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News Review of Current
Events the World Over
William Green Says Labor Must Force 30-Hour Week—
Gen. Johnson and Business Leaders Discuss
Future of the NRA.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
N()’l‘l(!E 1g served on the nation that
the 20-hour work week will be
forced on industry, by organized labor
by the use of widespread strikes, if
necessary. This I 8 the
dietum of William
Green, president of
the American Federa
tion of Labor, and it
causes consternation
fn the administration
a8 well as grave
alarm fin the country
generally., Green, In
his May day address
to workers, says the
New Deal has failed
to remedy the unem-
a7,
A ‘
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{ / ;q/
Willilam Green
ployment situation, since there are still
more than ten millions without jobs.
The 80-hour week, he says, 1s the only
remedy avallable since if all industries
not yet under codes are brought under
them, the resulting re-employment will
not give work to these millions.
Just before Green issued this state
ment, President Roosevelt had appar
ently declined to support the Connery
bill legislating a 30-hour week for ail
industry ; and General Johnson has re
cently abandoned as not feasible the
plan for forcing a 10 per cent reduc
tion in working hours.
RICI’]'{ESENTA’]‘XVIG BERTRAND
SNELL of New York, minority
leader in the house, says the perfod of
emergency I 8 over, so he and the rest
of the Republican leaders feel free
now to demand that the emergency
laws and bureaus be dispensed with.
An amazing phase of the controversy
over the New Deal thus comes to
light. The opponents of the adminis
tration virtually concede that Presi
dent Roosevelt and his advisers have
won their fight against the depression
and declare that normal conditions
have been restored or are at hand,
But the President and the other New
Dealers deny that the battle is over
and assert that their recovery meas
ures must be continued In force. At
the same time they insist that they
are not seeking to change the Amer
lcan system to state soclalism, collec
tivism, communism, fascism, and
that what they are accomplishing is
“evolution, not revolution.”
Thus a most peculiar situation in
politics is created, and the man in the
street Is walting Ipterostedly to see
how It will be handled in the coming
campaign,
LEM’)ERS of business from all parts
of the country gathered in Wash
ington for the annual meeting of the
United States Chamber of Commerce,
and naturally the
topic for discussion
was the NRA, con-!
cerning which varying i
views were offered. |
President Henry I,
Harriman declared
that industry is will
ing to accept the Pres- |
ident's suggestion of
a permanent NRA if
modifications and re
strictions are placed
on the broad authority
granted Mr. Roosevelt during the
emergency last year.
On the other hand, Silas H. Strawn,
former head of the chamber, attacked
what he termed the abandonment of a
scheme of gevernment which has made
“us happier and more prosperous than
any other nation.” He called for a
three-way action by Mr. Roosevelt:
Balancing of all governmental bud
gets, a definite announcement that
there will be no more requests for
emergency legislation and “no more
tinkering with the dollar,” and a re
vision of the securities act and pro
posed stock-exchange legislation.
At a dinner Gen. Hugh 8. Johnson
was the chief guest and after his ad
dress he submitted to an inquisition
on the present and prospective poli
cles of the NRA. Asked directly if the
principles embodied in the recovery
act were to be permanent, he replied:
“If there has been any good dem
onstrated by the recovery act, it will
live and it ought to llve; if there has
been any bad it will die and it ought
to die.”
Admitting that there has been a
lapse in public interest and enthus
jasm, the general sald a new cam
paign to make the nation Blue Eagle
conscious was being mapped. He also
admitted that the controversy between
labor and industry Is becoming more
acute. He expressed the opinion that
the ideal relationship between labor
and management had been worked out
in the bituminous ceal industry,
Generally, the members of the Cham
ber of Commerce agreed that the first
year under the NRA had brought eco
nomic Improvement. Some of their
suggestions for speeding the recovery
program were:
Another §£2,000,000,000 for public
works In order to help the laggard
heavy industries.
Co-ordination of all land, water, and
air transportation under a federal com
mission and a cessation of federal sub
sidies for Inland waterways,
Relaxation of the present rigid se
curity act and a softening of the pend
ing stock exchange bill.
Approval by congress of the Pres!
dent's tariff bargaining plans as a
means to reviving foreign trade,
Abandonment by the administration
of its demand that industry cut® its
working hours 10 per cent and raise
its pay rolls 10 per cent,
Control of bituminous coal produc
tion by a system of quotas and penalty
taxes on overproduction,
J'US'l‘ a few hours before General
Johnson had spoken in aigh praise
of the bituminous coal settlement,
Federal District Judge Charles I. Daw
son in Louisville held unconstitution
al the code arranged for that industry,
as applied to local business, and
granted a temporary Injunction re
straining the government from foreing
the code upon unwilling operators in
western Kentucky,
The operators, who claim to have
$50,000,000 invested in the mines,
chiefly in Hopkins, Muhlenberg, Union
and Webster eounties, protested vig
orously when the code recently was
formulated providing for $4.60 a day
for seven hours work.
HAI{IHMAN is a rather small city
in Tennessee but it has' present
ed the NRA with a troubling problem.
The town depends largely on the Har
riman Hoslery mills, and that concern
was ordered to surrender its Blue
Eagle because of charges that it had
violated section 7TA of the natlonal re
covery act, Within a few hours the
whole town was In revolt, Fifty-six
merchants and other business men re
moved their Blue Eagles and wired to
Washington for instructions on what
to do with them,
THAT a general wage increase at
this time will hinder rather than
ald in national economic recovery is
the contention of the heavy goods In
dustries, set forth In a report to Gen
eral Johnson by George . Houston,
chairman of the durable goods indus
tries committee, The report reasserts
faith in the company unlon, approves
of emergency price fixing and attacks
the Wagner bill as encouraging indus
trial strife,
ATTORNEY GENERALCUMMINGS
feels that the forces of the De
partment of Justice are inadequate to
cope with the gangsters, and will ask
congress for about $2,000,000 in excess
of the $28,700,778 authorized the de
partment for the fiscal year 1935,
Next year's appropriation is the low
est granted the Justice department
since the war.
With the additional money the at
torney general contemplates purchas
ing for the division's agents a fleet of
high-powered automobiles, a few ar
mored cars and ample guns and am
munition. Likewlse the force of in
vestigators will be added to, and there
is a possibility that the division's 24
field offices will be increased.
WHEN the senate commitiee on
privileges and elections opened
the hearings on the demands that Sen
ators Huey P, Long and his political
Sl e
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T st
Gen. Johnson
follower, John H.
Overton of Loulsiana
be deprived of their
seats, the political
groups that have been
seeking especially to
oust the “kingfish” re
mained in the back
ground and left it to
the women of Loul
siana to take the lead
in the fight. These
women are headed by
Mrs. Hilda Phelps
Hammond, who has
been indefatigable in the campaign
against Long and his crew.
The women were represented as
counsel by Gen. Samuel T. Ansell, war
time acting Jjudge advocate general,
who has pending against Long a suit
for libel. His opening statement dis
pelled the idea that Long's opponents
would be satisfied to let Overton re
main in the senate if the “kingfish"
were thrown out,
“We expect to prove,” said General
Ansell, “the charge that there: was
fraud in the 1932 Louisiana primaries
sufficient to vitiate the election of
Senator Overton; that Senator Over
ton was an active perpetrator of that
fraud; that Senators Overton and
Long were designers' and instigators
of that frand.”
WH,LIA;\! H. WOODIN, who was
President Roosevelt's first secre
tary of the treasury, has passed away,
succumbing to the throat affection
that foreed his resignation from the
cabinet last December. In his death
the country loses a business man of
the highest type and a gentleman
who had the respect and affection of
all who knew him. He became presi
dent of the American Car and Found
ry company in 1916, and also was
president of the American Locomotive
company. His Interests were varied,
for he was musician, composer, art
lover and student of government as
well as leader in industry. He was
long a personal friend of Mr. Roose
velt and, though a Republican, was
one of the first selections for the
President’s cabinet and worked hard
so tong as his health permitied.
[EXACTLY 86 years from the day
i Admiral Dewey destroyed the
| Spanish fleet in Manila bay, the legis
i lature of the Philippines accepted the
new offer of the United States for the
independence of the islands as em
| bodied in the Tydings-McDuffie act.
f Under the terms of the measure,
Ithe Filipinos will obtain complete in
| dependence in 1945. During the inter
| vening years a commonwealth govern
| ment, to be set up probably next year,
| will govern the islands,
f With acceptance of the act the Fil
| ipinos ceased to be nationals of the
| United States and became subject to
| the rigid immigration laws. Only 50
| may enter this country yearly. The
| status of an estimated 60,000 Filipinos
in the United States as well as the in
ternational status of the entire island
population during the transition pe
| tlod remains in doubt, due to the word
| ing of the measure.
i FEI)EIKAL agents belleve they have
i uncovered a great ring of crooks
| for the handling of money derived
from kidnapings, bank robberies and
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John J.
| McLaughlin
% custody was John J, McLaughlin, for
} merly a state legislator and a political
| boss in Chicago, suspected of being a
i leader in the disposal of the “hot
! money.” The specific charge against
| him I 8 conspiracy in the kidnaping of
| Bdward Bremer, St. Paul banker, for
| whose release a ransom of $200,000
| was paid. The federal agents were
| diligently searching for William Elmer
| Mead, a notorious crook, who |is
| thought to have directed the kidnap
| ers.
| McLaughlin confessed that he had
| handled some of the Bremer ransom
| money, and his son was arrested with
' part of it in his pocket.
! i
1
| WHL‘N the administration’s bill for
I reduction of cotton production
| was under consideration its opponents
| argued in vain that it would work
| grievous injustice to thousands of ten
| ant farmers and ‘“croppers” in the
| South. Secretary of Agriculture Wal
! lace now finds this prediction was well
| founded, his information coming from
. Dr, Calvin B, Hooker of Duke univer
| gity whom he requested to make an
i investigation, Mr, Wallace now plans
the establishment of a compliance
ibonrd to inquire into complaints of
| tenants, At the same time the enfibrcc
| ment of cotton reduction contracts will
| be tightened to prevent farm owners
! from ousting tenant farmers and farm
| workers because of the reduced
. amount of production.
{ S
1
! S[’EAKING to about two million
} Germans at the Templehof airport
| outside of Berlin, Chancellor Hitler
| .deflantly denied Germany’'s war guilt
I and declared the reich has been a vie
| tim of the war. He warned the world
Ingnln that Germany no longer was
| willing to accept discrimination
| against her by the former allied pow
| ers, and declared that day of “spine
! less submission” was at an end.
l Referring to his anti-Jewish policy,
| Hitler said:
| “Jewish writers sought to make the
! sickle and hammer (of Soviet Russia)
.the symbol of internationalism and
they almost succeeded, but the Nazis
! make these tools again the symbol of
| the community, the farmer and the
| laborer.”
| RN
} M.»\JURITY and minority reports of
i the investigation into Dr. Wil
l liam A, Wirt’'s “red plot” stories werae
i made to the house, and they were just
| what had been expected. The major
' ity of the committee held that Wirt's
1 charges were untrue and that his com
;,pnnlons at the famous dinner party
i did not make the statements he had
| attributed teo them. Representatives
| McGugin and Lehlbach, the Republican
! minority members of the committee
| characterized the investigation as a
§ “repudiation of all precedents” and in
| dicative of intentions to “suppress all
i information” which might directly in
-1 volve the brain trust.
i JUST before midnight of May 8,
i George V began the twenty-fifth
| year of his reign as king of Great Brit
! ain, Ireland and the British deminions
} beyond the sea and emperor of India.
| By his own choice the anniversary was
| not observed by especial ceremonies,
! but preparations are already under
’ way for a celebration of his silver ju
{ bilee in 1935 that will rival that of
Queen Victoria’s golden jubilee in
l 1887. In his 24 years on the throne
(George has earned the high esteem of
1 the world and has proved himself a
real leader and, in the minds of the
i British, all that a king should be.
! HE senate by acclamation accept
' Ted the conference report on the
i 1934 revenue me:'zsure. which provides
| for an increase in taxes of $417,000,-
1 000. The Couzens amendment for a
10 per cent increase in Income tax,
I which the house rejected, was cut ont.
| “DEAD“ for more than a year, the
Austrian parliament came to
life long enough to approve, by a vote
of 74 to 2. the new Constitution and a
mass of laws decreed by Chancellor
Dollfuss since March 8, 1933, The new
Constitution abolishes parliaments and
also does away with trial by jury.
@® by Wastern Newspaper Union.
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PEMBROKE JOURNAL
swindles. They al
ready have arrested a.
number of men and
are hurrying to get
others before they
are put out of the
wiay by members of
the gang, as has been
done before. The ring,
it is said, has been
operating in Chicago,
New York, St. Louls,
Kansgas City and oth
er cities. One of the
first men taken into
THIS WEEK
May Day Not Merry
Giant Bootleg Industry
Good News, New Homes
Conmverting Criminals
May 1 was the day Europe devotes
to labor and radical demonstrations.
Fortunately, this country selects a
later date for Labor day. Even so,
Chicago and New York were on the
alert, fearing that American branches
of Europe's radiealism might become
active by contagion. In Paris alone,
40,000 guards, many tanks and ma
chine-gun - patrols filled the streets.
Several were injured.
There was a general strike in Spain,
and Cuba was worried abopt attacks
on United States property. Such was
the early news.
The advantage of a dictator who
really dictates was shown in Italy,
Germany, Turkey, Russia. In those
countries no May day or Labor day
agitation develops. The people get or
ders and obey them,
In Germany, the day was devoted
to Nazl speeches, telling how much
happier the workingman is under Hit
ler than he ever was before,
In Italy, Turkey and Russia, it was
“business as usual,” with the dictator
in command. The dictator idea may
spread before the world gets over its
erop of troubles.
The government turns an army of
2500 agents loose against bootlegging,
which has become a serious matter.
During prohibition, bootleggers only
flouted the Constitution. Now they
cut down government Income,
Figures supplied by Joseph H,
Choate, Jr., director of federal alcohol
control, show that bootleggers are
manufacturing more whisky than the
total legal consumption. And the boot
legging distilleries are not little “moon
shine” affairs, but enormous distil
leries, “with stills tall enough to ex
tend through three or four stories of
well equipped buildings.”
In the first quarter of 1934 stills
were seized with a capacity for pro
ducing 068,000,000 gallons of alcohol
spirits a year. Bootlegging enter
priges Involve robbing the government
of hundreds of millions a year.
Good news, fortunately, 1s not lack-
Ing.
Business better in many directions,
The government has $300,000,000 of
“new money” available for building
American homes and modernizing old
homes. That should put many to work
and create cheerfulness. To live in a
home run down, unpainted, dilapidated,
18 gloomy, discouraging.
Leland Harvey, notorlous jail-break
er of Georgla, recently pardoned by
Governor Talmadge, with the advice,
“Go and sin no more,” takes the ad
vice seriously. He attended a revival
meeting conducted by Rev, Wade H.
House at Macon, Ga., and joined the
church,
This offers an idea to police that
chase bandits and can't catch apy.
Let the police buy Salvation Army uni
forms, drums, flutes, tambourines and
hymn books, and try converting crim
{nals that they can’t catch.
Nothing could be more pleasing than
to see Dillinger, accompanied by two
policemen in Salvation Army uniforms,
walking up a sawdust trall, shouting,
“Hallelujah, I'm saved!”
The brain trust, using big words,
automatically called the small farm on
which & man might make a living for
himself and his family the “subsist
ence homestead.” Now it appears that
some _can't pronounce subsistence,
others don't know what it means, and
a new short name is sought. What do
you suggest?
Emma Goldman, who thought she
was & Communist until she went to
Russia and learped that reality is un
like theory, has left for Toronto, her
00-day permit to visit the United States
having expired. Leaving, she says:
“The New Deal here is nothing more
than an artificial and temporary sus
pension of the capitalistic system.”
Some capitalists would assure her that
the new arrangement could not be too
“temporary” te suit them,
This depression, even with all en
couraging news—"s,ooo,ooo put to
work,” etc—reminds you of the voy
age of the “ancient mariner,” who
went drifting along, “the first that
ever burst” inte an unknown sea. Who
or what It was that shot our albatross,
and brought all these troubles on us,
Wall Street, technocracy, overproduc
tion, the war, or what, nobody knows.
But we have them, and can only sail
on through the gloomy waters, thank
tul for occaslonal encouraging volces.
The birth rate falls alarmingly in
Scotland. It is even suggested by “re
spectable” people that “some form
of polygamy” may be necessary.
W. H. Phillips, head of the Associ
ation of Registrars, fears a one-half
reduction in population.
Illegitimate births have been numer
ous and not too severely criticized in
Scotland. Widespread information con
cerning birth control may have dimin
{shed their number, and caused the
polygamy suggestion.
Any falling off in the Scotch birth
rate would be a loss to the world.
It needs as many Scotch men and
women as it can get.
@. King Features Syndicate, Ine
WNU Service
National Topics Interpreted
by William Bruckart
Washington.—There Is a rising tide
of belief here in Washington that
President Roosevelt's
Turning policies are leaning
+ . more and more away
Conservative from the things that
marked them as the “New Deal” a
year ago. It can be doubted no longer
that he is veering away to some ex
tent from the experimentation that
constituted the program advanced by
the myriads of professors with whom
he surrounded himself at the start of
his administration. Professors are not
carrying the water on their shoulders
that they did awhile ago, and it bhas
been noted that Mr. Roosevelt is less
and less willing to leap before he
looks.
Upon the cut of the fabric at this
time, I believe the consensus to be
that Mr. Roosevelt is turning to a
more stable, as distinguished from a
theoretical, foundation for the future.
The developments have been predicat
ed apparently on a swing in public sen
timent. Obviously, without public sen
timent behind any plan, there will be
a dearth of confidence. By all and
sundry, it is said the President Is
seeking to establish confidence, Most
of all, and finally, it seems he has ar
rived at the necessity for winning con
fidence of business people, big and lit
tle, so that distinct changes can be
expected through the summer when
congress is not here to worry him.
Doubtless, the trend towards the
conservative instead of the more radi
cal course he followed earlier, is due
to the fact that the bulk of the people
now feel they have a right to state
objections, Surely, objections are be
ing stated to a greater extent than at
any time since he took office. In oth
er words, the theories of the professors
have proved bad in spots, and any na
tion of ambitious people eventually
will tire of preachments, The danger
is that the pendulum will swing too
far, and that the good and practicable
things of the New Deal may be washed
out by a wave of couservatism and re
action,
There are numerous things to which
attention may be called in demonstrat
ing that Mr. Roosevelt is not going to
experiment too much in the future.
His slut-sooted stund against national
ization of silver is one, His determi
nation to tinker no further with the
currency is another. A third indica
tion is the President’s decision to see
that the capital goods or durable goods
industry can have some relief, and an
other intimation {8 the wuy congress
has acted about the legisiation to con
trol the security exchanges, The Pres
ident could have made congress put
teeth in the stock exchange bill if he
wanted to do so. But he has held off,
Likewise, he has taken a position
against payment of deposits in closed
banks by use of inflationary schemes.
All of these things are the vehicles of
those who would go far on the radical
courses,
Mr. Roosevelt has not stressed NRA
expansion as his radical followers
thought he was going to press it
Those who conceived NRA xtill do not
admit that NRA has groumd down the
little businesses in the interest of the
big oneg, but Mr. Roosevelt apparently
sees It. He is represented in high
places as hoping that the NRA board
of review will show up the weaknesses
of the codes so that modifications can
be made where necessary. Many of the
“NRA crowd,” as they have come to
be known here, are disgruntled about
it. They think that NRA, like the
king, can do no wrong. Being a keen
student and & master psychologist, Mr.
Roosevelt sees those things and he has
taken hold of them apparently before
they have become so bad as to destroy
whatever benfits that may accrue,
» - L
What is the cause for the change
in the scenery? There are two rea
sons of which 1 hear
Too discussion most fre-
Idealistic quently. Many of the
plans were too ideal
istic for use universally among a prac
tical people, and, the second, there is
a tendency to write “Thou shalt not”
into too much legislation and regula
tion for carrying out the recovery pro
gram,
The American people, as [ judge
them, will obey orders that change
their lives around for just so long.
Then, they blow up in a big way.
For an example of what I mean, the
congress recently passed the so-called
Bankhead bill that will limit the pro
duction of cotton in the United States
to ten million bales annually. It is
compulisory. Unless a cotton farmer
agrees to reduce his acreage and com
ply with the other terms of the law,
“thou shalt not” market what is
grown without the payment of a heavy
tax, a tax so burdensome ag to remove
any possibility of profit. Mr. Roose
velt signed the bill and gave it his
blessing, but 1 heard any number of
newspaper correspondents and observ
ers remark when they read his state
ment that he was saying merely that
he “hoped” it would be of some value.
Surely, he did not predict its success.
All through the various recovery
laws and regulations, one finds so
many “Thou shalt nots” that one of
the eastern metropolitan newspapers
printed a cartoon, captioned “Dreams
of Forgotten Age.” The chief charac
ter in the cartoon was that figure so
famous as representing *“Prohibition.”
The thought behind the cartoon was
deeper in the minds of some than just
the humor and lesson that it portrayed.
Therein was a story of “too much
Washington.” Sooner or later, unless
I have misread my history, there is
to be a broadside of reaction rise up
agalnst “too much Washington” in the
way lives are lived. The current pe
riod seems to be the high point, but
it had its beginning, in my opinion,
when tie Constitutional amendment
was adopted providing for direct elec
tion of senators. That was followed
some years later by enactment of the
law creating the Federal Farm Loan
system, and then during the last dec
ade we saw other things of the same
type put through by congress. Pres
ident Hoover proposed the Reconstruc
tion Finance corporation and President
Roosevelt expanded that and a lot of
other things. The result: Regulations,
red tape, dictation, orders, countless
agents, inspectors, investigators, exam
iners, and much amateurish adminis
tration of the decree “Thou shalt not.”
- - -
There was, if you pause to remem
ber, a general disgust with the steady
h procession of indict-
Causes wents, arrests and
Irritation trials of minor li
quor law wviolators,
Even consistent and conscientious sup
porters of prohibition now and then
burst forth against the administration
of it when men and women, otherwise
respectable in their communities, were
convicted as criminals because they
dared to take a drink.
The Department of Agriculture sup
plied the newspaper -correspondents
with an announcement a few days ago
that two men in South Dakota had
been arrested and had pleaded guilty
to a charge of conspiracy to defraud
the United States in connection with
the 1033 emergency hog buying pro
gram. The announcement described
the case as “of national Importance
and interest as similar fraud cases are
pending in other federal courts,” under
this and other emergency programs
handled by the Agricultural Adjust
ment administration,
It will be recalled that there was
quite a bit of cheating in the adminis
tration of CWA Job planning. There
was some stench, too, in the handling
of seed loans in two or three parts of
the country, and there is plenty of
complaint about Bome window-box
farmers who have been drafting reg
ulations in AAA. NRA has been un
der fire from time to time because, in
some {instances, vast indust{es were
compelled to sit across a table In draft
ing a code with a man who had had no
experience whatsoever in that indus
try.
So what wonder is it that a man
will do as one about whom 1 heard.
He boasted about being a chiseler.
That is, among friends, he said: *“Of
course, I am a chiseler., Os course, I
am making money out of this code,
But the reason I am doing it is because
I am thinking of the next few years
when the tax collector is going to take
virtually all of the profits I make to
pay up for this waste”
In my roaming around in Washing
ton, I find more and more people who
are asking which of the two major po
litical parties, the Democrats or the
Republicans, {s going to have courage
enough to pull the government back
to Washington as a government, and
allow the people to run their own busi
ness?
- - .
It is important to record, in this
connection, that the Department of
Agriculture already
Looks Like has taken a step
. in the direction of
Backtrackmg allowing private
business to run its own affairs by its
announcement that government con
trol of dairy production is not to be
attempted at this time. From the in
formation 1 have been able to pick up
here and there in high ‘places, I suspect
that dairy production control is never
going to be attempted, but Secretary
Wallace's announncement said only that
controi would not be attempted “for
the present.”
One can only guess whether this is
the beginning of a trend, a backtrack
ing, from the governmental control ex
treme to which some of the profes
sors would like to have gone. They
advanced the control idea to the ulti
mate in the Bankhead compulsory cot
ton production control law and they
have pushed the control principle al
most as far in wheat, tobacco, corn
and hog industries, With regard to
the dairy business, however, they ran
into difficulties. The stumbling blocks
and obstacles met in that attempt illus
trate better than anything that I know
that industries in the United States
have interests too divergent to permit
of a universal regulation. I mean by
that: practices and problems vary in
every locality and there are few in
dustries which can be lined up under
the same rules of operation without
some of them being handicapped and
others profiting unduly.
The dairy industry gave proof of
this faet, according to the announce
ment by Mr. Wallace which said there
would be no attempt to undertake a pro
duction control program without the
support of a substantial majority of
the industry.
© by Western Newspaper Union.