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JOURNAL AND MESSENGER. THE FAMILY JOURNAL—NEWS—POLITICS-JLITERATUBE—AGRICULTURE—DOMESTIC NEWS, Etc—PRICE $2.00 PER ANNUM. GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING ESTABLISHED 1826. MACON, FRIDAY, MARCH 11, 1881 VOLUME LV—NO. 1 O GEORGIA’S PLACE i V THE FUTURE’S BRIGHT PIC TURE. , ,rl«. FI*arcs «<»' F»ner Wroa.tot , to „ -ruin? ol Beauts, a«d Leta» lIos>c » Joy Forever—Addren of Col. •rliomnH Mordcrann to *bc Georgia HUile Agricultural Soci^tf. •i jloMASVH.i.K, February 22, 1831. a- nllcmcn of the Contention: It is a 11 established fact in political ctlilcs Xi the nature and form of government* d.inpn'i largely upon the laws that regu- ni!c ownership, descent and trans mission of property. The governments of fl i^t in the old world were based upon he Widal system, and their political in i' unions were determined by the laws of properly under it, the grand characteristic ,,f which was “tliat political rights de pended on landed rights, and fAot land concentrated in the hands of the few. Such a government was necesaaiily ex clusive and despotic, lor it attributed to the proprietors of the soil jicarly ail those ri.i/is which constitute sovereignty, unit- itr' the possessors of fiefs into a society or p,vernme.it of their own, with ful con- iro! of legislative, judicial and military institutions, thereby imposing heavy ob- li-ations upon the vassals (in our parlance, tenants), which deprived them ot pensonal independence and individual sovereignty. Historians tell us that in no time in the world’s history have the masses been so thoroughly enslaved and so inhumanly treated as during the existence offetula. covernments, “where every lord judged, taxed and commanded the class next be low him, and whore abject slavery formed me lowest and irresponsible tyranny the Inchest grade” of governmental lurisdtc- tion. Much was partially the social sys tem of Englaud until Uenry II., to his legal and constitutional reforms, put an end to it3 evils. ..yet," sa\s an English writer, “though the spirit of feudalism has gone out of the social and political system, the skele ton is left, for ownership in land, in the full sense of the phrase, ts unknown to the laws of England. There is there no such thing as absolute property in land; a man only lias an estate or interest in it, for every land-holder is, in tbe eye ol tlic law, a tenant only.” A legitimate result of the sistem is witnessed to-day in the melancholy condition of unfortunate Irc- laiut, where destitution reigns and revolu tion threatens the dissolution oi the social an 1 political elements. Such a system of laws could not exist in a government like «.ms, tor it is incompatible with its forma tion and nature, for ours is a government of the people, where property “is all free hold," and where laws for its alienation ami transmission are established and en couraged. The result of such laws, says an eminent American statesman, ID. Wcb- ster, las been “a great sub-division of the soil am! a great equality of conditions, the true basis, most certainly of a popular government.” This general diffusion and extraordinary facility of acquiring proper ty-coupled with the fact that there is nc hereditary rank or property to check the progress of any oue seeking power or dis- tiucion, popularizes not only the govern- m nt, but excites a spirit of activity aud cuterprize to which governments differ ently constituted are strangers. Nothing, says an English historian, “is more re markable in America than tbe universal activity aud industry, which prevail in all classes of society. That the Anglo-Saxon race in Europe is laborious, perse vering and energetic, need not be told to any one who witnesses the colossal fabric ol' British greatness ortlie vast impression which England has made in every quarter of the globe. But enterprising as it is, in Great Britain it is not influenced by such a restless spirit of aciiv i'y, such a perpetual fever of exer tion as appears among its descendants in the new world.”—[Alison.] i “A universal spirit (he continues) of industry and enterprise to which nothing comparable lias ever been witnessed by unkind.” The general diffusion and the facility of ac.piiring property, the inviting avenues to wealth, position aud honor, which stretchout before all classes ami all grades of society are the grand elements that ex cite this “fever of exertion” and create this “restless spirit of activity.” Wealth and position are the elements of power and general influence aud are sought with commendable eagerness—concentrating in the efforts to obtain them all llie cncr- >ies, aspirations and ambition of the An glo-Saxon nature. Freedom of thought, of action, of property, of position are the foundation stones upon which rest,not only our jiolilical structure, but our social in stitutions and material industries. A gen eral diffusion of properly—a freehold in terest in the soil—linking, binding the owner to the land and the homestead, are favorable elements in the construction of our t icial organization and active agen cies in shaping and developing the spirit, industry aud intelligence or our people. But these are not the sole agencies that arouse the energies and develop the char- acteis of tiie citizens of our free country. The opinions of grealiuen infuse elements of activity and liie into the social organi zation, or, jhtr contra, scatter broadcast over the land the seed of despondency aud death. The “burning eloquence of Lit,” tbe “exalted patriotism of Cliat- “*'11," the “great soul of Burke,” tbe “‘Corruptible integrity ofFiatiklin, the ex emplary virtue of Washington, the dem- °vra‘ic spirit of Jefferson, exerted perhaps, “o greater inlluenee over the opinions, hahrs and characters of Englishmen and Anu-.-iraus, than did the seitisli ambition oi Kobcjpierro, the damning infidelity ®f Voltaire and the teachings ol the I roucli apostles of freedom over the pas- sions, character and civilization of the 1 reach. As the coaches in a railroad train aro moii(mi es3 unt u moved by the engine which draws them, so the great bulk of mankind are moved by those impulses which are communicated to them by men of lucre enUglened Judgment and superior intelligence. “Show me (says a learned Writer) what one or two great men in the solitude of their chambers are thinking in •jus age and I will show you what will be l ' ,e "‘erne of the orator, the vision of the poet, the staple of the hustings, the decla mation oi the press, the guide of the states man in the next.” 'The opinions of great jm-n upon the interest of society, their judgments upon its formation and growth,tbeir decisions up tbe social, inor- , a, ’d financial condition of tbe people, “ "pen their knowledge oftbe past or surroundings of tlic present, without “ l cither stimulate the energies aud 110 am Bition, or gloom the hopes •jd paralyze the aspirations of those over - "tun the influence of those opinions and I 'Visionsextend. These considerations Been suggested by the reported J^crtion of oue of Georgia’s greatest _ *-< ->man and brightest intellects of the .- --tty decline of our people in all those ele- °f materia! prosperity upon which t . i ‘I'Pcratructuro of their future must , '; I trust tliat the seed ot discon- ““inteiitionallj sown by this great , m »y fall upon barren soli ami bring . ■ rtb their fruit of demoralization aud 1 ‘^"dency, for I am confident, if this is jL Ja '-'tuent, it grieves bis big heart, aud a-, ’, n ?'* Based upon a want of a proper *; mention of the industry aud intelli- i,.", ,: r °‘ 0"t people, but upon some sys- uj i , . ivv, i either political or industrial, | value of laud in 1880 will exc.-eu mat oi “• ii is burdening that industry, dimm-11870 $3,097,300. While there has been isbing Us propuctiveness, and robbing it of its earnings. The census report tells ut of the continued prosperity of our coun try, of its accummulating wealth, of its increased productiveness, of its develop ment in manufactures, of its growth in commerce, in population, in educational facilitiesandreligious advantages; if such be true, may I not ask, feelingly inquire, has Georgia no place in the bright pict ure? Has she no page in this history of progress, and are her people alone laying no solid foundation in present prosperity for future growth and greatness? These aro significant questions which must be answered calmly, dispassionately, by every intelligent mind, for every citizen in her borders is deeply interested in tbo truth of the reply. The ago in which we live is full of the evidences of tho progress of society. We sec capital increasing, the arts improving, industries enlarging and multiplying, and relying upon the prudence and energy of our people, I am inclined to think, though I speak with diffidence and ad vance the opinion modestly, that though wo Lave had our grievances, misfortunes and calamities, “some produced by our own improvidence, some by tbe errors of our rulers”—as a people wo are growing, slowly growing, in prosperity and genera intelligence. Now and then, from extra neous causes^thcre has been a seeming retrogression, but the general tendency lias been toward advancement, or as Ma- cauloy has beautifully written: “A sin gle breaker may have receded, but the tide is evidently coming in.” In 1873 the oracles were consulted, and we were then, as now, informed by men high in position in tbs State that we were gro wing poorer year after year, and a gloomy picture was f reaeuted to our convention in Athens, n tbe February meeting in 1674, it was my lot by appointment from your then worthy President, to reply to these prog nostications of evil, which I did to the best of my ability that Georgia was slowlv working out tbo great, drobleiu of material advancement. A short recapitu lation of some of the points therein mado will be necessary here, for I propose to take up the thread of the argument where I left it, and follow it to the present time. Iu our war, compared to which other wars seem iusignifirant, wo lost slave property valued at $300,604,855, and our land, which was valued in 1800 at $101,704,955 deceased in value 50 per cent. Nearly all our stock of all kinds were taken from us or had been lost in the strife. So poor was our condition that for some years, out of sympathy tor onr poverty, we were de nied a page in tbe agricultural reports of the government, for our entire property in 1800 was valued only at $140,457,400. In 186S we appear in the governmental reports with ati esti mated property of $191,235,520. Follow the current from this point, witness its changes, its ebbs and flows, and see if wo cannot account for some of them without disparaging our people. Our whole prop erty was iu 1809.... $201,481,700 I 1870.... $220,829,709 1871.... 284,492^68 1872.... 244,219,410 1873... 2j9.3S3.323 11874.... 273,193,293 an increase since 1806 of $128,035,892. Much of this increase, I admit, was ficti tious, for it was based upon speculative values, when gold commanded a large premium aud gambling in stocks of every nature characterized the business of the country. But as this inflation was un natural, because based upon fictitious val ues, it was doomed to a sudden collapse, aud in seeking again its legitimate current it swept;away_lhe imaginary fortunes it had created. 'Then followed years of dis aster and ruin. Individual enterprise had been swallowed up by corporate cor morants, and these monster corporations, whose exactions had paralyzed trade, destroyed industries, depreciated values, suspended business, were shaken to their foundations. It lias been estimated that the $1,500,000,000 of railroad stock shrank 25 per cent, in value. Coal com panies, iron manufacturing associations were forced into liquidation, and wide spread bankmptcy darkened tbe hopes •ndprosp-ots of tho country. For yea:s Lliis shrinkage cominuedjand.was increased by an unwise withdrawal of $1,000,000,- 000 of currency from the commerce of the country, thereby adding to the general and baneful depression. The shock was felt all over the country, for it touched every Industiy and business avocation oftbe people. It was a serioos blow at the life of the labor of the country, and should awaken in the minds of reflecting men grave apprehensions for the future, as to tbe power of combined capital to destroy the labor and industries of a na tion. This spirit of combination is pro gressive and alarming. Exacting in its demands, it is satisfied only with the pound of flesh; heartless in nature, it lauglis at misfortune and tampera with want; greedy ot gain, it satisfies its appe tite with tho earnings of toil and the sweat of the poor; exultant in its power, it regulates values, sports with tbe ju diciary, shapes legislation, and in the very wantonness of power lauglis at a country’s necessities and builds its thrones upon the debris of a country's piosp**ritv. On a former occasion I endeavored to show you how your industry could be elevated or depressed at pleasure by these combinations, and I am more than satisfied that labor demands tlie fostering care of the government every hour to savo it from the aggressions of power and tho combination of heartless capital. Marvel not, then, that after the crisis above alluded to, the wealtli of the country was seriously diminished. At your Americus convention I endeavored to show you tho result not only in Georgia, but elsewhere, in tbe depreciation of property. It was in Pennsylvania, in one year, 1876..$77,000,000 Ohio, in one year, 1876 14,000,000 Tennessee, in one year, 1876.... 30,000,000 Massachusetts, in one year, 1876 70,943,146 and the decrease throughout the Union was estimated at 33 per cent. These depreciations continued in tbe common succession of cause and effect until an equilibrium was reached. Silver was remonetized, the volume of the currency increased to meet tbe demands of trade, gold was reduced to a well regulated currency value, and tho pendulum which had moved irregu larly, under the influence of extraordinary forces, vibrated with its accustomed regu larity as these forces were removed and the energies and Industries of the people were allowed development and growth. Fol lowing the common current occasioned by the crisis of 1873 and 1875, Georgia fell off in her aggregate wealth as follows: From 1874, her highest figure sluce the war— $273,093,292, to the following: 1875.... $261,753,884 11876.... $215,853,750 1877.... §235,650,53011878.... $226,221,718 1879.... $225,093,419 | 1880.... $238,934,126 —the last, under better auspices, showing an Increase. Now let us see exactly how we stand at present. This estimate of 1880 is upon a gold basis, for gold commanded no premium. In 1874, when our property was estimated at $273,093,292, (which was its currency value), gold commanded a premium of 12J per cent. Reduce now this $273,093,- 292 to the gold basis, and our whole prop erty iu 1875 would have been $238,956,630, or but $12,504 more than was its goto value in 1380. Soil is with our real estate; for while in 1875, we had 35,271,451 acres improved land, valued at $97,517,654, in 1880 we had 87,37*,807 acres improved land valued at *88,420,519. Two millions acres more in 1880, yet $9,009,000 less in value, but if brought to a gold basis, the value of land in 1860 will exceed tliat of (as has been shown), no actual deprecia tion in value in real estate, there lias also been no reduction in val ue of products per acre, as the statistics show—to wit: The average value of prin cipal crops per acre was, in 1876. 1877. ' 1878. 1879. $7.09 $8.18 $9.84 $10.35 showing a steady increase in productive value. And just here—for the benefit of those restless spirits who are down with a fever of Western emigration—I will com pare tho productive value per acre in Georgia with some of those old and new States of whose productiveness we hear such glowing accounts. In 1878 the pro ductive value per acre (tbe worth of an acre’s yield) in Georgia was $9.34; Vir ginia, SS.82; Alabama, $9; Tennessee, $9 30; Kentucky, $10.45; Ohio, $12; In diana, $0.85; Illinois, $9.68; Wisconsin, $9.77; Minnesota, $7.76. A favorable ex hibit of the old State, equaling tliat of tire productive aud more costly lands of the West. But as a further proof that the productive value of the State has not de creased, I give you the aggregate value of her pnucipal crops for a series of years: In Cotton. New York. 1876.. $47,708,925 1870 25% 1877.. 44,332,000 1871 25 1878.. 47,496,031 1875 17 1879.. 48,513,5GG 1877 18# 1878 13 If, then, the productiveness of her soil lias not diminished (aud her yearly crops evidence this fact), and the average pro ductive value per acre has not decreased, I think I am justified in saying tliat m real estate, as an clement oi wealth, Georgia is as well off now as in 1875. A concise enumeration of her other species of prop erty, which constitute her aggregated wealth, will reveal the same fortunate state of affairs. We had, in the years enumerated, the following species of properly and their values. In 1860, live stock in Georgia (those enumerated in the table) was valued at $38,372,734: help from the Prophet of Destiny to re-1 wise oppression of her labor and a wanton store him to life and to usefulness. As it I disregard of the rights of her laborers. We was with the .Shiiiianiite, so it will be I look not to other States for homes and with her. Tho staff of the prophet in tho I wealtli, for Georgia in her prostration is hands of tho servant will restore neither I our loved old mother still, and we feel, voice or hearing. It is tho prophet him- when away from her green fields self, “with mouth upon mouth and eyes | and happy hemes, as Madame upon eyes and hand3 upon hands,” who I De Stael in her banishment must waken in this dead body the spirit I from Paris by Napoleon, when she said of a new existence—2 Kings: 4th chapter. I she had rather see the stones of Rue du Upon our own staff, in our own hands, I Bsc than all tbe mountains in Switzer- and not in the hands of our servants or land. So I had rather live in Georgia’s others, most we depend for the life that is I history, In her memories and in her deso- to come; and when that life, qniclcencd lation, than upon the sunny hillsides orin by tbe touch of our own energies, is re- the lovely valleys of more prosperous Splendid Kasay or Henry J. Peter, J crop. For n big cotton crop is tho fulcrum Esq., Read March sib, ISM, Before j upon which resta tho lover of the middle the Oemulcec Farmers’ Onto or men who usually tilt ns where the “wood- n „ lK bme twineth," and which keeps tho grind Bibb tonuiy. pfono turning regardless of noses. All coL Ladies and Gentlemen: In the most ton culture prevents us from improving our complimentary and gratifying manner yon lands by fall plowing and reaping the ad- to. to,™ I. »d rawliin „• j SSSdSWKSX say upon some suitable topic of my own se- th a cheapest and easiest handled in the lection. I havo therefore selected for your consideration n subject full of facts and fancies; oue that has never been dormant in my thoughts; the accomplishment of which has in tho past exerted my utmost world, from bettering themselves It keeps them poor, aud ignorant of the demands of trade and its thousand issues. It prevents them from educating themselves and their children. It increases, instead of lessens, their prejudices and passions, and the “nip and tuck” of exclusive cotton culture will never mako a friend of the la borer. And this quasi antagonism between employers and employes causes them to be courted by factions of political parties op posed tous and will keep them demoral ized until wo assist them in becoming land owners; their own farmers; their own stored, and when we havo taken up the I States. It is not young Georgia that fires energies and will always bo tho goal of my child and gone out to work out our own our ambition and stirs our energies; it is ambition. Inheriting a taste for horticul- destiny, then will others join us with old Georgia, standing amid the graves of tural pursuits, tho brightest and happiest helping hands and willing hearts. Geor- her sons, in full view of tho desolation of ^73 o£ my boyhood were spent in tho gians, this cry of retrogression, of diminu- her hopes and her fortunes, her bosom conn t r v of Monroe conntv not manv miles tion of wealth, is more imaginary than swelling with emotions of pride at the ® oun f yo , ‘ Uo “ r ,°^ co , ^ not a y * a real. Considering the purchasing value I recollection of her past, her form mantled from this beautiful retreat, away from the of a dollar to-day aud comparing it with j with majesty, her head crowned with busy hum and dang of tho crowded city, in ‘^“rhe neCTo^htSrt 1^ its value iu years when you had more honor that moves us to work forhercle- tho serenity of on absence of all anxieties. white man and knows wo would treat estimated wealth, you will discover you vatlon and glory. It is not Lazarus, the Even now I love to drenm of thoso halcyon him generously if we only could. He com - are as well off now' as you were then, j child, that enlists our feelings and our days, when my soul was enchanted by* the I prehonds that the forty acres and a mule You will more readily realize this truth sympathles-it is Lazarus,tbo resurrected, 8plondid weatber of autumn; when under Promised him by his emancipators isado- wben I givo you tho cost of some of the his grave clothes failing from his bound , ... ! . 11 union of the past. He is a ponderous fix- necessaries of life for tlioso years since hands and feet, entering upon his career- “*e gorgeous purple of tho rising sun my I t ur o, and this is his promised land. We the war when your property was at its with renewed life, under tho Divine in- vision was greeted by tho rich hue of the cannot got rid of him, and wo might as well highest and lowest value and at present, (junction, “Loose him and let him go.” different tints of tho foliago of tho maple, j bJmErtflfiGiifiiESS* I give you prices in Macon market: 1875. 1879. 18S0. Bacon, per lb.. 13# Corn, per bush. $1.15@1.20 Coffee, per lb.. Flour, per bbl. Coats* cotton, per doz Sheeting, poryd Shirting, do Bagging, do Tios, per bill..$3.25 Virginia salt... 2.10 Gold have been a nucleus of perhaps a now In rga and flourishing population, and Swift creek, with its elegant power, might be teeming witli ail manner of factories. The Ocmulgee river might be navigable from their station to the ocean for the shipment of their cotton, heavy produce and manu factures. Tho two railroads passing through the place to Savannah and Augusta might daily take to these and Northern market* train loads of peaches, plums, pears, straw berries, watermelons, sweet potatoes, and all kinds of garden track. It is too late to cry over spilt milk. We must put our shoulders to the wheel and pull over this lost ground again. Every man can do something to help bring about a reaction. I can recall no better instance of a suc cessful and enterprising farmer to hold up as on example than our iate follow citizen, James Tinley, of Rutland District. He knew the advantage of capital, and that a judicious outlay added to the capital in vested in tho farm. He kept a sufficient system of book-keeping to Imow the value ot his farm, and in addition to a generous family supt>ort, ho expected to realize an approximate per cent, to what merchants, bankers and manufacturers aro entitled to. Ho knew lioy much income was necessary daily, weekly and monthly to secure this end. and it was seldom that his wagons could not be seen on the streets of Macon with something of value for snie. To gain pecuniarily, however, was not his greatest ambition, for greater than this was his ex ample for order] bteauty, morality and oon- i ! 1.31 i 1 No. 1 Valno 1 No. 1 Viiluo 1 No. \ Value 1 No. 1 Valuo 1 No. \ Value t No. 1 Valuo 1 f S •? i g ? SsJsSSRs3||a giglsisISifTs l >> &> "j* ® ’s' Sgi.aJsisisSs k ^ ? i •? ^ ? esssssasgigsg u s* S 3 S* iisiiiSislif | | II||||.S|8||i I silHiSiSlss w We see from these figures the fluctua tions in value; for in 1876, while we had only 118^00 horses, valued at $72.54 per head—aggregating $9,389.471—in 1SS0 wo had 900 more, vanled at $67.60 per bead— $8,057,920. And so with every other spe cies of property iu tho classification. While they have increased largely in numbers they have decreased in values as tlic currency of the q$untry approximated nearer and nearer a gold basis. And yet these are increased elements of wealth. If we examine plantation and mechanical tools we will find we have lost nothing in values: In 1876 $2,504,273 In 1877 2,943,124 In 1878 2,858,338 In 1879 2^71,872 In 1880 3,206,286 But I must abbreviate so as not to wea ry’ your patience, barely noticing the fluc tuations in value of other sxiecies of prop erty: 1870 1875 1880 City and town property... 47,922,544 57,929,350 51,230,730 Money and sol vent debts.. 26,646,995 36,929,113 29,295,433 Mdse 12,884,118 13,908J)64 13,989,109 Stocks and bonds 5,487,675 4,090,210 5,037,894 HonsOitktchn furniture... 1,520,657 6,138,518 9,513,026 Reducing, now, the values of 187o to the gold basis of 1SS0, and you will dis cover but a small difference—too small to enter into an estimate of the wealth of a people. Let us now briefly examine our status in that great industry, which, if properly developed, will make the South, and Georgia especially, a grand, prosper ous and wealthy State. 1 mean our man ufacturing industry, which is now engag ing so ssriously tho study of Northern capitalists. There were in Georgia [Textile Record 18S1J in 1870,1,8S7 looms 86,502 spindles, consuming 24,209 bales of cotton, and giving employment to 2,816 laborers; in 1880, 4,713 looms, 200,974 spindles, consuming 07,874 bales of cot ton, and giving employment to 0,678 per sons; in 1830 aud 1SS1, consumption has reached 70,572 bales, showing Georgia to be the eighth State in the Union in manu- ufacluring, as she is the second in the pro duction of the great staple upon which this nidustry feeds. I wish 1 could im press upon the minds oftbe peoplo of Georgia the absolute necessity of foster ing this very important branch of her va ried industries. Here are our streams ready to unite their songs with the hum of machinery; here are our fields whitening with the staple at the very doors of the factory; here we have a climate admira bly adapted to the labor of the operative. Every essential to success, to prosperity and wealth, is within our reach, and we have only to avail ourselves of nature’s gifts to become a great manufacturing State, consuming the products of our fields, and giving labor and support to thousands who will congregate here to earn a subsistence. In this connection, aud looking to its bearing upon our fu ture, I would urgo upon the farmers of Georgia tho importance of interesting themselves in the cotton exposition to be held in Atlanta in the fall, lor if success ful it will inaugurate a new era in the in dustries of Georgia; will develop rich fields for the investment of capital; will ac quaint the manufacturer with our abun dant resources and our advantages for the cheap manufacture of the raw mate rial, aud infuse new hope and renewed energy in that great industry of ours which now, more than at any former pe riod In our history, is engaging the atten tion of capitalists in every section of the Union. We are on the veite of a new era in Georgia. A new liie is about to be Infused into our energies and our indus tries, aud ours will be the fault if this new existence is not one of development, progress and prosperity. Has the war paralyzed all our energies and faculties? Has the child died on the knees of the mother that nursed him? Already I see Away, gentlemen, with tho idea tliat it is poplar, swcotgnm and hickory, held in sab- ^mmonV^rer^Let 0 ^ ^Select a new South that is greening into beauty limo bouquot by tho sombre, but world nnd hia and loveliness; it is a time-serving, expo- taorapimu'.co“tnusting so boautifuUy and and a few acres of bind,, . ... diency expression unworthy your great I encourage him to increase his possessions I tributing to the happiness and welfare of dead and your noble living; for it is tho <x*ton Adds, the prodnet of which is the b an and fnlgal life , mako him of Ids community. old South, stripped or her decayed wona 8 wonuer ana support. benefit to himself ns well as ourselves, and As I havo wearied you enough for one branches, that is robing herself again in , . . .11 promise you that no race on earth will day, I will upon some other occasion go the beautiful dress of returning spring. 'Anathoes lovely autumn_ evenings wnon J jjy with the same fidelity. (into tho details of land improvement and The new South, like tho tender twig, o wmaa were soft and still. Our system of cotton culture also re- attempt to show why diversified farming is might be twisted by the storm or bS SaV ° 0 £ KoXhill- thr ° n8h thovaleand tards tho irogreas of the country by keep- the most profitablo and interesting hv flirt fnwcf Tim wn. woociy Quiy I m;? afar markets for other product*. It dis-1 Before closui", howover, I cannot resist nM wf t T „, When groves wore yellow and the leaves co ^ rag03 and p r0 vonts, as it should, skilled repeating and adding a little to an article old South, like the s ately Cedar of Leb- were falhnB.carelossly Uutpooremigrantsfromsettlingamongstus token from tho TEixoiurir and Mbssen anon, is standing still, extending her limbs Along tho roadside, from tho boughs of ash I aud com n 0 tin'r with this uncongenial, loose, | oeb as a sort of apology, as well as con- nrnvirrannineitmitf ifmni.a#! deepening her roots, despite the and linden tree, I poorly paid and poorly fed class of labor. | toining an mnuaing and hard-eense “ ore storm tliat swept around her trunk or tho When stars were few and fleecy clouds wero , )ri .v eat3 moneyed immigrants froiuseek- moral: money it required more lor jour j lighting that played among her branches. .. floating through the sky ing a homo in oar delightful and fruitful I “The ... immediate necessities, anu that I ^ n o sapling, cli&nco-sown by tho foun- W5 anfelt, unheard below, where j «g they can bo cited to no compan-1 ayson can take a worthless sheet of paper the purchasing value of your means tain, ) night s dim shadows lie. I ionship, or to no profits mado by other I and by writing a poem on it mako it worth is as great now as it was then, and there- Blooming at Southland, in winter to 1 ... Europeans. Wo havo no inducements to $3,000. That’s genius. Mr. Vanderbilt fore your condition is as good. It would fade. I " /Li, wooat le offer then to become landowners and avail can write fewer words 011 a similai sheet afford mo pleasure, my countrymen, to I When tho whirlwind has stripped every leaf I «fa nm-lmi nV>r fhn’ mnnntnin I themselves of our cheap labor. and mako itwqrlh $50,099,099. That’s cap- speak of your advancement in education-1 on tho mountain “ITuKLT/ 11 ““I It causes a few men unwillingly to be-lital. And the United States can hike an al facilities • - * ‘ l manifested in mo eu..ca«on anu e.evauon , xV™.,— —- ti,„ „„„ , 1wm . I th»V&qm easitaTWand ^ ^SiSu J TlTo mechanic call take the materiarworth b> ’ W d P should bo invested in all manner of enter- $50 and mako a watch worth $100. That’s n i I prises and manufactures or distinctive ag- skill. Tho merchant can take an article ° ’ med oCthe ^tUng wmd8kun ' | ^cultural features tejiding to ^attract the | worth twentymo cents and soU it And in tho hf ’ “ “* * * — -4-ii-u mu-.*- *—1 1 iyjj e shovels of the masses. The State Agricultural I Moored in the rif tod rock I 1 Proof to tho tempest shock Society has not been indifferent to the ad- Firmer ho roots hor tho ruder it blow.” vantages that will result from educated Let Westmen and Eastern men labor, and have been active ^co-operators J Echo your praises then, with those progressive men who have ad- Glorious old Southland, os onward you go. vocatcd tho multiplication of practical! And as you progress, remember, “Paul to you at vocatcd the multiplication or practical And as you progress, remember, “Paul f Tfi"," nml and garden truck has done tor iJondam preiers 10 pay *iuu^ ror one oecausi schools of knowledge for the young of the | may plant and Apollos may water, but ■ nrhtannfl flntiJrSiiirt * | tho Inst ton years? And how wa3 it brought | ropro stylish. That s foolishness. State. In 1878, at your convention in I God alone givetli the increase,” and when : And'calm, pure feolSgs'in’ that hour came I "Bout? Immigration has been flowmg ditoherworAs t!m boms a day and Athens, I endeavored to impress upon the that increase comes, as come it will, if you gontly o’er the heart.” westward, not one per cent, of the whole 1 n convention tho Idea “that one of the great are true to your own history and the ' I number arriving at Castle Garden havo sot- | ?ar, Thats labor, . The city editor and demands of tho present is tho universal teachings of this Society, devote it to the I Se&tfSMSr if to £e i Ne"vorwiIl I forget the affluence and lord- I | town farmer work harder than any of aemanas oi ;ne p/esent is tlio umtcrml tca-uiu^s oi tins ocieiy, devote it to the i iy] av igi, hospitality of tho owner of the shunned the South for tho reason that they to give tho regular farmer advice. It education of the people, and that tbe I multiplication of your industries, to the plantation of ante bellum days, and I wore prejudiced and knew nothing about I co3ta tho^farmer nothing, and there aro government for its own advancement aud I improvement of your homes, to thecdu- never can the reminiscences connected I us The West has had active I millions in it. 1 hat’s fun, prosperity, should mab o provision for the cation and elevation of your people, and with tho old log cabin bo effaced from my immigration commissioners at work. Their education of her children.” Instances to the support and maintenance of a gov- recollection by the many innovations upon j railroads, press and all other sources of were there cited of other governments | eminent, under whoso just and liberal our old ways brought about by tho past aud power aro kept in constant tffny to entice H | ‘ ' ‘ ' . .. almost forgotten strifo between the North [them away from us. llorida, how-1 There is a sudden pause In the progress and South. | over, with her health-giving repute-1 0 f ti, e revision. It was on the eve ot ap- Sevoral times since that war I have had | tion, attracted thousands of Northem men, | p^i-jug. T), e wor j- completed—print ed, hound—and copies were sent out to tbe press iu England and to the members tho opportunity of visiting a number of | j tho celebrated Pennsylvania find New Jer- who were induced to stay by her superiority of climate. Their proverbial energy and Relay In the Publication ol the Re- _ | _ vised Now Testament. 1 who were fostering their educational sys-1 rule, the now South (if you so will it) toms and were reaping the benefits there -1 “Like a good seedling gem, from: Prussia, with her 25,000 common | Worthy the old mother stem, schools and with an attendance of 3,000,- Honored and blessed in hor shadow may ' 000 children; France, with lior appropna- u . ,, tion of $4,000,000 a year for educational I 1101 discouraged purposes; Norway, with her traveling, | p°3ttl°u; your present is by no me: migratory school system, owing to the I able in nature has been ieufold inTonsified, | waTinaugunucd,'uiiil through their inotm-1 tula: Tb« Brfiisk nf revision sparscncss of her population; Sweden, | luro gionsnHiii^uo iignioi loresnaaoweu monopolizing, in spite of myself, my con- | mentality thousands of their countrymen, [ was appointed by the Convocation of with her 500,000 children learning to read Proviso, xou have dime much to reclaim B tant thoughts and studies. as well as foreigners, will follow them, and Canterbury, an ccclessiastical body com- and write preparatory to confirmation by ? our w asted fortunes, but you could have j My snbject, then, is a “Model Farm, 1 "pro- | continue the wondrous development of the I posed of the bisliop3 and other clergy of the church, without which there can be done morc liad you lived at ll0mo upon vided with a residence and surroundings j sister State of Georgia, bnt which lacks t j ie province of Canterbury. We have uo intermarriage; to tbe German States | where anegleetto send the children to school is visited with fine and imprison ment; to Wurtemburg where elementary enucation has been obligator)* for seventy years. These are cited again to encour age our peopleto greater efforts in the I ‘"YTLI'i i» J ”“ “7?” *“*“ scnoois anu agricultural colleges, witutneir (secure through the agency or puoucspirueu i take a tew specimens or 1 noble cause of education, iu which they anu ns . , ’l* you . m . ovo experimental gardens and work-shops, fit- and enterprising capitalists. And if wo made by the revisers (which we published have made much progress, but not as current , inertness will not stem tho tide, ting thom mentally and practically forcoi:- have nono such, our first stop should be to m t be Observer Jauuary 27) appeared iu much as the progressive spirit of the ago complainmg despondency wiU not check ; tinning the groat work of elevatmg the ag- secure a few. . the London Record, and excited con- demands Still everv vear evidpnraU its watcrs * Onward goes the stream and ncultunst and supplying true men to tho There aro men m Bibb county who could I siJerable at'ention Tlier were «nerrfiV an advice movemem as the tZZoiLoI oa its flood vou will be carried to fortune manor born, capable of representing the singly build the much : telked-of Ocmulgee SSMtohrtfa^^tous^rsecn! 111 e^ib 1 e'eommiss to n e r o f c d u caU o n° sh o w! or be engulfed in it* waters. God grant! I» capable of running hundreds offac-1 £P l nanprs. The tiaifipV ■In annnnan I give you in proof his report of the school | attendance for a series of years: White. 1871 42,914 1873 03,922 1874 93,167 1875 105,990 1S7G 121,418 hers) 200,000. ** * hopes? 0 newfrlumphs W licw'^lfotiois and • B'° ani1 unsatisfactory life, and depriving | WesCberides requiring and giving em-1 tha J newspapers should be thren X might cite you to three new agrlcul- I WU ], hearts swelliue’with a commends- ! tbo rouutrj' of BBo talent so misapplied ? ployment to several thousand additional wUh punishment for publishing ex tural high schools and other schools not bio devotion to tlip old inntln>r nmplalm I "Bat is more comprehensive than tho I agricultural laborers—thereby largely in- from tho Bible, aud especially for doing mentioned m these returns. f m ,n luiitpr! L in!, .la i uriofftmu landscape gardening, combin- j creasing our population. We need not the very thing that is most desirable and These figures certainly do not show any ?• a «. a ' mg and requiring the talent of the painter, wonder at tho gratifying result of tho jndg- important to be done for the purpose of trogressive spirit intho causeofiinivcr^ * thoskUloftho engineer, the, imagination Uent, pluck and capital of a few nobfo bringing the value of the workdistinctly rXvilnn -,,,i ;r i tar aud hearth-stone, Sho is risen. of the arUst, and a general knowledge of men m Atlanta, Georgia. In less than six- before the public. If the changes are dis- the principles of botany, geology, archi- teen years 40,000 intelligent, energetic per- cree tlv made thp sooner tliev are known lecture, hydraoBcs, mechanics, heat, light, sons and $15,000,000 of property havo been thebettor lfth^are not discr^Uv ventilation, fertilization, irrigation and | added to Fulton, Georgia’s banner county. | “,?£*** not mscreetly drainago? This kind of prosperity is what makes m ade > ^ sooner they^are suppressed the What greater ambition could a man have I the farmer’s heart glad and helps to build j better. It Is very sad to know that the than to master such sciences and lead his I tho model farm. men who have tho legal control of the section or State in tho profitable production | The wants and patrouajo of this eon- | revision are men who threaten with legal ' l all d that was promised them, j s b6uld never cease to strivo | conld purchase and reclaim the entire Oc-I Record, in which the few extracts first ap- and that our young men, cradled in mts- ( for, why shonld not farming havo mulgeo swamp, containing on both sides of peared, and on those papers that copied —| .A u ", e 3 ni Sht| and^growingin its gloom, tho greatest attraction for tho mind? the river about 25,000 acres of probably the the extracts, threatening a law suit 42,374 with the mantle of the glories past upon ! And would those of onr sons naturally | best land in Georgia, capable of supplying f or *ha violation of cnnvrir-ht Ti.i«nn- 50,359 | their shoulders, may hail with early and ; gifted flock to the citioa to eke out an exis- tho leading cities of Georgia with all the seera h’ art has insSv eveWil t 57,937 enthusiastic delight tho dawn oftbe Eas- l tence, following precarious mercantile and com, hay, oats and whoatand oak and pop- , ,, y H irt n ^.i c 1 - new i professional pursuits, leading anunprofita- har lumber usually bought from the I lna, o natl0n * “ is considered monstrous threatened extracts retrogressive o,,,,,..,, muw „, u,u,ui- sal education, aud if knowledge is power, then I can assert, with a great degree ofl For Young Housekeepers truth, we are toying the foundation ofl „ „ . _ . . _ , future usefulness and greater power in | Messrs. Fords, Howard & Hulbert, of the coming years. I fervently pray that | ^New York, publishers, send us “The our people will fully appreciate tho ad- easiest way in housekeeping and cooking, vantages of universal education and do a | Adapted to domestic use or study in great deal more in the noble cause. Geor- clashes. By Helen Campbell, late Super- gia wants to-day more free school intendent of the Raleigh (N. C.) Cooking houses, more factories, more small farms, School; author ol ‘Chips from a North- more people interested in tho labor and western Log,’ etc.” lUmo. Cloth, $1. advancement of tho country. The day is Whoever will read Mrs. Campbell’s coming when she will have to consider, spicy introductory chapter will gain at seriously consider, who will cultivate her ouce an idea or what this little book is broad fields. The negro is nomadic in meant to do, and a belief that tho author his disposition and is easily influenced by has the ability to accomplish her inten- designing men, who seek not his good but j tion. And a careful examination of the their immediate advancement. It is to he book itself will confirm this belief, hoped that under a .government that will Mrs. Campbell says: “That room or afford him equal protection, and secure to | toleration lor another ‘cook-book’ can ex- hlm every right guaranteed to him by the ist in tho public mlud will be denied at constitution, he will become more tbor- once, with all tho vigor expected from a ouglily identified with us in every Indus- people overrun with cook-books, aud ouly try and morc interested in his own cleva-1 anxious to regulate tho majority of them tion and in tho promotion of sound mor-1 to their proper place as trunk-linings aud als and good government. If, however, | kindling material. under false hopes and erroneous impres- “The minority, admlrabln In r>l»n nn,1 of any specialty, or having tho most attract- stoutly increasing people, will, in a few penalties newspapers which have inno- ivo home? _ years, establish in the vicinity of this live cenlly aud at second-hand copied a few [Here Mr. Fetor road an extract—which, j city the most luxuriant vegetable, small texts ot the Bible, without noteorcom- owmg to its leDgth and tho press upon onr fruit and flower gardens, elogant and enor- mGnt into their uai/ei Our mnij-mno. columns, wo climinate-foUowSg his moos fruit orchtSds, fist .ponds and tho •nows as to the duties of tho farmer, and | most valuable stock and poultry farms, as rf i f' a , ^ bey ,^ c , rc the plan of building a model form home.— | well as smiling fields of nay, groin and | d( ?j?S a S°?u thing by copying these texts, Editors.] I other provision crops. Oar county has I now find themselves exposed to tho To continue in this same strain, I would many advantages that Fulton did not have dangers of a lawsuit, from which we .re add that debt has shipwrecked tho happi- when sho determined to riso from her happily exempted by the war of 1776. We nessof millions; that everlasting, sleepless, | a8 hes. Onr schools, colleges and mor- never knew before how much we gained goading interest will oxtingnisheveryspark j chants cannot be surpassed for liberality by our independence of England. It of- hope, every ray of enterprise, and, alas, | «ud enterprise.. They aro all willing to as- seems that we could not have cited a text as is too often the case, when a man is in-1 a j st us. There is no danger o. overprodno- f ro m the revised Bible without first send- extricubly in debt he resorts to the bottle, turn.. Ours is a fruit and vegetable-loving il)? over t0 Enc i and and CPUiue per . the terrible contents of which, in addition | popuiation whose wants are hard to supply. ra ^j j on from the Universities of Ox- to tho crimes it causes, the domestic afflio- | The proximity of large commnmUes with | £‘ d “ V ca^hridee That would be dis- the advancement of tho farmer and his | *h 0 world, | Commission Our grapes withstand the at- | of Revision were not required by their ap- tl o y iH I f»i 0 f lrl0t 'i? , i r <5 ne *? lIeS ‘ I,Ubli si t r >th0 I “Such was my own attitude and such pie 6 shouid^aUowTdrop o’f Ihiuo^toMtor vriSwot manorial injury to the seed, could ff rr ar d .i 0 a t ^, report ’ ,pou world that a united South. means disfrau-1 my language hardly a year ago; yet that the model home. Let ns try to make it j he converted into the best olive oil and M 1 * al J ^J ie meeting of tlie Convocation, cnisomcnt of tho black and oppicssion to 1 short spaco of timo has shown mo that, complete in everything but this. Letua no j many of the adulterations of other oils, as I which Is to be held iq I ay three months tho whitp man vim hr. Koncmi ...hsthn.. .i,. n. 1 _: 7 lon^o. ui.-i.* .aaovt to «i, n oioeot ,.«,i I wi.ll na ihn toiltit and i/mndrv Rnnn^. I iienco—unto which time the mibhcatinn tion of the while race and the good of the colored has depended upon this unity of Southern whites to maintain free _ theliands unity of Southern whites to maintain cooking-schools in a nowlofahtyVdo'- j "“taSttwo are en- £? SSjSTfn°rtot°ure? 8 'toStoJSd‘imp to a State wheren government aud to place its reins in j minding the most thorough and minute dowed with a sufficiency of that, the great- menta wo use. Onr flouring mills *rod [B® ^Bi^h in a titate where CL lands of those calculated to conduct svstem to assure Llielr success and nerma- ' oat nf tmlta mnnil mnnin, tn I smoke houses are also in tholi estem States. I Btate are united. It lias two - taught us in tho bitter school of experi ence that strife and discord are foes to our , , - . t,, -■ . ,. scheme, of combinations and monopolies I Uorngr I '^y end covering all ordinary household which control and cheapen onr fow prod-1 selves of the lessons taught by the uoioni-1 ion an appeal may be taken to the crown Thus it comes to pass that, if the con- , , , . needs, but covers the question naturally nets, wonld no longer torment us, and our I zation of many sections of the Eastern nad 1 ■ r ,. , Progress, our peace and our happiness, arising in eveiy lesson given, and ending independence of thought and action would Western States, which has resulted so ben- v . oca,loa doe8 not approve of (ho revision, and if the politicians and partisans would j { a tbe most uecessary points fu household he onr happiness. | ficially to the emigrant as well as to the j ^ case may go up to the government, cease to intermeddle with our domestic science.” j There admonitions are oftenh.ird by tho | rapid increase of the population. and the Queen aud Mr. Gladstone may relations aud our home governments, that Mrs. Campbell then proceeds to show poor, weary fanner. He has grasped at f know of one instance in New Jersey of yet be called 0:1 to decide w hether theal- tbe races would live in Interested harmony j why certain admirable books are not suit- everything from following his daddy’s ad- « colony purely agricultural, which in- teraiions of the old version are right and and peace, and prosperity ivonhl soon | able for her purposes, in starting at the *nning, the Grnii<?e—at one time | creased tojto’.bbC 1 ’^ro^Brat ten^yem^and j wise. Mr. Gladstone is a splendid Greek . - —«i_ - - " " " * *' ' * ’ as much tor aorist as for kingdom. If the . . . . .... . ! sustenance Tiy home comforts and whole- isTwhy do^younotTuggest fttiinetliiilg’of'^a | were ’inaugurated. Th6adomment‘Tnd! c ? nvoca , li , < i nd ? esno< ? p P ro 'ro oft Berevi- ishing those prejudices, and cathslicview3 | some, relisbful food. : practical and progressive nature for the | improvement of their homes greatly en- slon and the Crown does affirm and adopt, are now the great -conservators of South- i improvement of the languishing condition haneed the value of all the real estate. On ! tl > ‘•Ben the new revUion will be the ern peace and good society. Wc have had ] - Sunday at Talbntton. of our agriculture and the improvement of 39,000 acres not a fence was to be seen—the Queen Victoria version, as the old is that strife and revolution; wc have now peace Taxuotton, Ga., March 7.—Our town onr homes in addition to systematic and most beautiful hedges, shade trees and of King James. and a regulated government. Aud from is very quiet this morning. , economic management of what little we parks were the characteristics. Much of it Ho the end is not yet. The impression Levert College aud Cqlliuaworth Iusti- yurt good seed, good land and good cultiv* | number of manufacturing enterprises, find became valuable for other purposes. Hav- I made by the “specimens” already pub- ing immense water power, the colony soon [jshed 13 that of literal fidelity in the ren- found it uecessaryencourage a targe ] dering of thc ^^,3. Wo have carefully noted the remarks of many newspaper. tion are necessary; vary your gratuitous to-day that colony is an important part of , "r; f 7To» advice a little and tell us how to accomplish the wealth of New Jersey. f ar l J ie secfn S Bow the thing some of these things. If Buch thoughts are J l’revictUs to the war a colony of Germans 18 takiug. A he value ot the work is ap- a s r. _ - .1 ..c Dn.t. , .« i nmoiaiorl htti trv»iL«r>tw fnr AJ>m» at thr ... very quiet this morning. , our present standpoint, like tlic traveler i Rev. J. T. McLaughlin occupied the m 2, k ?,* , , , , . , , . , , . In tho bay of Naples, vve turu from Vesu- j pulpit at the Methodist church last night. . .“ 08 what to plant, when to plant, how | Tins, its sid.-s a blackened waste swept by Levert College aud Colliuswortli lust' fire and desolation, to tiie blooming fields, I tuto are both in a flourishing condition, lovoly gardens and smiling villages below. I Hon. Henry Persons is expected home The elements of destruction are iu strife I from Washington to-nighL ^ ml discord; the seed of ljfo and of] Oiu - young friends A. P. Persons and uppermost in your minds, my task to point 1 desirous of making Bibb county their i predated, but tbe reasons for some of the rowill are found rooted ouly in quiet and j M. Spivey, of Columbus, was in town yes- out how and where you can make two blades | homes, sought to buy the old Lamar plan- j changes are not understood. When these in peace. Leave 115, then, to work out terday. of grass grow where ouly one grew before tntion, containing at tliat time 5,000 acres reasons are given, the public will be bet- peacefully our destiny, aud we can onlv J. W. Hall, ex-editor of the Standard is indeed a difficult one; but my shortcom- j of the best land in Bibb county, and offered I ter able to judge of their necessity. Of do so successfully by a prudent economy, will bo admitted to tbe bar at tbe " ' <r "~ —.1 —* 1 —*- “ *-'- : -i- 1 *-■ -* **--* — 1 wise aud just relalionsbip between eapi- term of Talbot SuDcrior Court. ta! and labor, aud a strict observance, of iamo^oupenor court. ab ° nt I Bi A' b count >’. t ““ fuld ‘° *«!? added S10 000, I ^ susUins every doctrine of the common all those statutes upon which our civiliza-j Lovk tliy neighbor as thyself, and ^^““SWonldnU the largest book you ever either ns a^ft or subsenpticMq to the stock version, aud leaves thc entire basis and tion ii based and our society' is founded. ! when you see one with a bad cough, ad- Firstly, then, as you have heard n th™ 1 Item, ,1m 'tetKa West in search of ‘ structure of the religion of the Goapel for- that old mother grieving over the dead 1 We love Georgia, and are not foolish \ vise him to buy a bottle of Dr. Bull’s sand times before/we shonld abandonee ^ds oflteredbya more enterprising t>oo-1fl 8(1 b y the examination of experts in, spirit ot the past, coming to Carmel for ’enough to destroy her existence by an un- Cough Syrup. Price 25 cent*. habit of depending on cotton as an only pie. If this trade had been made it would England and America.