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SOUTHERN = FARM = NOTES.
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.__\TDPICS OF INTEREST TO THE PLANTER, STOCKMAN /INO TRUCK GUWER,
; Handligg Sweet Potatoes.
'~ Some months ago I said I would
give my plan to keep sweet potatoes.
1 take a turn plow and drag off the
wines, barring them off shallow, at
the same time plowing them up with
the same plow, going deep enough
mot to cut them., In this way it
_fhrows them out, so they can be
found without much trouble. Puat
three rows together, being careful
mot to pitch them so far as to bruise
them against one another. Then I
take small sacks (corn or meal feed
sacks) and go over the rows and
, plck up the large ones. Two hands
to the sack. In this way they will
mot be bruised, the sack not being
too full.
Then go back and take up the
plantings, in the same way, filling
the sack full as can behandled. They,
being small, will not bruise like the
large ones. Let the sacks be small
and slazy just so they will hold to
place for the hill. Set five or six of
the sacks in the hill, these being the
sorriest ones with no kainit or salt
about them-though I have used
kainit sacks where they had been
washed by raings or hand. Then
formr the hill around the hill sacks
that I set in the middle with loose
potatoes and on top. This shapes up
my hill. The sacks give ventilation.
+ L hill on high, elevated land, if I
ean, where it is deep sand, putting
straw about two inches deep, dirt
about the same, leaving a place on
top about as large as my hat with no
dirt. Have the straw about four
faches thick right on the top, then
make a hole with my hand through
to the potatoes and leave them so all
winter, I can go along every day
and run my hand in and see if my
polatoes are sound or not.
Then I go to work and build a
shelter over them to keep the dirt
dry. 1 built my shelter some years
ago and have used it ever since. By
this plan you see 1 keep my placei
dry yvear in and year out. In spring
romove all rotten ones so as not to
+fest the land with the rot. My
jelter is ten feet wide, thirty-two
iyt iong, four feet high behind and
ven in front, fronting the east,
"\rdlng up the back and north end,
“e to edge front and south end
b enough te keep out the stack,
nocking down the front for hilling
and taking up. I take off about two
Pehind to get dirt to hill or throw |
put in taking up plantings. l
Well, let's go back to the field.
Now I use a one-horse wagon with
body on. J don’t put them in like
they are rocks or corn. I set them
in with care not to bruise and go to |
the hill and pour them out as careful i
as I can. Now in this way I have
handled my potatoes as few times as
it can well be done.
Dig after first frost, a fair day and l
fet dry good. I
As to marketing potatoes, well,
I'm not a big farmer, and I know
there are others that can write more
interestingly how to cultivate than 1
ean, but if this does not go to the
waste basket I may try to say some
thing later about cultivating them. 1
I sold a few potatoes last year that
¥ kept up with—l 26 bushels. They
drought me $lOO. I got them off
about an acre; fed the small ones to
my hogs. I have sold this year 108
bushels for $B5.
1 handle my potatoes one bushel
to the sack, then have no trouble any
more Lo measure them where my cus
tomer wants a bushel.
® have them clean and not skinned
up and good measure.
Now, reader, if you try next year
to raise potatoes, don't try to plant
your whole crop of potatoes and
make a failure like the man I saw
mentioned in the Progressive Farmer
gome years ago did, and say your
mnrd won't make them.—D. Powell,
Rocky Mount, N. C, in the Progres
give Farmer.
Soy Beans and Cowpeas.
The soy bean and cowpea may be
successfully grown on almost any soil
of reasonable fertility. Like the
common fleld pea, both require good
drainage and easily suffer from ex
gessive wet, but will do much better
during periods of dry weather. For
the best results a good corn soil
ghould be chosen. If properly inocu
lated, both crops will do well where
gorn would suffer seriously from lack
of nitrogen. For use in a regular ro
tation they should precede corn or
winter wheat. In the latter case the
ground does not need to be plowed
for the wheat. |
The preparation of the soil should
be similar to that best suited to corn.
1t should be deeply plowed and the
‘seed bed made fine and mellow. A
RRTh s I R S ) '
ook, dsep seed bed i cesentlal, to,
warm weather plants and should not
be sown early in the ceason. As a
general rule the best time to sow is
after corn planting is finished and
the soil has become thoroughly
warm. The seed should be deeply
covered. It should be sown in drills,
I and the crops cultivated like corn un
til the soy bean blooms and the cow
pea begins to vine. For grain pro
duction, drilling and cultivating are
always best, but for hay production
fair results may be secured from
broadcast seeding on ground free of
lweeds. The rows should be thirty
two inches apart for the soy beans
and twenty-four inches apart for the
cowpea, and both seeded at the rate
of twenty to twenty-five pounds of
’seed per acre for the medium-sized
l varieties. Seeding may be done with
a wheat drill set at two bushels per
acre on the wheat scale, and with
the holes not needed stopped up.
Thick seeding is detrimental to seed
production.
Some soils need to be inoculated
with the proper bacteria for one or
both crops before satisfactory results
can be secured. This need can only
}he determined by trial and by exam
ination of the roots for the nodules.
;If needed, inoculation may be bhest
accomplished by sowing before the
last harrowing when preparing the
geed bed, 200 or 300 pounds per
acre of soil taken from a field where
ltho crops have been grown and the
'bacteria are known to exist. With
out the bacteria the crops must se
[cm‘e their nitrogen from the soil,
‘and under such conditions draw
‘heavily upon its fertility.
' - For hay production the cowpea
will generally give best results. It
shonld be cut when the first pods be
gin to ripen and cured as in the case
of clover. Rither the Early Black
eye, Whippoorwill, New Era, Michi
gan Favorite, Iron, Clay, Red Ripper
or unknown varieties may bhe used.
For grain production either crop
may be used in the South, but in the
northern portion of Indiana the soy
bean will usually be most profitable.
The Ito San, Early Browns and Me
dium Early Yellow (late) are among
the best varieties.
Harvesting should be done when
most of the leaves have fallen and
most of the pods are ripe. An old
fashioned self-rake reaper or a mow
er with a side delivery attachment
will be found satisfactory for har
vesting. Threshing may be done
with the ordinary threshing machine,
with the lower concave removed and
replaced by a board and run at low
speed. A corn shredder may also be
used for threshing.—A. T. Wiancko,
Purdue University.
Meat in the South.
The Washington Post has this to
say about the meat scandals and the
South’s relation to them:
“It seems in order to say, however, ’
that at least Southern towns, cities
and communities have no right to
complain. If at any time they have
suffered, either in their stomachs or
their pockets, because of the high
price or the unwholesome character
of Chicago meat products, they have
only themselves toblame. There has
never been the smallest reason why
they should not feed themselves from
‘their own herds, flocks, fields, dairies
‘and barnyards. The South is rich in
farming and grazing lands, and the
inhabitants thereof can raise beef
cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry and veg
etables of the very finest quality and
in unlimited quantity if they choose.
Why need they go to Chicago, Kan
sas City, Omaha or any other distant
market for food which they can pro
duce themselves? And if they per
sist in a policy so unnecessary and
g 0 improvident, they might have the
grace to realize that it is their fault
and refrain from condemnation of
others. The pastures of the South
can turn out as good beef and mut
ton as the stockyards of Chicago can.
Southern farmers are capable of fur
nishing as high-class butter, milk,
eggs, ete., as any farms in lowa or
Kansas. Why, then, do not the
Southern people help themselves in
stead of calling upon Hercules to
help them and filling the air with
complaint and imprecation when he
fails to answer to their satisfaction?
“We do not pretend to pronounce
upon the truth, or lack of truth, in
all these nauseous denunciations of
the packing houses. We are quite
sure, however,that the Southern peo
ple would be in much better business
to set about the task of caring for
themselves. It is not at all necessary
for them to be dependent on import
ed food of any kind. When they be
?ail the hardships inflicted on them
y the Western trusts, they remind
us of nothing so much as of the
‘Texas ranch owner, thirty years ago,
R . i
‘TRAINS CRASH;
} ’
- *SCORE KILLED
%
} el
;Digastrous Collision Betw:ea Pas
- senger and Freight oa Seaboard.
| T
‘AN IMPACT MOST DEADLY
{
E S
First Reports Placed the Kilied at Twen
~ ty-Nine and the Irjured [wenty-Five.
Majority of Victims Were Nzgroes.
| e
; Twenty-nine persons were killed and
;twenty-five injured in a head-on col
élision between a Seaboard Air Line
passenger train ard an extra freight
train one mile from Hamlet, N. C., Sat
urday nigit. Nearly all those killed
were colored passengers.
- The known dead are: Engineer F.
B. Lewis, of the passenger train;
Fireman Tom Hill, colored, of the pas
senger train; negro fireman, name
unknown, of the freight; H. S. Byrd,
baggage master., Probably twenty
five others unidentified.
Railrcad men, citizens and the pas
sengers who escaped injury began
working heroically to recover the dead
and injured imprisoned in the wreck
age.
Both the second and first-class
coaches were overturned, and it is
feared that the death list will be sadly
augmented before the work of the
rescuers is completed.
The blame for the wreck has not
been placed. The passenger train, it
is said, had no orders to meet the
freight, and it is the presumption that
the freight overlooked its orders., One
report ascribes the cause of the wreck
to have been a lap order, stating that
the passenger train had orders to meet
the freight at Hamlet, while the
freight’s orders were to meet the pas
senger train at Rockingham.
The persons injured in the wreck
were. sent to Charlotte on a special
train. There are five white and eigh
teen colored, and -these were dis
tributed among the Charlotte hospi
tals.
A dispatch received at the Seaboard
Air Line general offices stated
that 19 bodies and 23 Injured per
sons had been taken from the wreck.
The first news of the disasler that
reached the headguarters of the road
was a brief message about midnight
reporting that a wreck had occurred
on the Seaboard at Hamlet and tha.tlj
up to the time of the filing of the
report tha dead extricated from the
wreck numbered 19, and the injured
as then known reached 23. Train No.
44 is a through . train, north bound
from Florida to New York, passing
through Hamlet, which is a junction
joint.
LAEOR ENTERS POLITICAL ARENA,
Promised ‘‘Campaign Progrom’ is Sent
forth by federation Otficials.
The executive council of the Ameri
can Federation cf Labor, Sunday,
made good its deelaration of several
months ago to enter the field of poli
tics in the interest of the trade union |
movement and to exbort all members
and friends of organized labor to work
for the election to political offices ot
men known to be favorable to la
bor’s cause. From the headquarters
of the federation at Washington the
council has issued its “campaign pro-|
gram” addressed “to all organized la
bor and friends in the United
States.”
LINEMEN’S STRIKE INEFFECTIVE, |
T \
Southern Bell Telephone Company and Em=
ployes Settle Trouble. |
Officials of the Southern Bell Tele
phone Company announce that the
strike of the linemen and wire work
ers that has been in existénce for
some -weeks, has been calied off as
a result of a conference held in At
lanta. The strikers were contending
for recognition of the union, which
~ Manager Peter Nix states lias not
been granted by the comapany. All of
' the strikers who have not been sig
- nelly active against the interests of
the company during the strike will be
~ reinstated.
| CHILDREN LOSE LIFE IN FIRE.
Were Cut Oif From Escape by Flames in
| Burning Home.
.~ Two children of Mr. and Mrs. R.
- W. Wimbish of Savannah lost their
lives in a fire which destroyed the
home of their grandfather, Mr. W. G.
Jordan, at Fort Valley, Wednesday
night.
All the inmates of the house were
asleep and before the fire was dis
covered it had made such headway
that it was impcssible to get into
the bed room where the two children
were sleeping.
BY VOTE OF PEOFLE
Railroad Commnissioners of Georgia
Will be kiected it This Houce Bill
Becomes a Law.
By the largest vote recorded at the
present session of tne Georgia Louse
of representatives the bill of Mr
Kelly of Glascock to make the state
railroad commissioners elective by di
rect vote of the people, was passed
Wednesday by a vote eof 152 to 4,
and immediately transmitted to the
senate. ‘
Under the terms of the bill a suc
cessor to Commissioner Joseph M,
Brown, whose term expires October
15, 1907, will be elected by the people
at the geaeral election to be held in
October, 1906, a second commissioner
wiil be elected in Oectober, 1908, to
succeed the commissicner whose term
expires October 15, 1909, and at the
election to be held in October, 1910,
the third commissioner will be elect
ed to succeed the incumbent, whcse
term expires October 15, 1911. The
term of office of the commissioners
will remain as they now are, six years
each.
Dr. T. J. M. Kelly of Glascock, the
author of the bill, made the following
statement with regard to the bill:
“The measure was intended in no
sense as one of political significance.
Nor is it aimed at any of the present
railroad commissioners. It was pro
posed in deference to the growing
sentiment of the people of the statz
that these officers should be elected
by the people.
“I have the highest respect for each
of the five candidates now running for
governor, but the bill was not drawn
and advocated by me in the interest
of any of these candidates.”
LYNCHING CASE IS APPEALED.
Lower Court Quashes Indictments Against
Alleged Slayers of Johnson.
Judge Thomas J. Shaw, presiding
at the special term of Union eounty
superior court at Monroe, N. C., Wed
nesday afternoon, entertained a mo
tion to quash the indictments against
the alleged lynchers of J. V. Johnsan,
on the ground that they could not
properly be brought in Union coun
ty. The counsel for the state except
ed and appealed to the supreme court.
The tweniy defendants were held in
$5,000 bond each for their apearance
at the next term of Union superior
court, by which time a decision mdy
have been reached by the state’s higa
est court.
The case of Zeke Lewis is the one
at issue, and if the supreme ecourt
holds that the effect of the revisal
of the oode by which a portion of
the statute was not brought forward,
has the effect of annulling the provis
ion for trying the case in another
county, they will dcubtless be re
manded to Anson, the county in which
the lynching occurred for trial. if
the court holds otherwise, the cases
will be heard at some future term
of court in Union county.
KNOCKS OUT SUFFRAGE BILL.
Disfranchisement Measure Not Favored by
Georgia Legislative Committee.
The proposition to disfranchise the
negroes of Georgia received a decis
ive blow Wednesday afternoon when
considered in the committee of the
house of representatives on constitu
ticnal amendments.
The caption of the bill provides that
the constitution shall be so amended
that in addition to the qualifications
now required by law of all voters
there shall be required an educational
qualification. This qualification in
cludes the ‘‘grandfather” exemption
clause.
“I move,” said Mr. Hall of Bibb,
“that we report the bill with the
recommendation that it do not pass.”
“All in favor of the motion,” said
Chairman Perry, “will signify it by
saying aye.” There was a chorus
of ayes.
“All opposed will signify it by say
ing naq.”
Not a voice was raised, and thus
petered out a second attempt in the
house of representatives to disfran
chise negroes in Georgia.
FIVE D:E IN MINE HORROR,
Gas Explosion Results from Carrying Gas
oline Lamp into Pit.
As a resunlt of a gas explosion in
the Dixon Mine at FHuger, W. Va,
Wallace Mitchell and four miners,
Ernest Jones, Palmer Harris and Rob
ert Harris, brothers, and John Gil
more are dead, and Bill Crouse and
Langdon Whiteside will die from
burns and shock.
The explosion was caused by the
men having a gasoline lamp in the
bucket, while descending, the light
igniting an accumulation of gas.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A FORES®
TREE. '
Easy to Read if you Take Boring
and Know How to Interpret Them,
" The forester reads the history of
tree in great detail. After takir
out a few “borings’ to the Center .
the tree at differep: heights and cour
ing the rings on them he may sp
you such/a yarn gs, this:
“This eig 150 years old—(1
rings at|ithe base) During its fir
five year§ it grew only \Seven inch
(145 rings seven inches "™ from t
base). idently it then began
tonch crgbns with other saplings,
it took p spurt and put on fifte
inches d year steadily till it was
years 01l (40 rings 441-2 feet ab¢
ground) 4
“It wgi not growing as fast as
neighbos however, for at this pc
it begar to be oversmw,
growth \e3lined for the n Iyé
to as 11-QL; as four inches a year
rings at4B feet and 50 at 50 feet
“Just fn time to save its life, s¢
thing hipened to its big neight
presumiply a wind-storm—let’s
that waojid be in 1806—and it re
ed a steddy growth of about six in
a year, having passed its fa
growing{time. ’
“Its gowth in thickness do
seem tejhave varied much; aboj
inch evary three years; but it
faster aad faster in volume, of c¢
at its legiht increased; a little
a cubicifoot a year in its prir
life, I should judge.
“Abof thirty years ago it r¥
maturitd4 and stopped growit
height @0 rings at the top ¢
main stam), and now it is apy
ing old dge (the last rings are
thin). Hold on a minute; h¢
false ing—twenty—forty—f
years bipk. Two very thin |
see? instead of one thick one.
that something interrupted th
ing season—probably a late f¢
us ask the oldest inhabitant.
And tie chances are ten to
oldest inhabitant remembers t
spring otf 1860 and has heard
the gre?' wind in 1806.—A
Magazing.
;___‘_____.__————-
OTHER NECTAR PREFE]
“Does your wife ever sus]
of drinking when you kiss !
“She suspects me of drinl
kiss her.”
The Pope’s residence at Ro
its treasures in money, is se
ceed $150,000,000 in value.
Coe il e
MOTHER WIT.
Bell—“ Has your fiance |
relatives?”
Maude—“ Yes, his grandfa
ter is worth millions.”
Belle—“Ah! then he hi
auntticipations.” :
WILLING TO GO THR
Maud—“ You’ll have lots
through if you marry Dick
Belle—“I know it. That
gon I'm marrying him.”
Despise not the humble
claims the Atlanta Constitu
pure food.
BACK TO PULPI
What Food Did For a C]
A minister of Elizabetl
how Grape-Nuts food br
back to his pulpit: ‘“Son
ago I had an attack of wi
to be La Grippe, which I¢
complete state of collapse
fered for some time wi
prostration, My appetiti
lost flesh until I was a me
life was a burden to me, .
est in everything and
everybody save my precic
“Then on the recomm
some friends I began
Grape-Nuts food. At thal
g miserable skeleton, wi
t',te and hardly able to !
the room; had ugly drea:
no disposition to entertai
tertained and began to s
“I finally gave up the 1
istry, indeed I could noi
thoughts on any subject,
almost a hermit., After
using the Grape-Nuts foo -
time I discovered that I
on new life and my appe!
improve; I began to slee
my-weight increased ste
lost some 50 pounds, b
new.food regime I have
most my former weigt
greatly improved in eve:
“I feel that I owe mu
Nuts and can truly rec
food to all who requir¢ |
rehuilding agent delici
and always welcome.”
by Postum Co., Battle
A true natural road tor
or hold it, is by, use
Grape-Nuts and cream,
night. Or have the foc
some of the many del
given in the little recip
in pkgs.
Ten days’ trial of Gra :
many. “Ths2re’s a reas
Look in pkgs. for a
famous little book, ‘“
Wellville.” .