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THE INDEPENDENT. •crtRiHT, irrmasß , ins. J. C, GALLAHER. Editor and Proprietor. The Great Prolongation Enterprise. An wfR be seen in the proceeding* of a meeting held by the citizens of Brook* bounty on Wednesday, the 24th, we had the pleasure of hearing Oak I*. H. Hmi ford explain the practicability of prolong ing the MutHxnipjn from New Orleans to the Atlantic coast hy eonncrting theostnn non that fringe the Gnlf of Mexico. Wo eonfeaa, on our i>art, that heretofore we were entirely ignorant of the feasibility, and practicability, as well as the probability of the couatruction of this great commer cial link, connecting by tin* system of pjo longntion the great productive field* of the AV.'at nnd Northwest with the Atlantic outlets for distribution, to supply the de mands of the markets of the world. Col. Raiford'a explanation and description of the estuaries that he near and along the Gulf Boast, together with the short inter tala of laud that now serve to disconnect them, as the only barriers to n oontiuous line of water transportation from the nu merous Western imviguble rivers to the Atlantic coast, embracing in all a steam boat navigation of over 30,000 miles. But tho present objective point to Is. reached by the enterprise that Col. Rni ford is now advocating, i not the Atlantic coast across tho Florida peninsula, but the Apalachicola Bay, hy which the line is extended from Apalachicola, the present objective point of the enterprise, to the Mississippi river at or near New Orleans. The spaces of land disconnecting the estu aries, altogether amounts in distance to only thirty miles, the longest interval of laud only being nine mile*. Nature having done so much, and left so little for man to do, that tho enterprise, when thoroughly understood, loses all of its giant like ter jv>, and its enormity is visible only in its benefits and not its difficulties. Less than four millions of dollars, judiciously ex pended, will give a line of transportation cheaper than any artificial lino can be con structed; and one that will never need re newal, or demand continual repairing. One that will never bo controlled by an organization with a President and direc tors, increasing or reducing transporta tion of passengciß and freight at will, but open to all the world, and as freo to every enterprise as the great Atlantic itself now is. The mere statement of the fact, which is as yet unknown to the masses—that there nre but a few spaces of land, in the aggregate only thirty miles, through which outs have to be made, all of which it is said by the most practical engineers can bo done by machinery—will establish the practicability of this great national enterprise, and at once arid forever aileuco every hjeetor in the South and West. This enterprise will, no doubt, meet with strong opposition in the East. New York and Philadelphia, the now great American emporiums, will, from •sectional and personal considerations, strive to strangle the enterprise by pre venting Government aid. Tho success of the enterprise will at once divert the com merce of the West from the old lines, (now leading to tho Eastern cities), to new chan nels,. leaving the old to seek and find a anew groat national commercial centre on the Southern Atlantic coast. And upon this issue, we think, the great commercial warfare will commence between the North ern and Eastern States upon tho one side and tho Western and Southern States upon the other. The North claiming pre cedence for its expensive and artificial lines of transportation over nature’s own eternal and munificent arrangements. This continuation of inland navigation doesn’t give to the West a Southern mar-1 ket only, but will enable it to compete with Central and Eastern Europe. The London Timet says: ’‘There is a project being discussed among tho people of the i cotton and food producing States of the American Union, which, if carried out, and it is claimed to be eminently practi cable, will greatly alter the centres, the usages and routes of commerce between them and the countries of Europe, and w ill also put the cereals of Amcricu in suc cessful competition with those of Central and Eastern Europe." Commodore ‘Maury’s statement, taken from tho London Timm, is that tho cereals now carried to New York and Baltimore by railroad is done at a cost equivalent to that of producing them. Hence, this im mense cost of transportation excludes them from competition with European ” Ctinwtries. —Brit the present enterprise, if completed, will, by its ofrtuinty nnd cheap ness of transportation, remedy all of those commercial evils. Aa we intend to keep this subject before our readers from time to time, we think it bast that our articles should be short to insure their perusal. I Col. ltaiford, who is the father of this k enterprise, is giving it his whole time and attention, ami if it succeeds, which we earnestly hope it will, to his fame should be given an immortality. We hope the people everywhere may give ear to his wise counsels with every needed aid and encouragement until the work is done nud the blossings realized. A short time ngo the Queen of the Bel gians and the Princess Lou iso drove out from Spa to visit the cascades f Coo. Noar the village of La CJluiise they were caught in a lteavy thunder storm, and bought shelter at oil inn, where the land lady, seeing the two tallies, refused to ad mit, “any such persons.” and so they had topitt up at u neiglil wring farm-house for the tight. It is told of one of the "suiiob” who re moves chairs from tho stage of a Troy theater with groat effect Unit on the death of Edwin Forrest being announced to him, w hile standing on p. hotel stoop, lie ex claimed, with dramatic gesture: "Great God! another one of us gone!” Mr. H. L. Schreiner's Card in the Banner of the Bth in*t. Mr. H., in his card, referring to an ar ticle iu a former issue of this paper, says that “I consider the article iu question aa I bearing directly upon me as a merchant, and the quality of my goods.” We dis avow airy intention of disparaging Mr. I Schreiner as a merchant, or the quality of hht goods. .What part of our article be construed into a reflection upon him. aa a j merchant f tho quality of his goods, we j arc now, aftr a careful rending, unable to , discover. We stated that Ludden A Bdsi | were the sole and exclusive agents iu the ! Southern States for the sale of the genuine Southern Gem. If that is true Rs state ment os a fact cannot bear upon Mr. H. as a merchant. If it is not true it will give us much more pleasure to correct it than to make the statement. Mr. H. did not state in his card that our statement was not correct in reference to Messrs. Ludden A Bates being the exclusive agents in the . Southern States for the sale of the genuine j Southern Gem ? What is the genuine Southern di m is the question. We say that it is a peculiar instrument, manufac tured by J. P. Hale, varying in its con struction from other instruments, and be cause it differed from other instruments lie gave it a name to distinguish it. If the maker had named it J. P. Hale’s Gem, and other manufacturers had called their instrument ,T. P. Hide's Gem, would they be genuine ? Certainly not; neither can ! they bo the genuine Southern Gems unless they embrace every peculiarity of plan and construction. Every manufacturer can j make a Southern Gem if he chooses, or ' an instrument and call it by that name, ! but the mere name doesn’t constitute the ! Southern Gem. As to whether they have | a right to adopt Mr. Hale’s trade mark is j a question wo linvu nothing to do with. Can Mr. 8. successfully controvert the j fact that J. P. Hale was the maker of the j first instrument known as the Southern Gem ? Does ho controvert the fact that Ludden A Bates are the exclusive i agents for thut instrument ? That is all ] we claimed for them. If he admits that j J. P. Halo is the inventor of tlic Southern 1 Gem, then he must state that the Gems' sold by him are manufactured hy J. P. Hale to establish their genuineness; not to establish tho value of his pianos, not I that they are as good. They may be an . hundred per cent, inferior, and not be Southern Gems, and they may be an linn i deed per cent, superior, nnd still ns far from tho genuine Southern Gem. Mr. S. says that tho Southern Gems sold by j him are as genuine as any sold in the j market. That is an admission that Lud den A Bates’ are genuine, or else it is a ! declaration that none are, but that they j approximate genuineness. He further j says: "Tho name n manufacturer ohoscs to give liis instruments does not add any thing to their value.” That is true, but may it not have n tendency, by assuming the name of n popular and justly reputa ble instrument, to sell a mere imitation for a genuine instrument. Certainly no manu facturer will adopt the name of a disrepu table instrument. Hence the adoption of the name of the Southern Gem by other manufacturers is a high commendation of the genuine article. We do not intimate that Mr. S. has adopted the popular name of Southern Gem with a view to sell in ferior articles by it. Many of the instru ments sold by that name may be far su perior, but thoir superiority doesn’t make them genuine. We stated that the instru ment we purchased from Ludden & Bates was far superior to any instruments in this place, claimed to be Southern Gems, and purchased from other parties. We never said where they were purchased, nor from whom they wore purchased. But we will wager the piano that the superiority claimed for our instrument over other pianos at this place is correct. Now for Mr. S. to establish the genu ineness of his Southern Gems he must show by whom they were manufactured and when they received the name, with all the peculiarities of the instrument, nnd if j they are the original Southern Gem we ' will bike pleasure in showing that Ludden j A Bates’ are not genuine. Tho Annual Fair of the Georgia State Agricultural Society. We have received a revised premium list of the annual fair to be held at the Cen tral City Park, Macon, On., commencing October 27th, and continuing one week. We look forward to this exhibition as I the grandest and most extensive of the ! kind ever witnessed in the South. No pains have been spared, no expenses avoided to beautify and adorn the grounds and arrange for the comfort and conven ience of tho many thousands who are ex pected to attend. The arrangements for the protection , and safe-keeping of all articles entered for exhibition are ample and complete. Ef forts are being made, anil will, no doubt, be successful in procuring transportation i for passengers and freight both ways for i one fare. The officersof the State Agricultural Bo ' oicty nre the very right men—more enter • prising and efficient could not have been selected. The premiums are large and ’ numerous, embracing every variety of i industries. They are sufficiently large, i (aside from every other consideration), to excite a lively contest, and we have no | doubt under the management of the wor thy aud efficient officers that they will be awarded according to merit, entirely free l from prejudice or partiality. In connection with tho officers of the Society the city of Macon tenders an invi i tntiou to Kith stranger and citizen. We 1 are informed that the Park to be used on ! the occasion lias been under the immedi | ate supervision of W. A. Huff, Mayor of the city of Macon, who is the embodiment l of enterprise aud energy, skill and taste, ] arid unequaled iu the liberality of his j views. Charles O’Conor and Ben Butler are rredited with rending more poetry than ' any other two men iu the United Slates. A Stiang* Intuition. We have boon for the last few days intui tively led to the conclusion that A. A. El ' lenwood, of the Madison Recorder, is at heurt an honest man, and that it is not his wish or desire to associate with the base carpet-baggers, and still meaner sculla- I wags of Madison county. That at some unguarded moment inhis political histo ry lie went astray upon ainero abstraction and that he lias now seen his error, nnd | is desirous to correct it, our mind has l come to the conclusion, when ho went off , after strange gods, that his choice was be tween Grant, nnd Greeley, and not between Grant and Democracy. We can state that many prominent politicians took tho same stand during the last campaign that are now regarded as prominent Democrats and honored ns such. We cannot see why the same principle would notapplyto him. Our mind has come to another eon elusion, that while be was to some extent I connected with that purty, that he became j cognizant of many acts of corruption that I disgusted him with the party. We be lieve hini-to be an intelligent nnd honest man, and that in his heart he condemns carpet-bag nnd seallawng villainies. If we are correct we hope that he will receive the highest encouragement, anil all the aid from the citizens to live anil prosper while ho publicly denounces them. “Don’t Scold Me.” Deal gently with your little child, ro -1 prove it not in anger, not vindictively, in a spirit of revenge. Administer reproof with the view to correct its error; let tears lof sympathy fill your eyes while you ad minister the painful stripes. When in its agony it appeals for mercy the righteous j object of correction is attained. Then, mother, cruel father, stay tliy hand; is not ! thine anger yet appeased ? Speak gently j to yonr child, apply to it no coarse epi ; thets; it will imitate its parents and fol low their example. Listen to an appeal to a mother in the words und voice of in inoeenoe: "Dou’t, Tommy—dou't do that. You j know it makes mother’s head ache. "Does it make yonr head ache, mother?" asked the child, curiously, and with n pitying tone in his voice, us he came creep ing up to his mother’s side, and looking nt her us if in doubt whether he would be repulsed or not. “Sometimes it does, my son,” replied Mrs. Lyon, kindly; "anil it is always un pleasant. Won’t you try to play without making so much noise ?” "Yes, mother, I’ll try,” answered the little fellow cheerfully. “But I forget sometimes.” He looked earnestly at liis mother, ns if something more was in his thoughts. "Well, dear, what else?” said she, en couragingly. "When I forget you'll tell me, won’t you ?” "Yes, love.” "And then I’ll stop. But don’t scold me, mother, for then I can’t stop.” Mrs. Lyon’s heart was touched. She caught, her breath ami bent her head down to conceal its expression, until it rested on the silken hair of the child. "Bea good boy, Tommy, and mother will never scold you any more,” she mur mured gently in his ears. liis arms stole upward, and ns they were twined closely about her neck lie pressed liis lips tightly against her cheek —thus sealing his part of the contract with a kiss, “How sweet to a mother's taste were these first fruits of self-control. In the effort to govern herself what n power had she ac quired. Only first fruits were these. In nil her after days did that mother strive with her self ere she entered into the contest with tho inherited evils of her children; and just so far as she w'as able to overcome ovil in herself, she was nble to overcome evil iu them. Often, very often, did she fall book into the old states; nnd often, very often was self-resistance only a slight effort; but the feeble influence for good thut flowed from her words or actions whenever this was so, warned her of error, and prompted a more vigorous self-control. Need it bo said that she had an abundant reward ? Do Bnakkh Swallow theik Ynt xo?— Mr. George Gabriel writes to the New Ha ven Palladium that he is as certain snakes do swallow their young as he is of his own life. Years ago, he says: "In my native town, I was strolling over a meadow, and came near an old stump of a tree that was quite decayed about the roots, when I was somewhat startled at seeing a snake about two feet long (commonly called striped snake) with month wide open, nnd the young snakes running in for safety, like young frightened chickens into the coop to their mother. Probably I inherited considerable antipathy to serpents, for I immediately killed the snake, and then set about verifying the question as to whether the young snakes really wont into the mouth or under the mother. I opened the snake and found eleven young live snakes inside the body, averaging six inch es in length, and from one-eighth to one quarter in diameter. We could have told him that an hundred years ago, if our birth had not been de ferred. It was one of tho first things wo learned about “sarpeuts.” Variety op Pood. —The Scientific American is of the opinion that we. require variety iu our final. It says experience has proved that, for some reason unknown to science, variety is essential to health after reaching the age when we are free to choose our food. The perpetual recurrence of the same edibles, even though their number he considerable, be corns in all pe riods of life, except infancy, not only wea risome, but positively injurious. Salt pork, salt fish and potatoes, with pies,poor bread, Japan ten, are the staples of food of thousands of families during our long win ters, It should be understood how need ful a change of diet, is from time to time. Flesh vegetables, partieulary in the coun try, arc readily obtained and preserved, and should lie unsparingly used. The edible roots, ns turnips, carrots, onions and beets, and calmges, arc as well worth preserving as the*omnipresent potato. All these veg rtables need thorough boiling, and more than they generally get. The pioneer bookseller of America, Daniel Appleton, called upon an English banker, or merchant, in Loudon, to open a commercial credit with him. He de clined. with the cool remark that ho had already lost too much by Americans to trust any more. Mr. Appleton quietly ro : marked that, if he would turn to his books and make out a bill for all goods sold by him to defaulting Americans, he w ould give ; him a check for the amount on the spot, i The astounded merchant had his books ex amined, and the name of not one single American firm was found. All his debt ors were Englishmen! State Gossip. The garrison at Fort I’ulaaki is to be removed to St. Augustine, Flo. Savannah hns received the rails for the Coust Line Railroad. Macon has already received more than one thousand bales of the new cotton crop. The negro Amos Bone, who outraged a colored girl in Macon the other day, has been arrested, tried and convicted. The citizens of Columbus wero horror struck tho other day hy somebody starting a free lunch. The work of excavating for the new Ca thedral in Savannah will soon be com pleted. The Hincsville Gazette says that the storm which did so much damage in this section last Friday, was perfectly liarmlujis there. It is rumored that an Auguste firm has sent one hundred thousand dollars to its New York correspondents to help them out ill the financial crisis. The South Georgia Times says that the Storm King got loose on last Friday and jerked things aliout promiscuously. We have a vugtio idea that the wind did nlow a little on that day. A young Ethiope in Savannah the other day, while riding along the street upon the hack of a docile mule, received a blow on the head from a rock thrown by some un known hand, and wus so startled thereby that he quietly sat down in the sand. Last Saturday night an enterprising darkey in Savannah, wanting to try his skill with the pistol, took for liis target a negro woman who was standing in or near the marked, and his aim being accelerated by an overdose of mean whisky, tlic ball took effect in her left breast, inflicting a painful wound. A Savannah paper has this: "Noticeable among the freight passing along Bay street almost daily, from the various steam ships running to this port, are light plan tation wagons, wheel-barrows, wagon shafts, nnd other such material. Com ment is unnecessary, as the subject is ex hausted.” Starvation to Southern me chanics. The Morn in {/ New is responsible for the following: "A DeKalb man recently stole n mule, gave himself up, plead guilty, and was sentenced to the penitentiary for five years. Ho explained his erne by saying tbnt he wanted to get. rid of his w ife. It is a pretty commentary on onr laws when a man has to take refuge iu the peniten tiary to get rid of his wife.” We clip the following from ihe Aiher liter and Republican: “A sad accident oc curred the other day in the western port of the city. A little boy, Joseph Angel (’anet, aged four nnd a half years, the son of Mr. Joseph Conet, a barber employed at Cutino’s barber shop on Market square, HI out of the window of his father’s house on Zribly street, neiir Anji. It appears that the little fellow told hi* mother, who was engaged in sewing, that he was going to help her clean the room, nnd getting upon a chair at the window, lie pushed the blinds open, nnd losing his balance, was precipitated from the second story to the pavement, his head striking the newel post of the banister to the sloop, fractur ing his skull in two places. He was picked up senseless, and medical aid sent for. Drs. Waring nnd Reid were soon in at tendance, nnd did everytliing to relieve the little sufferer.” We linvusince learned that the little fellow, after much suffering, died at 10 o’clock on Tuesday. Magistrates must be queer birds. This is what a Savannah paper sys about one down there: "Yesterday afternoon some sensation was created on Bryan street by the appearance, in an open barouche, of a certain well-knowu Magistrate, arrayed in the height of fashion. ll* was so thor oughly disguised iu black doeskin pants, white vest and white cravat, claw-hammer coat and silk beaver, that his own consta bles, for the moment, were unable to recog nize him. His No. 10 slippers were so highly polished that they resembled minia ture mirrors, and his kid gloves were of spotless white. The sight was a rare one, and attracted crow ds of spectators. Upon inquiry we ascertained that the eminent judicial magnate was en route to Lover’s Lane to perform a marriage ceremony, and ns the contracting parties were well to do, he determined to go is style. Onr hist reports concerning him were to the ef fect that he was cutting a pigeon wing on the top of a zig-zag rail fence, with a but tle of champagne in one hand and twelve pounds of cake in the other. ’’ ♦- —*♦— [London Post Lottr.) Louis Napoleon and the Duke of Bruns wick’s Fortune. It happens to fall within my knowledge that years ngo that eccentric Prince, the late Duke of Brunswick, made the Prince Imperial his sole legatee, thus leaving his millions to the heir of a civil list of a mil lion * year. He informed the Emperor of this intention, and forwarded to him a schedule of his many investments. It was this schedule, found at the Tuileries among the Emperor’s private papers by the insur gents of the 4th of September, that gave rise to the fable of the hoarded wealth which Napoleon was said to liavs placed in English, Dutch and other securities. Since the Emperor’s death it has been proved how poor a man he died. Not the least singular part of the story is that im mediately on the fall of tho Empire the Duke of Brunswick rev si the disposi tion of his vast fortune—which would now, indeed, have been invaluable to one who has little more than a great name for in heritance—aud east about for some other object sufficiently nnd securely wealthy to justify the device of further riches. He was residing at the flourishing city of Ge neva, nnd it seems to have struck him that the ancient Swiss Republic was possessed of a vigorous and stable existence, nnd Geneva of abundant resources. Accord ingly, on tile sth of March, 1871, care fully excluding all his relatives, he devised the whole of his real and personal estate to that- city, subject only to the charge of a princely funeral aud the erection of a magnificent mausoleum in which his em balmed and petrified remains nre to be en tombed amid statues of bronze aud mar ble. A Young Man Runs Away with a Judge’s Wife He Takes the Two Children and a Two-hnndred-and-fitty-ponnd Servant Girl Along for Ballast. The Leavenworth Times of the 2d says that about two days ago a letter w’as re ceived at polici headquarters in that city from Bethany, Harrison county, Mo., stating that a young man by the name of Samuel Frost had stolen his mother’s best span of horses and eloped with the wife of a prominent judge and merchant of that place.* Besides the woman nnd her two children—one at the breast—the young renegade managed to get awfty with the horse and carriage of the venerable judge; nnd Inst, but not least of all his thieving*, did feloniously steal und carry away, against her will, the light, fragile and deli cate corn-fed servant girl, who "kicks the beam” at exactly two hundred and fifty pounds. Then he fled the town, and goaded the horses on toward happy Kansas, where he expected to settle down on some retired spot out on the plains, where noone would know him where everything was known to be sweetly bucolic —where sweet milk, sweet butter and tranquility reigned su preme and everything was i vely. He did not reach his paradise, however, owing to his folly in placing himself in the way of onr efficient and wide-awake police force. Monday officer Spaulding got wind of a camping party of one man and two women at Three-mile creek, and concluded to go out ands. who they were. As soon as lie saw the portly domestic ho "knew liis man at once,” anil apologizing to the women for the intrusion, laid his hand on Frost's shoulder and told him he was his prisoner. Of course, the women fainted, and the 250 pounds of servant-galiam rolled her eyes wildly toward heaven and dropped. But this affecting tublenn did not affect tho officer in the least. He took the two horses, a wagon and the man Frost nnd returned to the city, leaving the women in camp to mourn tho loss of their pro tector. The Judge's horse nnd buggy were sold about ten miles aeross the river in Mis souri. He has been notified of the arrest of the parties, and will probably send for liis recreant wife at once. Frost is young and unsophisticated, and is entirely overcome with the calamity which has befallen him and his harem. That Judge was very indiscreet in ex posing his tender wife anil delicate maid to the ravages of Frost. The wife is en tirely blighted; the maid much smitten. Thk IsoF.re.NHEK.vr respectfully advises the Judge to take them home again, and be more faithful in the future in the dis charge of his duties, and don't let Frost fall on them any more. [from the Southern Enterprise. Drowned, Two wonng ladies. Misses Sarah Norris and Ella Ball, aged respectively 16 and 13 yearn, were drowned in the Ocklockonce river on Sunday afternoon, a short dis tance below 80. tla. & Flo. K. R. bridge. The parents of these girls live in the 17th district—the former a few miles, aud the latter aim at one mile beyond the river. Miss Norris was on a visit to Mr. Ball’s family, and after dinner the two girls left tlie house for the ostensible purpose of biking a walk. Failing to return nt a sea sonable hour, their friends became alarmed and instituted search. No clue as to their whereabouts was ascertained, and the news of their mysterious absence was spread ; abroad through the neighborhood, and the search became general. About 7 o’clock a. m., Monday morning the body of one of the girls was discovered lodged against a limb m the river, and near by, on the sand bar was found tile clothing and jewelry of both. This left no doubt as to the fate of the other, and the search ers at once directed their efforts to the re covery of the body from its watery grave, A short search proved successful—the muring body being on the bottom in the immediate vicinity of tho other. Latkil —On Monday afternoon Mr. W. L. Hudson, J. P. for the 1227th district, held an inquest on the bodies —Dr. K. J. Bruce making a pout mortem examination. We have not seen the Justice’s return, but learn that it is. in substance, that the gills came to their death by drowning, at the hands of unknown parties. We also learn that the physician's affidavit is to the effect that the person of Miss Norris had been violated. On examining the grounds, a large bare foot track was discovered on the sand-bar upon which the girls left their clothing, and leading from thence into the water. Emily Faithful, in her chapter on Amer i ioan journalism, says of Greely and his suc cessors: “The one thing that the childish old man never learned —]>oliey—he found lin Whitelnw Reid; and in time, it was known that the blow that broke Greely’s ’ heart came, to Reid’s judgment, as some | thing to he dealt with as a desert guide I deals w ith a simoon. He was calculating when it would blow over. Life to him is Ia broad balance sheet. It was to Greeley • like .he breeze that plays upon an zEolian harp. Win c Greeley hesitated, Reid pushes. Greeley discussed promises; Reid 1 insists on the undeniableness of his eon- I elusions. He earns nothing for the passing * rhetorical effect of his sentences, provided I ho wins. The pail may be. red or yellow; i but does it hold water? He is indefatigable. i This man—keen cool, judicious, strategical j unflinching—has not the slightest doubt 1 that the problem of guiding the Tribune j through the many years to come, has been solved by him. He lias a firm reliance on his own strength, and he asks no man to confirm it. In his management he is as much like Barnes, of the London Times. as anybody. ” Robert Dale Owen, in liis autobiograph ical narrative iu the Atlantic Monthly / for September, relates the follow ing anecdote of Mr. Greenwood, one of the Harmony I colonists: We had, during the summer of ; 1820, several terrific thunder storms, such as I had never before witnessed. The steeple of our church was shattered, and one of onr hoarding-houses struck. It was during one of these storms, when the whole lievens seemed illuminated, and the rain was falling in torrents, that I saw old Greenwood, thoroughly drenched, and carrying upright, as a soldier does his musket, a slender iron rod, ten or twelve feet long. He was walking in the middle of the street; passed with slow step the house iu which I was, and, as I afterward learned, paraded every street iu the village in the same deliberate manner. Next day I met him, and asked mi explanation. Ah, well, my young friend, ” said he, “I am very oh\, I'm not well, I suffer much, and I thought it might be a good chance to slip off, and be laid quietly iu the corner of the I peach orchard” (the tempoaiy cemetery I of the settlement). A Galena man went to the cemetery, dug up his father’s glare stone, aud offered it for sale to a marble cutter. The Gazette triumphantly adds, as a challenge to the world: "Bring on your mean men!” The great-grandfather, grandfather, and uncle of Miss Jennie Bnrham. who was drowned in Grand Bay, at Newmarket. ; N. H.. were drowned in the same bay, within a mile of w here was found. Greenwich Time. Never hud science a more pleasant re treat than Greenwich Observatory appears to lie this bright summer morning. For all its pleasant aspect, however, the iden of exploring it is a decidedly formi dable one. At the very entrance gates one feels suddenly convicted of the most abject ignorance. Here are mysterious metal pins fixed on the wall for the deter mination of British measurement, and the question at once auses, what have these hi do with astronomy? Then there is a great clock-dial on which the hours are reckoned from one to twenty-four, and which is popularly believed to be kept go ing by the sun. Determined to clear the way as he goes on, the visitor niukcs these outer difficul ties the subjects of his first inquiries on pulling admittance, and he discovers to his amusement that the very length of his trousers, and the cut of his coat, and the height of his hat have all been determined by measurements based upon the motions of the heavenly bodies. A tailor’s yard measure, it appears, bears o'certain proportion to the length of a p< minium which, under specified condi tions, beats accurate seconds of time, and seconds of time are determined by as tronomical observation. If the tailor w ishes to verify his measure he has only to bring it to the observatory gate, where he will find a standard absolutely accurate. Ah to the clock, it is an astronomer’s clock, and astronomers know nothing of a. m’s anil p. m’s; their calculations ore suffi ciently complicated without them. The notion that it in kept going by the snn is, it need hardly be said, a mere delusion. On passing the outer portal of the ob servatory, the visitor finds himself in an open court-yard, with an irregular pile of buildings on his left hand. Entering a low doorway in one of these, lie is at once interested to discover that he is really at what may Ik: considered the fountain head of all onr computations of time. The chief business of Greenwich, as .all the world knows, is to tell us the time of day, and in this small and somewhat mean looking apartment is the great telescope by which observations for this purpose are effected. The instrument—the transit circle, as it is technically called—ia twelve feet in length, ml its largest glims is eight iuches in diameter. It is suspended by the mid dle between two massive atone buttresses in such a manner as to permit of its sweep ing the sky in a straight line overhead, though it cannot lie veered round to the right or left. We have arrived, let us suppose, a little before noon; the sun is about to cross the meridian, and an observation is to be made. Shutters in the roof are thrown open, the great telescope is swung up and fixed in position, and an observer seats himself at the lower end of it. While we are waiting for the great luminary, let us take a peep through the instrument. All that can he seen is a number of vertical lines—technically called wires, though they are in reality ao many pieces of col> web—stretched across the field of oliser vation at irregular distances. The center one is the celebrated meridian of Green wich, or at all events it represents it, and it is carious to reflect that from this cen ter lino ships of all nations, and in all parts of the known world, are reckoning their distances; that this little piece of cobweb is, practically, all that divides the world into eastern and western hemis pheres. While we nre peering along the telescope the drowsy tinkling of innumerable clocks is heard through the still summer air, aud we begin to think, for once at leant, the sun in behind time. If not, then it seems plain that all the Greenwich clocks are wrong, a supposition which is quite at va riance with all our traditional ideas of the place. On inquiry it is gratifying to find that our faith in Greenwich timepieces is perfectly justified, and that it really is the sun that is behind time. Tho apparent motion of the sun, as everybody knows, is really the motion of the earth. Now, tin earth moves round the gnu in a kind of oval pathway. When she is on either side of this oval her motions are accelerated, and the sun will cross the meridian before he is due. Just now, however, we are at one end of the oval, and the earth mnviis slowly, and. as you see, the sun is behind hiR time. It is clear, therefore, that, if the Greenwich clocks were to he regulated according to the time at w hich the lord of the day puts in an appearance at this little cobweb, they would require constant al teration. They are, however, set to record (lie average time of his transit. This nev er varies, and twelve o'clock "Greenwich mean time” is simply the mean or average time at which, throughout the year, the suti crosses the meridian. Let the observer now resume his watch at the instrument. What he lias to do is to record the precise instant at which the sun’s edge or "limb,” ns astronomers ex press it. passes that central "wire.” In any single observation, however, he may be a little at fault, and, for the sake of greater accuracy, therefore, lie will note the instant at wnicli it passes over all the “wires,” and then strike an average be tween them. Slowly the sun creeps up to the first line, and the observer lightly taps a little spring attached to the telescope. The second "wire" is reached, nnd again the spring is tapped, and so on throughout the whole of the seven or nine webs employed in the observation. This spring is connected with a tele graphic wire extending to a "chronograph” in a distant part of tho building, and, in order to understand the method of record ing the observation, we will now follow the telegraphic signal; or, os imagination is even swifter than tho telegraph, we will imagina that we have reached the "chro nograph” first, and are there ready to re ceive the signals. Accordingly we find ourselves in a queer littlo chamber, in which the most promi nent object is a very beautiful specimen of a clock, whose pendulum, instead of os cillating backwards and forwards, swings round in a circle, thus producing a motion perfectly uniform and unbroken. This clock is revolving the “chronograph,” which consists of a cylinder around which a sheet of white paper has been strained, while we nre watching this revolving bar rel, we see the observer’s signals come. A little steel point, which is traveling over the surface of the paper, is in electric Communication with the spring attached to the great, telescope, and every time the observer taps the spring this little travel ing point, pricks into the paper, thus re cording that the sun lots just crossed a "wire.” This, in itself, however, would not be a record of the time of transit if it were not that another little steel point, which is in connection with a galvanic clock in another part of the building, bas proviuosly marked the sheet of paper into spaces representing precise seconds of time. On the completion of the observa tion. the paper may be removed from the cylinder, and affords a permanent record of it. Nothing, perhaps, throughout the Ob servatory at Greenwich is calculated to strike the visitor with greater astonish ment than that galvanic clock to which reference hi- ;, ist been made. There is nothing vei -arkable in its appearance, but the work >. accomplishes renders it pci haps tlic most wonderful clock in th<- world, and certainly the most important one in England. In the first place, as wc have seen, it plays an impoihint part in registering ob servations. Besides this, it regulates sev eral clocks within the Observatory, us well ns the large one already referred to outside the gates; one nt Greenwich hospital schools, another at tho London bridge station of the Southwestern railway, another nt the l’ost Office, St. Martin’s le- Grand, and another in Lombard street. Once every day it telegraphs correct time to the great clock tower ut Westminster; it drops the signal ball over the Observa tory, another near Charing Cross, and one at Deal; it tires time guns nt Shields and Newcastle, nnd every hour throughout tho day it flashes out correct time to each of the railway companies. All this is accom plished, as it were, by the mere volition of the clock, and without any human in terference whatever. Every morning it ia corrected by an actual observation of a star; and thus, without living aware of it, do we every day start our traius, and make our appointments, and take our meals by the motions of the heavenly bodies, as ob served and recorded during the preceding night. We now proceed to one of those curious little domes surmounting various parts of the observatory. Here we find an instru ment devoted entirely to the study of the moon. Observations of the moon are of immense importance to is aa a nation of navigators, inasmuch os she affords tho means of determining longitude at aca. Her motions, however, from various causes are of an extremely complicated nature, and it is very necessary that she shall bo oliserved at all times and under all eirenm stanees. But with tho transit circle, tho instrument first noticed, it is plain that the moon could he observed only when she is crossing the meridian, and not al ways then. Some five or six-aml-twenty years ago, therefore, Sir George Airy, the present Astronomer Royal, designed tho “Altazimuth,” nnd since then the impor tance of Greenwich as a lunar observatory has been just about doubled. With this instrument and the transit circle tho observatory might do ail that, strictly speaking comes within its province. The w hole duty of Greenwich,as defined liy Herschcl, is "to furnish now nnd in all fu ture time the best and most perfect data by which the laws of tho lunar and plane tary movements, as developed by theory, can tie compared with observation.” Men surative astronomy for practical pur[H>c is the great business of Greenwich. {From the New York Graphic.] Peril in the Air. Tile financial situation is nneeKain. The break of the gold corner, instead of relieving the market and removing appre hension, has increased the sense of inse curity and brought trouble where it was least expected. The failure of Kenyon, Oox A Cos. almost started a panic on tho street, not so much because of the liabili ties of this well-known and trusted firm, as because it indicated the general condi tion of unsoundness and uncertainty in monetary affairs. When Mr. Drew, whose operations are on a vast scale, nnd who usually knows where he stands and steps, found it convenient to redeem the paper he had endorsed, and w r ns obliged to steady himself to keep from falling with the house of which he was special partner, the entire business community recognized the peril of the situation, and the opera tions of every broker and banker showed that the street was in a fever. The danger of an immediate crisis Ims paused. But all the causes which conspired to produce the fluctuations in tho market und the momentary disturbances of the lost fort night nre operating still, nnd the inevita ble panic is probably merely postponed for a time. If nothing else would lewd to it, the universal feeling of insecurity on the part of capitalists nud bankers, the apprehension which lurks in the nir and keeps everybody on the outlook for dis aster, the disjHwitiou of all extensive oper ators to draw iu their lines and make their sitnation secure, would help produce the pinic they temporarily avert. A good many wise speculations are made as to the cause of the present feverish and threatening state of our monetary affairs. One of the most important of their causes is generally overlooked. It is reunukabln that all onr recent monetary troubles lravo been directly connected with railroad operations. Formerly it was the rule: to sell all the stock of a road that coulel bo disposed of before the road was built, and to make up the deficit in mortgage! bonds. These bonds held the road. They paid interest at the current rates, and were much sought for its permanent institutions. Tlieir character became established, and they were in general demand. But with in a few years the entire method of pro cedure has been reversed. A small num ber of stockholders, representing an insig nificant amount of capital, have obtained a charter for a road, nnd then, hare sold the bonds for tho money with which to build it These bonds represented tho entire cost of the road, aud often three times the amount of its uctunl value. Tho inevitable consequence was that hundreds of people who bought bonds on tho strength of their well established ebaraetor found themselves in the. possession of de preciated, if not worthless pajie.r. They wore proprietors of a debt, and instead of receiving interest on their investments were fortunate if they escaped an assess ment. In this way the value of this kind of property has fallen from a high point to a very low one, and millions of dollars have gone to that bourne whence no money ever returns. These operations in rail road bonds have liad a disastrous effect on our money market and all our business transactions, and go far to account for our present financial embarrassments. The bitter, biting experience of the last five years should teach our bankers and capi talists the danger of dabbling in the bonds of unbuilt railroads which represent a want and not a property, anil which, w hen completed, will be managed by a small body of stockholders w hoso pecuniary res ponsibilities are insignificant aud for their own profit. Just now, while the present feeling of alarm fills the air and nobody knows who to trust or what to it is obviously important for all who hare money to keep it at command, or invest it iu government securities, or those equally safe and remunerative. The les son of prudence in expemliture is always in order, but never more so than when on the brink of what may possibly prove a severe conrmereial crisis. How Yotrxo Men Should Drink Stand up straight like a man. your left side to the bar, take the glass neatly and firm ly between the thumb aud forefinger of the right hand, lettiDg the little finger drop down to near the bottom of the glass, swing the glass iu a plane exactly corres ponding with the top of the bar, until it is precisely before you. Just then throw the head back a little, push the chin forward, so as to leave the throat in a full, open, easy position. Compress the lips tightly, draw a full breath through the nostrils, and with a graceful enrve raise the glass until the rim is within about three inches of your chin. Now is the supreme moment. Just here, turn your eyes upward, think of your mother, and open your hand in stead of your month! If any one laughs it will be an insult which you should by not going there again. __