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THE PERFUMER’S ART.
Two Processes by Which Odors Are Ex
tracted from Flowers—A < lunlflcstlon.
There are two chief processes by which
odors are extracted and retained. One
is by distillation, or what is called ma
ceration—the essential oil or otto in which
the perfume resides being extracted by
vaporizing from the flowers, leaves and
roots, or other j>ortions of the plant con
taining it. The other, and by far more
delicate and interesting, is by absorption
or enfleurage. This is resorted to in the
case of all the more delicate flowers,
such as the rose, jasmine, tuberose and
cassia, where the essence is so fine that
it has by practiCte been found to be in
jured by beat. The principle of odor-
absorption from flowers is liased simply
on the established law of affinity which
hydio-carlx»ns—that is, beef and mutton
fata—have for jierfumes. When these
have l>een highly purified they catch,
and in catching concentrate and inten
sify, the odors communicated to them.
The modus ojierandi is of the simplest
and is not at all times of the clean*-st.
The visitor to the perfume factory would
seo multitudes of wooden frames having
rims about three inches in depth, in
which are set several sheets of glass.
These frames are lifted to a bench and
all the glasses are spread over with layers
of pure fat, somewhat less than a quarter
of an inch thick, and over this fat are
carefully shed the leaves of whatever
flowers may he plentiful at the season,
fresh and full of odor. After the flower
leaves are spread out, the glasses are re
placed in the frame, one on top of the
otl>er, till each frame looks like a solid
box of fat. Next the frames are slid
into boxes made to receive them, some
thing like our strawberry boxes, and
these are then closely shut. In a very
short time the fat will have caught all
the odor, and having caught it will hold
it, too, so that it can be conveyed unin
jured hundreds of miles.
The next question is to free the im
prisoned spirit. The fat is cut.up into
small square portions and put ‘into al
cohol. The delicate essence at once parts
from its coarser companion, and uniting
ing itself to the alcohol is lit for the
market.
Another method, but not so commonly
followed, is to spread the flowers upon
cloths saturated with oils, which, when
the absorption is supposed to have ended,
avo placed in a press and the impregnated
oil squeezed out.
In the preparation of scents the an
cients, as in so many, many other things,
anticipated in principle at least the most
recent methods approved of science. The
absorbing substance with them was ben
oil, obtained from the Moringa, a tree
growing in Egypt, India and Ceylon. It
bears a pod containing several peculiar
shaped, three cornered seeds, from which
a pure and scentless oil is obtained. Cot
ton was soaked in the oil and placed in
layers between the flowers and then
pressed down in a water kith for about
twenty-four hours.
Evidently, too, the method has not
varied much in different periods, for Cul
pepper in his “English Physician,” pub
lished in 1G5S, gives the following receipo
for the process:
“Having bruized the herbs or flowers
you would make your Oyl of, put them
in an earthen j>ot, and to two or three
handfuls of them pour a pint of Oyl,
cover the pot with a paper and set it in
the sun, nlxmt a fortnight or less, ac
cording as the sun is in hotness; then, hav
ing warmed it very wel by the fire, press
out the herbs, etc., very hard in a press,
and add as many more herbs to the same
Oyl, bruize (the herbs, 1 mean, not the
Oyl) in like manner, set them in the sun
as before; the oftener you repeat this the
stronger will your Oyl be; at last when
you conceive it strong enough boyl both
herbs and Oyl together till the juice be
consumed, which you may know by its
leaving bubbling, and the herbs will he
crisp, then strain it while it is hot, and
keep it in a stone vessel for your use."
The number of so called perfumes is
without end and is largely a matter of
fashion. Still, various standing divisions
of odors have been made, the most elab-
orate of them all being that of Rimrnel.
Ilis classification comprises only the
pleasant odors, and is liased on a princi
ple that just its there are primary colors
from which all secondary shades are pro
duced, so there are primary odors with
types, all other aroma being more or less
closely connected with them. Of these
types he finds eighteen groups.—San
Francisco Chronicle.
A CHAPTER ON “LOCUSTS."
Method* of Making Manic—Burrowing la
the Ground—A Puzzling Question.
There are several kinds of cicada about,
including the seventeen-year and the
thirteen-year “locusts,” which are no
locusts at all. but real cicadas. The one
that makes most of our summer music is
an annual visitor. They all live in the
grub state most of their lives, then come
out of the ground, crawl tip a convenient
tree, fasten in their claws, rip open tlveir
skins along the hark, and then, by a
series of patient efforts, crawl out. or
lack out of the crack, perfect insects.
They have now long gauzy wings, wide
heads and handsome, large eyes. \\ hen
they first emerge their wings are folded
and wet. Their first need is to dry off;
so their wings are slowly unfolded and
fanned gently against the air. Mean
while the juicy creature evaporates a
good deal of its bulk, and is soon well
shaped for flight.
In alout one hour it is ready for flight,
ami lakes a perch higher among the
limbs, when the males begin at once to
strike their love notes. The music is
marie by tiie vibration of chords in a hol
low in their sides, behind their wings,
the vibration striking a tightly drawn
membrane above them. The rapid alter
nation of contracting and relaxing these
chords produces the noise which we call
a buzz or whiz. The seventeen and thir
teen year cicadas, or “locusts.” come
out about a month earlier, and their hab
its while outside, as true insects, are
about the same as those of the annual
visitor. They eat and lay eggs for about
six weeks, and then die. The stimulat
ing noises are not heard beyond August.
I have seen a whole handful of the de
serted eases or skins of the pupae left
sticking on the trees about our cottage.
It is curious how perfect they stand, and
yet how empty. It is still more curious
to observe the contrast between the sense
organs of the perfect insect and those of
the pupae. The latter has spent his life
under ground and is shaped for that sort
of life, a narrow head for pushing through
the dirt, sharp claws to dig with and no
wings. He is peculiarly fitted with organs
to secrete abundant moisure and to ex
crete it, so that as he tunnels his burrows
are made waterproof with sticky excre
tion. As his time for egress comes his
skin hardens and he can no longer freely
execute, so that the insect that is'sliaped
inside is a sappy, wet affair when it first
emerges.
We can trace these changes in the
lives of creatures, but can we, after all,
explain them? There are no mechanical
laws that can account for the transfor
mation from underground burrowers to
big eyed, broad winged flying creatures.
Still more impossible is it to explain the
law or instinct of love that brings the
sexes together and liegins another round
of existence. The mother cicada lays
her eggs near the tips of limbs of ash, or
hickory, or oak, or maple trees. In
about six weeks they hatch, and imme
diately fall or jump to the ground and
begin to burrow. The seventeen year
sort burrows during all that number of
years and then comes out for its brief
life of wings and love. But the annual
sort, of course, only burrows for about
ten months or a little more.
1 wish you would explain to me how
they eyer learned to do tliis work, either
below or above ground. John tells me
to read Darwin and I will find that it
me about by a natural process, or
“natural selection.” That the first ci
cada was a creature that tried to hide
itself, and burrowed slightly. Those
that burrowed best were safest, and 60
the burrowing instinct was slowly
formed. But how about these seventeen
year creatures? I suppose a good deal of
our trouble in thinking out these prob
lems is because we have no idea how tiny
brains or mere nerve centers think and
what they are capable of purposing.
Very clearly, we do not do so much of
the thinking of the world as we some
times suppose that we do. And those
people who deny reason of any sort to
the animal world simply show that they
themselves are unable to reason. There
is thought all alxiut us. and planning,
and memory, and deliberate adaptation.
When you say the insect works by in
stinct, you have still to explain instinct.
—Mary E. Spencer in Globe-Democrat.
COLE’S DRUGS!
oooosooo oocoo
SEED COTTON ELEVATOR DR J - T - HEESE -
Professional <£ar5s.
W. H. BINGHAM,
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, G*.
(Office over Newnan National Bunk.)
ocooorc roo^oo
HAS A FULL STOCK OF DRUGS and
MEDICINES,
Pmmnt attention to nil business en-
t rusiril to his care. Special attention to col
lections.
L. P. BARNES,
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, G»
Office up-stairs ovet B. S. Askew A Co.’s.
1 Will add to the popularity of your Gin because it cleans
BROSHES. PUTTY,
WINDOW GLASS,
PERFUMERY AND
PAYSON S. iWHATLEY,
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, Ga
the cotton and thus IMPROVES THE SAMPLE, save?-
labor, lessens the danger from FIRE, and makes the TOILET ARTICLES!
COST OF GINNING LESS.
Will prnctice In *11 the Court* mid glv»
prompt attention to ali busiuees placed in hlf
hands. Examination of titles, writing deed#,
mortgages, contract*, etc., will receive spe
cial attention. Office over Askew's store.
L
Our Elevator is sold for less than half the cost of any
Ml'SIl A L INS Tit l MEN TS,
NOTIONS, GA It DEN SEEDS,
VIOLIN A- GUI TA It STRINGS,
CIGARS, TOBACCO AND SNUFF.
M. FARMER.
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, Ga.
(Office over First National Bunk.)
Will practice in at’, the Courts of Coweta
Circuit. All Justice Courts attended.
other system of handling cotton.
We have just received a car-load of
PIPING,
LAMPS & CHIMNEYS,
Kerosene by the barrel,
shipped either from Newnan
or Atlanta.
GEO. A. CARTER,
Attorney at Law,
Grautville, Gm.
Will practice in all the Courts ot the Cir
cuit, and elsewhere by special agreement.
SPECTACLES, IN GREAT VARIETY
SODA WATER
FROM THE BEST MATERIALS.
J. C. NEWMAN,
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, Georgia.
Will practice in the Superior and Jtn-lio*
Courts of the county anil circuit, and else
where by specidf agreement.
CW Prescriptions put up with great care,
j and from the best and purest drugs. We
From the Pittsburg Mills, and can sell at prices that woulc jlrS caiuo/^usanil »*Ln\i r S. nable
surprise you. You can not afford to be without
PROTECTION FROM FIRE
when pipe is so cheap.
GREENVILLE STREET Newnan, Ga.
Save your boilers by having our
it
JET” PUMP
to raise water from well. It is cheap and the best mean?
on earth for raising water.
Inquire about our anti-Wind Mill Water System.
R. D. COLE MANUFACTURING CO..
NEWNAN, GEORGIA.
ALLIANCE WAREHOUSE.
W. S. ASKEW,
General Manager.
J. EL RUSSELL,
General Superintendent.
ARNOLD,
BURDETT & CO.
W. A. TURNER,
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, Ga
Practices in all the State and Federal Court*
Office No. 4 Opera House Building.
W. Y. ATKINSON,
Attorney at Law,
Newnan, Ga
Will practice in all Court* of this and
adjoining counties and the Supreme Court.
HAVE JUST RECEIVED
IN
CAR LOAD LOTS
G. W. PEDDY, M I)..
Physician ami Surgeon,
Newnan, 3a.
(Office over W. K. Avery’* Jewelry Store.
Offers his services to the people of Newnan
and surrounding country. Alt calls answered
promptly.
T.’B. DAVrS, M. I).,
Physician and Surgeon,
Newnan, Ga
FOOS’ FEED AND COTTON
SEED MILLS.
Offers Ills professional services to the citl
zens of Newnan and vicinity.
All sizes. The same that we
have sold in such quantities,
and which have given univer
sal satisfaction.
w I N SH I P’S
Gins, Feeders and Conden
sers, and Cotton Presses.
VAN WINKLE’S
Gins, Feeders and Conden
sers, and Cotton Presses.
Composition of Bridal Wreath*.
The Roman bridal wreath was of ver
bena. plucked by the bride herself. Holly
wreaths were sent as tokens of congratu
lation, and wreath of parsley and rue
were given under a belief that they were
effectual preservatives against evil spirits.
The hawthorn was the flower which
formed the wreaths of Athenian brides.
At the present day the bridal wreath is
almost entirely composed of orange
blossoms on a background of maidenhair
fern, a sprig here and there of stephan-
otis blending its exquisite fragrance.
Much uncertainty exists as to why this
blossom lias been so much worn by
brides; but the general opinion seems to
be that it was adopted as an emblem of
fruitfulness. The custom of using orange
blossoms at bridals lias been traced to
the Saracens, among whom the orange
blossom was regarded as a symbol of a
prosperous marriage, a circumstance
•which is partly to be accounted for by
the fact that in* the East the orange tree
bears ripe fruit and blossoms at the same
time.—Deinorest t Monthly.
A Ride In a Barrel.
The latest amusement at Brussels is
riding on “Le Cheniin do Fer de l’Ar-
mour, ” or the “Topsv-turvv ” rail wav.
It consists of an enormous barrel opened
at the end, and grooved so as to run
upon a set of rails which slope in the
center. On each side of the barrel is a
seat, and on each seat three passengers
sit, being strapped round the waist, and
having their feet in straps, wliiie with
their hands they hold on to the seats.
The barrel is set in motion, and goes
down the incline and up the other side,
the passengers turning round and round
with it. The journey is a short one, the
barrel rolling completely over ouiy four
times, and then stopping with its passen
gers seated right side up again. The
fare is 30 centimes. Many women ride
in it, their skins fastened by a strap at
the ankle.—New York iSun.
Tin- Yellow Fever Bacillus.
Dr. H. C. Bernays was asked what he
knew about the yellow fever bacillus.
“Nothing, and I do not believe any
one does. Dr. Domingo Frere, of Rio
Janeiro, claims to have identified it, and
his utterances and writings created a pro
found sensation, but sanitarians and phy
sicians do not accept his conclusion. Two
American physicians, one an unknown
in Nebraska, have claimed to have made
the same discovery. Personally, I do not
believe that the micrococci in this disease
have been identified at all. Dr. Brewer,
of tin* city, a profound student and ex
perimenter in this branch of medical
science, 1 understand, repudiates the
Brazilian ilu-ory.
“As to the destruction of microbes, it
is my opinion that any forces, such as
gases or heat, that will destroy the germs
will also destroy ail vegetable and. animal
life coming within their influence. The
medical profession knows a great deal
about disease germs. The bacillus of
consumption has been discovered, identi
fied and photographed, yet the forces
necessary to the extermination of the
germs will sure.*- kill the patient. Pri
vately. I think that the man who got up
tins scheme of bombarding the microbes,
is a student of human nature who, by
this means of a supposed struggle with
the disease, seeks to divert the minds of
the people from the peril which surrounds
them. The cannonading can do no harm,
and if it makes some people believe that
it is doing good, why so much is gained.”
—Globe-Democrat.
The Farmers’ Alliance will, on the ist day of
September, open for business in the city of
Newnan, a warehouse. The undersigned have
been elected as managers, with full power to conduct and con-
! trol the same. They are responsible for any losses that may
1 be sustained through the neglect or mismanagement of the
employeess. We have rented the house known as the Rus
sell Warehouse, which is one of the best in the city, being
large and well suited for the business. We have employed
; Mr. J. H. Russell to superintend the business. Mr. Russell
has for several years conducted business at this stand. His
moral character and business qualifications are too well known
to require comment here. We well keep at the scales a com
petent and trustworthy weigher. Our charges will be reason
able. We have also arranged to make liberal advances, at
reasonable rates, to those who wish to store and hold their
cotton for spring prices. We solicit the patronage of all far
mers in this and adjoining counties, and ask a liberal share of
the buyers and merchants of the city. We extend to and ask
of the managers of other warehouses the usual business cour-1
itesies. We shall make no radical changes in the usual meth- j
ods, but conduct it on sound business principles. To the Al-i
iliance brethren of the adjoining counties we extend a cordial
invitation to bring your cotton to this city and weigh with us.
To the members of the Farmers’ Alliance in this county we!
desire to say, this is a business enterprise of your own crea- i
tion, (through your delegates,) managed by men of your own
selection. Brethren, let there be perfect unity among us and
business success will crown our efforts.
Warehouse Committee—W. S. Askew, E. B. Wilkinson,!
fE. S. Daniel, H. A. Martin, P. M. Waltom, J. D. Arnold, D.,
Houston. W. M. Redwine. A. B. Brown, L. P. Reedwine, A.
H. Benton, W. S. Copeland, J. P. Jones, S. G. Allen.
Cheapest insurance rates of any warehouse in the city.
SMITH’S SONS & CO.’S
GINS. (Improvement on
Pratt’s celebrated Gins.)
BROWN’S
P&IIIUni
A Most Effective Combination.
This well known Tonic and Nervine is gaining
great reputational acura for Debility, Dyspcp-
sia, and NERVOUS disorders. It relieve* all
languid and debilitated conditions of the sys
tem ; strengthens the intellect, and bodily function**
builds up worn ont Nerves : aids digestion ; re
stores impaired or lost Vitality, and bring* back
youthful strength and vigor. It is pleasant to th*
taste, and used regularly braces the System agouti
the depressing influence of Malaria.
Price—$1.00 per Bottle of 24 ounces.
FOB SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.
Gins, Feeders and Conden
sers.
SKINNER
Engines. From 4 to
Horse-Power.
2 so !
^IPFull line of best make
BUGGIES and HARNESS,
in ware-rooms.
Try us before you purchase.:
Sales made for CASH or on
TIME.
Tlie best Cough Medi
cine is Peso’s Cuke j-or
Coxscmphox. Children
take it without objection.
By all druggists. Zoc.
ip fS er*sr C 0 R'E“?FO R
Insure your houses against
Tornadoes and Cyclones,
with
H.C. FISHER & CO., Ag’ts.,
Newnan, Ga.
The safest Companies and
CURES WHERE ALL ELSE EAILS.
Best Cough Syrup. Tastes good. Ds(
in time. Sold
Id by druggie la.
CONSUMPTION
THAT FIGHT
The Original Wins.
C. F. Simmons^ St. Louis, Prop'r
M. A. Simmons Liver Medicine, Est’d
1S40, in the U. S. Court defeats J.
H. Z oil in, Prop’r A. Q. Simmons Liv-
lowest rates.
MONEY FOR FARMERS
How to Treat Suspicions.
There are two ways to dispose of a sus
picion, and one of these should always be
accepted. It may either be sifted to the
bottom, and its truth or error be estab
lished once for all, or it may be aban
doned as unworthy of a place in the
thoughts. Which of these two methods
to adopt must depend upon many circum
stances. If there are grave interests to
justice involved, as in the case of sup
posed dishonesty, if the fault we fear is
one with which we have personal concern,
and if the suspicion appears to be well
founded, then undoubtedly it is our duty
to examine it.—Once a Week.
DONAHUE, JUDSON, & CO.
HOUSE AND SIGN
PAINTING & PAPER HANGING,.
I am prepared to negotiate!
loans on improved real estate j
at a total commission of 11 |
per cent, with interest at 8 per 1
cent, payable once a year, to-
wit: oi December ist.
L. M. FARMER. ;
Newnan, Ga.
V’tH.
er Regulator, Est’d by Zc-iiin iS6i.
M. A. £>. L. M. hits for 47 year*
cured Indigestion, Biliousness,
Dyspepsia,Sick Headache,Lost
Appetite, Sour Stomach, Etc.
Rev. T H. Reams, Pastor M. E.
Church, Adams, Tenn., writes: “1
" it: I should nave been dead but
fyr your Genuine M. A. Sim
mons Eiver Medicine. I have
sometimes had to substitute
‘‘Zeilin’s stuff” for your Medi
cine, but it don’t answer the
purpose.”
XJr. j. R. Graves, Editor The
Baftisi, Memphis, Tenn. says:
received a package of vourLiver
Medicine, and have used half of it.
It works like a charm. I want no
bett-.r Eivcr Regulator and cer-
no more of Zeilin’s mixture.
«r TK
UCUHT3
20 S. BROAD STREET, ATLANTA, GA. DR. THOMAS J. JONES.
Country work solicited.
j Respectfully otters his servicef^to the jseop!
n Net
ewnari aacl vicinity. Office on L>epc
street. R. H. Barnes’ old jewelry office. Res- j
idenceon Denot street, third building east o-
M c CLENDON & CO.,
A. a- W. P. depot.
PRINTERS, STATIONERS AND BINDERS.
Of Interest to ladies.
We will gen \ .% FREE SAMPLEcfour wonderful
pjx<inc Lr ? mai- complaints to anyJa^y who wirL a
to t***t its efficacy bofor • purchasing. S*nd stamp for
postage. hAKtS Si,.V.£DY CC.,Bax 104, BulUlo.N.Y.
PARKER’S
. HAIR BALSA
Cleanses and beautifies the
Promotes a luxuriant growth
Never Fails to Restore
Hair to its Youthful Co.
iCuredgcalr diseases and hair i
•m 4 - at Dnif»erist.«i.
PARKERS GINGER TONIC
.a*a-uurtt tor ^CLgoi, Coiaa, xuwara Fauu. Exhaustion.
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