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THE HERALD AND ADVERTISER. VOL. XXIII. NEWNAN, GA., FRIDAY, MARCH 2, 1888. NO. 20. SOME SPIfING FACTS AND FANCIES, FOR THE CONSIDERATION OF THE DEAR PEOPLE! THE FARMERS’ ALLIANCE. There’s nothing half so sweet the poet; but, of course, he hadn’t seen those lovely Spring Goods that now decorate my counters, else he would have qualified his re marks. On this ground I can ex cuse him, but upon no other; be cause I have the prettiest, cleanest, nicest line of Spring novelties that were ever offered to the trade, ei- ther here or elsewhere, including Prints, White Goods, Muslins, (checked and barred,) Renfrew Ginghams, Staple and Fancy Notions, and numerous other articles calculated to catch the feminine eye and make glad the hearts of my countrymen. I have no timidity in pushing these goods, because they will float upon their merits. In deed, they are only to be seen to be admired, and in this en terprising age to admire is to buy. In the masculine line I can show a most elegant lot of President Jackson Explains the Ob jects and Purposes of the Organization. Atlanta Constitution, Feb. 2Sth. At last the farmers in the South and West seem to be organizing in earnest. A remarkable movement under the name of the Farmers Alliance was started in Texas about ten years ago. It made considerable headway for the first five or six years, but its real boon: began in 1885. Since that time its growth has been swift beyond prece dent, and it now challenges attention as one of the most earnest and serious organized efforts ever made by any class of people in ajiy country. Within the past year or two the Far mers’ Alliance has taken hold in Geor gia, Alabama, Mississippi and theCaro- . ,. r “ j a *,i iinas. and the Constitution has taken 111 life as love S young dream, saitn t j ie p a i ns t 0 lay before its readers in the city and country a full and unpre judiced and impartial account of the status of this organization, its mem- bers, its purposes, and what it has ef fected up to this date. We felt that this could be done with best authority from the lips of Senator K. II. Jackson, who is the President of the State Alli ance. The Constitution requested from President Jackson this statement, which he gave with pleasure, coming to Atlanta upon our invitation, accompan ied by Mr. i. .T. Stephens, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the State. We commend what follows to the thoughtful consideration of all men in terested in the South, as this move ment has reached such proportions as must challenge the attention of those interested in the public problem, no matter whether they approve or criti cize its purposes. A HISTORY OF THE FARMERS’ ALLI ANCE. “What is the present membership of the Farmer’s Alliance?” . , “We have a million and a half m the Spring Clothing, comprising the latest styl^ and fabri^. and Jv^J'P.i h SS° ‘T'seefrom "S f 1 - - 1 - " " PTC paper this morning that we ha^e six teen thousand members in North Caro lina. These figures, vast as they are, do not give a fair idea of what our membership really is, as our growth is so rapid that no census can be comple ted before our growth would have made the census much below the real figures. I can best illustrate this with Georgia.” “We want to hear about Georgia. What is the history of the organization in the State?” “About nine months ago Mr. J. B. Wilkes, an organizer from the Nation al Alliance, readied Heard county, in this State. He expounded the princi ples of the order, showed the farmers exactly what the Alliance would ac complish, and organized the first sub- Allianee in Troup county, just below the line of Heard. From this mustard seed has grown the great harvest. In about six months he succeeded in organ izing sub-Alliances in seventeen^ coun ties in Georgia. President C. W. Ma- cune. of the National Alliance, then or dered a State convention in Georgia. This was held in Fort Valley on De cember 20th, seventeen counties being represented, with a membership of per haps ten thousand. This convention adopted the constitution and by-laws of the Georgia Farmers’ Alliance. I was elected President; J. S. C. Glenn, j of Thomas county, was elected Vice- | President; P. L. Burks, of Chipley, Secretary; J. H. Daniel, of Sumter, Treasurer; Rev. Simeon Maxwell, of Talbotton, Chaplain. From that date the real growth in Georgia began. I am sure we have added fifteen thou sand .members in the past month. I have at work between twenty and thir ty organizers in the State of Georgia, and I must have a hundred applications now’ on file for new Alliances in this State. The membership in Georgia cannot be less than 30,000 members, against 10,000 two months ago. This illustrates the rapidity of its grow’th, and also emphasizes the need of some purely farmers’ organization, by which the farmers can protect themselves. If there w r as not such a need, and if this need was not understood deep down in the hearts of the farmers, such a growtli would not have been possible. This will illustrate what I mean when I say that could not give vou in figures the probable member ship of the order. It is spreading like a prairie fire.” “How many States are you organiz ed in ?” “There are about fourteen States or ganized, but new ones are being added constantly. For instance, South Caro lina is now taking hold with sub-Alli- ances, and a State convention will be called in a short time. This is the case in many other States.” “Has*the Farmers’ Alliance absorb ed other organizations among far mers ?” “Undoubtedly. I lias absorbed the ‘Farmers’ Wheel,’ which was a very strong organization in the West. It absorbed a farmers' organization of 10.000 members in Louisiana. These other orders have been absorbed by the Farmers’ Alliance simply because it is broader, more comprehensive, more hopeful and more devoted, and proposes a grander work than any or ganization ever offered to the farmers of this country.” “Vou allude above to the needs of the farmer that brought about the Far mers' Alliance ?” “The farmer needed everything. lie needed protection against the mer chant in selling to him at usurious rates on credit, or high goods for cash. He needed protection in the sale of his produce. He needed a bank in which his lands would be security for money at moderate interest. In short, he needed organization, because although the great producer of the country, and in vast numerical majority, he was the helpless and defenseless prey of all trades and all classes through the lack of organization on his part. Every other class and industry was organized. The farmer saw cotton comers made bv speculators, which reduced the price of his cotton when it had to pass out of his hands lie saw syndicates or ganized to inflate the price pf every thing that he bought and reduce the am confident of my ability to please all who may favoi with their custom. Suits range in price from $6 to $30, and were made specially to order, from samples selected by Major Woodroof and myself. This is official, and we have the rai ment to show for it. In addition to the above we have a splendid line of La dies’ and Gents’ Shoes, medium and fine, (all late summer styles.) Al^>, an elegant line of Spring Neckwear and Gents’ Furnishing Goods—the most complete assortment in town. Likewise, a handsome assortment of new and stylish Spring Hats, for men and boys. The celebrated “Pearl” Shirt a specialty. I am also the exclusive agent in Nevvnan -for Nomburg, Kraus & Loura, manufacturing clothiers of New York, and will take your measure and have suits made to order without extra charge, Full line of Spring samples now on hand; fit guaranteed. In the GROCERY line I keep constantly on hand such articles as Flour, Meat, Lard, Sugar, Corn, Meat, Meal, Oats, Bran, Peas, Stock Feed, and everything designed to nourish or tickle the interior of either man or beast. I have a job lot of Tobacco, all grades, which I am offering at a bargain. Also, twenty-five or thirty barrels of new New Orleans Syrup, on ’ the same terms. Cash or On Time, and uniform prices to all—rich or poor. Come and see me; I can do you good. I. P. BRADLEY. Greenville Street, next door to Newnan National Bank. T. E. FELL & CO. HERE IT IS! Oil the axle with “Columbia Axle Oilloosen the hopper, so it can move “up and down” easily. For opening, use a 3.V or 4-xS “sharp pointed” scooter, with a narrow 12-inch scraper. Newnan, Ga., March 2d, 1888. ATLANTA & WEST POINT RAILROAD, WESTERN RAILWAY OF ALABAMA. -v.READ DOW.V.«- -cTIME TABLE NO. 3A*~< -k READ UP.-:-: Local | Cannon j Fast | Local | Pafs’i'i Ball, Mail Mail (daily) j (daily} (Daily - .Daily ]So. 55-1 Mo. 57. Xo. 53. No. 51. 3 05 pm 8 30pin. 7 JO am j 8 45 am 1130pm! i)40am 12 IS am 1 10 31 am 12 54 am t 10 50 au 127 am' 11 25 am 1 45 an j 11 37 am 21oani| 12 00 m 2 47 am 12 U pm 3 01 am j 12 27 pm 3 50 ami 125 pm <i 15 am 0 42 am 6 5" am 7 30 am; 8 12 an.: -V 8 2(5 ami 1* 25 an ! 9 40 am 12 15 ptr 1 25 pit 2 35 pm 8 04 pm 3 29 pm 3 53 pm 4 05 pm 4 28 pm 4 50 pm 5 00 pm 5 J5 pm In Effect February 5, 1SSS. STATIONS. Lv Selma. A Lv Montgomery A Lv Uoluuibus L- Lv . Opelika A Lv West Point A Lv. I,aG range ..A Lv Hogansville A Lv Grantville -A Newnan A Palmetto A .Fairhurn .A .Atlanta A Lv Lv Lv ! Local Fast Mail Mail : Puilv i Dailv No 50. No. 52. 1110 pm 12 30 pm r 7 20 pm o 30 am i t in * 5 28 pm 3 i2 am * 4 4-> pm 2 42 am 4 15 pm 2 U0 an 3 52 pm 1 29 am r 3 40 pm 1 09 am r 3 17 pm 12 33 am r 2 53 pu. 11 58 pm r 2 42 pm 11 42 pm r 2 09 pm 10 50 pm Cannon i Accom Ball. Im’dt'n Daily; Daily No. 56- jNo. .54. 2 35 pm j 12 50 pm | 8 45 am) 10 05 am! 9 17 am 8 51 am S 00 pm 5 31 an 7 2S pm 8 21 am 7 13 pm 7 ,33 am|6 41 pm 7 SS am !<> (VS pm 7 29 am 554 pm 6 45 aml4 45 pm Cecil Gaubett, General Manager. CHAS. H. CROMWELL. Gen’l Passe nuer Agent. price of everything he sold. The rail-1 on their goods. roads organized against him, the man ufacturers organized against him, and the farmer did not appreciate the fact that he was master of the situation if he was only organized, but was help less because he had not organized. The farmer produces cotton seed and sells it about to individuals. Immedi ately the oil mills organize a trust to handle his product and name its price. He produces sugar, and sells it from hand to mouth. The manufacturers organize a trust to dictate its price, and so in every department. There was a pool in every trade and in every quar ter organized to dictate terms to the farmer, who, ignorant of his strength, submitted. It has been an amazing spectacle, that a class of men, produc ing the basis of our national wealth —say seven-tenths of the whole—the hanking bonus of this government, and furnishing nearly tWree-fourtbs of the votes of tliis country, was without or ganization, without protection, and was the helpless feast of small bands of commercial syndicates that fattened on their gains and kept them poor.” “How does the Farmers’ Alliance propose to remedy these evils?” “By organization and co-operation. Those are the two watchwords. When we get banded together so that ten million farmers will move as one man. the details will settle-themselves. The awful majesty of ten million free men banded together with one purpose, North, South, East and West, will com mand attention.” “What are the immediate details you propose ?” “Let me take my county, Heard, as an example. We appointed a trade committee to call on the merchants of Franklin and ask a bid from each for the Alliance trade. Two merchants made bids which we accepted for the fall and winter trade. These bids were a certain per cent, advance on the cost for cash. These merchants agreed to submit their bills to our trade com mittee and thus guarantee the correct ness of their charges. They were thereupon denominated ‘trade houses’ for Heard county. Our members at once flocked to these stores, carrying the cash with them as a rule. One of the corner-stones of our order is the encouragement of cash buying by far mers.” “What do you save the farmers of Heard county by this course?” “We save them at least twenty-five f er cent, on everything they purchase. think this per centage has been saved in all of the organized counties. I know that the farmers are delighted with the arrangement because it puts money in their pockets on every dollar that they buy, and it takes the farmer out of the hands of the oppressor.” “Wliat effect did this nave on the other stores in Franklin ?” “At first they were disposed to be hostile—naturally, because it took their trade away from them. Men who had been customers of a merchant for ten years would quit him instantly to go to the Alliance trade houses. This rule was almost unbroken and the mer chants who had not been named criti cised us. In January, however, they came in and made a proposition which we accepted, and all the houses of Franklin were named as Trade hous es’ for the Farmers’ Alliance. But they all sell at very much less per cent- age’than they had ever sold before, and agree to mutual co-operation with the Alliance by which their bills can be examined by our committee. This course has added fifty per cent, to the cash buying farmers, and decreased the credit farmers fifty per cent. Many of the Alliances have passed resolu tions that if they cannot pay cash for an article they will do without it. They will eat peas, and corn bread, be fore they will go in'debt for meat and sugar.” r “How many of these ‘trade houses’ have been established in Georgia?” “They are named in every organized county. In some places we have two or three trade houses and in a few’ in stances have none. For instance, the merchants of a place around which the Alliance is not very strong may combine and agree to make no bid for the Alli ance trade. Opposition of this soil we have met by establishing trade houses at some other point in the county. The farmers are determined that they will have at every point in this State and other States a trade house that will rec ognize them, and will furnish them goods for cash at a reasonable advance above cost price.” “How do you propose to enlarge this work ? “Bv establishing exchanges that w’ill sell the farmer’s product, as well furnish him all that he needs. In Tex as this has been largely accomplished. President Macune called for a subscrip tion of three dollars each from every member of the Alliance in that State. This raised a capital of five hundred thousand dollars cash. With this he proceeded to establish exchanges for the sale of cotton, and other produce of the farm, and agencies by w hich the farmers could buy at a reasonable com mission anything they needed on the farm. In many cases there was no charge above the manufacturers’ prices and freight, and at these exchanges as small an article as soap could be bought by any member of the Alliance on these terms. This plan will be adopted in Georgia and other States as we pro- gress. These details will be worked out with great deliberation and care. We propose to take no false or hasty step, but to be wise in the light of the errors made by other fanners’ organi zations. We have shown that by actual experience they save money by club bing together and establishing trade houses. This alone would justify every farmer in the State in joining the Alli ance. We shall not sacrifice the money he makes by this, in any unwise exper iments in other directions, but as our plans develop we shall have perfect methods of selling all we make, and buying all we need through our own agencies, or the agency of those who co-operate with us in sincerity and ear nestness. We do not aim to tear down any legitimate business or industry, but on the contrary to encourage them. But w’e do intend to protect the farmer , from usurious charge and force those j who sell him to take a reasonable profit “The Alliance has other ends than financial ones?” “Of course, for no great movement can succeed by preaching money alone. Here is the formal declaration of our punioses, adopted by ourState Alliance at Fort Valley. They express better than I can tell you our purposes: CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE, OF GEORGIA, Adopted at Fort Valley, December 20,1888. DECLARATION OF PURPOSES. Profoundly impressed that we. the Farmers’ Alliance, united by the strong and faithful ties of financial and hon e interests, should set forth our declaration of intentions; we therefore resolve, 1 To labor for the education of the ogri- cultura classes in the science of economical povern merit. in a strictly non-partisan spirit. 2. To endorse the motto, “in all things.es- sential, unity, and in al things, charity 3. To deveiop a better state, mentally, mor ally, socially, and financially. 4. To create a better understanding tor sus taining civil officers in maintaining law and order. 5. To constantly strive to secure entire har mony and good will among all mankind, and brotherly love among ourselves. t>. To suppress personal, local, sectional and national 'prejudices, all unhealthy rivalry, and selfish ambition. 7. The brightest jewels which it garners are the tears of widows and orphans, and its im perative commands are, to visit the hon es where lacerated hearts are bleeding, to as suage the sufferings! f a brother or a sister, bury the dead, care for the widows and edu cate the orphans, to exercise charity towards offenders. *• <• construe words and deeds in their most favorable light, granting honesty of purpose and good intentions toothers, and to protect, the principles of the Alliance unto death. Its laws are reason and equity, its car dinal doctrines inspire purity of thought and life, its intentions are --peace on earth and good will toward men.’’ “We stand by this declaration. We propose nothing more than it declares, and we will be satisfied with nothing less than it aims at. No man of pa triotism and intelligence can take ex ception to this declaration, which is sound and honorable—and the Alliance stands on this as its platform, its con stitution, and its gospel.” “How is the work of your organiza tion pushed ?” ’ “As president, I appoint organizers. There is a State organizer who has a general supervision. There are twenty or thirty organizers who work in special territories. Mr. J. H. Turner, of La- Grange, is State organizer. An organ izer goes to a rural community. He announces that he represents the Farm ers’Alliance, and appoints a meeting at some convenient place. He declares to those present the purposes of the Alli ance, and if they want to organize he closes the doors and proceeds with his work, which from this point is secret. Me then goes to another part of the county, and when he has organized five or more sub-Alliances in t hat county, lie reports to the president, who then orders the State organizer to proceed to that county and organize a County Alliance. We now have organizers at work in every county in the State.” “What success are the organizers meeting with?” “As 1 have said before, it is simply marvelous. One organizer has organ ized thirty-two Alliances with an aver age membership of twenty-five at the opening. Each Alliance then adds to its own membership as it pleases, until many of them go above one hundred members.” “Who can become members?” “Farmers, mechanics, country school teachers, countrydoctors and ministers. Every man must be above sixteen years of age and a white man. Ladies are eli- gibleto membership, with all the rights and privileges, without fees or dues.” “From whence are you chartered ?” “From the Congress of the United States. Our charter is signed by the President and thus indorsed by the national gOTerhment. I do not know of any organization that has this back ing. Under authority of Congress the national congress has the right to char ter State Alliances, which in turn can charter CountyAlliances, so that we all operate under the authority of our government. Indeed, our Alliance is fashioned after the Government of the United States. We have our President, our Congress and our State Alliances, each w’ith its Federal relations, and our CountyAlliances, each with its State re lations. The humblest officer we com mission has the authority of the Uni ted States back of him.” “You believe, then, in the future of the Alliance?” “I believe that it has the greatest future of any public organization ever yet effected, It lias a potential effect on the finances of the farmer in pro tecting him from the ruinous merchant exchanges under which he has been op pressed for twenty years; blit it aims above finances. It realizes that good THE MARCH MAGAZINES. Harper's for March has a long, inter esting and richly illustrated article, by Edward Bowen Prescott, on “Modern Spanish Art.” Beside the portraits ol -several of the leading Spanish artists, there’is a large number of high class American engravingsjfrom photographs of their pictures taken in Home. “A Visit to a Colonial Estate,” by Freder ick S. Daniel, gives interesting tradi tions of Virginia and the Romancoke estate especially, including Washing tonian relics anu portraits of the laid Gen. Lee and his revolutionary kins man, Light Horse Harry. "The First Fire” is a clever, classic, anti yet hu manly interesting piece of verse, by Julia C. R. Dorr, celebrating the dedi cation of a “virgin hearth.” “Canadian Voyageurs on the Saguenas,” by C. II. Earn ham, is another paper of varied interest in narrative and illustration, giving graphic scenes in the life of luvn bermen. Mr. Charles Dudley Warner begins a series of papers entitled “Stud ies of the Great West.” W. I). How ells continues “A Little Swiss Sojourn’ in his neat, trenchant style. It is illus trated by Reinhart. “Mere Pochette” is a Canadian story by Sarah Orne Jew ett. “A New England Vagabond,” bv Thomas W. Higginson, is a rare piece of revolutionary biography. “In the Red Room” is a White House story. “The Empress Eugenie and the Court of the Tuilleries” is by Anna L. Bicknell. Henry Sedley sketches the history of chess in America. Among the literary notes is to be found a very good idea of the purpose and character of Kinglake’s work on the invasion of the Crimea. Harper & Brothers, New York. Scribner’s Magazine for March open- with the first of two articles on “The Campaign of Waterloo,” by Mr. John C. Ropes. The author made a careful and elaborate study of the battle of Waterloo, and these articles embrace a great deal of valuable original criti cism, as well as a most accurate sun: mary of the established facts with re gard to the movement of the opposing armies during the campaign. The il lustrations are from drawings recently made by Mr. W. T. Smedley. Another illustrated article, of interest to the lovers of literary treasures, is “A Shell of Old Books—Leigh Hunt,” by Mrs. James T. Fields. Franklin Leonard Pope, one of the leading authorities on the practical application of electricity, contributes a clear account of the ori gin, development, and present state of perfection of the electric motor, with its application to various industries. The historical part of the article is un usually interesting with drawings of the first electric motors. Robert Louis Stevenson continues his series of essays with some delightful recollections of “Beggars,” whom he has known,rare old characters, full of eccentricity. This number contains an unusual amount of fiction. The serial, “First Harvests,” by F. J. Stimson, again transfers the action of the story to New York, and contains an amusing picture of the Stock Ex change', gives glimpses of several clubs, formulates thee ode with which a res- oectable voung New Englander face.- the busy scenes of New’ York life, and shows decided modifications which the reality brought about in it. Char- les Scribner’s Sons, H»ew York. — „ The Sugar Trust. j New York World. The effect of the sugar trust wa.- strongly felt two weeks ago in the sale of a cargo of 2100 tons of Manila sugar. This raw sugar from the Manila Islands, in the Pacific ocean, was sold to tin- trust at 4£ cents a pound. In the earl} part of the month similar sugar was quoted at 4£ cents a pound, so in about three weeks’ time the trust has suc ceeded in squeezing the price on raw material. It not only is forcing the importer to sell at a price below the market value of the raw suj?ar, but it is putting up the price of refined sugar. A few months ago the price chargee for granulated sugar was 511-16 cents a pound, whereas the same article is now quoted at 7£ cents a pound. Crushed sugar, which formerly sold a 5f cents a pound, notv brings 8 cents a pound. This difference in the price at whole sale may not seem much, but the mone\ difference on the sugar used through out the country is enormous. The annual consumption of sugar in th< United States is 3,120,000,000 pounds, of which New York city alone uses 78000,- 000 pounds. Putting the average ae vance in price up to date at 1£ cents a pound, there would be an additional profit on sugar consumed in the city of as people cannot come together for good \ $1,170,000, and on the sugar used in th purposes without benefiting each other country the additional profit would and elevating the moral, and social, and ’ ” 1 educational tone of the whole commu nity. We propose not only to save money for ourselves in our actual busi ness but to take cognizance of every thing in education* or in government that appears in relation to the farmer amount to 846,800,000, to help swell the dividends of this gigantic monopol;. which is capitalized at $60,000,000, ai least S40,000,000 of which represent- nothing but water. If this trust keeps on growing, tb< Standard Oil Trust, say well-postec or Ills welfare. We propose to make j merchants, will be but an insignificani ourselves better while we live, and bet- I combination, compared with it, before ter able to maintain ourselves, and we j many years elapse. All this work of propose to take care of the widows and , the trust has been carried on with th the orphans of our comrades when they ; utmost secrecy, and it has been impo.-- are gone. In short, we realize that we sible to get at any facts concerning the have been helpless simply because we | details of the organization. Those con hat e been apathetic and without or- j nected with the trust have refused to ganization. We are coming together as j talk, and the sugar merchants have no! comrades, and the closer we come the | dared to open their mouths about the more tve are convinced that our inter-! matter, lest the trust crush them ow‘ ests are common, and that tve can best j of existence. work our our future by common effort, j and by association and co-operation.” ; A newspaper deals with an entire "What is the official organ of the : community, and cannot stop to chuck Alliance?” j evert’ self-worshipper under the chin “The Southern Mercury,printed at Dal- or tickle ever}’ vain soul in order to see las. Texas. It is a capital paper, edited : j t wiggle and laugh. bysome of the a blest men of the country, j It is owned ;rfid published by ihe Na- Dr. Calhoun Endorses Delectalave. tiuiial banners Alliance, and alreadt i This delightful preparation has called an has immense circulation. Besides the; - „ „ . , Mercury, there are several other inter-1 * 01t R t**e lollowmg endot ement Iro .t esting papers published in interest <>f!Dr. A. W. Calhoun, the eminent occv- the Alliance, some of them being made j list of Atlanta, Ga.: official organs by the order in t lie States in which they are printed. The official organ of the order in our State is the Former's A Waiter, printed at Marianna, Florida ; but our order is growing so rapidly in Georgia, that we think it will be necessary to have an official organ for the Georgia Alliance very soon.” The Georgia Press Association meets at Canton in May. Atlanta, Ga.. Oct. 17. 1885. Dr. C. T. Brackett—My Dear Sir—1 ’ affords us pleasure, after a careful ex amination of the formula of your Di - lectalave, to bear testimony to its va! ue and to state that its curative quali ties are beyond question I regard n. as the name implies, a delightful wash, and can recommend it to the public. A. W. Calhoun, M. D.