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“ Equality in the Union or Independence ont of it.”
TERMS—TWO DOLLARS a-year, in Adranco.
VOL. 11*.
CASSYILLE, GEO., THURSDAY, JAlIST. 27, 1859.
TSLO. 2.
ffiitsiitm Citriis.
jos. DtrirtAP,
ATTORWEY AT LAW,
Kingston, Cass co., Ga.
June 10th, 1858—ly.
B. H. LEEKE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CAS3VILI.E, Oa.
B USINESS entrusted to my care will meet
with prompt and vigilant attention, and
monies paid over punctually.
Feb. 1, 1856—ly.
W. V. WESTER,
attorney at law,
CALHOUN, GEO.
W ILL practice in all Ihe counties of the
Cherokee Circuit. Particular attention
paid to the collection if claims, and to prompt
ly paving over the same when collected.
Nor 2$. 1857—ly
ANDREW H. RICE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Cassville, Geo.
P RACTISES in the Counties of Cass. Cher
okee, Cobb, Catoosa, Gordon, Gilmer,
Fannin, Paulding and Whitfield.
Prompt attention given to the Collectingbu
siness in all of the abeve named counties.
Mav be found in the office formerly occu
pied by .1. 11. & A. H. Rice.
June 17th, 1858-ly.
THOMAS J. VERDERY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CEDAR TOWN, GA.
W ILL practice in the counties of Floyd,
Polk, Paulding, Carroll, Haralson and
Cass. Strict attention paid to collecting.
Feb. 18, 155S—ly-
lUkrtiseinents. I Jflistcllantons.
i Now, sir, I have not a solitary doubt, j such, I apprehend, will be its workings as slave property ; it is an open and undis- ly a voice could be heard in all the Sooth
i that if only one road is provided for and ; long as that Union lasts, or until the South 1 guised denial of right to the South, which calculating the value of the Union. Now,
' the route is left open to be selected by the ! asserts her equality of rights and benefits the South could resist or submit to, as their name is legion. As, at each recur-
M. J. CRAWFORD,
Attorney and Counsellor at Law,
RINOROLI), CATOOSA COUNTY, CA.
W ILL practice in all the counties of the
Cherokee Circuit.
Particular attention paid to the collecting of
money, and to paying over ttic same when col
lected. mb 19, 1958—ly
Wofford, Crawford & Howard,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CASSVILI.lt, ASH CAtlTEKSYIl.I.E, Ga.
W ILL faithfully attend to any business en
trusted to their care, in any of the coun
ties of Umjcr Georgia.
Wm. T. Woltorn, J. A. Crawford, Cnssville;
J. A. Howard, Cartersville. July 23.
E. M. KEITH.
1TTH IT MV,
CASSYILLE, GEO.
P RACTICES in the counties of Cass, Cher
okee, Gordon, Whitfield and Paulding.
AH business entrusted to his care will meet
with prompt attention.
Office north of the public square, in Rice’s
building. Nov. IS, 1858—ly.
THOS. M. COMPTON,
CASSVILLE, GA.,
Agent of the Bank of the
State of South Carolina.
W ILL sell Kxclicnge on Charleston and
Now York, make advances on Produce,
Ac., and attend to all the business usually
transacted by Dank Agents.
Nov. IS, 185S 43—ly.
S. B. OATNAN,
Dialer in American, Italian and Kcyi-tiam
Statuary, and Tennessee
Marble,
Monuments, Tombs, Urns and Vases, Marble
Mantels, and FuRxisniNO Marble,
Atlanta, Ga.
James Vaughan, Agent, Cassville, Ga.
April 22, 18.78—ly.
SUMMEY & HURLICK,
DEALERS IN
MARBLE
Monuments, Tombs, Urns, Va-
SES, VAULTS, TAItl.ETS, HEAD
AND FOOT STONES, Ac.
O RDERS promptly filled. Address Marble
Works P. O., Pickens Co., Ga.
. James Vaughan, agent, Cassville, Ga.
Feb 1st, 1858—ly.
&81I0V4I&*
DR. J. T. GROVES,
^^aHAS removed to the office next door to
A. C. Day’s shop, where he may be found
both day and night, unlessprofesaionally
engaged. Prompt a'tention given to all calls,
by day or aigtrt.
Cassville, Jan. 21, 18.73.
SEWING MACHINES!
SEWING MACHINES!
SEWING MACHINES!
SEWING MACHINES!
SEWING MACHINES!
SEWING MACHINES!
O F the latest and most approved styles, suit*
able for Sewing Leather, Cloth, Negro
goods, Muslins, Silks, Linens, Jaconets, Ac.—
nr saw at Leyden’s Geeeral Sewing Machine
- Depot, Atlanta, Georgia, at manufacturers’ pri
es*. Seed for samples of work and prices,
an 7—If A. LEYDEN.
JNO. \Y. FOSTER,
CASSVILLE, GEO.
m WILL do any kind of work in his
line of business at as low rates as gj|jj
it can be dons by any good irocfc- * “
man in the State. As to his" abilities as a work
man, he refers to any work done by him. Con
tracts taken in anv part of the State.
' J""* 3d. 1$S$—ly.
M. McMURRV, ~ \
Pealer in Family Groceries,
CONFECTIONARIES, Ac.,
B bAWK MOTES, printed on good paper
and in good style; one dollar per hun
dred, cash ; call at the
Doc. 9,163$. STANDARD OFFICE.
pipes com MiE-m
AND 1
PBIISTEBS’ DEPOT,
For the Sale op *
Writing, Printing, Envelope,
AND
Colored Papers, Cgrds,
AND
Printing Materials,
Of all Kinds.
Agent for L. Johnson A Co., Type Founders,
It. Hoc A Co., and other Printing
Press makers.
Printing Inks of best Quality
at Manufacturers’ prices.
To Merchants.
The Subscriber begs to call at'ention to his
LARGE STOCK OF
Writing and Wrapping Paper
OF ALL KINDS,
which he will sell very low for Cash, or short
credit on large sums.
JOSEPH WALKER,
120 Meeting Street, Charleston,
Oct. 28, 1858. S. C.
FALL TRADE!
GREAT EXCITEMENT
ATANTA, GA.
NEWGOODS
A X D
CHEAP GOODS.
•I. L. CUTTING & (30.,
T AKE pleasure in informing their custom
ers and buvers generally, throughout the
country that they are now prepared to offer
one of the most
MTMtTM
STOCK OF
FALL AND WINTER
DRY DODDS,
Ever Exhibited in this City!
Our house is convenient to the Passenger
Depot, All packages sent to the cars free of
charge. j. L. CUTTING, A CO., «
No. 23 Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga.
Oct. 14, 1S.7S.
THE LARGEST
AND CHEAPEST
STOCK OF
SHOES,
DRESS GOODS,
And Domestic Goods,
EVER OFFERED IN CASSVILLE,
OR CASS COUNTY!
C 10NS1STING in part of Merinos, Cash-
I meres, DeLaincs, Silks, Prints, Bleached
and Brown Sheeting and Shirting, Ribbons;
all kinds of Dress-Trimmings, Cloaks and
Shawls, Red-Ticking, Ac.
Also, French Casiiners, Sattinett, Kentucky
Jeans, Kerseys, Kinseys, Blankets, and every
article of Domestic Goods.
Also, Coats for Men and Bovs, of every
quality and price. Satin, Silk Velvet, Cloth
and Plush Vests, Pants, Undershirts, Shirts
and Shirt-Collars, Socks, and every article be
longing to “Gentleman’s Furnishing Store,” !
and a great many other articles too numerous
to mention—
ALL OF WHICH WILL BE SOLD,
Ctieaper
THAN EVER OFFERED IN THIS OR ANT i
OTHER PLACE, 1
At Levy's Cheap Store. !
Cassville, Ga., Oct., 1858—3m.
PRATT, OAKLEY Sc CO.,
(late farmer, brace a CO.,)
PH MW. UI
No. 21 MrERAT ST., X. T.
P O. A CO., offer at low prices for cash,
• and liberal terms for approved credit, a j
large stock of Bank ar.d Office Stationery, j
Blank and Account Books, Receipt and Memo- !
randum Books. Paper of all kinds. Cards,
Circulars, Bill Heads, Ac., Printing and Litho- -
graphing executed to order. Bibles, Miscel
laneous, and Seoul Books.
P. O. A Co. Publish Bullion’s series of Gram
mars; Comstock’s series on the Sciences;
Hooker's Physiologies; Brocklesby's Astrono
mies ; Otoey's Geography, newly revised;—
Southern Class Renders; Palmer’s Book Keep
ing; and the “cheapest and best” Spelling
Book ever : ssued. Ang. 12—6mos.
CHEAPER THAN EVER !
GALL .A. T
S, r, HEflBICKS’
AND GET YOU A
From the Daily GbH*.
SPEECH OF
HON. ALFRED IVERSON,
On tiie Pacific Railroad Bill,
iJeficered in the Senate, Jan. C, 1859.
Mr. IVERSON. Mr. President, when
this bill was under consideration at the
lastsession, I submitted some amendments
to it, the object of which was to provide
for the construction of two Pacific Rail
roads—a Northern and Southern Road.—
The bill then reported to the Senate by
the select committee, and which is the
same now before us, provided for .Govern
ment aid to only one read, and confined
its eastern terminus to some point on the
Missouri river, between the months of the
Rig Sioux and Kansas rivers, and its wes
tern terminus to San Francisco. It pro
posed to grant the alternate sections of the
Government lands for twenty miles on
each side of the road on its whole route,
making twenty sections, or twelve thous
and eight hundred peres to the mile. It
also proposed to contract with the person
or persons, company or companies, who
should undertake its construction, for the
transportation of the Government mails
for twenty years, and to agree to advance,
by way of pay for this service, in regular
and equal portions, $25,000,000 in Gov
ernment bonds, as sections of twenty miles
should be completed and put in operation
—the company constructing the road to
refund back this advance pay in railroad
service, in carrying the mails, soldiers,
sailors, munitions of war, and other Gov
ernment stores and property, at certain
rates of compensation to be agreed upon
in the contract, and limited in the bill it
self.
My amendments proposed that the Pres
ident should enter into a similar contract
or contracts, for the construction of two
roads, the eastern terminus of one to be
on the Missouri river, anywhere north of
the thirty-sixth parallel of north 1;
and within the boundaries of the
States, and ending at any point or place
on the Pacific coast that might be selected
by the contracting party ; the other road
to be located on any route south of the
thirty-sixth parallel of north latitude west
of the Mississippi, within the U. S., and
terminating at any point on the Pacific
selected by the contractors. My plan pro
posed a similar grant of land to each road
of twenty sections to the mile, and a con
tract with each road to the extent of $12,-
500,000 in Government bonds for mail and
other Government service, to be advanced
in like proportionate sums, and under
similar restrictions, limitations, and con
ditions, as were imposed in the original
bill.
Upon my amendments, as well as upon
the merits of the whole subject the neces
sity and propriety of a railroad communi
cation between the Atlantic anil Pacific
States, and the constitutional power of
Congress to afford Government aid in land
northwestern roads,
vast travel and frei:
and into the northern
this Union. The South may ■«« <u«. >■»..• — — - .
get a straggling passenger, or a box of | construction of a railroad to the Pacif-1 Territory, or add another slave State to
strav goods^bufthe great bulk of all its | ic, exclusively confined to the northern J this Union. Both are political heresies,
operations will be turned towards the i States. Sir, I believe that the time will j finding no authority in the Constitution ;
come when the slave States will be com-1 equally violative of the rights of the
pelled, in vindication of their rights, inter-1 Southern people, subversive of their
csts and honor, to separate from the Free ! equality in the Union, and an insult to
States, and erect an independent Confcde- j their honor, which in my opinion, alike
from which his section is likely to derive i racy ; and I am not sure, sir, that the demand their reprobation and resistance,
such trifling profits. Will it be said, sir, ! time is not near at hand when that event The people of the Southern States, as
that if the South has the best route, capi-1 will occur. At all events, I am satisfied I coequals in the Union, and as joint and
talists will build the road on that route ? j one of two things is inevitable : either I equal owners of the public territory, have
North ; and, sir, I cannot but lie surpris
ed that any Southern Senator should be
willing to vote such a magnificent dona
tion of land and money to an enterprise
Is it likely that northern capital will be j that the slave States must surrender their
invested to construct a southern roa<U?— I peculiar institutions, or separate from the
No, sir; not a dollar 7vill ever be so spent, j North. I do not intend, on this occasion.
The political and sectional prejudices j to enter into an elaborate or prolonged
which prevade the northern people againstj discussion of this proposition. I content
the South would be sufficient of themselves i myself with expressing my firm belief.
| and a brief allusion to the foundation of
... i that opinion. It is unnecessary to look
It is a notorious fact, that whilstno I hack to the commencement of the nnti-
icrn railroad ever pays more than six slavery agitation in the northern States,
and to trace its regular and rapid growth
to its present monstrous proportions.
I remember twenty-five years ago, when
petitions were first presented to Congress
for the abolition of slavery in the District
of Columbia ; it was the beginning of the
to deter them. How much northern cap
ital is ever invested in southern enterpri
ses ?
northern railroad ever pay
per cent, and many of them less, whilst
some pay nothing, there is scarcely a rail
road in all the southern States that docs
not pay seven per cent, a large majority
of them yield eight per cent., and many
of them even more. And yet, sir, there is
not one dollar of northern capital in a
thousand, yea, probably not in ten thous
and, invested in southern roails. North
ern capitalists shun all southern invest
ments as if the very touch was pollution.
Why, sir, whilst a northern man, with
northern security, can borrow any amount
of money in New York at from four to six
per cent per annum, I venture to say that
even the Senator from South Carolina,—
[Mr. Hammond,] as wealthy as he is and . .
as popular as he has lately rendered him- j before it; but they were me* with the sy-
self in the North by his Barnwell speech. 1 1611 song which the distinguished Senator
if he were to go to New York and ask for I from South Carolina has so recently anil
a loan of $10,000. and propose to mortgage j so eloquently poured forth, ‘‘there is no
atitude his plantation and negroes, worth half a ! danger; slavery is too strong to be over-
L nited million, as security, he could not get a turned ; let the sound, conservative mind
dollar. " ’ ' J
Such, sir, is the worthless opinion which
northern capitalists have of southern secu
rities, southern enterprises, and southern
investments. And, sir, do you think that
these feelings, these opinions, these preju-
the right to emigrate to these Territories
with their slave property, and to the pro
tection and enjoyment of that property by
law during the existence of the territorial
government; laws passed by Congress as
the trustee and common head of the joint
property—head of all the States and all
the people of the States in the public ter
ritory ; laws recognizing the equal right
of every citizen to go in and possess and
enjoy the common inheritance; laws, not
to deprive men of property, but to regu
late and secure its enjoyment; laws to
put every man in the United States upon
an equal footing in the exercise of a great
constitutional right. This, sir, is what
agitation, and was limited to a few delu-! we of the South are entitled to at the
ded religious fanatics amongst the men,— j hands of a common Government; and we
and some of the weaker sax, of the New j ought not to be content with less, or sub-
England States. It nevertheless aroused
the fears and excited the angry feelings of
many of the southern people; it produced
much discussion in Congress, and amongst
the newspaper press of the southern States.
Many expressed their belief that it was a
beginning of a storm which was to sweep
over the free States, carrying everything
and heart of the North be appealed to, and
all will be right; our friends there will
protect us.” Behold the result of the late
elections! With the bold undisguised
declaration of hostility to slavery at the
South, as enunciated by the great leader
dices, would not operate in the selection | its enemies at Rochester, with his loud
and construction of a Prcific railroad ? ( sounding pronuncianiento of down with
But, sir, there is even a more powerful the accursed thing, with the moody Ha:
cause than these, which would control the
question of selection and force the road
upon a northern route. Open this specu
lation to northern cupidity ; put this glit
tering prize of twenty-five millions acres
of the public land and twenty-five millions
of Government money, in the shape of a
twenty-five years’ mail contract, up to
competition, and who can doubt for a mo
ment that it would be clutched by north
ern speculators and capitalists ? And when
we add to these the countless millions of
commercial benefits and moneyed receipts
which a Pacific railroad would bring to
and postal contracts, I submitted my views j the section into which it is to run ; when
at some length (luring the last session.— ; we look at the vast moneyed interests al-
Thcse views were well matured and have ready invested in northern and 7vestern
undergone no change. I have no doubt
whatever that Congress has the power,
under the Constitution, to “dispose of the
public territory” in this or any other way
deemed to be for the general public good.
It is a subject within the sound discretion
of Congress; and ordinarily, railroad
roads, and the large number of people con
cerned in them, all residing in the North
and West—he must be indeed blind who
could, for a moment, suppose that a south
ern route would be adopted. Do you think,
sir, that the railroad companies of New
York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, mi
grants, as they are called, contribute large- j nois, Michigan, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minne-
lv to the public good. It is true they ben- j goto, to say nothing of the New England
efit individuals, those who own the roads: States, with all their various, extended,
—but it is not an objection to them in my | and ramified interest, their numberless
view, if thej’, at the same time, do not di- J stockholders and vast moneyed and com-
minish the value and price of the lands > mercial connections and relations, would
reserved by the Government, or lessen the j furnish the means or permit a southern
aggregate sum for which the whole selL— road to be built? No, sir; they would
If the Government by the operation and j have unlimited control over the subject,
effect of these grants, obtains as much and would place the road where their own
money for the reserved alternate sections, j interests would be most promoted. I am
as the whole would command without the j not opposed to a northern road. I am
road, and sells them sooner, and at the : willing to give the North the privilege of
of anti-slavery unfurled, and “ war to the
knife” written upon its folds, there is not
at this day a majority of true, conservative
friends of the rights of the South in a sin
gle free State of this Union this side of the
Rocky Mountrins. The demon of aboli
tion, in his most hideous shape, has cov
ered them all over with the footprints of
his onward and remorseless march to
power.
Sir, he knows but little of the workings
of human nature, who supposes that the
spirit of anti-slavery fanaticism which now
pervades the northern heart will stop
short of its favorite and final end and aim
—the universal emancipation of slavery
in the United States by the operation anil
action of the Federal Government When
Mr. Wilberforce began the agitation of his
scheme of emancipation in the British
West India Islands, there was not a cor
poral’s guard in both Houses of the Brit
ish Parliament who sympathized with
him or approved the movement ; and yet.
In less than a quarter of a century, all
England became abolitionized, and perpe
trated, by a decree in Parliament, one of
the most arbitrary anil outrageous viola
tions of private rights which was ever in
flicted by despotic power upon peaceful
init to a denial of it. I am free to declare
here, that if I had the control of the South
ern people, l would demand this of Con
gress at the organization of every territo
rial government as the terms upon which
the South should remain in the Union. 1
would hold out “right” in one hand and
“separation” in the other, and leave the
North to choose between them. If you
would do us justice, I would live with you
in peace; if you denied us justice, I would
not live with you another day.
Sir, aliolition is advancing with rapid
strides to the accomplishment of its great
end, the universal emancipation of slavery
in tlie United States. The distinguished
Senator from New York, [Mr. Seward,]
when he uttered his anathemas, and ush
ered forth his declaration of war against
southern slavery at Rochester, understood
well the feeling which sways, and is like
ly to sway, the masses in the northern
States upon this important and exciting
subject The North intends to put down
slavery at the South, “ peaceably if they
can, forcibly if they must” It is true the
Senator from New York, the great embod
iment of this abolition sentiment and
will, has very kindly and condescendingly
told the world that this great end and ob
ject arc to be accomplished by “ constitu
tional means f What fool does not un
derstand that ? A majority party, con
trolling all the branches of the Govern
ment, and bent upon an object, would
have no difficulty in finding a grant of
power in the Constitution for the accom
plishment of any object. What better au
thority would they want than the power
given to Congress to “provide for Hie gen
eral welfare” of the United States ? Sla
very, they say, is a great curse, a politi
cal, moral, and social evil; a dark and
damning stain upon the national escutch
eon ; a blight upon its prosperity; a' great
and growing injury even to individuals
mass of the people of all parties that the
anti-slavery agitation is not to cease until
the institution is destroyed, if the question
was now put whether the southern States
in'a body should separate and form a
southern confederacy, a majority would
vote for the proposition. I do not say,
sir, that Georgia would secede alone, or
together with a few of the other States, or
with any number less than the whole;—
but I verily believe that if the separation
of all of them in a body depended upon
the voice of Georgia, that voice would
boldly and promptly speak out—separa
tion ! I do not say, sir, that this senti
ment would he unanimous ; I know there
are many who are conscientiously of opin
ion that the Union is the greatest politi
cal good ; man}- for whom the Union has
irresistable charms ; many who would op
pose separation from a dread of consequen
ces ; and some from interested mo
tives would cling to the powers that be,
and the tilings that are ; they would say,
let us trust still longer to the conservative
feeling of the North ; let us appeal to their
patriotism, or to their inteiests; let ua
give them a Pacific railroad; let us give
them high protective tariffs ; let us vote
millions of the public money to clean out
their rivers and improve their labors ; let
us feed them and fatten them and gorge
them out of the public crib, until, like
young vulture®, they vomit in our laces;
let us smother their fanaticism with mas
ses of gold and silver; and then, perhaps,
they will let us keep our niggers! But,
sir, these are not my sentiments, nor do
1 believe they are the sentiments or argu
ments of the great body of the people of
my State. The majority already believe
that Northern aggression has gone far
enough and ought not to be allowed to go
further; they believe that southern rights
and honor out of the Union are better than
dishonor within it; they believe that sla
very without the Union is belter than the
Union without slavery ; and they are pre
pared, at the very next act of aggression
from the North, to resist, even to the
‘*disruption of all the ties whi< li hind them
to the Union.” Nor do I believe, sir, that
the people of Georgia or of the South Will
be disposed to wait for an overt act of ag
gression upon the rights, honor, or inter
est of the Southern States.
The election of a northern President,
upon a sectional and anti-slavery issue,
will be considered cause enough to justi
fy secession. Let the Senator from New
York, [Mr. Seward,] or any other man
avowing the sentiments and policy enun
ciated by him in his Rochester speech, be
elected President of the United States, and
in niy opinion, there are more than one of
the Southern States that would take im
mediate steps toward separation. And,
sir, I am free to declare, then, in the Sen
ate, that whenever such an event shall oc
cur, for one, I shall be for disunion, and
shall, if alive, exert all the powers I may-
have in urging iqion the people of my
State the necessity and propriety of an
immediate separation. I know, sir, that
disunion is considered by many as an im
possible thing, may think so at the South,
and loyal subjects. And so it will be in | almighty panacea of some gentlemen.—
this country. The same spirit which I Such an idea is not folly only ; it is trea-
brought about emancipation in the British ! son against the South. The constitution-
islands, will produce it here whenever the ! al power will soon be found; there are
and States who tolerate it The national J and all the Northern i>eople feel assured
welfare demands its extinguishment, and
Congress may and must do it. Here is the
grant and here the necessity and occa
sion of its exercise What is to deter or
hinder; The union of the southern peo
ple in presidential elections ? That is the
that the South can never be driven out of
the Union, no matter what may lie the ag
gression upon their constitutional right
I trust and believe, sir, that they will find
themselves mistaken, whenever a proper
occasion occurs.
Sir, it is not so difficult a matter to dis
solve this Union as many believe. Let tha
Republican party of the North obtain pos
session of the Government, and pass
power is obtained to pass and to enforce ! more clauses than one which would justi-! Wihnot proviso ; or aliolish slavery in the
its decrees. When the present Republi- ! fy such a proceeding upon the part of a j District of Columbia; or repeal the fugi-
can party, or its legitimate successors in ; bold and reckless majority. I have heard tive slave law ; or reform the Supreme
“— <n>«u Li- in.— ■••“'I, in a j Court, and annul the Drcd Scott decision;
Reprc- or do any other act infringing upon tha
a HH _ , . J clau- rights, impairing the equality, or wound-
avenues of commerce and travel, I cannot, | road, and give it the aid of a liberal mail Judiciary, what will stay its hand ? It ses in the Constitution open to construe-1 ing the honor of the Slave States : or let
for the life of me, see what objection there j contract; but I insist that the South shall cannot stand still—if it does, it dies. To tion, that he could drive a four-horse wag- j them elect a President upon the avowed
can be to the exercise of this power, regu-. he put on a perfect equality with the live and reign, it must go on. Step by i on and team through forty places in it,! declaration and principle that freedom, and
luted and controlled always by a sound ■ North. If the North can take the land step it will be driven onward in its mad j and find authority in each to abolish sla- j slavery cannot exist together in the Union,
discretion, as to the objects of the grant 1 and the mail contract, and raise the means career, until slavery is abolished or the j very in the southern States; and so, sir, and that one or (he other must give way,
and the necessity or propriety and value j to construct s northern road, let her do it Union dissolved. One of these two things . when the Republican party obtains the ! and be sacrificed to the other, and the U-
of the proposed road. Believing that we j If the South, with like advantages, cannot is as inevitable as death. j possession and control of the Government, i nion would be dissolved in six months,—
have the power to grant the lands, 1 do ■ do so, let the South suffer from the fail- I know that there are men even in the j President, Congress, Supreme Court, and j 1 do not believe, however, that such a re-
not doubt the expediency of making the j ure. All we want is to have an equal South, who, like the distinguished Sena-. shall feel secure of its power, and confi-; suit could or would be brought about by
grant in this case. If ever there was a j chance. Give us that, and, for one, I shall tor from South Carolina, ague that slave- j dent of success, there will not only be no j a general convention of all tbeslave States;
necessity or propriety in building any j never murmur at or envy the North any ry is stronger and safer now in the Union constitutional harrier to stay its hand, but; it Is doubtful whether all of them could
I shall not consume time in enumera- protest
ting the reasons for the construction of j which the aid of the Government is to he
this road; they are so numerous and so | invoked to construct a work of internal
very obvious that none can doubt, and! improvement which is to be so unequal in
arrangement by strong to carry the election and control 1° adopt.
made to move together toward such a nio-
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the action of the Federal Government In j Sir, there is but one path of safety for| men to us end. Bu, sir, let a single State
my opinion there never was a greater the institution of slavery in the South,! move upon the happening of any of these
...... mistake. Suppose the election of Prcsi- when this mighty northern avalanche of: contingencies ; let her swing out of the
may be said to establish an absolute ne-. its operations; which will confer untold dent were to come oif at this time, and all fanaticism and folly shall press upon as;! Union, and she would of necessity, very
cessity. Nor have I any doubt that Con- ( benefits and blessings upon one, and com-1 the Southern States, including even Ma- and that path lies through separation and soon drag every other slave State with her
gress may authorize and provide for a con-; paratively none upon the other, section of ryland, were united upon a candidate— to a southern confederacy. This is the! or sifter her.
tract with the constructors of this railroad i Ifre L nioa I how many free States would he earn,- ? great ultimate .security for the right®, hon- Whenever any one of the Southern
the transportation of the United States i Sir, this unequal flow of the Govern-! Perhaps California, and Oregon, if she is or, and prosperity of the South. Sir, there States shall secede in vindication of her
mails, troops, munitions of war and other 1 ment money and Government benefits in- j admitted; but not another State. The re- arc even now thousands of her sons who j rights and honor to protect her peculiar
Government property, for a definite period, to the great northern maelstorm has been cent elections show clearly that file Ab<>- believe that the slave States, formed into ; institution from the ruthless assaults of
of years, at a certain annual price, and going on long enough, and shall not con-! litionists have not only a decided but an a separate confederacy, and united under' an anti-slavery majority in Congress, aiffi
, may undertake to pay the contract price,, tinue longer by any vote of mine. I do overwhelming majority, in ever}- free such a government as experience and wls- 1 an attempt be mane to force her back into
1 either in whole or in part, in advance.—! not object to northern prosperity; but I j State on the Atlantic slope. In all the dom would dictate, would combine ele-i the Union, or enforce the decrees of an ar-
This is also a question of mere expedien-insist that in the ' r ' ’ *- -*—**—•- “
cy, within the constitutional powers of: ment money and ]
Congress, and only to be guided and gov- i shall be put on i
erned by a sound and proper discretion.— j statistical tables _ . Hi _ ,, . „ ,
If therefore, by the exercise of these con- tures were consulted, it would appear that • of the distinguished Senator from Illinois number. This is not the tiiA or place to 1 for a moment to come to her relief ami
stitutional powers, and within a wholesome more than three-fourth® of the money and [Mr. Douglas] as a victory of soun d De- 1 enter upon the discussion orthis proposi- join her in the assertion of an honorable
[discretion, the construction of this great lands expended, by the Government have ! mocracy. It was a victory of Free-Soil' tion; if it were, the demonstration of its independence, and the formation of anoth-
work of public necessity and usefulness! been appropriated" to the North and West, Democracy over Abolition Whiggery, and truth would be easy and irresistible. But er and better Union? Such a movement
can be secured and accomplished. I think comprising the free States of this Union.. no more; and I woul l not give a copper whether this be so or not—whether the 1 would necessarily result either iri the fer
tile obligation upon us to exercise the power It is all wrong, sir. If either section is to for the difference. So far as the South southern States would be better off in a mation of a confederacy of all the slave
, is imperative. But sir, whilst I am a warm ‘ have the advantage, it should be the wea-' and her constitutional rights are concern- sejiarate confederacy or in the present U- States, or to amendments of the present
advocate for the construction of this road, ker one. The North boasts of her supe- cd. it eras a victory over her and over nion, one tiling is certain; and that is, Constitution, placing their righto and
and am ready and wil.ing to grant Gov-' rior numerical strength and her great pre- them. I would not turn on iny heel for that no Union, or no slavery, will sooner equality upon a firmer and better basis
ernment aid, within the constitutional ponderanee in wealth, and yet her Sena- choice between the Wilmot proviso and or later be forced upon the ehoice of the than at present, as the condition upon
bounds, and to a reasonable extent, I am tors aud Representatives in Congress let thosquatter-eovereigntg. doctrine and pol- southern people. I do not say, sir, bowjTffhiA the seceding State or States would
not willing to vote an acre of land or a no opportunity escape, but are ever press- icy of the Senator from Illinois. Indeed, or when the South will decide the queS-; reunite with her former sisters./ To at-
dollar of money towards the construction ing and pushing forward every Govern-' sir, if I was driven to select between them, tion; bot I will say that there is a large tempt to force a seceding State back into
of a Pacific railroad which will be so loca- ment scheme that can add to these elements I should not hesitate for a moment to and growing party in many, if not in all. the Union, with the surrounding States
ted as to confer all its benefits upon one of power on the one hand, or weaken them take the former. It is open, manly, and, of the Southern States, in favor of sepant-, sympathizing with the feelings and causes
section of this Union. I made this objec- on the other. Such, sir, have been the decisive; it settles the question at once; by ration now for causes already existing; as which impelled her to secede, and inser
tion at the last session, and I stand by it. workings of the. Federal Government since debarring the Southern people, in terms, an object both of necessity and political ested in »I that concerned her homwher
at this. . the formation of the Federal Union; and from entering the Territories with their expediency.Terr years ago,, and scarce- rights, and her independence, — ’