Newspaper Page Text
Spring Place Jimplecute
CARTER & HEARTSELL. PpOPRMTORS.
VOLUME XI.
rbwphata Bull ul oar Southern SIMM.
BY FRANCIS WYATT, PB.U.
FLORIDA PHOSPHATE. DEPOSITS.
While, however, it is a • very good
thing to find abundant phosphate mines,
such mines are of little value without
the necessary capital for their exploita¬
tion. This capital not being forthcom¬
ing in the south, it has followed that our
great northern capataliats and hankers
have been lately much attracted by the
tempting offers to share in the benefits
of the discovery. Expert chemists and
mining engineers have, therefore, had
plenty of work m the “Land of Flowers,’’
end my own exsisfunttess as one of
these have extended during the last two
years over every county on the Gulf of
Mexico, from Tallahassee down to Puma
Gorda.
One of the first difficulties I encount¬
ered was the fact .that up to date we
have no record of a systematic or cor¬
rect geological or topographical survey
of fhe state. It will, consequently, be
of interest to remark that, in its topo¬
graphical aspect, Florida is lowlying and
gently undulating, the highest point
being not more that 250 ft et, and the
average about 80 feet above sea level.
The elevated points or ridges are com¬
posed entirely of sand, and are covered
with a very luxuriant growth of tall
pines. The depressions or valleys, es¬
pecially when situated along the coa-t,
are composed of a mixture of calcareous
marls and sand, from which outcrop, at
irregular and frequent intervals, large
and small bowlders of limestones, sand¬
stones and phosphate rock. These val¬
leys are principally known in the coun¬
try as “hammock land,” and are said to
be very fertile. When uncultivated,
however, they are covered with a dense
wild growth of vegetation, character¬
istic of the swamp. With the climatic
conditions I shall make no attempt to
deal, for they are too widely known, but
of the geological aspect I may say that
he entire state appears to be underlaid,
at greatly varying depths, with upper
Eocene limestone rock, and I am there¬
fore of the Qpinion that the first emer¬
gence cf Florida must be dated from
that period.
During the succeeding Miocene sub-
merge nee there was deposited upon these
limestones, more especially in the cracks
or fissures resulting from tneir drying
up, a soft, finely disintegrated ealcar-
eons sediment or mud.
The gradual evaportion of athese Mio¬
cene waters brought about the forma¬
tion, principally in the neighborhood of
the rock cavities and fissures,' of large
and small estuaries. These estuaries
were replete, swarming with life and
vegetable matter-fish, mollusks, rep¬
tiles, and marine plants. They were,
besides, heavily charged with gases ar.d
acids, and their continuous concentra¬
tion ultimately induced a multiplicity
of readily conceivable process of decom¬
position and final metatnorphiem.
In the estuaries and banks thus formed
by the deposition and evaporation, or
subsidence, of the Miocene seas we shall
find the origin of our phosphate of lime,
and, disregarding all other hypotheses, I
consider that we are practically contem¬
plating: 1. A foundation of Upper Eo¬
cene limestone rocks very much cracked
up and fiesiyed, the cracks having a gen¬
eral trend N. E. and 8, W. 2. Irregular
beds, pockets, or banks of Miocene de¬
posits, dried and hardened by exposure,
and alternately calrartous, - sn dy
marly; generally phoepbatic, and some¬
times entirely made up of decomposed
organic debris, the phosphoric acid being
combined with various bases(iime, mag¬
nesia, iron, alumina, etc.)
After the disappearance of the Mio¬
cene sea, there came some gigantic dis-
t jances of the stratta. There were
upheavals and depressions. The under
laying bmestones were probably again
split up, and the Miocene deposit was
broken and hurled from the surface into
yawning gaps, and from one fissure to
another.
Now came the Pliocene periods or end
of Tertiary, and then the seas of Quat¬
ernary age with their deposits and drifts
of shells, sands, clays, marls, bowlders
and other transported materials, and the
accompanying alternate or concurrent
influences of cold, heat and pressure.
Taking the whole of these phenomena
oroadly into consideration, it must be
concluded that those- portions of the
phosphatic Miocene crust which did not
fall into permanent limestone fissures or
caverns at the time of the disturbance of
the strata became at length very thor¬
oughly broken up and disintegrated.
They were rolled about and intermixed
■with sand, clay and marls, and were de¬
posited with them in various mounds or
depressions, in conformity with the
violence of the waters, or with the un¬
even structure of the surface to which
they were transported.
Occasionally this drifting mass found
its way into very low-lying portions of
the country , say into thoee regions
considerable depression waa brought
by ihe sinking and settling of
SPRING PLACE, GA., THURSDAY, AUGUST 6,
»»
recently deetturhed mass. 'At other times
it was rolled to and deposited on slight¬
ly higher points. In the first of these
cases we find a vast and complete ag¬
glomeration, comparable to an immense
pocket, of broken-up phosphate rock,
finely divided phosphate debris, sands,
clays and marls, all heterogeneously
mixed in together. In the second case,
we find the phosphate in large bowlders,
sometimes weighing several tons and
intermixed with but relatively small
proportions of any foreign substances.
Considering these facts, 1 form the
opinion that the-feature in the Florida
deposits of phosph&to to be most partic¬
ularly brought out is that the formation
onsists essentially of: 1.Original pockets
or cavities in the limestone filled with
hard and soft rock phosphates and deb¬
ris. 2. Mounds dir benches, rolled up on
the elevated points, and chiefly consist¬
ing of huge bowlders of phosphate rock.
3. Drift or disintegrated rock, covering
immense areas, chiefly in Polk and De-
Soto coqnties, and underlaying Peace
River and its tributaries.
At the present time the work of explo¬
ration or prospecting may be said to
have extended all over the state in each
of these yarieties of the formation.
Actual exploitation on the large scale by
regular mining and hydraulic methods
has been commenced at various points
and a very careful study of these work¬
ings has confirmed me in the theories I
have just formulated.
In one of the mines, in Marion county,
for example, there is an immense de¬
posit of phosphatic material, proved, by
actual experimental work, to extend
oyer an area of several acres. It has
shown itself to be a combination of the
“original pocket” and the “mound”
formation, and the superincumbent ma¬
terial, principally sands and matte, has
an average depth of about ten feet. T h
phosphate immediately underlies it
sometimes in the form of enormous
bowlders of haad rock, cemented to¬
gether with clay, sometimes in that of a
white, plastic, or friable substance re¬
sembling kaolin, and probably produced
by the natural disintegration of the
hard rock by rolling, attrition or concus¬
sion. Tbe actual thickness of the eiiGre
bed is still somewhat uncertain, but the
depth ol the quarries is not more than
50 feet, and yet a little over two acres
of the land have already yielded more
than 20,000 tons of good ore, without
signs ot exhaustion.
Directly outside the limits of these
quarrieB the “pockety” and “mound”
formation seems to abruptly terminate,
and the deposit assumes, over a wide
area, the form of an unimportant drift,
which sometimes crops out at the sur¬
face, and which has been followed
all directions over the immediate vicini¬
ty without leading to another pocket of
similar value.
Identical geological phenomena being
prevalent in nearly every section of the
country, I consider myself warranted
in declaring that the Florida phosphates
of high grade occur in beds of an essen-
tially pockety, extremely capricious, un-
even, and deceptive nature.
Sometimes the pockets will develop
into enormous quarries, and will proba-
yield fabulous quantities of various
merchantable qualities. At othor times
they will bo entirely superficial, or will
contain the phosphate in such a mixed
condition as to render profitable ex-
oitalic n impossible.
This capnciousness or uncertainty
will be somewhat less in the case of the
“pebble” or proved drift deposits, since they
have been to exist at various
depth** , and in varying thicknesses, , with ,,
; ®
■
coniparative . regularity over a very ex-
, ensive area,
The actual chief working center for
this variety is Peace River, which rises
in the high lake lands of Polk county
and flows rapidly southward into the
Gulf of Mexico. Its course is extremely
irregular, and its bottom is a succession
of shallows and deep basins.
Lake Tsala Apopka and Chiliico-
hatchee, and Paines and Whidden creeks
are its chief tributaries and the main
sources of its phosphate deposits; the peb¬
bles being washed out from their banks
and borne along their beds by the torren¬
tial summer rains.
The exploitation of the pebbles ip per¬
formed by means of a 10-inch centrifu¬
gal suction pump placed upon a barge.
The pipe’of the pump, having been ad¬
justed by ropes and pulleys, is plunged
ahead from the deck into the water.
The mixture of sand and phosphate
sucked up by it is brought into revolving
screens of varying degrees of fineness,
whence the sand is washed back into the
river. The cleaned pebbles are dis¬
charged into scows and floated down to
the “works,” where, after being dried
by hot air, they are once more screened
and are then ready for market. The
total cost of raising, washing, drying
screening and loading on the cars is one
dollar and seventy-five cents.
Four or five companies are actively
working on this plan, and several more
we preparing to enter the i«ih
“TELL THE TRUTH.
The pebbles, when freed from impuri¬
ties and dried, are of a dark blue color,
and are hard and smooth, varying in
size from srain of rice to about one
to eh in diameter. Their origin is proved
by (he microscope-to lie entirely organic,
ai.rt they are intimately mixed up with
the hones and teeth of numerous extinct
species of animate, birds and fish,
These river deposits all proceed from
the banks of sand and debris to which 1
have alludded to as “drift,” and which
are situated on the higher lands in Polk
county. lakeland and Hartow may be
taken as the central points of the dried-
out deposits, the pebbles being of the
same size, hut of a lighter color. They
are embedded in a matrix of sand and
clay, in which they form the proportion
of about 20 per cent, in weight of the
mass. The thickness of the deposit is ex¬
ceedingly uneven; in some places it
reaches 20 feet, while in others it dwin¬
dles down to a few inches.
As would lie expected in this specie of
foinifttion, the chemical composition
Florida phosphate is far from regula
In some pieces perfectly white, in other
blue, yellow or brown, it iH in many in¬
stances practically free from iron and
alumina, while at others it is heavily
loaded with these commercially objec¬
tionable constituents. A large propor¬
tion of the laud rock' is very soft when
damp, but becomes so hard w hen dried
that it has long been used by tho na¬
tives, ignorant of its other values, as a
foundation or building stone.
The following averages are selected
with care from the results of several
huudreds of complete analyses made
either by myself or by my assistants in
Florida and New York. The samples in
every case were taken from the explora¬
tory pits in all the different counties and
marked before leaving the ground with
full details of their origin,
They have been classed as hard rock
phosphates, or cleaned, high-grade ma¬
terial; bowlders and debris, or unse-
Inoted materiall merely freed from dirt;
soft white phosphate, in which no bowl¬
ders are found; pebble phosphate from
Peace river, aa market: pebble
Phosphate trom Font ' aunty drift beite,
washed and screened.
ms- Dliale of ffiifi| Silicates Sl!lca h Carbolic Mill.
Lime aliiun’ia
bowlders (care¬
120 fully samples).... selected, 80 2.55 4.30 2.10
49
Bowlders and
lifts isl 137 sam¬
ples) .......... 74.93 4.19 0.25 1.90
Soft win to phos¬
phate (148 sam¬ 9.20
Pebtde ples).......... #5.15 5.47 4.27
r r o m
Peace K i v e i
Petihle (84 samples)... #1 2.90 14.20 4.60
I r a m
drift b e d s,
& Polk County,
(S2 samples... 07.25 3.00 1.70
1 liave now written enough to show
that the point of most importance in
the working of Florida phosphates, es-
peeially of the land deposits, will be
the careful selection, by conscientious
and capable superintendents, of the
different qualities at the quarries,
There being no present market for the
highest grade in this country, it will al
have to be shipped to Europe. Tho
will, therefore, require to be
crashed to a uniform size, to facilitate
sampling, and then well washed and
thoroughly dried, in order that all the
iran and alumina so indiscriminately
and unequally mixed up with it in the
of clay may be practically elimi-
na _^ c ore s liuinen ,
The maxnnuiu limit accepted by Eu-
rapean buyers is 3 per cent and noth-
hut experience id actual work,
aailyguidedaiJdcontrolledbythere- ... ., : , . „ ,, .,
milts of chemical u . * analysis, , . : be relied ... -
can
upon to keep the material within these
bonnd8 . Even the most accomplished
expert who examines the beds for the
first time,and without a full knowledge
of the variability of their composition
in ref , ard tnjg iron ^ a i n , uinfti
Would be gnre to go wrongand commit
t be m f)g t fatal blunders. There can
no doubt that Florida is the theater
of a big “boom,” and that it is passing
through a critical period of its history.
Fertilizer manufacturers from all over
the world are hurrying toward Its
sandy plains, in the hope of acquiring
its phosphatic treasures. They find
these scattered in all directions, as well
in the rivers as in. the lands, and so
embarrassingly variable in grade that
they are brought to a halt by the ques¬
tions: Where are the “bonanzas”?
How are they to be found ?
My pwn opinion of her phosphate
mining, as will have been gathered
from my remarks, is that it will prove
extremely profitable to those who pur¬
chase and work its fields with judg¬
ment ; but that it will certainly turn
out in the highest degree disastrous to
such as allow themselves to be led
away by excited first impressions. The
interior Is still practically unsettled
and traveling is attended by the great¬
est difficulties and inconveniences. The
negro labor is far from plentiful; there
are tew wagon roads suitable for trans¬
portation purposes; and the railroad
facilities are altogether inadequate,
the companies being poorly provided
with freight cars. Under these circum¬
stances, the natural difficulties ov im¬
pediments to Florida phosphates are
at, present rather discouraging, and it
is only when these have been cleared
away, by the gradual development of
the State, that the ores of all grades
will begin to cotue forward in large
quantities.
Tlieir average richness in phosphoric
acid is, on the whole, very satisfactory,
though somewhat less than we were
led to expect by the first reports, aul
a large proportion of the output will
compare favorably with many other
phosphates extremely popular with
feriiiizer manufacturers. Although
more than a hundred companies have
been already formed, with an aggre¬
gate capital of some $30,000,000, only
200,000 tons have yet been shipped
to has. European ports. The bulk of this
good however, prices, found a ready market a
and it is quite certain that
when speculation gives way to legiti¬
mate work, the constantly increasing
demand will’make of Florida the larg¬
est contributor to the world’s supply.
Another Party Louiuft Ui>.
Saratoga, N. Y., July 20.—The first
business before the National Temperance
Convention this morning ■» as the read¬
ing and discussion of an essay on “Con
stilutional Prohibition” by A. M. Pow¬
ell, of New York. The essayist and each
speaker who discussed his paper were
earnestly in favor of prohibition by con¬
stitutional ammendments. The side is¬
sues of “local option” and “high license”
were characterized as makeshifts that
were advocated by politicians and dis¬
tillers and brewers as tending to distract
tho temperance voice. The Napoleonic
principle of finding out where your en¬
emy .waits for you to strike and then
hitting him elsewhere and in his weakest
point was applicable in this case. Con¬
stitutional prohibition was asserted to be
an atj.:io» Sneadt 5 | tbe enemies of temperance
most and if the leading parties
w«re%i favour of prohihition{and
its enforcement, and party caucuses are
to control add silence legislative voices,
then independent action must be taken
by the temperance men that will com¬
mand attention.
ANOTHER THIRD PARTY.
A distinct third party suggestion ran
through the whole line of the discussion
with but on 3 dissenting voice. The
speakers were John Lloyd Thomas, Rev.
Hugh Montgomery and Rev. D. Lawson,
of Massachusetts; Rev. Geo. H. Hicks,
J. H Bronson and Geo. W. Powell, of
New York, and Mrs. Perkins, of New
York, The same sentiment was further
expressed in tho discussion of the essays
on the “Citizens’ Protective League,” by
W. Jennings Demorest, of New York,
Mrs. Helen M. Gougar, of Indiana, and
others.
The New Atlanta Paper.
A special to the Macon Telegraph from
Atlanta, under date of the 16th, says;
Here is a newspaper sensation. Sam
Small has accepted the position of man -
aging editor of the new afternoon pa¬
per, the Herald, the first issue of which
will appear Saturday. To-night Josiah
Carter, late managing editor of the
Journal and the best newspaper man in
the South, takes the position as news
editor. This insures Atlanta having a
first-class new afternoon paper.
There is a prospect ahead of the liveli¬
est newspaper fight Atlanta has had
since hill’s Henry Grady’s Herald and Hemp¬
Constitution locked horns. The
press of the new paper is in readiness,
thoroughly the salutatory organized. is in type and the force is
A. T. Clark, of Atlanta, editor of the
.Southern Congregationalist, S. Paul
Brown, Montgomery O. L. M. Kelly, Folsom, Mrs. D. Hodges,
all of Atlanta,
and W. O. Gross, late of Carrollton,
compose the editorial and local staff.
It would be impossible to find a strong¬
er newspaper combination than Sam
Small and Joe Carter. The Rev. Sam is
a born newspaper man, a trained jour¬
nalist, and not to discredit liis profession
of religion, in his natural sphere as no
where else. His “Old Si” articles, well
remembered by readers of his old Sunday
Gazette and the Constitution, will be
made a sparkle special feature of the new paper
and his and dash go too.
Joe Carter is the balance wheel of the
concern, and his connection with it gives
the paper a solidity which nobody else
could contribute.
«;hief Boattne Caught.
San Francisco, July 17.—The Chron¬
icle’s FlagBtaff, (Ariz.) special says:
Sheriff Francis and part of the posse
who went out with him Sunday to ar¬
rest Indians at the Roddens cattle
ranch, returned last night with Chief
Hostine, leader of the band of Navajo
renegades. The chief was surprised with
only one buck, and taken in baste to the
railroad station with several hundred
Indians in pursuit. The escape was a
narrow one. The remainder of the
posse is surrounded by Indians at the
ranch, and grave fears are entertained
for their fafety.”
A World 1 * Fair Building.
Chicago, July 17.—Contracts have
been awarded for the construction of
the administration building of the
world’s fair. The total cost of the
building wifi be $27(1.462.
THE LAW MUST BE OBEYED.
Governor Buchanan ofTennetaee Talk* to
the Miners.
Nashvillk, Tenn., July 21.— Gov¬
ernor Buchanan and Col. Granaille
Sevier left the city last nigpt for Briar
Hill, where, yesterday morning, three
hundred armed free laborers drove
convicts and guards from the Tennes¬
see Coal and Mining company’s mine.
During last evening Adjutant-Gen¬
eral Norman telegraphed the Lookout
Mountain Guards and Moeriein
Zouaves of Chattanooga, and the
Knoxville Ritles to be in readiness.
Captain Woodford replied for the
Lookout Mountain Guards, saying
that he would have forty-five men un¬
der arms. Captain Semmes of tbe
Moeriein Zouaves answered, putting
the number ot available men at forty.
Captain Patton af the Knoxville Rifles
said he had forty men under arms.
Two extra coaches will he attached to
the morning train out of Chattanooga
The Stone River Guards and the
Washington Artillery have been order¬
ed to he in readiness. Two thousand
rounds of ammunition went down on
the train with the governor last night.
THE GOVERNOR ARRIVES.
Knoxville, Tenn, July 16.—Late
news last night from Briceville, the
seat of the mining trouble, was very
threatening. The miners had left their
houieB and gathered at a rendezevous
in the mountains where they were
awaiting the advice of the leaders.
This proved pacific and the night
passed without trouble.
Tnis morning at 9:25 Governor
Buchanan and his adjutant-general,
together with the mining and labor
commissioner and three companies of
the state guards, left this city for
Briceville.
At Coa) Creek, where a branch road
leads off to Briceville, and itself a large
mining center, large but orderly
crowds assembled Bri'seville was
reached at noon and the convicts were
transferred to the stockade from which
they had been liberated by the miners.
The company from Chattanooga was
thrown around on guard- Tho news
was spread that Governor Buchanan
would speak to the mini rs, and in an
incredibly short time about a thous
and people assembled. The governor
was introduced by Eugene Merrill, an
ex-convict and a most influential man
among the miners.
Governor Buchanan said that he had
no speech to make, but would say to
them that he did not make laws, but
executed them, and “so help him
God,” the law must be obeyed on this
occasion.
After Governor Buchanan’s talk Mr.
Morrill made a speech from the stand
point of the miners and amid great
cheers. It is feared that the effect of
the speech has in a large degree coun¬
teracted the presence of the governor.
Merrill was followed by Farmers' Al-
liauce men who scored the governor
for bringing an armed force. After
the speaking the crowd slowly dis¬
persed, bat it is evident the trouble is
not over. Nothing in the way of vio¬
lence is expected to night, and may
not be till after the militia Is with¬
drawn, but as soon as the troops leave
it is almost certain that every convict
on the mining district will be liberated
by the miners and mountain men, all
of whom are most efficiently armed.
At a late night meeting action was
deferred till to morrow, but all the
miners in Tennessee and in the Ken¬
tucky districts near by have been •e-
quested to come to Bricevilla
Morgan aud tbe GntboUes.
Washington, July 31.— Commission¬
er of Indian Affairs Morgan has out the
relations between the Indian Bureau and
the bureau of Catholic Indian missions
in two with a sharp letter to Father
Chappel, vice president of tbe bureau.
Hereafter Commissioner Morgan will
make contracts with Catholic Indian
schools directly instead of through the
bureau. This action of Commissioner
Morgan that is condemned by Catholics, who
say it is but a part of the poliev
which he has avowed to get all Catholics
out of the Indian school service. They
represent much embarrassed Secretary by Noble as tieing very
the action of the
commissioner, and predict that Com¬
missioner Morgan will have to resign
when the administration wakes up to
()he fact that it is impolitic to maintain
wtiat they term the unjust discrim
nation agauwt Catholics established by
the commissioners. President Harrison,
they say, will not be able to gloss over
this religious proscription by personal
courtesies to Cardinal Gibbons.
A People’s Party Boom.
Louisville, Ky., July 16.—At Pad¬
ucah yesterday the republican conven¬
tion decided not to nominate a candi¬
date for the state senate, but to support
Graham, the People’s party candidate.
In an interview there Jess Harper, the
People’s party leader, said the purpose is
to get a strong vote in Kentucky to show
that the People’s party will receive the
support of the farmers' alliance in the
south. What Kentucky does, he be¬
lieves, will largely determine the
ueee etihe#*!*?.
One Dollar a Year.
NO 27.
Some Queer Exchangee.
From the Voice.
London boasts a weekly jonrnal
with a weekly circulation through
whose columns some queer exchanges
are carried on. The following are
taken at random:
“Grandfather’s clock, oak case
eight-day, good condition, 30 shillings
cash, or wiill take half a dozen under¬
shirts. Apply to the Rev. Cleveland,
Yorkshire.”
“A handsome new dress is offered in
exchange for a book-case, three feet
high with glass doors; also a hall table
and occasional chair.”
“A sponge bath for sale cheap; have
no further use for it;” The next line
intensifies the humor of the preceding:
1 Will take half a dozen new dozen
or a
second-hand silk pocket handker¬
chiefs.”
Half a dozen demands appear for
boots. One gentleman, who signs “Ar¬
my Officer” says: “I have top-hunting
boots, small eights, very good; will take
a Stilton cheese or a dozen battles of
sherry In exchange.”
Now look at the next advertisement:
“Wanted—New boots for a family of
seven; good exchange given* or ar¬
rangements can be made for instruc¬
tion in bicycling and French.”
“I am ill,” says a lady; “will any¬
body take my handsome, quite new,
dark gray velvet bonnet from me? It
cost me thirty-five shillings, or I will
take two quarts of codliver oil, a pack¬
et of mustard plasters and 100 quinine
pills in exchange.”
And here is something unique:
“Anything useful to the value of one
pound will be gracefully accepted by
a reformed young man who wishes to
part with his dress-coat; plain cloth,
new; would suit a person of five feet
eight inches, with chest of thirty-seven
inches; do not care about offers of jew¬
elry, billiard balls or cigars,”
Will Religion Isn’t,
From the Ram’s Horn.
It isn’t going to church to see what the
people wear, or to find fault with the
preacher.
It isn’t running in debt for things you
don’t need and never pay for.
It isn’t giving away a great deal of
money publicly, simply that tbe people
may speak well of you.
It isn’t staying away from church
when you know a special collection is to
be taken.
It isn’t leaving one church and join¬
ing another whenever you do not like
the preacher.
It isn’t reading bo many chapters a
day, or saying one prayer over and
over.
It isn’t Bitting in the house and look¬
ing solemn, and refusing to eat any¬
thing cooked on Sunday.
It isn’t putting all the big sound ap¬
ples on the top of the measure, and the
little and rotten ones on the bottom.
It isn't telling other people what to
do in prayer-meeting, and letting the
devil tell you what to do in business
matters.
It isn’t whipping your boy for smok¬
ing while you have a cigar in your own
mouth.
It isn’t telling the servant to say “not
at home.”
What Religion It.
It is helping a man to reform when he
is trying to.
It is alleviating troubles of your fellow
men and women.
It is not repeating evil reports of your
neighbors.
It is giving kind words for abuse.
It is acting the part of peace-maker.
It is helping a fellow get a job when
he needs it.
It is keeping your word and promises.
It is doing unto others as you would
be done by.
It is making allowances for other
people’s It faults, knowing not the causes.
is' telling tbe truth and shaming
the devil.
It is praying “God be merciful to me
a sinner.”
Gl as smalt era Combine.
Pittsburg, Pa., July 21.— At a meet¬
ing of the tableglasa manufacturers of
Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia
in this city to-day the plants were con-
solidated, and an association formed
under the name of the United State Glass
Company. elected D. C. Ripley of this city
comprises was thirteen president. The association
ital $1,000,000. concerns with a cap¬
of The object of the com¬
bination is said to be to systematize and
harmonize the workings of the several
plants and secure such economy in cost
as may result from consolidation of the
interest. The headquarters will be in
Pittsburg.
Hart! in Arms.
New York, July 21.—The steamship
Alesa arrived here to-day from Jamaica
and brought sensational news from
Hayti. The purser of the steamer
states that everything promises a gen¬
eral uprising. Hyppolyte has been '
slaughtering people in the streets right
and left. It is understood that Legit¬
ime, who is at Kingston, has delegated
an ex-offioer of the Atlas Steamship
Company to acme to this city and pur¬
chase vaweta and war material.