exceed fourteen mil
lions of dollars.
THE LUNATIC ASYLUM.
The management of tiie Lunatic Asy
lum for tlie past two years has been able
and economical. The average of patients
during the year, from October, 1878, to
October, 1879, was 748 patients, at a cost
per capita of 32 9-10 cents, against 84 35-
100 the year before, and 30 33-100 in 1877,
showing a steady reduction of expense.
The expense aggregated $89,029.19, which
nicluded tlie purchase of twenty-five acres
of laud and the rebuilding of stables and
barns. The whole number of patients in
tbe Asylum during tlie year was 051. A
balance of $35,000 was left unexpended
to the credit ot tho asylum for tills fiscal
year.
The average of patients for tlie year,
from October, 1879, to October, 1880, in
creased from 748 to 820, and tlie cost per
capita was 35 64-100 cents, being an in
crease due to advance in tbe price of sup
plies, provisions and labor. Dur
ing tbis year, new buildings were
added for tiie accommodation of
colored patients, under tiie authority of
the General Assembly, and were paid for
out cl tlie savings of the two previous
years. The whole expense of tlie asylum
for this year, including many improve
ments, was $100,722.39. Tlie whole num
ber ol patients was 1,058. The number
of cases discharged restored was great
er than any previous year. Tlie attention
of the General Assembly is called to cer
tain suggestions in tbe reports of tlio trus
tees accompanying this message. The
proper vouchers for tiie expenditures of
the asylum are in tlie executive office for
tiie examination of tiie legislative commit
tee.
Special attention is called to tbe recom
mendation of tlie trustees and superinten
dent for a:i additional asylum, as tlie
present building will not accommodate
the insane of the State.
THE PENITENTIARY.
The principal keeper of the peniten
tiary reports that on October 20,1878,
there were in the penitentiary 1,239 con
victs, and sinco then have been received
up to October 1,1SS0,444 convicts, mak
ing an aggregate of 1,083 in the two years.
Of tliis number, 332 liave been discharged,
80 died, 32 escaped and 52 pardoned—400
m all, leaving 1,187 in the penitentiary. As
in 1877 there wore 209 convicts received,
and 3*10 in 1878, or 549 in tho two years,
against 444 in 1879 and 18S0, it will bo
seen that there lias been a gratifying de
crease in crime in tlie State. The de
crease in deaths and escapes shows tlie
humane treatment of tiie convicts
as well as tho vigilant discip
line preserved. Every effort has been
made to secure tbs two fold object of tlio
strict execution of legal penalties in con
junction with humanity. Tlie grand
juries of the counties where tlio camps arc
located, maiutaiu a close supervision of
tits convicts, and report them in ex
cellent order, and as conducted with every
regard to the law and tiie welfare of this
unfortunate class.
The principal keeper recommends that
when convicts are released from the peni
tentiary, some provision should be made
for supplying thenrwitb a small sum of
money to enable them to return to their
homes. Without money, aud under sus
picion created by their convict garb, they
are driven sometimes to crime to get sub-
sistance. Tht recommendation is worthy
of consideration, aud I suggest further,
that provision be made forsuppiyiugtbem
with citizen’s clothes.
THE STATE UNIVERSITY.
During tlie year 1879, tho revcuue of
the State University, at Alliens, wa3 $33,-
274.57. The total number of students
was 149. In tlio last year, 1880, closing
July 8, the total available fund was $40,.
035.90, of which $7,270.05 was tbcbniance
from the previous year. Tho disburse
ments wore $32,188.48, leaving a casli bal
ance of $7,897.48 Tlie amount realized
from tuition was $2,277 50. Tlie whole
number of students at Athens in 1880 was
152, a small increase over tlie previous
year. Of these, 82 were iu tlie literary
college, 03 in tlio College of Agriculture
and the mechanic arts, and 7 in the iaw
sctiooL
In the branch colleges at Daiilou-
ega, Thomasville, Cutbbert and Mii-
ledgeville, were 1,024 pupils, allow
ing a most remaakablo patronage
of tliesc institutions, and their
value to the State. At Dahlonega were
325—males 2-15, and females 80; at
Tliomaiville 170, all maics; at Cutiibert
178, ajl males; and at Milludgcvillc 351—
males 105, and females 180. Adding to
these t''e 112 students iu the medical de-
lartment in Augusta, and we have the
arge aggregate of 1,2SS students receiv
ing education at these various State insli-
iutions.
I cannot forbear a few words of earn
est commendation of tliesc branch colla
tes. Their remarkably successful estab-
ishment in so short a time, and tlie good
they are doing, constitute tlie best practi
cal commentary upon tlie sagacity and
S ublic apirit that inspired them. Tlie
Georgia College last July commis
sioned 79 young wen and women
to teach in our State schools,
and reliable returns . show that
the teachers scut out from this institu
tion Instructed iu llte fall of 1879 no less
than 5,000 children. The college at
Tbomasvfiie was not organized until Sep
tember, 1879, and it now. baa 4 teachers
and 177 pupils. The citizens of Thomas-
vllie raised $7,000 by private subscription,
and Invested it in connection with the
campus and buildings of tbe old Fletcher
institutejgencrously given by tlie Methodist
church. This college has received $2,000
from tbe trustees of the State University.
Tiie college at Milledgeville was organiz
ed in January, 1830, aud the old State
capitol utilized for the purpose. With
only $1,200 of State money, tbis institu
tion has employed 10 teachers aud in
structed 385 children. Tbe college will
get $2,000 for the year from tiie trustees
of the State University. The
college at Cuthbert began work
September 15th, 1879, and has liad four
teachers and 181 children. The college
property consists of good buildings aud
real estate, which formerly belonged to
tbe Bethel Female College aud tbe
Cuthbert Male High School.
In view of the valuable work effected
in the great cause of education by these
institutions, I submit to the General As
sembly the question, whether the public
interest cannot be substantially sub
served by some judicious method of aid
and encouragement to these colleges.
THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
The report of the Commissioner of
Agriculture is especially interesting, and
shows valuable results. The duty of
protecting our farmers from inferior fer
tilizers is very Important. The etatistica
show that during tho season of 1879-80
there were 119,583.00 tons of commercial
fertilizers inspected in the State. This
was an increase of 34,534 tons over the
previous year. Of these, 104,838 tons
were ammoniated superphosphates, and
13,900 tons were acid phosphates. The
number of brands of fertilizers was 182
for this year, against 102 last year.
The amount of money received from
the inspection of fertilizers wa3 $59,791.53,
and the cost of inspection was $10,353.17,
leaving a balance of $49,438.30 of revenue
from this source that went into the treas
ury. Oftbe $10,353.17 of cost, however,
$S41.70 was paid ou previous account.
Tlie commissioner recommends a revi
sion of the laws relating to tbe inspection
and analysis of fertilizers, on account of
their ambiguity and the impracticability
of executing some of th3 requirements.
The cuminissbner also recommends that
tlio .urplus of money from tho inspection
of fertilizers be used iu establishing an
experimental farm.
The department has issued 148.000 copies
of circulars and crop reports, and has now
in press a “Manual on Cattle,” for dlstri
billion.
Tbe Commissioner includes ill his report
tho report of tlie Superintendent of Fishe
ries of Georgia. Iu June, over one million
of young shad, received from the United
States Commissioner of Fisheries, were
placed m the Oconee, Ocmulgee and
Chattahoochee rivers. A small number
of German carp were also distributed fer
ponds. The superintendent recommends
a reasonable appropriation to carry on the
work of stocking our rivers witli fish.
The Commissioner of Agriculture calls
attention to tlie gratifying fact of the ad
vance In tlie agricultural prosperity of
tbe State, to improvement in home com
forts on the farms, to the general intro
duction of improved implements and
machinery, and improved methods of
culture. Steam power has been largely
utilized on the farms, especially in run
ning cotton gins. Au increased dewanil
lias been made for improved seeds.
Thoroughbred cattle and sheen havo been
bought. The dairying interest lias re
ceived a decided impetus. Local agri
cultural organizations have been institu
ted iu greater numbers, and there seems
to be a general and practical interest
taken by the tarmera in the department
of agriculture.
TUB STATE FREE SCHOOL SYSTEM.
The report of the State School Commis
sioner shows tbat in tbe last year the at
tendance upon tlie white schools was 145,
090, and colored schools 79,000, making a
total of 224,090, being an increase of 14,
000 over tlie year 1878.
The .Commissioner gives the attendance
since tlie inauguration of tlie school sys
tem in 1871, and the figures exhibit the
gratifying fact of a steady growth of tiie
system in each year. In 1871, white pu
pils, 42,914; colored, 0,004; total, 49,578.
In 1873, white, 03,022; colored, 10,753; to
tal, Si,077; increase, 34,099. In 1S74,
white, 93,107; colored, 42,374; to at, 135,
541; increase, 51.804. In 1S75, white,
105,990; colored, 50,853; total, 150,304; in
crease, 20,808. In 1870, white, 121,418;
colored, 57,987; total, 179,405; increase,
23,011. Iu 1877, white, 128,290; colored
02,530; total, 190,020; increase, 11,221. Iii
1878, white, 137,217; colored, 72,053; to
tal, 209,872; increase, 19,246. Tho total
number of children ot school age
is 433,444. The net amount appro
priated in 1879 for the schools was $155,-
20431. In 18S0 the amount was $185,-
7S9.54. The increase in 18$) was due to
tho liquor tax, a half year’s yield furnish
ing $55,000. The poll tax is to be added,
which is retained in tlie counties. In 1>79
tiie net poll tax collected was $160,484.35,
The whole amount estimated for the pub'
lie schools for 1S80 will be $570,000. Cer
tain cities and counties, under local laws,
raise by local taxation for school purposes
about $150,000 yearly, making the whole
sum, which will be annually raised by
tho preseut laws for free education,
$520,000.
The commissioner recommends a num
her of methods for increasing the
school fund, to which legislative
attention is directed. The sum or
$500,000 lias supported the public schools
in tlie different counties for periods vary
ing from one and a half to three months
of tlie year. Tho steady increase in tlie
attendance at tlie public schools demon
strates tbe growing popular appreciation
of them and their enhancing utility. I
trust that some incans nmy be devised to
strengthen this powerful instrument of
State progress.
THE ATTORNEY-OENERAL’S REPORT. I
Tlio report of tlie Attorney-General In
cludes tiie operations of Ids department
since 1878. In 1874,an act was passed by
tlio Legislature taxing the property of all
tlie railroads in the State as other property
of the citizens is taxable. Maiiy of these
corporations claimed that they were enti
tled by their charters to a limited, pre
scribed rate of taxation, and that it was a
violation of the contract made witii tlie
State to attempt to impose a higher rate.
The rate prescribed in tlieir charters was
generally one-half of ono per cent, upon
their net income. The object of tlio act
was to test tho right of tlie State to tax
tiie railroads beyond the limits prescribed
in their cliarteis, and a method was pre
scribed by that act by which tho railroads
could avail themselves oi all the privileges
conferred by their charters. Suits were
instituted after tlie passage of tligl act
against most of tlie railroad companies
fur taxes due under that act during tiie
term of ray predecessor; and while
taxes were collected against those
roads which had no chartered exemp
tions, yet in most of tiie leading lines of
this States, tlio decisions of tho courts, ei
ther of thh State or tho Supreme Court of
the United States, were adverse to the
right of the State to recover any taxes be
yond its chartered rate. These fi. fas.
were generally for taxes duo for the years
1874 aud 1873.
Still, tlie Legislature, by re-enacting
tho act of 1874—only amending it—con
tinued to impose tlie tax, and made it tlie
duty of the Executive to enforce it, if
possible, under tho law.
Tlio Attorney-General called my atten
tion to these acts, and suggested Unit if
new suits were Instituted against tlie rail
roads, a decision might he obtained from
the courts, either declaring these exemp
tions unconstitutional, or else materially
modifying them. Gen. Toombs, who
had been employed In the suits arising
under tlio fi. fas. for tho years 1874
and 1S75, was also employed at tiie sug
gestion of tho attorney-general to aid him
in reopening this litigation. Tho comp
troller-general, whose duty it was under
the law to issue tiie fi. fas., declined to do
so, on the ground that uuder the decisions
of the courts, no taxes were due by tbe
roads beyond their chartered rates, unless
an executive order was issued requiring
him to do so. Tliis order was according
ly given and tlie fi. fas. issued.
The report of tlie Attorney-General will
show tiie result of that reopened litiga
tion, and that from tills source, apparent
ly closed, there lias been collected for tlie
State the handsome sum of $210,083.27.
These collections embrace taxes from tbe
railroads for tbe years 1874 ami 1S75, as
well as subsequent yeais, with interest
thereon from the time when due. A prin
ciple has been established which will re
sult in bringing a large amount of reve
nue into tiie Stale treasury annually from
tbis source.
Tbe Attorney-General recommends
some legislation in connection with the
tax on certain roads, to which special at
tention is called. The Attorney-General
further recommends that, In order to se
cure a proper return ol the taxablo prop
erty of railroads, the duty of determining
what taxes the roads should pay, should
be devolved by the Legislature on the
Railroad Commission instead
Comptroller-General.
A very important case is now pending
which involves tbe constitutionality of the
act crcatingthe Railroad Commission. A
bill was filed by M.K.Jessup^urviving trus
tee oftbe bondholders, for the old Atlan
tic and Gulf railroad, in tbe United States
Court, to restrain the Commissioners
front executing the act to regulate tariffs.
Judge Bradley dismissed this bill, when a
second bill was filed by one of tbe stock
holders oftbe Savanuali, Florida and Wes
tern RSliroad Company, which succeeded
the old Atlantic and Gulf Railroad Com
pany, and a preliminary injunction has
been granted, and tlio case is now pend
ing. As the case is one of importance, I
retained Gen. Toombs and Messrs. My-
natt & Howell to assist the Attorney-Gen
eral, and liave paid them a portion of
their fee out of the contingent fund. 'I
respectfully call the attention of th6 Gen
eral Assembly to the cage, and to the
employment ot assistant counsel, and re
quest that an appropriation be made for
paying tlieir fees.
In conformity with a resolution of the
General Assembly, fi. fas. were issued
agaiustjobn W.Renfroe, treasurer of the
State, and his sureties, for certain moneys
received as interest on the public funds.
Bills were filed in these cases by tlie de
fendants, and injunctions granted, and tbe
cases are now pending.
In the case of the State against John
Jones, treasurer, and John T. Grant and
C. A. Nutting, sureties, a judgment was
obtained for $90,000, dated May 23, 1879.
A motion was made to set aside the judg
ment. The suit was instituted during tlie
term of my predecessor, ty the attorney
general, Hon. N. J. Hammond, and Gov.
Smith employed to assist him General R
Toombs, Messrs. McCay & Trippe, Co).
Willis A. Hawkins aud Mr. Wm. T. New
man. All of these able lawyers advised
tbe acceptance of $35,0C0 offered in com
promise by Mr. Grant. The tax books
showed the available property of Mr. Grant
to be about $02,OCX), on which there
was a mortgage of $22,000 made prior to
the judgment. This left but $40,000
property to cover the judgment.
Mr. Grant urged, and some
of tbe State’s counsel conceded, that
he gave the bond to serve a temporary
purpose, deemed important for the public
service, and thought that the new bond
given was legally a substitute for his
boud. Tbis constituted a strong, cquita
ble reason for accepting the compromise
Under the circumstances, 1 felt that I had
no alternative except to act upon the
unanimous recommendation of tlie coun
sel for the State and accept the $35,000 as
tiie best thing for the State’s interest.
This offer was accepted pending tho mo
tion to set aside the judgment. The Su
preme Court afterwards decided in favor
of the State, but the decision would not
have increased the chauces of a larger re
covery.
THE M \CON AND IIIIUNSWICK RAILROAD
The General Assembly passed an act,
which was approved September 3, 1879,
autboriziug tlie lease of the Macon and
Brunswick railroad, with tlio privilege by
tiie lessees of purchasing tbe road fur
$1,125,000. On the 10th of September,
1879, the road was advertised fur lease as
directed by the act, the lease to be made
at public outcry, in Macon, on Thursday,
the 6th day of November, between tlie
legal hours of sale. Tbe road was put up
011 tlie said day, and the bidding was not
finished when the legal hour of sale had
c!o3ed, wliile in the confusion and rapidity
of bids as the clock struck, it was impossi
ble to decide whose bid u as entitled to
tlie lease, aud tlie highest bid obtainable
had not been offered. The sum of $170,
000 was bid as the yearly reut. 1l
conformity with the law, the road was
readvertised for leaso on the 18lh day of
November, 1879, iu Macon; the lease to
be inade on Tuesday, the 13th day of
January, 18S0, in tiie legal hours of sale
and to coEtinue from day to day unti
made. Tho road was knocked down to
Mr. James M. Coupcr, representing a
company cf capitalists, for tho sum of
$194,000 rental, and the $10,000 required by
tbe act was promptly paid. In concluding
the negotiations,tlie lessees offered to pur
chase immediately, and desired an un
conditional warranty deed to the road,
which I did not feel authorized to give In
behalf of tho State. After some delay
tlie lessees consented to receive the roac 1
under a deed accompanied with an ex
planatory document that no warranty
was given, save such as was authorized
by the law of the lease and the general
laws of tlie State. On the 2Stb of Febru
ary, 1880, tho leaso and sale were con
cluded, and the road transferred to Jas.
M. Coupcr, (ieo. U. Hazlehurst, A. J.
Lane and W. M. Johnston, as lessees
first, asd afterwards as purchasers. Al!
of the provisions of tho iaw were com
plied with. The sum of $250,000 in 4
per cent, bonds of the State of Georgia
was paid by tho purchasers, and the title
transferred. The purchasers have already
begun to survey a route for tho exten
sion of tljo road from Macon to Atlanta,
as required by the act, within twelve
months after the execution of tlie lease.
Tho act lias been fully executed, tho
sale oftbis valuable property bavins been
effected to a stroug company, financially
responsible, and in every way iegaliy
bound to carry out to the letter tho law of’
tne purchase, and I have every reason to
believe they will comply with their obli-
gations.
The directors of the Macon and Bruns
wick railroad make their filial report of
tlieir management of the road from Sep
tember 30,1S7S, the date of tlieir last re
port, to February 29, 1880, when they
turned over the road to tlie lessees and
purchasers. The earnings duriug this pe
riod were $038,73130, and the expenses
$190,246.35, leaving a balance of $142,-
4S4.01. The road lias paid into the treas
ury during these seventeen montlis $104,-
008.12, which includes some oftbe earn
ings previous to October, 1878. Considera
ble addition was made tu the equipment
of the road, Including engines, *cars and
rails. Tiie directors reier tho reduction
of tlie net income received by the State
from tiie road to several large amounts
uid since tiie roud was seized by tbe
state in 1873, including $97,700 or fare
'dlls of tlio old company, $11,5S5.00 of old
mortgage bonds, and $14,041.00 or freight
balances lost, due by tho Atlantic and
Gulf railroad of freight balances.
Tho directors have been engaged, under
executive direction, sinco the sale of the
road, in winding up the unsettled busi
ness, a portion of which still needs some
attention, but is iu process of settlement.
MACON AND DnUX8WICK RAILROAD COU
PONS.
The last General Assembly passed a
resolution approved October 17,1870, re
questing the Governor to investigate and
report to the next General Assembly
about tlie validity of certain coupons due
on or before January 1» 1S73, of the Ma
con and Brunswick railroad Indorsed
bonds. *
I have to report to tlio General Assem
bly, In response to this resolution, that tlio
coupons referred to were coupons of the
first mortgage bonds of the Macon ar.d
Brunswick railroad, indorsed by the
Stato. Governor Smith seized tho road
on account of the nonpayment of tlie in
terest of the road July 2,1S73. Tlie inter
est was due July 1, 1873. The Leg
islature of 1875 passed an act authorizing
the issue of $540,000 of bonds to pay tlie
back interest on these and other bonds
aud June 23, 1870, Governor Smith gave
an order to tiie treasurer, which appears
upon the minutes of the executive depart
ment, which contains these words :
“In paying off tlie coupons of the $1,-
950,009 Macon and Brunswick railroad
recognized and indorsed first mortgage
bonds, you will be authorized to aeeent
when any bond or bonds indorsed by the
State, or Lhe interest due thereon, shall
not l>e paid by said railroad company at
maturity, or when due, to seize the road
upon information of such default by any
holder of said bond or bonds, aud apply
the earnings of said road to tbe extin
guishment of said bond or bonds or cou
ncils. Tbe first information given by any
holders of said bonds of default in the
payment of interest, was on the 2d day of
July, 1S73, of default of tbe interest due
-July l, 1873; and upon this information tlie
of the road was seized. No information was given
of default in the payment of any interest
due before this time, and tbe Executive
liad therefore do chance to protect Die
State’s interest, if there was such default;
and the act authorizing the indorsement
only provided for tiie application of the
earnings of the road wben seized by tlie
State to the extinguishment of said bouds
or coupons in default of the payment of
which the road was seized. The coupons
due on or before January 1, 1873. of the
Macon & Brunswick Railroad indorsed
bonds, were excluded from pay
ment under the executive order of June
23,1876, quoted above, as not being valid
and bindiug claims against tbe State, the
holders lasing tlieir right by tlieir failure
to inform the Governor of the default; the
State, by this failure to give notice of the
default, losing the opportunity to protect
its interest. ) ** H
It would be a difficult and tedious task
to ascertain the facta about the holders ol
these coupons, and when aud from whom
they received them. Under tiie present
construction of the law, they are not valid
claims against the State. Tiie facts as as
ccrtained are respectfully reported to the
General Assembly for sueh action as is
deemed proper.
THE DEAF AND DUMB INSTITUTE.
In 1879 there were 07 pupils, and in
1880,64 in the State Deaf and Dumb In
stitute. Of these there were 43 males
aud 24 females tiie first year, and 32
males and S2 females tlie second year.
Iu 1879 the receipts of the institute
were $15,641.94, including tlie balance of
$1,1S5.S0 from tho previous year, and the
amount paid out was $15,010.07. In 1880
the receipts were $10,909.67, and the ex
penses $14,010.13, leaving a Dalaucc July
1, 1880, of $2,-541,09.
The superintendent calls attention to
the fact that the accommodations are very
crowded, no additions having been made
to buildings that were first used for 40,and
now are used for 07 pupils. There is an
absolute necessity for an enlargement of
tlio buildings. Some 15 applications from
colored mutes liave been made for admis
sion to tbe benefits of tbe institute. The
trustees furnish a statement of tiie treat
ment given by other States to their deas
and dumb, aud they show that Georgia if
tlie iowest of ail the States in the general
appropriation for these unfortunates. At
tention is called to tbe recommendations
of the superintendent and trustees.
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND.
The year from October, 1S73, to Octo
ber, 1871), wa3 tlie 2Sill year of the Geor
gia Academy for the Blind, and tiie ex
penditures amounted to $9,024 26. The
whole number of pupils iu attendance
was 60, and the average monthly at
tendance was 58. The per capita cost of
each pupil was $105.93. For improve
ments and repairs $3,300.03 were ex
pended.
During the year from October, 1S79, to
October, 1880, ilie 29th year of ibis insti
tution, the number of pupils was 57, the
State appropriation $12,000, and tbe ex
penditure by tlie Principal for the main
tenance, salaries, etc., was $10,340.84.
THE RAILROAD COMMISSION.
Tho report of the Railroad Com
missioners has not been prepared for tbe
Executive, on accouut of the illness of
Col. Barnett, to whom was specially
deputized the preparation of tlie report. I
am infunned that the report is being pre
pared, and I will lay it before the Gen
eral Assembly as soon as completed.
COMMISSIONER OF LAND AND IMMIGRA
TION.
Under an act approred October 17,
1S79,1 appointed Mr. Francis Fontaine
Slate Commissioner of Laud and Immi
gration—an office without emolument
from the State. The commissioner en
tered immediately upon tbe discharge of
liis duties, opening two offices, one in
New York and one in Atlanta, en
tering upon an extensive correspondence
in this couutry aud Europe, and printing
circulars and pamphlets to di-seminale
information of our soil, climate, produc
tions and resources. Hts expenses, in
cluding tiie cost of his living, he reports at
about $2,500, while his fees have altogether
aggregated about $100. Agents liavo
been appointed North and iu ‘Europe.
The matter of immigration lias been prac
tically inaugurated, and information
learned as to the proper methods to suc
ceed with it.
The Commissioner reports very luliy
bis experience, and presents au interest
ing aud instructive paper, furnishing val
uable and detailed -information ou tbis
most important subject. He concludes
that the best plan to get immigrants for
Georgia is to obtaiu them in Europe, and
bring them direct to the State by steam
ship to Savannah, distributing them by
our own railroads. He suggests that the
following changes be made in the act:
A fixed salary and an office at tiie capi
tol, iu Atlanta, for the commissioner; a
salary for one secretary, office rent aud
fixtures provided fur in the city of New
York, if that office bo continued; a fixed
sum provided for printing, stationery, pos
tage, etc.; and authority to make contracts
cation of a name fed to
suited in the discovery of thefh?,’ i*°^i
m*ter was prompt^ ta tMmfe
the solicitor-general of the AtuSto^
cult, and the parties were arre^
Indicted, and one of them hMfeSl
victed. Deea “n-
STATK DKPOSITORHes.
Under the act of the General
approved October 10, 1879,1
State depositories tbe follojrfj^jted?
each uuder a good bond 0 f s.vi oailks >
quired by the law, viz; * s . re '
Georgia Bank, of Macon • the rn* ntr *!
Bang of Georgia, of Atlanu* ,vf' o* et V*
em Bank oftbe State of’ (^® oath -
Savannah; the Eagle and Phaafe^ of
factoring Company, of August“*?£'
Bank of Rome, of Rome; the rTi*. tbe
Ranking A Trust Company of r
tbe Georgia
pany, of Augusta; the Bank ofthl fe'
versity, of Athens; tbe Bank of
•nd the Grifliu Banking Com^ny ^
These depositories agreed to fmnbh all
exchange free of charge, aud each to take
if required, its proportion orfour per amt’
bonds at their par value, and thus we-
serve the credit or the State. pre
GEORGIA’S MINERAL RESOURCES
The last General Assembly nutfe m
appropriation for tbe continuance of the
geological survey oftbe State and the
payment of the State geoloaUt. The field
work was, therefore, suspended. The
State geologist has continued the corres
pondence of his office to some extent, and
tlie collections of ores and geological data
along the lines of the various railroads
He reports a constantly increasing interest
in the mineral region of the State. There
are in operation 50 gold mills with neariv
500 stamps, representing a capital of neaf-
^ dollars, brought into
the State from the North and West dur
ing the five years oftbe active prosecution
oftbe survey. New investments are beine
constantly made. °
The State geologist reports that he has
just finished the work of collecting the
mineral statistics of Georgia for the tenth
census of the United Sta'es.
The mining of manganese ore in Bar
tow county, brown hematite iron in Dade
county, and copper in H iralson county, are
among the developments of the )a3t year
and may be ascribed to tlie geological de^
partmeut. Fertilizers are being made
of the potash deposits in Houston and
Twiggs counties, soapstone is being ship
ped from Murray and Fannin counties,
sandstone from Bartow county, aud asbes
tos, barite, mica and rutili from other
counties.
The collection of minerals discloses
some astonishing evidences of Georgia’s
wealth in minerals. There are specimens
of iron ore from 71 counties; granite, 45;
gold ore, 01; limestone, 4S; quartz, 40;
soapstone, 22; mill rock, 71; asbestos, 2&
copper, 27; corundum, 9; kaolin, II;
manganese*, 15; marine, 0; serpentine for
mantels, 11; etc.
The survey shows water power afforded
by over 000 streams, ranging from 10 to
300, and a3 high as 30,000 horse power.
These can be used for cotton factories
add other roanuiactures.
The Sta’-c Geologist calls attention to
the vast number of valuable statistics and
farts that have been gathered by the sur
vey of the varied aud magnificent re
sources of our State that liave not been
published, and where publication, uuder
official authority, would be beneficial.
A large map of tlie State, complete and
accurate, is well under way. Every State
iu the Union save one has had geological
surveys. It is a matter of serious consider
ation for the General Asseineiy whether
the Interest of the State will not be sub
served by the completion of the geolog
ical survey.
CONCLUSION.
The interests of this great common
wealth which are committed to our Hands
by the constitution of tlie State, are of in
calculable importance and dignity. If by-
cur patriotic devotion we shall conserve
and advance these, we shall have accom
plished a great work—one worthy of the
noblest ambition. The times are propi
tious for our efforts in behalf of our be
loved State. And now that tbe excite
ment and disturbing agencies of popular
eiectious are no longer diverting our at
tention, we may bring an undivided zeal
and industry into our labors for the public
weal. The happiness which good and wise
govern tueut so powerfully aids in
diffusing^ is worthy of the
highest powers and utmost sacri
fices of tiie sons of the State, and the
glory of our common country will be
consummated when (very community
embraced in the great family of Slates is
made to share in that large degree of
prosperity which wise government will
surely promote.
I gratefully feel my obligation to
assist you in every attempt to elevate the
fame and increase tlie happiness of the
people of our beloved Georgia, and I can
propose to my own ambition no higher
enterprise or nobler reward than to lie a
co-worker in this glorious service.
Alfred H. Colquitt.
Manners 200 Years Ago.—A curi
ous little book, called “Tlie Rules of
Civility,” which was published in 1075,
throws amusing light 011 tlie manners of
our aucesters two centuries ago. “Being
in disctirse witli a man,” we read ou one
page, “’tis no less than ridiculous to pul!
him by tlie buttons, to play with his baud
strings, belt or coat, or to punch him now
aud then 011 tlie stomach.” Again, “It
- "J** and undervalue ofa man to
ufa business nature with applicants for ?I tep r " lien *5 is dl3C0Urs ‘? e or reading;
labor, under certain limitations, iu order i. he , r f[ or 1 a «?V d demand it to bo
to defray the expense of agents In such «> rbi dj besides something may happen m
cities or countries iu Europe as eircurn- , e act snoring, sweat-
stances shall warrant, subject totheap- ’ ill S»S a P^5 or dribbling.” More explicit
provaloftho Governor or Bureau of Iiu- : f? 3 lhe rules for *****« «* the table:
migration, if such a bureau be coastitu- * n “”” n " ~ “ *“
ted.
If immigration is to be encouraged, the
fact must be recognized that the State
must incur some expense to obtaiu its
benefits. If additional labor is needed to
develop our mineral deposits,»to cultivate
our idle land, aud to ruu manufactories,
we must go to work practically to get it.
Mr. Fontaine has made a good beginning,
and attention is directed to tbe record of
Ins labors, as containing the germ of what
seems to be the most feasible plan to se
cure such immigration as wo wish and
need. The matter is commended to tlie
careful consideration of tho General As
sembly.
PARDONS.
I submit, la accordance with the re
quirement of the new constitution, a list
of the pardons grauted by mo since the
date of tiy message to the last General
Assembly, giving the particulars iu each
case of executive clemency.
MAIMED SOLDIERS.
The last General Assembly passed an
act carrying into operation the fast clause
of paragraph 1, section 1, article 7 or the
new constitution, to supply the soldiers
who lost a limb In the military service of
the Confederate States with substantial
artificial limbs during life. The method
or proof was submitted to the Attornev-
General, who prepared careful! v a system
of blanks for use. The soldiers were re
quired to make affidavits oi the facts eu-
litling them to tlie aid of tlie State, aud to
support tlieir claim ; by the affidavit of a
commissioned officer of tbeir company, or
if there was none, by the affidavits of
three responsible citizens to tlie farts, aud
these ailidavits were required to be attest
ed by officers holding their comaiissio:
from and recorded in this offi.-e. a cer
tificate under official seal from the ordi
nary of the county where the applicant
fi nf tlrn ^ Ua ,y oxacted “ to the ide.iti-
ty oftbe applicant, and his witnesses
r 1,e -ri r ‘?P ec | ab * ,it y to complete tlio
proof. The blauk tonus were sent to the
ordinaries oftlie dillerent countiesfo? di£
tribution among the maimed soldiers, aud
sent 8, dirert U to ?h ^ a PP ,icat ions were
sent direct to the Gomj!trgIter-General
who kindly consented to take the trouble
Thu. r Ug rcral? ttng the money.
Ihus every effort was made to guard
against fraud, while affording even- facil
ity to the poor soldiers to secure tlieir
M°possib!e h ” HU!0 expense audl trouble
“‘‘funT.f ^’ 8701 ? as heen P** o' 11 ""
fund to 900 maimed soldiers. In
every effc v -t to prevent it, some
- — upon tbe follow-) o din^fe\«f . * the a** 13 the
ing considerations: Tlio Governor, under nresentld dutant counties, and
tlie law authorizing the indorsement, ap- Hki'lfelfv WjiMUons very
eating, observe to let your
hands be dean. Feed not with both
your bands, nor keep your knife in your
hands. Dip not your fingers in the'sauce
nor lick them wben you have done. If
you liave occasion io sneeze or cough take
your hat or put your uapkin before your
face. Drink not with your mouth full or
unwiped, nor so long that you are forced
to breath) in the glass.” These are the
rules also for tho drawing-room: “If a
person of quality be iu tlie company of la
dies, ’tis too juvenile and light to play
witli, to toss or tumble iliem, to kiss
them by surprise, to force away their
hoods, their frns, tlieir niffs. It is un
handsome among ladies, or any other se
rious company, ip throw off one’s doak,
to pull off one’s peruke, to cut oue’s nails,
to tie one’s garter, to change shoes if they
pinch, to call for ono’s slippers to be at
ease, losing between the teeth, or todrum
with one’s fingers.” .
The Mother Rules the World.—
It ia bard for a • young mother, who has
not yet overcome the wayward tendencies
of her own youthful natere, to reaiize the
tntluence she exerts over her own little
ones. She is constantly surrounded by
1 critical imitators, who copy her morals
and manners. As the mother is, so are
her sons and daughters. If a family of
children 13 blossod with with an intelli
gent mother, wlvo is delicate aud refined
in her manners, and docs not consider it
necessary to be one woman in a drawing-
rooih and an entirely different person
in cvery-day life, but who is a Hue
mother, and always a tender, chamiiag
woman, you trill invariably see her habits
of speech and perfect manners repeated
in her children. Great, rough raeu aun
noisy, busy boys will always tone dowe
their voices and step lightly and try to be
nidre mannerly when she stops to give
them a kind word or a pleasant tmiie,
for a true moU er will never fall to say or
do al) the pleasant things that she can
that will in any way help or lift uj) and
cheer those whose lives are shaded with
care and toll. The mother of to-day
rules the world of to-morrow.
An Amusing Incident.—Iu a little
village in Virginia there lived a family
named Ransom.. They were not very
pious people, and never went to church.
Ouce, however, during a revival, the
family were prevailed upon to attend
preaching. When they made tbeir re
luctant and tardy appearance the servi
ces had just begun, arid when they had
scarcely taken their seats, the minuter
gave the first hymn, reading it somewhat
thus: “Return, ye ransom sinners,
home.” “Ail rightcried tlie head of
tlie Ransoms, getting up in a race, and
clappjng his hat on his liead. “Go**
along, old woman and gala, we’ll go home
last enough, and everybody in the old
church knows we didn’t want to come*