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u£l?fc. (§>£#Egt& lUfte&lJj mtft Jmxjmsd & Mtawsamgec. GARFIELD MEMORIAL. voxvitEfiS iinxons tiiii iie.iv 1‘llE-lVEXT. Sr m»1ee'» Xlcqucnt ttadon-ilh Dtilil riltmi’* l.ffe Stctlchci), HI* I»o«-H* E.tloslzcU ntfS Hi* Motive* Dcrradtd. [B> Tele[«Mph.| Washington, February 27.-—Al TO oclock the doors (? the captlol Toro 'opened, and in bait an hour the gaiSories of the House wSre lilted with these for- Vanaie enough DC ‘hold tickets to tflin Gar field memorial'services. Tire Souse was called to order at 12, and firayor was d£ fered by tlic'uiaplain. Tho Speaker an nounced Hfc House r#«»ty loiptrform i.i part ot ttaricereraony. Al 12?W the mem bers of <he Senate entered, TolloweB by the judges of tlie tkqpreine Court. The rresident arrived a few •vtinulcs later. Prayer was offered by'Clioplain Tower. The f resident pr#*or.„ Xr. lflavrv intro- ducriu Mr. Blair.e. Mr.'Blaine,‘iu a loud, clear voice, spoke as follews: hi.aiste’s onreriON. Mb. rawinur >-F#r the fnrnd time Garfield's enriy opportunities for recur-i only from parliamentary experience. Into , achieved a victory ecarcely less wonderful inn an education were extremely limited, , tins as.-emblaco of men Garfield entered j when,In 1864, ngainrt the secret desires of and jwt werk sufficient to develop in him without special preparation, and it might i a strong administration, against the wise an iatenso'desiTo to leant. He could ro«£ i almost bo Slid unexpectedly. 1 ho ques- I counsel of the older chiefs, against the con servative iustinc'.s and even the moral sense of the country, he forced a reluctant Congress into a repeal of the Missouri compromise. Mr. Thsddeas S*evons,in his j nt three ytarsof age, h* • each waiter hs i tioo of taking cotamand of a divirion of h«l the nivantaga of the district school, troops under General Thomas, or taking He read stl the books to be found within ' his sea ofrcfo of his iruquaintanoe; some of them 1m got hy heart. While yet in child, hood'bo was n cotritan* student of fhe Bi ble, ar.d became familiar with its-litera ture. The dignity and earcestney* of his speech in his maturer life gave eviCenc-* of this early trailing. At eighteen years of age he was able to teach school, -add thorceforward his ambition was to ob- 'tain a college education. To this end he 'bent all ins tfdorts, working-’ntho harvest field, at the carpenter's bench, and, in the winte- eef.-on, teaching the common schools of tho neighborhood. Whilo thus, laboriously occupied he fctJr.I time to pros, ecuto Mi. studies, and was so successful that at Plenty-twopearsOjf age he was able, to eatvc the Junior class a* Williams Col-, lege, than under the pirci-idcncy of the ven erable and honored Mnrk Hopkins win in the'fullnesr of bis pnwes, survives the dtnilf nt pupil to wbeta he w*s of iacstints- ble service. T*.e history of X& J&eld’s iifo to tb".= .frri- oA presents »*> *covel features. He had tredoub’edly »h #r. peraeveranen, seliireli- •ttoe, self svg-itci and umbltion-<,«nli- ttes which, be it art 1 for tho honor of our r-jantry, a eevasf here 1 ■ is f*» !*sxnoug fae young wra bf Amen. i. B.-t'rom his -' iulu-itioj at -V'illi.im* o-; • -lrd, tc I la; hour t hi.s tragical fioath, G.trifefd's c >;r wu in this generation the great da*iMtme:its ---- of th ; (.overuHxmt of tie United States tie eminent snfi« ceptional. m!j«1;-v ram,; assembled in the Hull Of Representative^ through has-oar cattooal iwnoa^-Te.wving to do honor ta the memory of a murdered *" * * ’ " President. I.iucoln fell nt tHrj close of r. mighty rtraggle dr. which tits passions S' men had lawn deeply stirred. The trngionl term nati.n; of hi*, treat life added'but sr.i- othertothr lungthcned succe*siOn of hor rors which had Ob-irkesl no many liirtsis with thu blood-of th - first torn. tinrC-fld was slain >in n day of peace, whCc brother hnd I .(*(•». rceonnKed to brother, and when nngfr and hate-lndbeenbanished frofQ tho land. 'Whoever shall’bWonf ter draw the E rtnui of minder, if tre wilt show** as it g lie n exhibited wherei.tlc!i exant{Hn was last to lluve been loekte for, lev trim not give it ihetffltt'Visagodt Moloch, tk-o brow knit*' d by-revenge, MtefMO black with set tled bale. I*t him draw, rather,e. deco rous.. smoollitfactd,-Woodless deicon; not so much nr. example (f human nature in itairinr*w;r«ntii of crin»>;,-ns an irtfihrnal be- inr. a tior.den tneordinary •display and de- veioi'inent-of his character.” Fin in the landing of the irttfcrin.s at Ply mouth lill Ttiu upitying ngoinst Charles First, nheuA t vcvity tliousnnd -emigrants came from England*o New England. A* khey-came in pvrsvii of intcllw tusl free dom >f.ud wvl?stastloc! indepen- •denee 'rtT.her than for -worldly honor *ud irrUfit.-tho omigrntion nr.ttr ally ceased. •when the contest fur religious liberty b<^. yftu ic earnest at home. The man who-, atruckiiiis most effective hhovt for freedom) of c.iwiscieou- by iv iling for tt e colonies in lfi.O wonld'iiarolK.-cn accomitcd adesertec to hum-after H’-W. The oprortunity h«C then cornu on • the soil of-Fnglaod for that great-r-»c test width esPiblialrod the anthot- jty ol-Parliament, gave religious freedom to ltd people, seat Charles totho block, and o m-nittjdtu tho hands of Oliver Cr) well tho tuprewe exacativo authority Puglnud. The English emigration was never renewed, ana fr«x the.-o twer.ty tlior. Mini uten with a small omigrntion from •Keutland and'from Prune • are descemlel the vast nninb«?.s who Imre New-England -blood in their.veins. Jn I tie.a Uie ce vocation -of the elict or Nautz by Louis XIV sc .ttoreii to otbef •countries tocr hundredthousand PrnCest- ai.l *. v. ho wtn among the most intelligent and o.itcrprisiai* of Ere nc it subjects •.mer chants of.capital, skilled manufacturers, ami I: indicTjftsmeu, su|icrior nt the time to ull otiiess in Europe- A considerable number of these Huguenot French came to Ainorica: n.ferr landed in New England and -became tionosibly p.-omkieut in itu hi story. Their names have in large part become anglicised-or have dienr-penre 1, but their b'ood is traceable in many of the most rep utable, families, and thair- fame is perpetu ated in honorable memorials and useful in stitulioiM. J ruin these two sources, the English-Pu ritan ami tiie Erciich.Hnguenot, came the late-President—nis fatbor,Abifcin Garfield, being descended from thvmie, and his mother, Elir-t Halloa,'from the other. ■It wits good-stock on both sides—none better, none braver, none truer. . There was in it an inheritance of oonrnge, of manli ness, of imperishable Invo of liberty, of un dying adherence to firincgile. -Gaifal i vn- proud of his blood; and,.with as mnch •sati.inciior. as if he weie.n Eritish noble man, rending his et-italy aneentMl record in ituBke«;peemge, Ito rpobe-of himself as ninth in tlrsceutfro.n Otiose-who would not endure llie«iipression of the btiaris, and seventh .in descent Ivoei the bravo Fre..ch ProUvInnls who refits*! to saL-mit to tir- anny even front tho-Griuiu Monnrgne. Gem ralOirfield delighted «do dwell on these traits, aad, during his only visit to England, he busted himself .in.iliseovor:ng every trine of bis fovafathersin parish reg istries and on ancient a-my-roh's. Hitting with a friend in the gallery of the House of Commons one night after a long-day's la bor in this field of research, -he paid with -ovidt-nt-elation thstau every .oar in which for tbreenentaries patriots of .English blood bad struck sturdy blown for cocslitutintia! government and human .liberty, his family hud been lepreseuted. They were nt M.irs- ton Moor, nt Naseby and at thsston; they were at Booker Hill, at S iratogn, and at Monraou'h, and in his«wn person bad bat tled for iko same great cause in the war which preserved the union of U<e States. Easing his father before he was two years old, tho early life of GnrfieliLwns one of privation, bat its poverty has been made indelicately and unjustly prominent. Thon- pands of readers haw imagined him as the rugged starving ohiid, whose reality too often greets the eye i. the squalid sections of our inrge cities. Geoercl -Garfield’s in fancy and youth had none of tkeir.dt stitn- tiou, none of their pitiful features appeal ing to the tender bean, and t the open band of charity. He was a poor boy in the same sense in which Henry Olay was a poor boy; in which Andrew Jackson arose poor boy; in whtuh Uooiel Webster .was a poor boy; in tho sense in which a large ma jority of the eminent men of America in all generations have bren poor boys. Be fore n multitude of men, iu a public speech, Mr. Webster bore this testimony: “It did not happen to mo to be bora in a log cabin, hot my elder brothers and sis. tors were born in a leg cabin raised amid the snow-drifts of New Hihnpshire, at a S sriod so early that when the smoke ro-o rst from its rude chimney and curled over the frozen hills there was no similar evidence of n white man's habitation be tween it and the seltli mints on the rivers of Canada. Its rem- ins stilt exist. I make to it on annual visit. I carry my children to it to tench them the hardships endured by the generation* which have gone befo-o them. 1 love to dwell on ths tender recol lections, the kindred ties, the early alfee tions, and the touch, ng narratives and inci dents v hicb mingle with all I know of this primitive family abode.” With the requisite change of semo the same words would aptly portray tho early days of Gnrfield. The poverty of ti.e fron tier, where all are engaged in a common straggle m d where a common sympathy and hearty co-operation lighten tho bur dens of each, is a very difijrent poverty, different in kind, different in influence and effect from that conscious and humiliating indigence which is every day forced to con trast itself with neighboring wealth on •which it feels a sense of grinding dejien •deuce. The poverty of the frontier is in deed r.o poverty. It is bnt tbe beginning of wealth, and has the boundless possibili ties of tin future always opening before it. itogp ■in over grew np in the sgricuHura regions of ‘he West, whore a house r -ising or even a ctrn husking is a matter of com- mon interest nnd helpfulness, with any other fooling th in that of broad-micdeJ, generous independonoo. This honor- abls independence m:.rked the youth of Garfield as it marks the youth oftril ions of the best blood nnd brain now training for tho future citizenship and fotnre govern ment of tbe republic. Garfield w s born heir to land, to tbe-titleof freeholder which has been the patent and passport of self- respect with tho Anglo-Saxon race ever since Hengist nnd Horsa Jsnded on the shores of England, His adventure on the canal—aa c!ter> a ivp betwd a th it ill tbe deck of a Lake Shore schooner—was a farmer boy’sdevice for corning money, just as the New England lad begins a possibly great ctreer by sailing before the mast on a eou«ting vessel or on a merchantman bound to the'farther India or to the China ilo manly man feels anything of shame in looking back to early struggles with ad verse circumstances, and no man fee's a worthier pride thin when he has conquered the obstacles to his progress. But no one of noble mould desires to be looked upon ns having occupied a menial position, as having been repressed by a feeling of infe riority, or h iving suffered the evils of poverty until relief was found at the hand of charity. General Garfield s yonth pro-, tinted no hardsuips which family love and ) family h;ui his diploma -v ken twenty-tour jerirs of age, ho seem*d atfor.e bon ml to spna : ir.t-j ejt- snicaou* and brillient puoceto. ‘Vitl.iu six year* hewra sucoessivsly _i«re i lent of * college, Stnio Sinatur of Oh;o,-m:ij:»r- gen eral of itoe'Anny ot the United i&aUs, and Uopresciitotive elect to tho Jiatioaa! Con gress. A-rombinatiou of hou-jrs so varied, so elevi't-d, within a period so brief nnd to a man so young, is without precedent or parklksM't ihe history of the country. Garfield's nrrny life was begun with no othecreilitary knowledge than such as lit. had fcsstily gaineit from beaks in the few mouths preceding his tna-cli to the field. Story.i ng from civil life -to the head of a regwr.ont, tho first order ho received when ready to cross the Olio whs to nssurao com mand of n brigade, and to opr rate us nuirt- dorendeiit force iu Ei-tr rn Kentucky, rlis immediate duty was to -check tho advance oftflninphrey Marshall, who ivaa n-trolling down Ihe Big Handy with the intention of occupying m connection with other Confederate forces the entire furri er ry of Kentucky, and of precipitat ing the Stale into secession. This was at the close of the year Jtsil. Seldom, if aver, has a young collegepoofessor been thrown into a more embarrassing nnd discourag ing position. He kzewjastenongltuC mil itary s lienee, .s he expressed it hits-elf, to measure the citeut of his ignoranea, ar.d with a handful of xsen lie was marching,in rough winter weather, into a strange coun try, among a hostile population, to con front a largely superior force urriir the command of a distinguished graduate of -We-t l’uiut, wko bed seen active ned im portant servico in two preceding wars. Tho result of the C;utneijga is maltor of i’.'.-iorv. I il£?~ . ---Vli ex- ' -s*. i* khflar.eil to his met:, raw atid untried as himself, the measures he adopted to inoceaso tils force sod to create in tbs enemy’s mind exaggerated estimates of his numbers, I koto pt.-fect fruit in the roiling of .Marshall, the cap-' tare of hie camp, the dispersion of his force and the sta u.cipoiion of tut important territory from tbu control of the rebellion. Coming at the class ot a long scries et dis asters to tits Union arms, Gar field’s victory had an unusual cud extraneousirn pur: ance, nnd <n tbe pmmlar judgment elevuteil the yonng commaudcr to the rank of a mili tary hero. With less than two thon.-c:id men iu his entire command, with a mob 1- ized force of only eleven hundred, wi bout cannon,lie met ;ui nrmy of live thousand ard defeated them—driving Marshalls forces successively from two strongholds of tlmr own selection, furtifie 1 with ubuudaut ar tillery. Major-General Baeil.cointnaudiug the bepariment of the Ohio, an experi enced and able soklierof the regular army, published an order of thanks and congrat ulation on the brilliant ri-srit of the Big Sandy campaign, which would have turned the head of a less cool mid sensible man than Garfield. B nil declared that his serv ices had c tiled in to action lh-> highest y u.iU ities of a soldier, and Preside..t liiuceln supplemented ti-efcs words ot praise by the more substantial reward of a brig«dier- general's commission, to bear date from ihe day of his decisive victory over Mar shall Tho subsequent military career of Gar field felly sustained its brilliant begin mug. rt ith his now com uissioa he was nssigred to tho command of a brigade in the army of Ohio, nnd took part iu the second and decisive day's light in fin great battleci Shiloh. Tito remainder of tho year lNj-f was tot espo ially eventful lo Garfield, a, it was no! to tlie armies witli which lie was serving. His practical sense was called into exercise iu c xnple- ting the task as-igned !i ; m hy General Buell, of reconstructing bridges nnd re-es tablishing lines of railway cninnunit- ition for the army. His occupation in this use ful but not brilliant field was varied hy service on courts martial of importance, ii; which department of duty he won a val uable reputation, attracting tbe noticeaaid securing the approval of the able and eminent Judge- Advoi ate-Gencval of the ar t y. That of itself was warrant tr honorable fume: for among the great uicn who in tho-e trying days gave themselves, with entire devotion, to the service of their country, one who brought to tiat service the ripest learning, tbe most fervid elo qnence, the most varied attainments, who labored with tn aleity and shunned ap plause, who in the day of triumph sat re serve,, and si'ent and grateful—.-u* Frnncis l)eak in the honr of Hungary’s deliverance —was Joseph Holt, of Kentucky, who in his honorable retirement enjoys the respect and veneration of all who tovo the Union of the H'ates. Early in 18C3 Garfield was assigned to tho highly, important and responsible post of chief of staff to General Uosocrans, then at the head of the Army of tho Cuinb-irland Perhaps in a great military campaign no subordinate officer requires sonnder judg ment and quicker knowledge of men titan tho chief of staff to the commanding gen oral. An indiscreet man in such a position can sow more disoord, breed more jealousy and disseminate more strife than any other officer in the entire organization. When General Garfield assumed his new duties .lie fonnd various troubles already well de veloped nnd serionsly affecting the value and efficieney of the Amy of tbe Cumber land. The energy, the impartiality, and tho tact with which ho sought to allay these dissensions, and to discharge the dntiis of bis new and trying position will always remain one of the most striking proofs of his grant versatility. His military duties closed on the memorable field of Chicknmangn. n field which however disas trous to tho Union arms gave to him the occasion of winning imperi-hnble laurels. The very rare distinction was accorded him of a great promotion for his bravery on a field that was lost. President Lincoln ap pointed him a major-general in the army of the United States for gallant and meri torious conduct in the battle of Chicko- tnnngo. The Army of the Cumberland was reor ganized under the command of General Thomas, who promptly offered Garfield one of its divisions. H was extremo'y de sirous to nccept the po-ition, bnt was em barrassed by tho fact that ho had, a year before, been elected to Congress, and the time when he most take his seat was draw ing near. He preferred to remain in the mi'itary service, and had within his own breast th- largest c- -ntidenco of success in the wider field which his new rank opened to him. B dancing the arguments on the one ride and the other, anxious todeterioiae what was for ’he best, deairons above all things to do his patriotic duty, he was de- eis'.vely influenced by the advice of Presi dent Lincoln and (secretary Stanton, both of whom as-nred him that lie could, tut that time, te of especial value m the House of Representatives He resigned his com mission of major-go a eral on the 5th day of December, 1863, aid took his seat in the Hob a of Representative* on tbe 7th. He had served two years and f ou r months in the army, and had just completed his thirty- second year. The Thirty-eighth Congre's is pre-emi nently eatitled in history to the designa tion of the W. r Congress. It was elected whilo the war was flagrant, and every marc her was chosen upon the issues involved in the continuance of the straggle. The Thirty-seventh Congress had, indeed, legis lated to a largo extent on war measure*, bnt it was chosen befor# anyone believed that secession of the States would actually be nttempted. The magnitude of tbe work which fell upon its successor was unpreco- oonted, both in respect to the vast sums of money raised for the support of the army and navy, and of tho new and extraordina ry powets cf legislation which it was forc ed to exercise, t mty twenty-four Stales were represented, and one bandied and his seat la Oeagcesa was kept open till the last moment, so ia'e, indeed, that the res ignation of Ms military commission and his xreearsnee in tbs llonse wets almost canto I'pdroneous. Ho wore the uniform of a major-general of the United States army on Saturday, nnd on Monday, in civ- iltanvi dress, h • onswerod to the roll-call as n Representativj in Gengre » from the State of Ohio. JlCWas especially fortunate in tbe con stituency which cloeted him. Descended sitchst entirely from New Borland stock, the men cf the Ashtabula district were in tensely radical on a'i questions relating to 1-vman rights. We'd educated, thrifty, Hi;oron-h'y intelligent in affairs, acatoly 'd-’seeraiug of character, not quick to ho- s;ow confidence, and slow to withdraw -H, they were at cnee the most heltfut aud most exacting of supporters. Tiie'c tena cious trust ia tuaaiti whom they have cnce confided is iiinstrated by the nnparaHeled fact that Elisha Whittlesey, Joshua B. Gi-Jdiug. and Jatnes A. Garfield represent ed the district for fifty-four years. There is no test of a teen’s ability in any department at public life rao. e sev ere than serviia in the House of Representative-; there is no place where so little deference is paid to reputation previously acquired, or to eminence won outside; tu> place where so little consideration is shown for the fee ingi or the fniluros of beginners. Whst a man gains in the House he gains by shier fore; of his own character, nnd if he loses and falls back he must expect no in :rey, sad will restive nu-sympathy, i; is a field in which tho survival of the stroug- e.-ttho recognized rule, and where no p-e:ouso can deceivo aui no glamour can mislead. The real man 4s discovered, his worth is impnrlini'y weighed, nis rank is irrevocably decreed. Wilh.possibly a single exception Garfield was the youngo-t member -in the House when he entered, and W03 bnt seien years from his eollego graduation. But he hail uot betm in his seat sixty days before his anility was recogu’Zed and his pln'co eou- c ded. Ho stepped lo the front with the confidence of ono who belonged there Tne Ho ire was crowded with strong tr eu of reviewed, both parties; nineioen ot them have s-nc-j been transferred to the Semite, cud many of-them hive served with distinction in the gabernatori tl chairs of their respective States, and on foreign missions of great consequence; but among them all none grew so rapidly, none so firmly as Garfield., Ac is said hy Toveiyaniif his parli vment a- ryhoro, Garfield succeeded "because all the world in concert canid not have kept him. in the back ground, and because when once in tho front he played his part with a prompt intrepidity -ud commanding' case that were bat the outwrrd symptoms of the immense r -serves of en» r gy, on which it-was in his power to draw.” Indeed tlie apparently reserved force which Gar field possessed was one of his great charac teristics. He never did so well but that it seemed ha coaid easily have done bettor. He never expanded so much strength but that he seemed to bo holding .additional power nt call. Tnis is one of the happiest .I rl!*4inn(i«vna .rlf nn • tilT -ft’tv.t till* In thi.vvcspect indeed ho constantly ssr- , said that he fonnl tha Lord’s Prayer and priseA many who were most intimately as- ■ the simple peti'ions learned in infancy ii- ■sociated with him in the government, and finitely restful to him, not merely in thair narocia'dr those who hnd feared that ha stated repetition, but iu their casual and espscia'Jy those who had feared that h9 might be lacking in 1 tie executive faculty. His disposition of business was orderly and rapid. His power of analysis, and his skill in classifiestiou, enabled him to dispatch a contests from liifij tol868 actually advanoexl vistnuMofdetail with singular promptness his parliamentary ieadershipuntilCongress 1 and ease. His cabinet meetings were nd- Itied the Lands of the President and gov- 1 mirnhly conducted, His clear presentn- ■ tion of official subjects, his well considered suggestion of topics oa which discussion erned the oonntry by ita own will.Jeavtog towards theories and rarest distinctions-of an-ellcCvvode-. jbater, and often counts for as much in per suading an assembly as the eloquent and elaborate argument. The great measure of Garfield's fame was-filled by his servico in the House of Kcpr-so.atati-.es. His military life, illus trated by hummable performance, and ric'- in promise, was. ai he himself felt, prema turely terrain a'.t-d, and necessarily incom plete. r-peculatiou as to whnt he might have cone in a field, whore tho great prizes are so few, cannot be profitable. It is suf ficient to s.ty that a s a soldier, ho did his duty bravely ; ho did it intelligently ; he won an env'abio f irae, and he retired front tho service without blot or breath against him. As a lawyer, though admirably equinped for the profession, he can scarce ly be said to lgi’-o entered on its practice The few efforts he mode at the bar were distinguished by tbe same high or der of talent which be exhibited on every fiat . where ho was pat to the test, and .if a inau iiiiij bo accepted ala c-uoiieteut j idge of his ovii capacities and adaptations, the r nw was tho profession to which Garfield should have devoted himrelf. Bnt fate or- ciaiuedotrerwise, and his reputation in his tory will rest largely upon his service in the House of Representatives. That ser vice was exceptionally long. He was nine times consecutively chosen to tho hou-e,an honor enjoyed by not more than six other Represent itives of tho more than live thou sand who hav» been elected from the or ganization of the government to this hour. As a parliamentary orator, as a debater on an i-sue squarely joined,where <be posi tion had been chosen and 'ho ground laid out. Garfield must be assigned a very high rank. More, perhaps, than any inau with whom ho was associated iu public life, he gave careful anil systematic study to pub lic questions, and he came to every discus sion in which he took part, with elaborate and complete preparation. Ho was n steady and indefatigable worker. These who imagine that talent or g-.*nins can sup ply the place or achieve the result* of labor will find no encouragement in Garfield's life. In preliminary work lie was apt, rap id and skillful, lie possessed in a high de gree tfco power of readily absorbing ideas nnd f acts, and like A*r. Johnson, iiad the art of getting from a book all that was of value in it by a reading apparently so quick and cursory that it seemed like a mere glance ::t tho table al contents. Ho was a pre-emi nently fair and eand-d man in debate, took no potty advantage, stojpx.d to no unwor thy method--, avoided personal allusions, rarely appealed to prejudice, did not seek to inflame passion, lle had a quicker t ye for the strong point of his adversary than for his weak point, and ou .his own side he so marshaled iris weighty arguments as to make his hoartrs forget any possible la-b in the complete strength of his position. Ilo had a habit of stating his opponent’s side witii such amplitude of fairness and auub liberality ofxioncession that his fol lowers often complained that he arcs giv ing his case away. But never in his pro longed participation in the proe -odious of the House did he giye his caso away, or fail in the judgment of competent and impar tial listeners, to gain the mastery. These characteristics, whicn tcarkedGar- fiold ns a great deba'er, did not, however, make him a great parliamentary loader. A . parliamentary leader, as that term is un derstood wherever free representative gov ernment exists, is necessarily nnd very strictly the organ of his party. An ardent American defined the instinctive warmth of patriotism when he offered tha toast, will do and dara and die for the cause, is one who beltmes his party always right, bat right or wrong, is for his party. No more important or exacting duty devolves upon him than the selection of tho field and tho time for contest. He must know not merely how to strike, but where to strike nnd when to. strike. He often skillfully avoids the strength of his op ponent’s position and scatters confusion in his ranks *by attacking an exposed point when really the righteousness of the cause and the strength of logic d intrsnehment are against him- He conquers often both against the right and heavy battalions; as when young Charles Fox, in the days of bis toryism, carried the House of Commons against justice, against its immemorial rights, nga:n*t Ins own convictions, if, indeed, nt th-.t jieriol Fox had convictions, and, in tho interest of a corrupt administration, in opedienoo to a tyrannical sovereign, drove Wilkes from the seat to which the electors of Middlesex had chosen him nnd installed Luttrell in d -fiance, not merely of law but of public decency. For on achievement of that kind Garfield was disqualified—di-'qua'ihod by the texture of his mind, by tho honesty of it's heart, by his conscience, and hy every instinct and aspiration of his nature. Tho three most distin-ptis'-od pnrliamep- tary leaders hitherto developed in this conn- try are Mr. Clay, Mr. Dongles and Mr. ThaddoriB Stevens. Each was a man of consnmmnte ability, of great earnestness, of intense personality, differing widely, each from the others, and yet with a signal trait in common—the power to command. In the give and take of daily discussion, in the art of controlling and consolidat ing reluctant and refractory followers; in the skill to overcome all foras of opposi tion, and to meet witji competency and conrage the varying phases of tmlookod for assault or unsuspected defection, it would be difficult to rank with these a fourth name in all onr Congressional history. Bat of these Mr. Clay was the greatest. It wonld, perhaps, be impossible to find in parliamentary annals of the world a paral lel to Mr. Clay, in 1841, when at sixty-fonr years of age no took the control ol the Whig party from the President who hn-i re ceived their snflrages, aga’nst the power of Webster in the cabinet, against tho eloquence of Choito in tha Senate, against tho Horculean efforts of Caleb Cashing and Henry A. Wise in the Honse. Iu nnshared leadership, in the pride and rlenti'ndeof power he bnrled only ;«rt*nctory duties to bo dit by the executive. With two hundred mill ions cf patrouogoin his hands at the open ing of Ihe contest, aided hy tha active force ot (toward in the cabinet end the moral power of Chase im the bench, Andrew John son could not command the support of one- third in cither House against the parjia- wenla*y uprising of which Thaddeus Ste vens was the animating spirit and tho un questioned leader. From these three groat men Garfield dif fered radically, differed in tbs quality of his mind, in temperament, in the form and phase of ambition. He coil'd not do what they diJ. bnt he could do what they could not; and in the breadth of his Corgression- at work l:e left that which will lonrer exert a potential influence among men. ami which, measured hy the severe test of p9*Uhatnoa* criticism,will secure a more en- dnrinz and more enviable fame. Those unfamiliar with Garfield's indus try. .uid ignorant of the details of his work, may, in some degree, measure them by the annals of Congress. No one of the generation of public men to which he be longed has eon tribnteJ ro much that will be vain rifle for future reference. His speeches are numerous, many of them bril liant, nil of ih-iu well studied, carefully phraz-.-d, and exhaustive of the subject un der consideration. Collected from die scattered pages of ninety royal octavo vcl- uuii-s of Congressional Ks-.-orU, they would present an invaluable compendium of the political history of the most important er,. through which the national government has ever pissed. When the history ot this prrioil shall be impartially written, when war legislation, mea-ures of reconstruc tion, protection cf human rights, amend ments to tiie constitution, mainten ance of the public credit, steps specie resumption, true of revenue may _ be F nusn-ronnded by prejudice and disconnected from partisanism, tho speeches of Garfield will bo estimated at tnuir true value, und will be found to com prise a vast magazine of fact and argu ment, of clear analysis nnd sound couolu- •sion. Indeed, if no other authority were accessible, his speeches iu the House of Representatives from December, 18C3, to June, 18S0, would give a well connected his tory and complete defense of tho important legislation of the seventeen eveutfal years that constitute his eventful life. Far be yond that, his speeches would be found to forecast many great measures, yet to bo completed—measures which he know wore beyond the pnblio opinion of the hour, hut whioti he confidently bolioved would secure popuhir approval within the period of his ary a lifetime, and by the aid of his own ef forts. Differing, as Garfield dues, from the brilliant Parliamentary leader*, it is not easy to find his counterpart anywhere in the record of American public life. He perhaps more nearly resembles Mr. Seward in his supremo faith in the all conquering powerof a principle. He.had tho lovo of learning and the patient industry of inves tigation to which John Quincy Adams owes his prominence and his Presidency. He had pome of those ponderous elements of mind which distinguished Mr. Webster, and which, indeed, in ail our public life have left tho great Massachusetts Senator without an intellectual peer. In the English parliamentary h’story, as in our own, tho leaders in the House of Commons present points of essential differ- onre from Garfield. But some of his meth ods recall the best features ia the strong, independent course of Sir Robert Peel, und striking resemblances are discernible in that most promising of modern conserva tives, who died to yearly for his country nnd his fame, the l<ord George Beulinok. He had all of Burke’s love for the subhtno and the beautiful, with, possibly, something of his superabundance; and iu his faith and his magnanimity, in his power of statement, in his subtle analysis, in his faultless logic, in his love of li:trature,.in his wealth mid world of illustration, one is reminded of that great Englishstntesman of to day,who outro-itcl with obstacles that would daunt any but tho dauntless, reviled by those whom he would relieve as bitter'y as by thofte whose supposed rights hd is forced t'i invade, still labors with serene courage for the .'melioration of Irelnud, and for the honor of the English name. Garfield’s nomination to the Presidency, while not predicted or anticipated, was not a sarprisa lo thecountry. His prominence in Congtess, his solid qualities, hi.s wide reputation, strengthened by his then recent election as Senator from Ohio, kept him i*i the public eye as n man occupying the wry highest rank among those entitled to be cal ed state-men. It was not more chance that brought him this high honor. “V\o must,"says Mr. Emerson, "reckon eucccss a constitutional trait. If Eric is iu robust health and has slept well and is at .the top of his condition, und thirty yeurs old at liis departure from Greenland, he will steer west and his ships will reach New Pound- land. Bat take Eric out and put in a stronger.a:;d bolder man and the ships will sail six hundred, one thousand, fifteen hun dred tniles fartner and reach Labrador aud New England. There is no chance in results.” As a candidate; Gnrflcld steadily grew in popular favor. He mot witii a storm of detraction at tho vorj hour of his nomina tion, and it continued with increasing vol ume nud momentum until the close of his victorious campaign.: No might nor greatness tn mortnlity ttui censure 'scape; backvouudiug calumny The whitest virtue strikes. Whnt king so strong ran tie the gull VP ifi the slanderous tongue? Under it all he was calm nnd strong, and confident; never lost his self-possession, did no unwise act. spoke no hasty, or ill- considered word. Indeed nothing in his who'e life is more remarkable or more creditable than his hearing through those five full months of vituperation—s pro- 1-nged agony of trial to a sensitive man, a constant -nd cruel draft upon the powers of moral endnrance. The great mass ol these unjust imputations passed unnoticed, and with tho general debris of tho cam paign felt into obliyion. Bat in n few in stances tbe iron entered bis soul and he died with tho injury unforgotten if not un forgiven. One aspect of Garfield’s candidacy was unprecedented. Never before, in tbe his tory of partisan contests jn this country, hail a successful presidential candidate spoken freely on psssinz events and cur rent issues. To attempt anything of thb kind seemed novel, rash, and even despe rate. The older class of voters recalled the unfortot ate Alabama letter, in which Mr. Clay was supposed to liavo signed his po litical death warrant. They rotcembere l also the kot-texpered enu-iou by which General Scott lost a large share of his pop ularity before his nomination, and the on- fortunate speeches which rapidly consumod tho remainder. The younger voters had seen Mr. Greeley in aseriesJof vigorous and original addresses, preparing tho pathway for his own defeat. Unmindful of these warnings, unheeding th* advice of friends, Garfield spoke to large crowds as he journeyed to nnd from New York in August, to a great multitude iu that city, to delegations and deputations of every kind that called at Mentor during tho summer aud autumn. With innumera ble critics, watchtul and eager to catch a phrase that might bo turned into odium or ridicule, or a sentence that might be di-torted to his own or his party’s injury, Garfield did not trip or halt :n any ono of his seventy speeches. This seems all tbe more remarkable when it is remem bered th.‘.t he did Dot writo what ho said, ani yet spoke with snch logical conteca- t.ver.Lvs of thought nnd such admirable precision of phrase as to de f y tho accident of misreport and the ma'ignity of misrep resentation. In tbe beginning of hi* presidential life, Garfie'd’s experience did not yield him pleasaro or satisfaction. The duties that engross so large a portion of the Presi dent’s time were distasteful to him, and were unfavorably contrasted with bis legis lative work. "I nave been dealing all these years witii ideas,” he impatiently ex?iaimed one day, "add here I am dealing only wi h persons. I h.avo been heretofore treating of the fundamental principles of govern ment, and here I am considering all day whether A or B shall be app-iuted (o this or that office.” He wa* earnestly seeking some practical wuy ot correcting tho evils arising from the distribution of overgrown and unwieldy patronage—evils always ap preciated nud often discu«sod by hint, bnt whose magnitude had been more deeply impressed upon his mind since his acces sion to the presidency. Had he lived, n comprehensive improvement in the inoio of puointment nnd in the tonnrt of office wonld have been proposed by him, aud with the aid of Congress no doubt per fected. Bnt, while many of tho executive duties were not grateful to him, be wasasriduaus and conscientious in their discharge. From the very outset he exhibited administrative wluelrwere recalled w?th delig^ih^d^rans- admiration f S& wdh pTo jSffith prWe. ability, and with that sk : ij which ccmes lines of hU political foes- Mr. Poesies helm of office with the hand of # master, —as invited, his quick decision when all had been h ard, conibired to show a thor oughness of mtctnl training as rare as his naturaUffflliiy and hi* facile adaptation to a new aTiae> lar.-e-l field of labor. With perfect comprehension of all the inheritances of Ihe war, with a cool calcu lation of the obstacles in his way, impelled always by u generous enthusiasm, Garfield conceived that much might be done by his administration towards res'ering harmony between the different sections of the Union. He was anx ous to go South and speak to the people. As early ss April he had inef- feetually endeavored to arrange for a trip to Nashville, whither he had been cordially invited, and he waa again disappointed a fow weeks later to find that ha could not go to South Carolina to attend tho centennial celebration of the v ctcry of Ihs Oowpens. But for the autumn lie definitely counted ou being present at three memorable as semblies in the South, the celebration at Yorktown, tbe opening of the Cotton Exposition at Atlanta, and the meeting of tho army of the Cumberland at Chattanoo ga, Ho was already turning over in his mi ud his address for each occasion, nnd tiie three taken together, he said to a friend, g.ivu him the exact scope and verge which lie needed. At Yorktown he would have before him the associations of a hundred years that boaud tha South and tho North in the sacred memory of a common dangar and a oomtnm victory. At Atlanta ho would preient-tha material interests and the industrial development which appealed to the thrift and independence of every household, and wlr'ch should unite tho two suctions by the instinct of self- interest and self-defense. At Chat tanooga he would revive memo ries of the war only to show that after all its disaster and Jill its suffer ing, the country was stronger nnd greater, the U-.ion rendered indissoluble, and the future, through the agony and blood of one generation, made brighter and better for all. Garfield’s ambition for the success of h ! s administration was high. With strong caution and conservatism in his nature, he was in no danger of attempting rash ex periments or of iesortiug to the empiri cism of statesmanship. But he be lieved that renewed nnd closer at tention shou’d bo giten to ques tions affecting tho material inter ests and commsrcial prospects of fifty mil lion* of poaple. He believed that our con tinental relations, extensive aud undevel oped as they are, involved responsibility, and could be cultivated into profitab o friendship or be abandoned to harmful in difference or lasting enmity- He believed with equal confidence that an essential forerunner to a new ora of national pro gress must be n feeling of contentment in every section of the Union, and a generous belief that the benefits aud burdens of S ivernmeut would bo common to all. im*elf a o-nspicuous illustration of what ability f.rnl ambition may do under repub lican institutions, he loved his country with a passion of patriotic devotion, a'.d every waking thought was given to her ad vancement. He was an American in all his aspirations, aud its looked to the destiuy and influence of the United States with the philosophic composure of Jefferson nnd the deinonrirntive confidence of Jonu Adams. ' Thu political event3 which disturbed the President’s serenity for many weeks be fore that fateful day in July, form an im portant chapter in his career, and, in his own judgment, involved questions of principle and of riyh which are vitally essential to the const i'.nrional administration of the Federal government. It would be out of place hero nud now to *peak the language of controversy; but the events refetred to, however they may continue to bo source of controversy with others, have become, so far as Garfield is concerned, as mnch a matter of history as his heroism at Unicka- mnuga or his illustrious service in ‘the House. Detail is not needful, nnd person al antagonism shall not lie rekindled by any word nl.eped to-day. The motives of those opposing him are not to be here adversely in- torpretid nor their coarse harshly char.ac tettzed. Bat of tho dead President this is to be said, and said because his own speech is forever silenced and he c <n be no more heard except tbrongh the fidelity and lcve of surviving friend*: From the beginning to the end of the controversy he s* much deplored, the President was never for one moment actuated by any motive of gain to himself or of less to others. Least of all men did ho harbor revenge, rarely did he even show resentment, and maln-e wns not in his nature. He was congenially em ployed only in the exchange of good offices and the doing of kindly deeds. There was not an hour, from the begin ning of tho tronb'o till the fatal shot en tered his bony, when tho President would not g'.adiy, for tha sake of restoring har mony. have retraced any step he h-sd taken if such retracing had merely involved con sequences personal to himself. The pride of consistenc, or nay supposed sense of humiliation that might result from surren dering his position, had not a feather’s weight with him. No man was ever less subject to such influences from within or from without. Bnt after most anxious de liberation and tho coolest survey of all the circumstances, ho solemnly believed that the true prerogatives of the executive were involved ia tho issue which lmd been raised, aud that he would be un faithful to his saVreme obligation if he failed to maintain, in all the-r vigor, the constitutional rights nud dignities of his great office. H* believed this in all the convictions of conscience when in sound and vigorous health, and he believed it in his suffering nnd prostration in the last conscious thought which hi* wearied mind bestowed on the transitory struggles of life. More than this need not be snid. Loss than thi- could not be said. Justice to the dead, the highest obligation that devolve: upon tho living, demands the declaration that in ail the benrinvs of theenbject, actu al or possible, the President was content in his mini, justified in his conscience, im movable in his conclusions. The religions element in Garfield’s char actor was deep and earnest. In his early youth be espoused the faith of the Disci pie*, a sect of that great Baptist C-ommun iou, which in different ecclesiastical estab- iismo-'ts is so numerous and so in fluential throughout all parts of the United States. But the broad ening tcudeucy of his mind and his active spirit of inquiry wore early np parent and carried him beyond the dog mas of sect and tbe restraints of associa tion. Id selecting a college iu which to coutiuue his education he rejected Betha ny, though presided over by Alexander Campbell, tbe greatest preacher ot his church. His reasons were characteristic first, that Bitbany leaned too neavily toward slavery ; and second, that being him<elf a Disoiplo and tho son of Disei' le parents, ho bad little acquaintance with people of other beliefs end he thought it wonld make him more liberal, quoting his own words, both in his religious nnd gener al views, to go into a now circle and be un der now influences. The liberal tendency which lie ontieipit- ed as the result of w.der culture w-.s fully realized. Hu was emancipated from mere sector an belief, nnd with eager interest pushed his investigations in the direction of modern progressive thought. Ho fol low d with quickening step in the paths of oxploration and speculation bo fearlessly trodden hy Darwin, by Huxley, by Tinda'l, and by other living sciont-sta of the radical nnd advanced type. His own church, bin fl ing its disciples by no formulated creed, bat accepting tuo Old and New Testaments as ths word of God, with unbiased liberty of private interpretation, favored, if it did not stimulate the spirit of investigation. Its members profess with sincerity, and profess only, to bo of one mind and one faith with those who immediately followed the Master, on 1 who were first called Chris tians at Antioch. • Bat however high Garfi-. ld reasoned of “fixed fate, f»ee will, foreknowledge ab solute,” he wa3 never separated from the Church of the Disciples iu his affections ami in his associutioas. For him it held the art of the eon n -nt. To him it was the f iats of heaven. The world of religious be- iuf is fall of solecism* nnd contradictions. A philosophic ob-erver declares that men hy the thousand will die in defense of a creed whoso doctrin-.s they do not compre hend and whose tenets the: habitually vio late. It is equally true that men by the tho iM}nd will cling to church organizations with instinctive au-i undying fidelity when their belief in matur-r )W is-radically diff irtui hum that which inspired them ts neophj tes. Bnt after this range of speculation, nnd this latitude of donbt, Garfield c into back always with fre line.*.* und delight to the simpler instincts of religions faith, which earliest implanted, longest snrrive. Not many weeks before bis assassination, walk ing on the banks of the Potomac with a friend, and conversing on those topics of personal religion, concerning which noble patareg iiarp an nnconqntrtble reserve, frequent recall as be went about Uie daily duties of life. Certain texts of scriptures had a very strong hold on his memory aud his heart. He heard, while in Ediuburgh some years ago,:ui eminent hootch preacher who prefaced his sermon with reading the eighth chapter of the Epistle to the Uomans, which book had been the subject of careful study with Garfield daring all his religions life. He wns greatly impressed by the elocution of the preacher cud de clared that it lmd imparted a new and deeper meaning to the utterances of Saint Paul. He referred often in after years to that memorable service, and dwelt with ex altation of feeling open the r tdinrt prom ise and tho assured hope with which the great apoatie of the Gentiles was “persuad ed that neither death, nor life, vor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to oorne, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate ns from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.” The crowuiuz characteristic of General Garfield's religious opinions, up. indeed, of nil his opinions, was ids liberality. In all tilings he hnd charit}. Tolerance was of hit nature. He respected in others Uie qualities which ho posseted h’tnself—sin cerity of conviction and fronknes* of ex pression. With him the inquiry was not so much what a man believe*, but does he believe it? The lines of bis friendship nod his confidence encircled uten of every creed, nu 1 men of no creed, nnd to the end of his life, on his ovtr-lougtheumg list of friends, were to be fonnd tho names of a pious Catholic piiesl and of an honest-ini'ded and generous-hearted free-thinker. On the morning of Saturdu}, July second, the President was a c mtented anil htippy inau—not iu au ordinary degree, but joy fully, almost boyishly happy. t)n hj» way to tiiorui : road station to which he drovo slowly, in conscious enjoyment of the bean- tiful morning, witii au unwonted sense of leisure nnd a keen anticipation of pleasure, his talk was all in the grateful aud gintula- tory vein. He felt that after four months of trial his administration wis strong in its grasp of affairs, strong in popular favor and and destined to grow stronger: that grave difficulties confronting him at i is in n :ura tion had been safely passed; that trouble lay behind him end not before him: that he was soon to meet the wife whom ho loved, now recovering from nn illness which had but lately disquieted and at times almost un nerved him; that he was going to his Alma Mater to renew the most cherished asso ciations of his yonng manhood, aud to ex change greetings with those whose deepen ing interest had followed every step of his upward progress from the day he entered upon his college courso until ho hud at tained the loftiest elevatiou in the gift of h's countrymen. Surely if happiness can ever come from the honors or trimnuhs of t'fls world, ou that quiet July morning James A. Gar field may well itavo been a happy man. No foruboaingsof evil haunted him; no slight est premonition of danger clouded his sky. His terrible fate was npon him iu au iu- stant. One moment he stood erect, strong, confident in 'he years stretching peacefully ont before hiot. The next he lay sounded, bleeding, helpless, doomed to weary weeks of torture, to silence, and the grave. Great in life, he waa surpassingly great in death. For no cause, in the very frenzy of wantounes* und wickhdncss, by the red hand of murder, he was thrust from the fall tide of this world’s interest, from its hopes, its aspirations, its victories, into th9 vi-ible presence of death—aud -ho did not quail. Not alone for the one short moment in which, stnuned nnd dazed, he could give np life, hardly aware ot its relinquish ment,' but through days of deadly languor, 1 hrongli weeks of agony, that was no less agony because silently borne, with clear sight and calm courage, he looked into his open grave. What blight and rain met his languished eyes, whose lips may ,teli—what brilliant, broken pans, wliit b.iffijd, hign umbilicus, what sundering of string, warm, man hood’s friendship*, what hitler reading of sweot home lin'd lies. Behind nim a pre ud. exp* clan', nation, a great hast of sit -tam ing friends, a cherished and happy mother, wearing the full, rich honors of her early toil end tears; tho wite of his youth, whose whole life lay ia hi*; the little boys not yet emerged from childhood’s day of frolic the fair, young daughter; the sturdy sons jest springing into closest compai-iotship, claim ng every day aud every day reward ing a father’s love and care; aud in his heart tho eager, rejoicing power to meet all demands. Before him. desolation aud great uarkuess! And his soul wa* not shaken. His countr, men were thrilled with instant, profound and universal sym pathy. Ma*terfuiin hi* mortal weakness he became th9 center of a nation’s love, enshrined ia th** prayers of a world. Bat all the lovs and nil the sympathy could not share with him his suffering. He trod tbe wine-press clone. With unfaltering f.-ont he faced death. With unf tiling ton Jeruess he took leave of life. Above tho demoniac hiss of tho assassin’s bullet ho heard the voice of God. W.th simple resignation ha bowed to the Divine decree. As the end drew near, his early craving for the sea returned. Ths stately mansion of power had i>eeu to him tho wearisome hospital of pain, aud he begged to be taken from its prison walls, from its oppressive, stifling nir, from its homel*s.*ness and its helplo->nes*. Uentl.r, silently, the love of a great people bore the pale sufferer to the longed-lor healing of the sea, to live or to die, as G'd should will, withiu sight of its heaving billows, withiu so-nd of its mani fold voice.*. Witii wan, fevered face ten derly lifted to the cooling breeze, he locked ou*. wistfully upon the ocean’s changing wonders; on its far s-tiis, whitening in the morning light; on itsiest- 'e.-s wave*, rolling shorewa’d to bra :k nud din beneath the noonday sun; on the red cloud* of evening, arching low to the hori zon; ou the sereno nnd eliitiirg pathway of the stars. Let as think that hts dy ing eyes read a inystio meaning which only the rapt and parting soul may know- Lot ns be lieve that in the silence of the rece ling world he heard the great waves breaking on a further shore, nud felt already upon his wasted brow the breath of the eternal morning. The address was concluded at 1:50, hav ing taken just one hour and a half in its delivery. As Blaine gave utterance to the last solemn words, the spectators brake into a storm of applause, which was not bushed far some moments. The ad dress was listened to with intense in terest and solemn silence, uubrokuti by any sound except by a sigh of relief (such as arises from a large audience when strong tension is removed from their minds) when the orator passed from his allusion to the differences existing in the Republican parly last spring. Tbe bene diction was then offered by Rev. Dr. Bill- lock, chaplain of the Seita;e. The marine baud played the Garfield dead march as the invited guests filed out of the chamber in the same order in which they had en tered it The Senate was the last to leave and then the House was called to oid:r by tha Speaker. Mr. McKinley, of Ohio, offered a reso lution of thanks to Mr. Blaine for the masterly address, which was unanimously adopted, and then the House adjourned. The Senate was only nominally in ses sion to-day, as it proceeded to the hall of ths House of Representatives Immediately after assembling at noon, and upon its return from the memorial services at 2 p. m. adjourned. Washing ray, February 28 —In the Senate, Mr. Windorn, from tiie committee **n foreign relations, reported an original resolution, instructing that committee lo inquire into all the circumstances con. ccming the alleged loss of leltets from the Department of State, and tho alleged ac tion of the diplomatic representatives of the United States to tbe republics of France aud Fern, it being charged that they wore personally conc'-meu tti con tracts, etc. The subject went over ono day under tbe ruh-s. The post-office appropriation bill was received from tho House and referred to the comrai.’eo on appropriations. Upon the close of tbe morning hour tlio (,’kineso bill catne up as unfinished business, but Mr. Miller, of Califuma, iu charge or the hill, temporarily yielded the 11-ior to Mr. Ferry, upou au urgent appeal of the latter to allow the House post route bill to be considered. Mr. Ferry said immediate ac tion ou tbe bill was necessary in order that new routes rai^lil be included iu tbe sprh’K lettings. The post roulo bill was the: proceeded with, and the amendments i f the iiena'e committee read aud agreed to. No appropriation Is contained in the bill. Tbe sections as amended were adopted, and the bill passed. The Honse resolution tendering thanks to lion. J. G. Blame for tho appropriate 1 address delivered by him ;n the Garfirid : memorial exercises \vcre,onni'.t ! o:iof Mr. j Sherman, taken from the presldeut’s tab’o ' aud C.wsoiri IU* Tbe Senate Insisted upon its amend ments to the immediate deficiency appro priation bill, aud Messrs. Allison, Plumb aud Beck were appointed conferees. The Senate then, at 2:30, took up the Chinese Immigration bill, to carry into effect the treaty b> suspending ibo com- ng uf Chinese laborers ior twenty years after tixty days succeeding tbe passage of the act. Mr. Miller, of California, who intro duced aud reported the bill, proceeded directly to the discussion of the merits of the measure, leaving tho amendment for future consideration. During Mr. Miller’s speech the habitues of the galleries were astonished hy the appearance in tbe diplo matic gallery of four members of the Cbirese legation. Being strangers they had been signt-seelng a’, the Capitol, and their visit 'was not prearranged. Upon being apprised of the subject under d's cussluit, they Immediately retired. Mr. Miller concluded at 4*05, after speaking for one hour aud forty minutes, The bill was infotmally laid aside to per mit action on the House bill to furnish impressions of the card of invitation to the Garfield memorial service, which was passed. The Senate at 4:15 went into executive session, and at 4:25 adjourned. HOUSE. Mr. Gibson, of Louisiana, introduced joint resolution for the appointment of a committee of sixteen members, seven from the Senate and nine front tiie House, to attend tbe celebration of the 200th ati niversiry ol tiie discovery of the mouth of the Misrisslppi river by La Saile, to he held iu New Orleans ou the 9th of April, 1882. Referred to committee on rules. He also presented a'meraorial of the Gov ernor and Legislature of Ireuisiaua on the subject, and it received similar reference. Mr. Kelly, of Pennsylvania, chairman of the committee on wavs and means, re ported the bill repealing tiie discriminat ing duties ou tea and coffee, the products of the possessions of the Netherlands. Passed. Ou motion of Mr. Reagan, of Texas, Ihe Senate bill appropriating $1CO,'JOO fo- contimiing the improvement of'Ga'res- ton harbor was taken fiont the Speaker's table and passed. Mr. Qiscock, chairman of the commit tee on appropriations, reported back the immediate deficiency bill with the Senate amendments, recommending concurrence in some ami tion-couciirrenoe in others of those atn-ndmeius. The rep rt was agreed to. Mr. Calkins, of Indiana, chairman of tha committee ou elections, submitted tbe repoit of that committee ou the contested elec ion case of Campbell vs. Cannon, ac companied by a resolution declaring that neither the contestant nor couteslce is cn- till>nl to a seat on the floor. He also sub- milted a minority report declaring Camp bell entitled to a sear, while Moulton, of Illinois, submitted a further resolution signed hy Atherton and n*rir Moulton and that Caution gate to Congress. The report was laid on the table tor future action. The llniue at 1:40 went into commit tee of the whole, Mr. McCook,, of New York, in the chair, on the military acade my appropriation bill. It appropriates $318,657. Speaking to a'formal amendment, Mr. Atkins, of Tennessee, entered upon a per sonal explanation regarding the attack upon liiimelf and several other members in tho columns of the New York Times. Every other member named a!s > relieved his mind on the subject. A tier consider able time bail been thus consumed, Mr. Blackburn called attention to tbe bill un der consideration, aud on his motion an mnen'inieiit was adopted appropriatiti $10,000 lor astronomical instruments to equip the new ob:ervatory at the acade my. Tne committee then rose aud re- po-ted the hill to the House, when it was passed- Mr. Robinson, of New York, (by rc- quisi) introduced a bill to ergantze the National Labor-League Railway Compa ny of America, for the purpose of con structing, operating and maintaining a railway from the' Atlantic seaboard to Chicago, St. Louis aud Couucil Bluffs. I*, provides, for the purpose of establishing equal rights iu commerce among the Stales, aud for the purpose of securing a railway highway under such civil control as to prevent combinations agtinst the public good, a commission uiuler the name of the National Board of Inter-State Transportation. In the list of names appear the following: Francs II. Thurber, Titos. Kiusella, A. B. Mullett, J. II. Eclesine, J. Pope Hod: e t, Nicholas Miller and Wiu. U. Grace, who, with thair colleagues, are authorized to carry out the purposes of this act hy determin ing upon the terminal p ints of the road to be constructed, and to issue a capital stock to the exteut of $10,009,003. It fur- th jr provides that when the ro ;il shall have been const meted to Counci 1 Bluff* it may b i continued to San Francisco, a .id in aid of its construction grants to it every alter- uale section of unoccupied public lands through whiclt it utay pass for fifty miles on each side oftiii irtek. Iu order lo relieve the wauts of labor, depressed by the contraction of the currency, wo. kmen employed in building the railroad shall be paid by the government $1 a day, and the remainder ot his wsges iu cortificutcs of indebtedness, receivable iu 3 G5 per ceut. bonds. The bill was referred. The Speaker announced Messrs. Ilis- eo:k, Robeson and Cox as the Uouso con ferees on the immediate deficiency hill. Adjourned. Washington, February 23.—The Senate confirmed James It. jolly, collec tor of customs for the district of tbe Teche, La , Christopher J. Terrell, post master at Terrell, Texes. The decrease of the public debt for the montliof February will be about $9,000,000 being about $2,000,000 less than the av erage decrease since June last. Tbe fall ing off is due to the heavy payments made during February, one item of whiclt was about $9,000,000 on accou t of pensions. The comptroller of the currency li«s au thorized the first National Bank of Co lumbus, Mississippi to commence busi ness with a capital ol $80,000. Iu tbe Senate executive session to-day, the nominations of Messrs. Conkling and Sargent were reported favo-ably from the committees and were placed ou the calen- dar, under the rule which requires all re ported nominations to lie 'o7cr until the next executive session. No request was made for tbe suspension of the rule, and nothing was said about the uomluations beyma the formal report from the com mittee. which the resolution introduced hy iw»- solf referred, aud the one wIiLk he con sidered m. st important, is whether or mat tbe intervention of the Unite1 Statcete Hie affairs of neutral gverwuenuhal teew implied !y or expressly understoo.1. Ti.-c^ he said, was the danger. Tho war-making power was in tiie Congieas, aud it war to the Scuats of the greatest moment that there should he tio Implication ot thisgreM- power hy way nf media tan hy auv »dt- vi.lual or in any manner o>ber than ia accordance with a grave execution of iu power* under tiie constitution. Uetletw- fore moved to amend l>y adding as a .spe cific subject of inquiry the f.fllocinji Whether any promise or stipulation fcp whiclt intervention by the United States iu the controversies existing hriwoew Chili and Ptru, or Chili and Bolivia, hew been expressly or impliedly given by up person cr persons officially conneeted-wiCh the govcrtiuier.t of the United hiatus, or whether its influence has been in any way exerted, prom*id or intimated in owiiaee- llon witii or relation to said c.-minifls hy any one officially connect'd with tin} (sv- erumcni of the United Mates. Messrs. Wiiidum aud E lm:nid ; esplwh*- ed that the language replied by ll:! (wa in i lice bad beet: carefully chosen, so ac to make the itiqui y io full that no posa ble circumstance iff-cting tiio V.aiaf States could escape. Therefore tv lac not been liiuituil to any apicifc i.sutor. They had not auy objectin'!* is tins aiuendutvut, if tlio Senator, Mr. Gtysrei, [thought it uecessary. Mr. Bayard L stat ed upon his motion, and Iris aiuentinsenl prevailed w illiout objection. The n vla- tioi i', as amended, were a.iopteu. The following hills were i;i'.rr.!r.c«i. By Mr. Kellogg, appropriating forth: C'liutructioti ot a nwblie feotldiag for cou;thouse and post-office p.iroseafl Opelousas, La , end appropriating $KMkr 000 for a public building for like purpo ses at Shreveport, La. After the morning hour, the unf.u>die* business (the Chinese biP) was tcuipncart- ly laid aside for a speech hy Mr.'Voethssr • •ii the urgency of better accommndhiMtk? for the library of Cougress, the now li brary bill being taken up informally tar that purpose. ’At the close of Mr. Voae- hces’ remarks, Mr. Bayard suggested that unless some othsr Senator desired Fxtc- cuss the subject, a vote should beat eax taken upon the bill. Messrs. Hani* aad Ingalls objected, the latter giving liuttaswf his intention hereafter to more a :eeoac- n-itta! of tho bill, with inst.-uctiojusie (te committee to provide for an enlarncecwG. el tbe library in the Capitol. The feffi was accordingly laid aside. The Seawfle resumed consideration of theCMneceWM am: Mr. Hoar opposed it at lengt/v Mr. Hoar yielded the floor at Cff, having been attentively heard tor mem two ii: uts. The bill was then laid orwr as unfinished business lor to morrow. Messrs. J mas, of Louisiana, and (Iwr- laud ini-minced bills to provide for o«wc mail service between the United *jti l J/il'-tmem I fn ei;:n ports j-Witlcal with the Ml was the duly eleeA,. | 92 c^-i^on tha 2-V!i — * ‘ Mr. Moreyrrctn the committee on peWt- 2 Hires. • Air. K llogg introduced a rcsolutna te an appre-ptiationtor educational puipo- ae«, as follows : Whereas, the prosperity and happiaetK ot the people, the preservation cf liberty and of a repulicau form of gOTa*- tuvnt depend upou mental diieipKae and a general diffusion ot knowing*,, which itt their turn depend upsa the education of the misses of the C;:iu na»- ty ; and Whereas, (In preservation of I lie iu- tional governments republican ic form is as much dependent upon the: education of the people as is that sff the Mates ; and Whereas, it ignorance is an evil, mernae for its removal should he mo t ti-reag- ly directed where that evil 13 n. v: extaw- sive, especially since illiteracy snd pov erty exist together, while wcalth^aml tw~ teiligence go hand iu ban 9 tiwae- lore be it Revolted, That it is Uie duly toffee general government, iu self deli-use and for self preservation, to provide the useaes necessary, whenever the people iff ate Mates as such are unable or would Jmdfe- proportionatcly burdened by th : UxaiaaD requisite, or for any reason fill, to give every child a good common sciim! mbs ca tion, and be it further Resohed, That the commit toe cln edu cation and labor be instructed tn report, at au early day a bill, with suitable safe guards to secure its econoraieil mad proper application, making approprritleM of such sums of money as shall be dec-wed, when combined with thereveiiutu «i need from local taxation and the inctune flaw local funds, sufficient to give lo all d£- tlren of whatever race or eotor In *C1 States and Tcrritorks ot theUni:"dSiata- an opportunity to secure a good camaaw school education. The Senate then adjourned. HOUSE. The Speaker laid before the (loose-« message lro*n the President traiutaitziBg^ in reply to the House resolution of tte 24th ult., copies of letters from the Secre- taiy of tlio Treasury and chairman of tbe civil sen-ice commission, from which the President states it will be ser-n thattte appropriat ion of $15,000 made at the last session of Congress for the promotion of (te efficiency of the civil servie-i is still wea pended, aud that iu orik r lo execute fee provisions of sec! ton 1753 of tho revised statutes, an annual appropriation <A $25,000 will bo necessary: Referred. Under tho call ot tbe committee* • number of hills were reported and refemd to the committee of tlio whale. Us. Waite, ot Connecticut, from ths comnis«B on elections, reported a resolution dis missing the contested election case te Lanier vc. King from tbe fifth district te Louisiana. Adopted. The House at 2:15 went in’o eotmaSBee of the whole, Mr. Page, of California,«a the chair, on the Indian approprisueo bill. The total amount appropriated m $4,920,201, an increase over last yeoc of $35,GOO, ar.d a decrease of (921/KS tram the estimates. The amount it tuaCo up of the (ollowiug items: For fntfititad treaty stipulations’, including tiie pay te inspectors and interpreters and for sencies $2,871,285 01; for trauapnvtaSaw $275,000; removal, settlement and ■ehste- ence of tribes, $1,135,500; general lad- dental expenses $170,000; mlseellaaaoc^ $563,200; interest on trust fund tlosac, $99,218 Several amendments were offered z*& rejected. At 4:45 the reading of the rill was completed, when the committee rase aud reported it to the House, and it vm pasted. Air. IlarJenburg, of New York, by re quest, introduced a bill to extend Indefi nitely the corporate ex’stence of natianal banking associations which was referaetS, and the House adjourned. . Waaliinxtou Gossip. Washington, March 1.—The Pcete dent to-day nominated L. L. Lewie, tx United States attorney for tha eastern te lnet of Virginia. James 51. Tarble, coilon- tor of customs for tbe district of Beam- cola, F’a. and to be postmasters, Maty E. Wiley, Huntsville, Tex.; Fred-wieSc G. Humphreys, Pensacola, Fla., and Matthew P. Rue, Norfolk, Va. The House committee on education mai labor decided to-day to make an adeem report lo tho House upon the bill wLufe had been referred to them, providing te the disposition of unclaimed bounty tciwtar dne to colored soldiers by applying *he the support of certain colored inslIfctCoae iu the South. %- The House coramitleo on minec swd tt ining agreed to-day to report te fee House a substitute for tho bill whlelt -ex cludes Alabama Bom the provisions te the act which allows certain mineral lauds to bo disposed of as agrierdtix-a’ lands. The substitute proposes to excixCr. Alabama in the operation of tbe tOL The committee also agreed to report tc tiie House favorably the bill to prefect any but the owner of a mining ciiiae. from cutting timber on said claim. Washington, March 1.—In the Sen* ate, Mr. Vest introduced a hill to prohibit the issue of bank notes or currency by national banks that may he organized or reorganized after tbe first of July, ISS2. He said he saw by the papers this morn ing that the Attorney General had de clared an official opinion to the effect that tinder the existing laws, without addi tional legislation by Congress, national batiks could continue their existence with tbe game privileges and powers now con ferred by the existing statutes. By the report of the comptroller of currency it appeared that three hundred and ninety- three of these institutions wou’d go ont of existence between May 1, 13S2, and July 1, 1883, without legislation. Then the presert banking system must con tinue for an indefinite period of time. He simply desired to bring this question fairly and squarely before tho representa tives of the people, and for that reason in troduced a hill which provides that Ihe feature tf tlio present law which confers upou tbe national batiks the power to is sue currency upon bonds of tbe United Mates, shall cease as to banks organized or reorganized after July I, 1882. Ilq be lieved, if be might be permitted to say so, that the committee on finance was op posed to any such legislation, aud if they were, (te hoped his bill would not be consigucd to tbe tomb of the Capulets, but that it would be reported back, either favorably or unfivorahly. The resolutions reported yesterday from the conimilitee on f trrdgn relations for an investigation of the loss or abstraction front the Mate Department of dipmatic correspondence relating to Cnitf and Pe ru, and as to auy improper connection of diplomatic or oilier officers or tnambers of (Jongruss «;ith cou’racts or arrange ments iu regard to claims against or “I hexed,” said Labouchcro ia hto paper, the London Tru'.U, “of a ball tbe dior day in average middle class ‘society,’ at trlidb less than 200 people were present, ool Ui liquor consumed between 9 p. m. and ' a. amounted to seventeen dozen of dnn| .igx*. rry. twelve i : -fl brssdy. best lie- -iverul .lorei* >>f riarThe sefiM et menu ... --- - “c-" * ” I tin* llnnle wa* siin-' t levt-lx-r. 'ira lur i* tbsel grints derived from those countries, were J .icc-iiwd «t the oi the. tit taken uo. Mr. Bay a r d said tiie poiu(,to chapter of Harry Lorrciuer."