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% WnkIt] /atnih} 3SBnt0paptr—fEtratrh in tip interests nf fyt National fntwrraftr ^arhj, libratarf, tlit Markets, foreign ntiit Samestir 30nns, &r.
B. F. BENNETT, Editor and Publisher.
“ Equality in the Union or Independence out of it.”
TERMS—TWO DOLLARS a-year, in Advance.
VOL. X.
CASSYILLE, GEO., THURSDAY, OCT. 14, 1858.
NO. 38.
Jpkrtkmtnts.
JOB OFFICE.
The Standard Office being well supplied
with a large variety of the best kinds of print
ing materials, we are prepared to do all kinds
JOB IP^USTTIHSTGr,
in the best style of the art, and at short no-
tice. .
Having just received a large quantity of all
kinds, and the latest styles, ot plain and fancy
Cuts, Ornaments, Ac., and having one of
“Hoe’s Lightning Hand Presses,” we can do
as nice printing as can be done at any office :n
the State, and at as low terms.
Particular attention will be paid to the
printing of
Blanks, of all kinds, Blank Notes, Pro
grammes, Hand and Show Bills, Posters, Ac.
We respectfully solicit the patronage ot the
E ublic, with the assurance that all orders will
e promptly and faithfully executed.
1 B. F. BENNETT,
Cassville, Ga. Publisher.
Laws of Newspapers.
1. Subscribers who do not £.ve express no
tice to the contrary, are considered as wishing
to continue their subscriptions.
2. If subscribers order the discontinuance of
their newspapers without settling all arreara
ges, the Publisher may continue to send them
until they are paid for.
3. If subscribers neglect or refuse to take
their newspapers from the ofTices to which they
are directed, they are held responsible until
they have settled the bills, and ordered a dis
continuance.
4. If subscribers remove to other places with
out informing the Publisher, and the newspa-
C ers arc sent to the former direction, they are
eld responsible.
5. It has been decided by the Courts that
subscribers refusing to take their newspapers
from the office, or removing and leaving them
uncalled for, is prima facie evidence of inten
tional fraud.
6. The Courts have also decided that a Post
master who neglects to perform his duty of giv
ing reasonable notice, as required by the Post-
Office Department, of the neglect of a person fo
take from the office newspapers addressed to
him, renders himself liable for the subscription
price.
AND
BUGGY-MAKING,
AND
Bl.A€K-3RI}1fHffl& l
BY
II. HOLMES,
CASSVILLE, GA.
I can put up any kind of Vehicle
wanted, at short' notice, and in as
good style as it can be done any
where. All work warranted.
Cassville, July 1st, 1S5S.
H.
SHOP.
William Headden,
CASSYILLE, GEO.,
IS prepared to make and repair
Carriages, Buggies, Wagons, or
anything in his line of business.
He has one of the best BLACKSMITH’S
and some of the best AY00D WORKMEN in
Georgia.
Thai.krai for past patronage, he begs a con
tinuance of the same. .Work warranted.
All those indebted to him for last year’s
shop accounts are requested to call and settle
bv cash or note, without delay.
Cassville, Mch 25,1S5S—ly
OF
AT AUGUSTA,
T HE next annual course of Lectures in this
Institution will begin on the 1st Monday
in November next, with an Introductory Lec
ture by Prof. JONES.
Emeritus Prof, of Anatomy—G. M. NEW
TON, M. 0.
Anatomy—II. F. CAMPBELL, M. 0.
Surgery—L. A. DUGAS, M 0.
Chemistry and Pharmacy—JOS. JONES, M.
D.
Institutes and Practice—L. 0. FOR0, M. O.
Physiology and Pathological Anatomy—H.
V. M. MILLER, A 0.
Rateria Medic*, Therapeutics and Medical
Jurisprudence —I. P. GARVIN, M. 0.
Demonstrator Of Anatomy—ROB’T CAMP
BELL, M. 0-
Assistant Demonstrator—S. B. SIMMONS,
M, D. jg „
Prosector to the Professor of Surgery—H.
W. D. FORD, M. 0.
.Curator of Museum—T. P. CLEVELAND,
pickets for the whole Course, $106 00
Matriculation, (to be taken once) 5 00
Practical Anatomy (to betaken once) 10 00
For further information apply to any mem
ber of the Faculty, or to the undersigned.
Aug. 12—tlmn L P. GARVIN, Dean.
REMOVAL.
Dr. J. W. Kinabrew,
THANKFUL lor the pa
tronage of the past year,
continues to offer his servi
ces to the public, and will
attend promptly to every
' call, day or night. Office
next door south of J. A.
\ Terrell’s, where he can be
■found during the day, at
night at the residence lately occupied by Mr.
Bohannon. Cassville, Aug. 12, 1358.
JOS. DUNLAP,
ATT0BNIY AT LAW,
Kingston, Cass co., Ga.
June 10th, 1S5S—ly.
B. H. LEEKE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Cassville, Ga.
B USINESS entrusted to my care will meet
with prompt and vigilant attention, and
monies paid over punctually.
Feb. 1, 1358—ly.
W. V. WESTER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
CALHOUN, GEO.
W ILL practice in all the counties of the
Cherokee Circuit. Particular attention
paid to the collection of claims, and to prompt
ly paying over the same when collected.
Nov 2G, 1857—ly
ANDREW H. RICE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Cassville, Geo.
P RACTISES in the Counties of Cass, Cher
okee, Cobb, Catoosa, Gordon, Gilmer,
Fannin, Paulding and Whitfield.
Prompt attention given to the Collecting bu
siness in all of the above named counties.
May be found in the office formerly occu
pied by J. II. A A. II. Rice.
June 17th, 1858—ly.
THOMAS J. VERDERY,
ATT0BOTY AT LAW 9
CEDAR TOWN, GA.
W ILL practice in the counties of Floyd,
Polk, Paulding, Carroll, Haralson and
Cass. Strict attention paid to collecting.
Feb. 18, 1S58—ly.
M. J. CRAWFORD,
Attorney and Counsellor at Law,
RINGGOLD, CATOOSA COUNTY, GA.
TXTILL practice in all the counties of the
VV Cherokee Circuit.
Particular attention paid to the collecting of
money, and to paying over the same when col
lected. mhlfl, 1858—ly
W offord, Crawford & Howard,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Cassville, and Cabtehsville, Ga.
W ILL faithfully attend to any business en
trusted to their care, in any of the coun
ties of Upper Georgia.
Wm. T. Wofford, J. A. Crawford, Cassville;
J. A. Howard, Cartersville. July 23.
E. M. SEAGO & GAAR,
SUCCESSORS TO E. M. SEAGO,
Wholesale Grocers,
PRODUCE DEALERS,
AND GENERAL
Commission Merchants,
SOUTH SIDE PASSENGER DEPOT,
Atlanta, Ga.
March is, 1858—ly.
S. B. OATMAN,
Dealer in American, Italian ano Egyptiam
Statuary, ano Tennessee
Marble,
Monuments, Tombs, Urns and Vases, Marble
Mantels, and Furnishing Marble,
Atlanta, Ga.
James Vaughan, Agent, Cassville, Ga.
April 22, 1858—ly.
SUMMEY & HURLICX,
DEALERS IN
MARBLE
ITlpitiinicuts, Tombs, Urns, Va-
SES, VAULTS, TABLETS, HEAD
AND FOOT STONES, Ac. ,
.RDERS promptly filled. Address Marble e,,ve C P» * l,e bn 8 ,,te * t P 0rt,On . sllollld
two : That while the envelop of Hal
lev’s Comet is described as a hemispher
ical hollow envelop, this shows more the
| shape of a nebulous ring; there is a faint
i misty light, of irregular outline, but not
to be mistaken by even a casual obser
ver.
The equatorial, which, for more than
three years, has been fixed on the me
ridian, has been recently replaced in its
The Comet.
This remarkable object now presents
a most striking appearance among the
celestial host. In misty grandeur it ev
en holds high rank among that class of
heavenly bodies to which it belongs. It
was discovered by Professor Donate, of! primitive condition to permit the obser-
Florence, Italy, nearly four months since ration and examination of this wonder-
and for a large part of the time since it ful bodr.
was detected,has been steadily approach
ing the earth, and in a direction so near
ly coincident with the visual ray, that
but for the reliable computations of as
tronomers, might well excite anticipa
tions of some fearful collision with our
own planet. Indeed, throughout the
present month it seems to have been
plunging downward so exactly toward
the earth that it scarcely changed its
apparent place among the fixed stars
by a quantity larger than two or three
times the apparent diameter of the
moon.
It will reach its nearest app.oach to
the sun in a few days. Its brilliancy
will increase rapidly tip to the close of
the first week in Oetcber, when it will
put on its most spendid appearance, and
will then rival in grandeur the famous
comet of liallev, at its Iasi return in
183C.
It is by far the most imposing object
of the kind which has visited our system
since the election of the Cincinnati Ob
servatory. Owing to the fact that the
direction of its motion is, or has been, so
nearly in a line toward the earth, the el
ements of its orbit have not been very
accurately determined. The plane in
which it moves is inclined to that of our
earth’s orbit, under an angle o? about
sixty-five degrees.
Its observed positions are, for the pre
sent, better represented by an orbit in
the form of a parabola than by any one
of an eliplic figure. The Comet will soon
commence to change direction, at first
slowly, afterward more rapidly,.as seen
from the earth, when sweeping swiftly
round the snti it will regain those distant
regions of space wherein a vast propor
tion of its orbit lies, far beyond the reach
of telescoj ic vision.
On the evening of the 25th of Sep
tember the appearance of thetfcomet, in
the great retractor of the Cincinnati Ob
servatory, was especially interesting.—
The central portion, or nucleus, was ex
amined with powers varying from one
hundred to five hundred, without pre-'
senting any evidence of a well-defined
planetary disc. It was a brilliant glow
of light, darting and flashing forward in
the direction of the motion toward the
sun, and leaving the region behind in
comparative obscurity. But the most
wondeiful physical feature presented was
a port i>in of nearly circular, nebulous
ring, with its vortex directed toward the
sun, the bright nucleus being in the cen
tre, while the impelled ring swept more
than half way round the luminous cen
tre. This nebulous ring resembled those
which sometimes escape from a steam-
pipe, and did not exhibit the appearance
which ought to be presented by a hol
low hemispherical envelop of nebulous
matter. There was an evident concen
tration of light in the central portions of
the ring, while, in the case of a hollow
O. M. MITCHELL.
Cincinnati Observatory, Sept. 27, ’58.
The Big Trees of California.
Among the many remarkable natural
curiosities of the land of gold, not the
least that solitary group of gigantic
pines known as the “ Big Trees of Cal
averas County.”
The group in Calaveras county are
solitary specimens of their race. There
are no other of their kind or size on the
known globe. It is a singular fact that
the group, consisting of ninety-two trees,
is contained itt a valley only one hun
dred and sixty acres in extent. Beyond
the l : mits of this little amphitheatre the
pines and cedars of the country sink in
to the Lilliputian of the common New
England pine—say a hundred and fifty
feet, or thereabout/ The} 7 are situated
in Calaveras county, about two hundred
and forty miles from San Francisco, but
may be reached with a couple of days
of railroad and stage coach travelling.
A Jew hunters, in 1858, were pushing
their way into the unexplored forest,
when one of them, who was in advance,
broke into this space, and the giants
were then first seen by white men.—
Their collossal proportions, and the im
pressive silence oftbe surrounding woods,
created a feeling of awe among the hun
ters ; and after walking around the great
trunks, and gazing reverentially up at
their grand proportions, they returned
to the nearest settlements, and gate ac
count of what they had seer.. Their
statements, however, were considered
fabulous until confirmed by actual mea
surement. The basin or valley in which
they stand is very damp, and retains
here and there pools of water. Some of
the largest trees extend their roots direct
ly into the stagnant water, or into the
brooks. Arriving at “ Murphy’s Dig
gings” by one of the daily lines of sta
ges either from Sacramento or Stockton,
or by the Sonora coach, you are within
fifteen miles of the celebrated grove :—
and from here it is a pretty horseback
ride to the “ Mammoth Tree Hotel.”—
This has been erected within a year or
two, to accommodate the many visitors;
for the “ big trees” Itave now become
objects of genera! interest.
Adjoining the hotel, with which it is
connected by a floor, stands the stump
of the “ Big Tree,” which was cut down
three years since. It measured ninety-
six feet in circumference of solid timber.
Theatrical performances were given up
on it by tlie Chapman family in 1855.
This monster was cut down by bouring
with long and powerful augers, and saw
ing the spaces between—an achieve
ment of vandalism as ingenious as the
ference at the base and forty-two feet
in circumference at a distance of three
hundred feet from the roots, at which
point it was broken short off in its fall.
The upper portion, beyond this break,
is greatly decayed; but judging from
the average taper of the others, this tree
must have towered to the prodigious
height of at least four hundred and fifty
feet. A chamber or burned cavity ex
tends through the trunk two hundred
feet broad, and high enough for a per
son to ride on horseback through ; and
a pond deep enough to float a common
river steamboat stands in this great ex
cavation during the rainy season. Walk
ing on the trunk, and looking from its
uprooted base, the mind can scarce con
ceive its astonishing dimensions. Lan
guage fails to give an adequate idea of
it. It was when standing a pillar of
timber that overtopped all othei trees of
the globe. “ To read simply of a tree
four hundred feet high,” observes the
“ Country Gentleman,” “ we are struck
with large figures; but we can hardly
appreciate the height without some com
parison. Such a one as this would
stretch across a field of twenty-seven
rods wide. If standing in the Niagara
chasm at Suspension Bridge, it would
tower two hundred feet above the top of
the bridge ; if placed in Broadway, N.
York, at the head of Wall-street, it
would overtop Trinity steeple one hun
dred and sixty feet; and would be two
hundred and thirty feet higher than
Bunker Hill Monument, Charlestown,
or two hundred and seventy feet above
Washington Monument, Baltimore. If
cut up for fuel it would make at least
three thousand cords, or as much as
would be yielded by sixty acres of good
woodland. If sawed into two inch
boards it would yield about three mil
lion feet, and furnish enough three-inch
plank for thirty miles of plank road.—
This will do for the product of one little
seed, less in size than a trrain of wheat.”
These trees are not the California red
wood, as has been affirmed of them.—
They are a species of cedar peculiar to
the Western slopes of the Sierra Neva
da. The growth, bark, and leaf are dif
ferent from those of any other tree.—
Botanists class them, ar.d probably cor
rectly, among the ‘* Taxodinms.” For
eigners will doubtless continue to re
christen them after this or that Europe
an celebrity. All who write or speak
of them should avoid being thus led, and
perpetuate the glorious name given
shortly after their discovery.—the Wash-
ingtonia gigantea.
About Girls’ Names.
If you are a very precise man, and
wish to be certain of what yon get, nev
er mairy a girl named Ann; for we have
the authority of Lindley Murray and
others, that “ an is an indefinite article.”
If you would like to have a wife who
one is “ one of a thousand,” you should
marry an Emily or an Emma, for any
printer can tell you that “ ems are coun
ted by thousands.”
If you do not wish to have a bustling,
fly-abont wife, you should not marry one
named Jenny; for every cotton spin
ner knows that Jennies are always on the
month wasn’t filled. Even the nourish
ment nature provided, didn’t wholly sat
isfy it, for it wasn’t as sweet as candy.
I thought it was no wonder, if chil
dren were taught even in babyhood that
papa was bad, nglv, and unkind, that
in vouth tliev should call him a,“ snob”
and the “ old man,” and the mother
whom they had learned by experience
had no stability of character, and was
capable of deception, not strange they
should so little respect her as to call her
the “old woman.”
I shudder when I hear the frequent
words from young lips, “O, I must not
let father know that.”
The father may be a stern man, rig
id in his way of bringing up his chil
dren, but be Jias a heart somewhere, and
surely truthful, honest loving words from
his own child, will find that warm place.
So it is best never to deceive him in
anything, hut keep his confidence whole
and unshaken, and the whiteness of the
soul unstained by that loathsome sin de
ception.
“ Father don’t allow me to read nov
els,” said a young lady to me lately,
“ hut mother does, and so we too read
all we can get, and he never knows it;”
and she giggled as though they were
very cunning and worthy of praise, for
so completely deceiving' poor good fath
er.
My soul sickened at the idea of a
wife daring to teach her children to dis
obey their father: of the daughter, vain
and unprincipled, with such a mother
to teach and guide her. Better for the
world had she never been born.— Ohio
Cultivator.
o
Works P. O., Pickens Co, Ga.
James Vaughan, agent, Cassville, Ga.
Fob 1st, 1S5S—ly.
out the nails of criminals with pincers.
It required the labour of five men twen
ty-five days to effect its fall, the tree
standing so near perpendicular that the
at the outer edge. By micrometical! aid of wedges and a battering ram was
measurement the distance from the cen- j necessary to complete the destruction.—
DR, J. T. GROVES.
[HAS removed to tbe office next door to
A. C. Day’s shop, where he mar be found
both day and night. unlessproiessionally
engaged. Prompt attention given to all calls,
by day or night,
Cassville, Jan. 21, 1S5S.
M. McMURRY,
Dealer in Family Groceries,
CONFECTIONARIES, Ac.,
Cassville, Ga.
Feb. 1st, 1858—ly.
NEW
EME IXSIEI
NEW GOODS!
tral poiut to the circumference of the
ring was found to be about 9,000 miles.
This would give a diameter of eigbleeu
thousand miles, in case the ring was en
tire. Similar measurements, made on
the evening of the 26th of September,
indicated a decided increase in the radi
us of the ring which was now not less
Chinese refinement in cruelly of p.ulling! go.
If you want to marry Belle, it is not
necessary that you should be a sexton,
just because you have to ring her at the
altar.
If yon marry one named Margaret,
you may fear fur the manner that she
But the immense mass resisted all effort
will end her days, for all the world
to overthrow it, until in the dead of the 1 knows that pegs were made for hanging.
I fit, and the extent to which they should
be cultivated.
8. The cultivation of Forest Trees.
9. The construction of Ice Bo.uses for
domestic, use.
10. FarindGardcns and Orchards.
11. On Agricultural exhibitions.
12. Agricultural subjects other than
the above tin. best-essav offered.
tempestuous night it began to groan and
sway like an expiring giant, and it suc
cumbed at last to the elements, which
alone could complete from above what
the human ants had commenced below.
Its fall was like the shock of an earth-
than twelve thousand iniies in length.: quake, and was heard fifteen miles a-
On the same evening I uotieed tbe fact J way—at “ Murphy’s Diggings.” There
that the luminous envelop did not blend i fell in this great trunk some thousands
itself into the head portion of the tail,j of cords of wood, and it buried itself 12
but apf eared somewhat to penetrate into i ft. in the mire that bordered the little
this uehulous mass, especially on the up- creek near bv. Not far from where it
per part, presenting the appearance of
about 200 degrees of a spiral. The tail
Jon the 25th wasdecidedly brighter and
NEW STORE! NEW L0- better defined on the upper than on the
CATION AND NEW ARRANGEMENT!
Wm. Kay, Agent,
lower portion, while on the evening of
struck stand two colossal members of
this family, called the “ Guardsmen ;”
the mud splashed nearly a hundred feet
high upon their trunks. As it lay on
the ground it measured three hundred
the 25th there was a much nearer ap- and two feet clear of the stump and bro-
proach to equality in brightness, especi-| ken top-work. Large trees had been
ally near the head, the tail presented the
appearance of a hollow nebulous envel-
HAS for sale, a large assort-
ment of Books, Stationery, Musi-
eal Instruments, Fancy' Goods,
unde, the fom ofa par.b.l.id of
cash rates. A share of the public patronrge is! revolution, the edges being brightest and
respectfully solicited. we !l defined, while there was a manifest j and two bowling alleys of the hotel, the
and forwarded return raanTraiiroad^ex-! fading away of light toward the central j latter running parallel a distance of
press or stage. Please remember the place— 1 region. Through the vast depth of neb- ; eighty-one feet.
depot^Atiante Geo. th ! ulous tna tter composing this wonderful j One of the most interesting of the
snapped asunder like pipe stems, and
the woods around were splintered and
crushed to the earth. On its levelled
surface are now situated the bar room
Not a Fish Story.
~|yTT we are actually receiving a still larger
laiminisnea ongnmess. | roresi. it is nun me mu
i gate on this gigantic ob- j grove, rising to the height of three hnn-
misty splendor, without a dred and twenty-seven feet, straight.and
T.
X Collectors Fi Fas. 75 oents per quire
at the Standard Office. U
appendage the faintest telescopic stare j group is that called the “ Mother of the
shone with undimiuished brightness. i Forest.” It is now the loftiest of the
No one can
U supply of Fishing Tackle, Jointed Rods, i - , -
Multiplying Reeds, Silk, Grass, Hair, Flax, and i Jf Ct ’ ‘. n a ,tS . I!>1S 5 r • . i, - r .. ' J
Cotton Fish Lines, Virginia, Limerick and Kir- deep impression that the eye is resting j beautifully proportioned, and at this mo-
by Hooks, Sock Dologers, Patent Grapples, 1 ^ a mass of nebulous matter precisely i ment the largest living tree in tbe world.
SIS’ I .«b » U» «f UFtoii If is ninety feet in circumference. Into
and Quill Floats, Spring Snap Hooks, Gut supposes to have been the primordial ’ this trunk could be cut an apartment as
Loops, Tackle Books^Bait^oxesSportsmen’s I .jondition of our sun and all its attendant ! large as a common-sized parlour, and
q'Stefn’, and Iv^ttdng iifthewayofj planets, and from which chaotic condi-, as high as the architect chose to make
Fishine Tackle. At the ti^n this beautiful system of revolving it, without endangering the tree or m-
Fishmg Tackle.
JEWELRY A CLOCK HOUSE, of
- VEAL A CO.
June 10.1858.
Caution.
*TMUS public are cautioned against trading,
1 with any pedlers or other* representing
themselves as our agents, in order to sell (bar
'trait Jewelry and bogut Watchet We have
no agents ont st all. VEAL A CO.,
June. 17 Borne, Ga.
tkm this beautiful system of revolving ; it, without endangering
worlds bas been evoked by tbe action of juring its outward appearance.
a single laMr.* tls-i i: ’ " *
The only comet which bas presented
an appearance resembling the one now
yjaible, is the one known as Halley's
Comet, as seen by Sr. Wm. Herechel
But the dimensions of the whole
group pale before those of the prostrate
giant known as the “ Father of the For-
est.” This monster has long since bow
ed his bead in the dust, but how stu-
and others in its return in 18S6. There pendous in his ruin ! The tree measures! thing had been fed on candy, almost,
is this marked difference between flie * '
one hundred and twelve feet iu circnm-
If you wish to succeed in life as a poi-
ter, you should marry Caroline,and treat
her very kindly, for so long as you con
tinue to do this you will be good to
Carry.
The most incessant wiiter in the
world is he who is always bound to Ad
a-line.
You may adore your wife, but you will
be surpassed in love wheu your wife is
Dora.
Many men of high moral principles,
and who would not gamble for the
Wbrld, still have not refused to take a
Bet.
No printer who expects to make any
thing off his brother typos by the game
of “jeffing,” should marry a Mary ; for
the craft, generally, knows tliata “ mol
ly” is no 'count.
“ Don’t Tell Father.”
The reader will pardon the severity
of the language in this selection, for the
sake of the excellent lesson which it con
tains :
There is many a good mother who
plans the ruin of the child she dearly
loves—teaching it the first lesson of
wrong-doing, by simply saying, “Now
don’t tell your father.” Surely moth
ers do it thoughtlessly, ignorantly, not
considering it is a first lesson in decep
tion.
I beard a kind, well-meaning moth
er say to the pnny babe in her arms,
“ well birdie shall have its good candy
every day; bad papa shan’t know it;
see how it lores it!” and the little thing
whose reach of life had not a whole win
ter in it yet, snatched at the red ' and
blue colored poison, and made as man*
glad motions, sis though it took its whole
body to sock it with. The poor little
and fretted for more whenever her
Inaction a Sin.
When the body is weary, rest is en
joyed ; hut in no other way can ease
give pleasure. They who think to find
happiness in a life of ease are bitterly
disappointed, and endure inexpressible
weariness and disgust.
The weariness of inaction is more in
tolerable than the fatigue of over-exer
tion, and is directly ruinous of all organ
ized structures. Ease always produces
disease. Ease and elegance are incom
patible. Inaction and happiness are at
variance. Action is necessary not only
to the health of the body and mind, but
it is essential to their very existence, so
we can enjoy life only as we act, and uur
enjoyment is propor.ioned to our normal
activity.
Muscular exercise gives positive pleas
ure. Bodily labor is absolutely neces
sary to health, and the highest enjoy
ment ; for nothing else can give the pei-
fect physiological development essential
to the highest exercise of the mind, in
tellectually and socially. It was a most
beueficient Wisdom which compelled
inan to work for his bread. When the
earth was cursed, it was, in truth, for
■nan’s sake, as labor is as necessary a
condition of health and happiness as it
is a means of procuring food. Inaction
induces loss, suffering, despair. It in
vites misery, and all the hosts of vice.—
But give life a purpose, something for
which to labor, and one’s energies are
called out, and according as all his fac
ulties are employed, he is happy. He,
is safe just to the degree in which he lias
no time to parley with spirits ofdissaiis-
faction, fear, and strife. lie is exempt
from the corrosion of ennui and the hal
lucinations of indoleuce.
Is there not a proverb that “ he who
will not work shall not eat ?” This em
bodies truth ; for it is bv action only
that tbe tissues of the body vast •, thus
creating the sole demand for food.
As it is a law which the whole force
of the universe cannot annul, that bodi
ly labor is necessary to l-odily health,
and that as it is neglected the body be
comes impaired, it follows that they
who do no bodily labor are guilty ot
physical sin. Sin cannot remain un
punished, though the heavens were to
fall.
None can be righteous without bodi
ly labor. None can be pure without it.
Without it none knows how much he
can enjoy. A part of eve r y day should
be consecrated to bodily labor.
It was the essence of Wisdom that
placed maitain the garden “to dress and
to till it.”—Life IUnstrated.
Premiums for Agricultural Essays.
The United States Agricultural Soci
ety offer their grand silver medal and
diploma for the best essay on each of
the following subjects, for publication in
the next volume of their transactions :
1. Agricultural Education, including
the details of a system for an Agricul
tural College and Experimental Farm.
2. The best proportions between the-
value of land aud other capital, and be
tween the amount invested in different
departments ofa farm, naradiv: land,
stock, implements and manures.
3. Meterology, in reference to its con
nection with droughts mud floods, with
suggestions for anticipating them and
guarding against their effects.
4. Concentrated Manures, in reference
to economy, improvements of land, in
juriom tendencies, preparations, applica
tion, Ac.
0. Depth of culture for different soils.
6. On the developement of latent pro
perties iu soils.
7. New Crops, with their relative prq-
Deep Sea Soundings.
Some persons are surprised at a state
ment that the water upon the telegraph
ic plateau between Trinity and Valen-
tia Bays is from two !o three miles deep
in its deepest parts, having been told
that there it is comparatively shallow.
A comparison of deep sea soutidings will
show tiiat the idea of its shallownem is
correct, when measured by the almost
incredible abysses to which the plum-,
met has been sent. Lieut. Beiryman,
in 1853, made a sounding in the Atlan
tic ocean 39,600 feet in the depth, equ
al to a little over 7 1-4 miles; and Capt.
Denham, of tiie British Navy, has ob
tained soundings of the vast depth of
46,236 feet, or 8 1-2 English miles.—
The highest mountains upon tlie globe
might he bulled into these immense
chasms, and still leave a vast ocean a-
hout their tailesl peaks. Tbe giant
Himalaya, that overtop all other moun
tains, would he swallowed as easily as
the Alps. The highest peak of the chain
is only 28,178 feet, above the sea level,
and its summit might he submerged a-
trout three miles at the point of Captain
Denham’s deepisl soundings.
Wash. Star.
Educated Farmers.
Educated Farmers are said to be a want
of our country ; but notwithstanding the
general dissemination of knowledge, we see
no prospect of this desideratum being sup
plied. There are many young men wbo are
receiving high educationaUadvantages, who
can succeed but poorly by their wits. They
have not tbe ready shrewdness, tbe keen,
searching powers of analysis, and the bold
eloquence that will fit them for tbe bar;—
not the accurate scholarship and skill in
discipline which fit for th« school.room, nor
the aptness to teach and sanctity of lift
which is requisite for the pulpit. Vet, with
out qualifications suited for the learned pro
fessions, they have good sense, would make
excellent farmers, and, in that capacity,
would make useful citizens. But, instead
of entering upon vocations to which tbeir
capacities are adapted, they prefer being
third or fourth rates in professions at wbieh
they can scarce make their bread.
Many young men wbo have attended col
leges or high schools tliiuk it humiliating to
attend to all the details of farming in per
son. They would be glad to have well stock
ed farms, fmuished with all tbe applianoes
for making money, bat they would want
them on scales large enough to authorize
the employment of managers If one of
them has the means, he buys a farm, fur.
nishes it, employs an overseer and then goea
with his family to the nearest village for
the sake of society. Theie, though nomin
ally a member of a profession, be is, in nine
cases out of ten, a mere lounger about town,
aud is fortunate if he escapes the foulest
contaminations F-ven those who live on
their farms are at but little pains co becomo
fully acquainted with the details of their
business, and still fewer to introduce im
provements They never think of analyzing
the soil and trying differ-ut systems of ag
riculture. Those who have an ambition to
accumulate wealth, employs what are term
ed rubhing overseers, who are instructed to
make large crops at any risk. This, ia a
few years, reduces their land to the red
clay, and they are compelled to move to tbe
West, there to renew their destructive pro
cess. While this is the history of thousands,
some are content to move on more elowly,
but less surety . for what of their ignorance
and negligence they scarce make a support
and keep their iuheriled property together. .
Agriculture is not a business for which
mind is so entirely non-essential as somo
suppose. The day a man could turn
the fruitful giebo. plant*- loosely cultivate
and gather, has passed in ail the older
States. Anybody could farm then, even tho*
he were but a remove or two from idiocy —
This is the case no longer. Now, he must
bring to his aid a science far from easy of
comprehension, if be would pursue this vo
cation with succpss and profit. Those wbo
follow the extreme anti book system of cul
tivating the soil of our worn out hills, may
expect to change tbeir condition only by be
coming poorer. We need educated farmers
to renovate our wasted lands, and reatON
them to pristine fertility. But so long as
every man of intelligence and information
crowds into some profession to the-total neg
lect of farming, bo long will the agricnita-
ral advancement of our country be retar
ded — Temperance Crusader.
A Law Abiding Feo-le.—The citizen
of Milwankie are tbe most law abiding peo
ple in tbe world. We asked one of them why
so many people were drowned in the river,
and he replied is was on aceoant of an ordi
nance of that city, which forbids swimming
within the city limits. When on of thorn
slipped in, he recalled the ordinance at one,
and rather titan violate ia went ebeerfnlly
to the bottom without a straggle
• Hew long did Adam remain in Paradise,
before he ainssd F swd an amiable spouse
toherhnbaad.
»Till he got a wife,* calmly answered tho
bugbaud. ~