Newspaper Page Text
THE TWICE-A-W EEK TELEGRAPH
TUESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1907.
WHAT IT COSTS
TO REFORM A BOY !•
4 l-I t I IM-H-H-H-H M M-H -l-H i -1 I H-H-H-4 1 I l IW-H-l-H-fr+ H-H" jH-I-H-H-l-l-FH p.p.p-FH-.p.p.p.M-Dt-H-l-H' !■ I-H-I t-I-1
NEW YORK, Jan. 12.—It costa $20# . bad boy problem reveals the fact that ! T
a , year to turn a bad boy Into a good the delinquent haled to the children's ,,
court is largely the vicitim of clrcum- ! f
stances—in this country sometimes a
very young vicitim. for American
courts can brand a child a criminal at
Itlzen. At least, this the latest figure
reported by the New York Juvenile
Asylum, which, for more than half a
century, has been engaged in the work
of transforming street urchins of the | the age of 6. In Germany the criminal
metropolis into self-respecting men.
The price of reformation, like the
price of almost everything else, is go
ing up. A few years ago the young
vagrant or petty thief or all-round
bxvdx&xvs 'Revive *\Xse&
*5ot CouwXt^’s
€>oo&
By C. H. FORBES-LINDSAY, in Richmond Times-Dispateh.
methods were
strident. Not many
■ delinquents were
is In liar-
the
congregate
the asylum
city 1,100
r gue who was sent to the asylum cost
$130 annually for clothing, food, lodg
ing and the education by which he was
polished up mentally and morally. B'ut
times have changed. Reform was
cheaper then because
different and less
years ago juvenile del
huddled together like
recks. That was under
Idea. At one time wh
occupied e building In
lads were sheltered ut
Now only 20 boys, and
the same age. live In
cottages or families tha
little village on the h«
Ghauncev .:. 1 Dobh- F> rry. same 20
miles out In the country. This is the
segregate idea which offers better op-
portunities f,,.- constant study of
each individual case, and which is as
different from the old method as the
comfortable h ,me is f-out the white
washed county jail. The number of
Children at Ohauncey is now 320.
Reformation In these days is con
ducted on a businet s busts. The au
thorities of the Juvenile A'ylurn can
age begins between the twelfth and
eighteenth year, in Austria at the end Our past' treatment of our Indian
of the fourteenth year and in England wards has been humane, but sadly
at the end of the sixteenth. In this lacking in intelligence and efficiency,
city only boys under 16 are sent to re- Hardly any condition could have been
formatorles. A boy a day over 16 may better calculated to promote barbar-
1111 H-H-M J.M i-M-l Mil M-H-M-HI I M I I I-M-I-M I III I
«i
bovs .11 about
one of the If.
: comprise the
ights between
tell
the
zith
*
Vl
to a cent what it cost
r»y a good citizen. Of
etV costs the asylum each
is contributed by the city,
few exceptions the asylum
boys are committed by city authorities
/acting through the children’s court.
The balance of the cost of making on
honest man Is contributed by the di
rectors of the asyhtm and other friends
and champions of the bad boy- who,
sociologist? have discovered, is more
sinned against than sinning. Since the
asylum was founded, the city of New
v .rk has invested i- • V- work of re
formation about $4,132.0(10. ,a sum
many times less than the city has paid
out in the same period for policemen,
c-'-urt ( 'finer' and j iit wardens In the
same half -century, private contribu-
ti ns to this work in the promotion of
good citizenship have aggreg&teed
$2,600,000. Thus near!; $7,000,000 has
been snent on bad boys in one city in
50 years, and in the past few years
the annua! cost per boy has increased
about $75.
Does it pay? The Juvenile Asvlum
people, who conduct the work of re
formation on business principles, have
figures to show that the work Is prof
itable. The hoys who graduate from
the asylum are generally sent to homes
in the West and it is known that 85
per cent of these boys turn out well.
A visitor now In the field has recently
reported favorably on the 22 per rent
of the children visited, hut this is a
little better than the .average Tim
question Does It pay? finds its an
swer in numerous life histories which '
are brought to the attention of the
.asylum authorities. A few days ago ;
they received a letter from a business ;
man in an Iowa town who 'hnnounced |
his election to the office of countv r"- ■
colder. He wrote that he hopr£ the |
asylum officers would be Interested to !
hear about him because they had sent j
him to Iowa In 1587. "Most of all.” be j
wrote, "I remember those words of j
Abraham Lincoln which grOeteed me |
in the assembly room—’Tell the hoys j
of the New York Juvenile Asvlum that
be sent to jail for stealing a street
railway transfer check while a hoy a
day under 16 may commit grand lar
ceny and be sent to the asylum to re
pent. arid reform. Judges agree that
this system is working considerable
harm to youthful delinquents, and the
study of the question made by those
Interested in the work of reform will
undoubtedly lead to better things.
In the study of the raw material for
good citizenship, attention is paid to
details which might at first seem to be
trivial. The experts in boy training,
for example, understand in the rela
tionship of teeth to morality. Xinety-
four per cent of the children sent to
the Juvenile Asylum have defective
teeth, and a large proportion suffer
from eye and skfn troubles.
"How could they be expected to act
normally undei the circumstances?”
asks the experienced and sympathetic
superintend:: nt.
So one of the first experiences of the
newcomer at Chauncey Is that of be
ing put in good phy.-i .:! conditl in. and
to many of these boys the experience
Is a decided novelty. As soon as the
youngster h
healthy boy,
if he is old
his- time in
ism and pauperism than the system
segregations, first adopted as a po-
against the introduction of liquor into
the Indian country, but the Commis
sioner of Indian Affairs finds this a dif
ficult proposition.
Unscrupulous persons have secured
land on reservations and engaged in
the business of selling liquor to the
lice measure, and continued from mis- J Indians, maintaining that an open
guided motives of paternalism. That i reservation is no longer Indian coun-
they have not been utterly ruined by
it speaks loudly for the Inherent stur
diness of c haracter of the North Amer
ican Indian.
Under the old policy the Indian was
1 and economic anomaly. He
wns encouraged to disregard *he very-
first lav.- of nature—that of providing
the means of subsistence for himself
and his offspring. His life was regu
lated and circumscribed to the last
detail. When front sheer revulsion of
spirit he occasionally went on a ram-
page, we stigmatized him as a "blood
thirsty savage ” and shudderingly hur
ried out our troops to herd him back
to his confines.* I.ike our Incurables
and hopelessly insane, we deemed him
a useless encumbrance, and while we
fathered him tenderly, fervently pray
ed that we might be speedily rid of
him.
Time and a more intelligent study
try. The Commissioner of Indian Af
fairs is determined to oppose this traf
fic with all the means at his com
mand. but he is handicapped by a re
cent decision of the Supreme Court and
by the fact that his office has no fund
from which to derive the means of
proecuting offenders. It is heartily to
be desired that some measures may be
adopted for the protection of the In
dian against his most formidable ene
my. Experience proves that his safety
lies in keeping liquor out of his reach.
Once he touches it he completely
doses control of himself. Nevertheless
he is eager to buy it and willing to pay
any price for it. facts that offer itrong
temptations to whisky dealers tolevade
the law if possible.
There are probably 40,000 Indian
children of the school age. Of the ma
jority of these the Government hopes
to make useful citizens, who will be
come an important factor in the devel-
INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY
IN THE YEAR 1906
rl-H-:-? H-M-M-M-M H 1 11 H !■ H
tra
The Juvenil
pec
eng
gins to feel like
a normal. 1
his schooling b
f-gins, and i
?nough he spend
S .-MI,;-’- of j
one of the slu
>ps where ;
aught.
lie Asylum authc
trities and j
;ed in similar v
rork have |
to find a corre
■t answer ;
of this pitiful remnant of the -former j opment of the Western States,
lords of the land have brought about-j The opposition of the parents to their
a better understanding of them and a i education is constantly diminishing,
wiser altitude toward them. We have! and there has been a marked Increase
come to know that the Indian is natur- i in school attendance during the past
been
to the question. What is a bad boy?
Most of the boys committed by the
children’s court are classed as ungov
ernable. which means in nine cases out
of ten that they have been playing
hookey. Boys who play truant to go
swimming, boys who chase a circus
out of town, hoys who try to run away
to sea—all these come under the head
of ungovernable, though the specialist
knows that such delinquency Is in the
blood and must come out and does not
necessarily make a bad boy. In fact,
the man who studies boys has an abid
ing faith in the ultimate goodness if
the average bad boy. The specialist
knows from the returns in thousands I jAo stron
, of cases that as a general rule the JLia
1 youngster will walk straight after get-
; ting the right direction. Too often he
cannot get these at home and a stum
ble brings him to court.
While the price of making good boys
and men out of wayward youngsters
has gone up because of the new sys
tem of surrounding them with home
influences, the directors and friends of
the Juvenile Asylum and the city au
thorities as well are reconciled to the
change. They believe in the new idea,
se firmly that they are planning to
build cottages where the boys my live
in pleasant home surroundings. The.-e
men have the utmost faith ih the
method which separates one type of
young offender from another, and
brings out individual merits by discov
ering and removing individual defects.
Parents of wayward boys are coming
to have the same faith, too, for in some
cases they contribute to the boys* sup
port according to their needs, which is
a point the court determines, the as
sessment? ranging from 50 cents to $2
a week. There are a few instances
they must value Justice, truth and hu- where well-to-do parents pay the full
manitv If thev wish to become useful i price, and would gladly pay any price
and honorable men.’ I have often i in have their children subjected to th<
thought of those words. I have tried
to live up to them as Lincoln wished
us to do. T wish the boys who leave
fh-.* asylum would never forget them.
Tell them to come West.”
J,ike all other business men. the au
thorities of the Juvenile Asylum study
carefully the raw material from which
! husiness-like method of reformation
: followed at Chauncey. But the asylum
I prefers to take the children of the less
j fortunate, who compose the bulk of
1 prisoners in children's courts today,
j and who, according to the Chauncey
: idea, will, In eight or nine eases out of
I ten. become useful and honorable men
aiiy or a peaceful disposition, that his
forbearance under provocation is re
markable, that ho has many inherent
characteristics which might-excite the
envy of the proudest people, and that
in his general make-up are the qual
ities that go to the composition of an
admirable citizen if they be but given
fitting scope and proper direction.
The Indian problem which vexed our
grandfathers has evolved itself into a
comparatively simple and definite prop
osition with encouraging features in
the present and hopeful outlook for the
future. The task of civilizing these
children of nature is no easy one. We
have to contend with the Indian’s un
conquerable dislike to the white man,
his temrermanuta i aversion to novelty,
and other traits that conflict with the
character of the Caucasian. These are
to be overcome in the adults
t middle age. and little more than
tolerance of our efforts may be expect
ed of the men and women in the earlier
stages of manhood. It is from the
more plastic material offered by the
children that our Government hopes to
mold the Indian of the future.
Our national family embraces
thing more than 2SO.OOO Indians. Thes
are domiciled in reservations scatter?*
all over the country west of the Mis
sissippi.
There are a few in the lak
and one little settlement in North Car
olina. Contrary to general belief, the
Indians are holding their own in num
few years. It has risen from less than
20.000 in 1S98 to upward of 25,000 in
1004. The Government maintains 33
boarding schools and 13!) day schools
on the reservations. In addition io
these there are 25 advanced schools, of
which Carlisle University and the Has-
kelUfend Hampton Institutes are the
best known.
The present Commissioner of Indian
Affairs is strongly in favor of practical
education and industrial training for
the young redskins, and his ideas
shape the policy of the principals.
Let me cite one instance that recently
came to my notice in evidence of tae
substantial results that are being pro
duced: A bridge to span a river was
needed by Snohomish County. Wash.
The officials' estimated the cost at
S3,600. The Government employed ' in
'he construction the school boys of the
Tulalin Reservation. The.y completed
the work quite satisfactorily and at a
cost of $650. their labor being almost
gratuitous.
The affairs of the Indians were never
in such favorable hands as now.
Frank E. Leupp, the present cammis-
ome- j sioner. understands and sympathizes
with his charges
vantage of twenty years of close in-
"Vt ASHINGTON. Jan. 12.—American
manufacturers made their best record
in 1906, so far, at least, as their record
can be measured through imports of
manufacturers' materials or exports of
manufactures. In practiaclly all of the
great articles imported for manufac
turing purposes the records of 1906
show a larger total imported than in
any preceding year, while the aggre
gate value of manufacturers' materials
imported, whether in the crude state
or in a partially manufactured form
for further use in manufacturing, was
also greater than in any preceding
year. Likewise in exports of manu
factures the figures of the year are
larger than In any preceding year,
fiscal or calendar.
So apparent is this greater importa
tion of manufacturers’ materials and
greater exportation of manufactures
that It is unnecessary to await the
December figures to justify the asser
tion that the record of 1906 will be
higher than that of any other year. In
practically all of the great articles the
figures of the eleven months ending
with November, 1906, exceed those of
the corresponding months of any ear
lier year. Running through the list of
great articles imported for manufac
turing and taking them In alphabetical
order, the records of the B'ureau of
Statistics of the Department of Com
merce and Labor show the imports of
cement, chemicals. copper, fibers,
hides and skins, lumber, rubber, silk,
tin, tobacco and wool: and all of these,
INSTAUEB III HOUSE
ding months of 1905. Of tin. the im
ports of the eleven months of 1906
were 90 million pounds, and in the cor
responding months of 1905 were S3
millions. Of leaf tobacco, the imports
of the eleven months of 1906 were
practically 39 million pounds, against
a trifle mor than 31 millions in the
same period of 1905. The two import
ant articles of manufacturers' mate
rials in which a reduction Is shown arc
fibers, of which eleven months' im
portations fell from 2S0 thousand tons
in 1905 to 263 thousand in 1906. and
wool, of which the imports fell from
234 million pounds in the eleven
months of 1905 to 1S3 millions in the
corresponding period of' 1906. This
falling off in the imports of fibers and
wool is the more striking in view of
the fact that the importations of man- i of the House a person h
ufactures of fibers and wool show in ’ ”
each case an increase in 1906 compared
with 1905.
Not only do the quantities of man
ufacturers’ materials show an Increase,
but the total value of the great groups
also show an increase. ' The value of
manufacturers’ raw materials imported
In the eleven months of 1906 was 402
million dollars, against 370 millions In
the corresponding months of 1905: and
the value of manufactures for further
use in manufacturing 223 million dol
lars, against ISO millions in the same
months of the preceding year.
The export figures of the year also
indicate great activity on the part of
•the manufacturers, since in the large
proportion of cases they show an in
crease in quantity as well as value of
with the exception of fibers and wool, ! manufactures exported. The total
the importations of the eleven months j value of manufactures exported in the
ending with November, 1906, are j eleven months of 1906 was, of mnnu-
greater in quantity than those of the . factures for further use in manufac-
corresponding months of any earlier I turing, 220 million dollars, against 194
year. Of cement, the imports in eleven j millions In the corresponding months
months of 1906 were 773 million | of the preceding year, and of mami-
pounds, against 307 millions in the
same months of 1905. Of chemicals,
the total value of the importations was
0 million dollars, against 63U millions
n the corresponding months of the
preceding year. Of copper, in pigs,
bars, etc., the imports were 161 mil- I again
lion pounds, against 147 millions in
eleven months of 1905. Of hides and
skins, the eleven months' importations
were 373 million pounds, against 350
millions in the corresponding period
of the preceding year. Of lumber, the ' spending month
value imported in eleven months of ■ year; lumber.
factures ready for consumption 438
millions, against 301 millions in the
corresponding period of 1905, thus
indicating that the total value of man
ufactures of all kinds exported during
the year will exceed 7Q0 million dollars,
less than 63.0 millions in the
ding year. Iron and steel manu
factures exported in the. eleven months
of 1906. for which statistics are now
available, show an increase of 28 mil
lions dollars over those for the corre-
of the. preceding
increase of 9 mil-
1906 was 29 million dollars, against [ lions': refined mineral oil, an increase
22'6 millions in the corresponding ; of 5 millions; cars and carriages, an
months of 1905. Of India rubber, the i increase of nearly 5 millions: pig cop-
number of pounds imported in the | per. an increase of 4 millions: Instru-
eleven months of 1906 was 60 millions, j ments and apparatus for scientific
and in the corresponding months of j purposes, an increase of nearly 4 mil-
1905 but 5S millions. Of raw silk, the ! lions: agricultural implements, an in
WASHINGTON, Jan. 12.—Experi
ments recently conducted by the su
perintendent of the Capitol have
proven so thoroughly the value of the
“acoustieon" that it is expected the
device will soon be permanently in
stalled in the House of Representa
tives.
The acoustieon is a sound-intensi-
fler. having ;he appearance of a small
black metal disk, and will stand up
right on the Speaker's desk. To tlie
disk is attached a cable, which con
nects with any number of ordinary
telephone wires. It is intended that
these wires run to every committee
room and -office in the Capitol building,
and 'to the office rooms in she new
Congressional office building when that
is completed.
In each office will be an ordinary
telephone receiver, and in order to
know what is taking place on the floor
merely to
place this receiver to his ear. when
every word spoken in the chamber may
be heard with perfect distinctness: as
well, in fact, as if one were standing#
at the Speaker's desk.
Thus a member will be able to keen
track of the course of official business
without having to leave his office or
committee room until some hill comes
up in which he is Interested.
While this has not yet been actually
demonstrated, there appears to he no
reason why an ordinary long-distance
wire might not he.connected with one
of the acoustieon wires, and a member
In New York or Chicago listen to tno
speeches being made in the House of
Representatives.
Another somewhat similar device,
planned for the more personal use of
members, is the dlstograph, by means
of which a Representative may sit in
his office or walk up and down the
floor and dictate to a stenographer
several rooms removed. When lie has
finished, if he desires to have the letter
road over to him. he may press a but
ton. and the stenographer’s reading
will be heard with distinctness any-
where in the room.
A SCHOOL EOR
rts of the eleven months were j crease of about 2 millions, and naval
« . „ -. . , ,, , import
He nas nad the ad- , nearly 15 million pounds, against
stores also an Increase of about 2 mil-
... t little over 14 millions in the correspon- ' lions:
tercourse with the Indian in ms natu- 1 . - —a
ral environment, which is the forest
; on j and the plain of our sparsely Settled j
j Ftates. where, in the old home and ■
I playground of the redskin, must be j
i found the field of his future usefulness. |
What of the future of the North Amer-
■ ,, A ,-bans increasing slightly I "hat ot the future ot the .North Amer- . !
eis. an ! perhaps increasing siionu>. I , can Indians? a race they have ; T
he present enlightened pohe: ol the none They are fated, not to extinction. . X
overnment is designed to set the in- ; hut to absorption. The process began ! T
but to absorption. The process begar
long ago with the hardy frontiersman who
married the daughter of a red man and
liegat a family of half-hn-rab it lias
progressed in this direction » ^ since.
they make :he finished product, that of 1 if they can be given a new start and a
good citizenship. Close study of the fair chance.
Growth of Industrial Wealth
of the Southern States
BALTIMORE. Jan. 11.—In its issue
this week the Manufacturers’ Record
e ays:
"Consideration of Increasing wealth
in the South must add to the $2,000,-
000.000 worth of farm products now
raised each year. $2,225,000,000 worth
of manufactured products and $260,-
000.000 worth of mineral products.
Such annual productivity, now aggre
gating about $4,485,000,000, accounts
for an increase of nearly $50,000,000 in
the capital of national banks In the
South in six years and an annual in
crease of $40,000,000 or $50,000,000 in __
the deposits in national. Slate, savings proving streets
and private banks and loan and trust
companies in that section, and the
general progress has an expression in
and Is immediately contributed to, by
railroad construction, every mile of
new track stretching toward great
lumber tracts or toward deposit? of
real, iron ore and other minerals, or
bringing closer to markets virgin ag
ricultural sections, being just that
much power added to the South's mile
age. 26.7 per cent of the total addition
since 1900, and bringing the total to
64.035 miles. That is more than double
the railroad mileage of the whole
country in 1S60 and within less than
30.000 of the total mileage of the coun
try In 1880. Texas alone has 3.600
miles more railroad than the whole
country had in 1850, and during the
past year it led in increase in the
South 810 miles, the State nearest to
i: in new construction having been
Louisiana, with 472 miles. Arkansas
ranked third in new mileage, the prom
ise "f an enormous advance in the
farther South, but it is almost equally
significant to note 162 new mileage in
Virginia. 192 in North Carolina and 216
in West Virginia, showing mine and
timber development in those States.
"Summarizing farm activities, em
bracing the raising of practically every
crop grown in the country, in addition
to crops exclusively* Southern, manu
facturing energies with 262 of the 339
separate industries of the country rep-
r.^eppted in the South mineral pro
duction in which the South is to be-
more and more dominant, espe
cially as to cort and petroleum and
iron ore. lumbering operations in which
the rut Of the South is about 40 per
cent of the total in the country, rail- i
read building, foreign eommerce. etc.. I
a magnificent display of progress is
than it handles through its own ports,
and in that time its railroad mileage
has Increased by 11.441, or nearly 22
per cent, and the assessed value of its
property by $2,430,000,000, or nearly 48
per cent.
"With all this money-making going
on, it is not surprising that the South
is spending millions of money for im r
pro vent ents of many kinds. Counties
are building better roads, better
bridges and better school houses. Mu
nicipalities are erecting modern public
buildings, installing waterworks and
sewerage systems and using up-to-
date methods and materials in im-
Railroad operations
ern
dian upon his feet, to sever the com
munal ties that bind him to his tribe
and to abolish his position as a depen
dent upon the Government.
Carefully, tenderly, we have led him
along the entering paths of civiliza
tion. and now. while still watching over
him and directing his course, we are
practicing him to walk alone. The
contraction of the ration policy and the
expansion of the labor policy are
teaching our charges the value of in
dividual effort, and the opening of the | coming generation of educated full-blood-
reservations to white settlers is in- ed Indians is a less calculable quantity,
stilling self-dependence and ernula- Ownership of land will draw the majority
Mining seu ui iieuueui ” I to agricultural pursuits, and there is rea-
tlon. . j son to believe that as farmers thev will
We have during the past twentj : rnake a creditable figure in the main. The
vears been individualizing the Indian | Indian is a natural diplomatist and logi-
SOUTHERN MEN WHO ARE
OFFICERS IN U. S. NAVY
with constantly increasing . t uency.
These half-breeds find in the white strain
the practical qualities lacking in the abo
riginal character. They display ability to
take care of themselves, and to make
their way in the world in competition
with white men.
Many of them are capable of occupying
J LOUIS BROWNLOW, IN NASHVILLE AMERICAN. 4
I''!"l"l"!"H- i l l"l"t' , l-l"H"!"l i l"l"l“l"H"l ,, H"l"l"I"r"l"l"I~H-i-
Louis Brovnlow in Nashville Banner.
A study of the register of the com
missioned and warrant officers of the
navy of the United States reveals some
prominent positions in’ business and the 1 interesting details as to the place of
professions. The future activity of the 1 ’
as the owner of real estate by breaking
up the reservations .which preserved
the old communal customs and habits
and establishing each Indian as an in
dependent landholder. This movement
has extended rapidly in recent years
and will soon embrace the last of the ; jmne upon
old-time reserva
the Indian the w
asking him to assume
Clan.
He may be expected to furnish a large
proportion of the lawyers and noliti
birth and place of appointment of these
officers. The South seems to have her
fair proportionate share of officers in
the lower grades of officers, but, by
reason of the fact that most of the
Southern men In the navy at the out
break of the Civil War resigned and
DeWitt Coffman. Virginia: F. H. Sher-
souri: Albert Gleaves. Tennessee: J. P.
Parker, North Carolina: B. W. Hodges,
Mississippi: V. S. Nelson, Tennessee;
W. S. Benson, Georgia, and W. R. Rush,
Louisiana.
Of the 209 lieutenant-commanders in
the service 69 come from the Southern
States, and of the 304 lieutenants there
are 94 Southerners, while 51 of the 166
ensigns are from the South: 55 of the
173 midshipmen who graduated this
year were Southerners. In the medical
corps 6 of the 15 medical directors are
of the future West, but without
sion of white
in the tie
the execi
cast their fortunes
ith the Confeder- from the South, 9 of the 15 medical in-
m infu- , acy, the South does not
white blood, he will never shine j m u ch representation in the hig;
Aitivc VacuUy rCO ’shouid hc y f,nd a ! fades There is another interest!
,,,uic.ee c.v iuoc cu cue , -^on his land he would never work , fact shown—namely, that there h8
,l nn< -rc-p „ rp e-iving i it. but try to purchase it from him and . been a greater number of retirements pa.
hlrJn'c rhance ard 1 hp wi " dlivc - vou the hardest bargain j„ the past few years than at any | is a
ssume 'h n /JhUe C mams ! ‘“StfSSM* 4 I other time in the history of the navy, j spec
now have j spectors, 28 of the 87 surgeons. 14 of
higher I the 50 passed assistant surgeons,-25 of
resting ■ the 75 assistant surgeons and 12 of the
*ve ! 16 acting assistant surgeons. In the
corps, X of the 14 pay directors
Southern man, 6 of the 15 pay in-
pectors, 13 of the 76 paymasters. 9
the 30 passed assistant paymasters
he is responding as a man of
strong fibre might be expected to re
spond to any demand upon his manli
ness.
We are getting good results as we
learn to appreciate the individuality of
the Indian and apply to his treatment
a yard-stick cut to the measure of that
Individuality, which is as pronounced
as that of any race on earth.
In the past the Government has been
There are graduates of the school who
| go back to the paint and feathers and
beads and baskets of their fathers, add
All Americans know, of course, that
the navy has one admiral in the per
son- of George Dewey, a Vermonter.
find in tlie unkempt hair the dirty blan- i Admiral Dewey entered the service in
structors; 5 of the 28 civil engineers
come from the South, 5 of the 47 chief
boatswains. 5 of the 93 boatswains, 5
constantly exercised to find the Indian | Indians have
ket and the smoky wigwam relief from
the irksome restraints of civilization. The
love of the wild dies hard in the virile
Indian. I have heard of a physician in
good practice who found the call of Moth
er Nature so strong at times that lie
would steal away from his city home and
abide with his people for a while.
On the newly opened reservations the
,iQ=f dent ember i of the 45 chief guners. 6 of the 70 gun-
J. active ' 1* of the 39 chief carpenters. 12
' J I of whom, it is interesting to note, come
something to do, with the sole thought j farms, but
. z? l_ - • t mienkidf Dllf i m prplv' 9 ffl
111
of keeping him out of mischief. Our | merely a concession to
are double-tracking their old lines and j *° encourage him to Independent lahor,
extending new ones, are building hand- ! as against the old communal work
some passenger Stations. Increasing i w’ith its lack of personal incentive and
terminal facilities and adding to rolling 1 competitive stimulus. And the Indian
stock. Individuals are devoting thel? : is “making good in every field which
earnings to improving their homes in j he 113
town or country, or In building pew ;
present policy is to direct his energies token of equality with the white neigh-
. n .3|.Nie eh-inneic ond ■ b cr. Often beside the house is a tent,
into useful and profitaole channels and ( and jn that the redsk j n i ives
1854, and during
rounded out fifty-two
service, over seventeen of which was
spent" on the bounding main.
Twenty-Four Rear Admirals.
On the first of last January there
were twenty-four rear admirals on the
active list. Since then, however, there
have been several retirements. The
JmSm i fanning rear admiral I pointed from the South, and they are
” ~ " ' 3 of the 36 are
built houses upon their
many instances this
from Yirginia; 12 of the 59 carpenters
come from the South, and 9 of the;
comes from the Old Dominion; 29 of
the 201 warrant machinists are from
Southern States.
When it comes to the mates, 36 in
number, there are only 2 of them ap-
NORTH GERMAN FIRE INS. CO.
MUST PAY THEIR LOSSES
ones, in enlarging barns, in buying j
stock, farm implements and machinery. !
in installing fencing and in adding to !
the machinery for manufacturing. !
These investments are likely to in- !
crease during :he coming year and to ’
keep pace with :he increasing earning
capacity of the South. Theev are some j
of the manifestations of a prosperity 1
that Is addins? every day of the year '
about $7,280,000 to the wealth of the i
South, and which has brought that j
wealth close to $20,000,000,000.”
HAMBURG. Jan 12.—The North
German Fire Insurance Company, ac-
cording.to a decision rendered by the
local court in a test case today, must
pay the losses which it incurred as a
result of 'the San Francisco earth
quake last year. The court held that
the earthquake clause in the policy was
past generation shunned tne sanay j too ambiguous to justify the corn-
waste its sons are helping transform | pany seeking to escape liability. The
the desert into a blooming garden. In j court also ordered the.Trans-Atlantic
mines, on railroad consruction and ! Fire Insurance Company to reimburse
various other works throughout our ! two English companies which had re-
first class at the Naval Aca-
entered. Some of the best farms
in the newly opened sections sye till
ed by Indians whose fathers loafed
through life on the same soil.
The reclamation service employs j
hundreds of Indians and welcomes all S
it can get. for they have proved to be j
the best laborers available. Where the j
shunned the sandy j
find
THREE COLLEGE GRADUATES
ARRESTED FOR BURGLARIES
CHICAGO, Jan 12.—Three college
graduates, one said to be a son of a
wealthy family ! n London. England,
were arrested tonight charged with
having participated In a score of bur
glaries in Chicago within the last two
months. The police say that they re
covered stolen property valued at
$4,000 in the apartments of the men.
The thiNe men who. the police state,
have admitted the accusations against
them, are Richard E. Friekson. 25 years
of age. a graduate of Northwestern
University; Percy C. Hichlin, 27 years
of age. a graduate of Oxford Universi
ty. Engalnd. and Wheeler J. Frown,
years of age. graduated from an op
tica! school In New York city.
growing Westernland you will
| them. And on these busy spots you
I will gain a new and hopeful view of
1 the red race problem. When you see
the Indian putting ’nis weight with a
will on a mattock or sturdily swinging
: a pick you recognize him for a man to
: be respecteM. and you wonder at the
density of your past misconception of
j him.
But the pleasing picture that your
j fancy forms of the future of the Indian
■ is dimmed by a shadow it; the back-
1 ground—the sinister shadow of liquor.
This is the greatest danger that he-
sets his path to prosperity. It is a
greater menace to him than to any
other citizen of this country, for all
others enjoy a certain degree of im
munity. derived from generations, of
users of alcohol. You might give your
| child whisky with less il! effect than
I would follow the ir,du!gence_in it by an
j adult Indian. To him it is a crude
j poison which will work its full force
upon his system and soon set up an
insured San Francisco risks with it for
losses already settled. The case
against the North German Fire In
surance Company was won by San
Francisco lawyers who came to Ger
many in the autumn for the purpose of
pressing this claim.
the active list today is Robley Douglass , accr edlted to Virginia;
Evans, a Virginian by birth, but ap- | fore j gn born,
pointed from Utah. Admiral Evans ; j n jfirst
was born in Floyd County, Va.. and • demy, which is composed of 120 mem-
there countless legends linger still of , bers, 37 are from the Southern States,
his prowess s aa scrapper in child- , j n tbe second class, consisting of 263
hood. Fear is said to have been an | members. 67 are from the South, as are
unknown sensation to him. Beside#; j jcg 0 f ^e 246 members of the third
him, out of the twenty-four rear ad- | c ] a s s .
mirals there are two who were born : Coming by Her Own.
in the South. They are Rear Admiral i jt will he seen by these statistics that
Sands, of Maryland, and Rear Admiral
Mead, of Kentucky. Admiral Mead is
the commandent of the Portsmouth, N.
H., navy yard, and figured as-the offi
cial host of the peace commissioners
last year. He Is a bosom friend of
Commissioner Yerkes of the internal
the South is getting about her fair
share of the more recently filled posi
tions in the navy. While the propor
tion of Southern men in the navy is
not as large as it was before the civil
war. yet, in proportion to the popula
tion. she has her fair representation,
revenue service, who delights to Velate I As indicated by the third class at the
incidents connected with his visit to I Naval Academy, the year that it grad-
the admiral last year at the time the j uates there .will be 156 officers to en-
peace treaty was being fought over. ! ter the service from the South to 190
Of the eighty-seven captains who are ! from the entire region remaining. This
in the active service, there are fourteen I is more than her proportionate share,
who were appointed from the South, j and if that ratio shall be kept up the
They are as follows: W. T. Burwell. | South will soon have a full share of
omandant Puget Sound navy yard, | the fighters who will prove the Anteri-
A WEALTHY CLUBMAN
DISAPPEARS MYSTERIOUSLY
PHILADELPHIA. Jan 12—Frank
A. Delone, a wealthy clubman and j appointed from MissourR^E. D.^Tauis-
cashier for a big clothing store in thi; ’
born in Mississippi: R. M. Berry, com
mandant Pensatoia navy yard, born in
and appointed from Kentucky; Uria!
Sebree. secretary Lighthouse Board.
[ can navy to be the best manned navy
i afloat.
• In six years, with an increase in
the population of about 2.400,000. or
something more than 10 per cent., the
South has increased the value of its
farm products by $728,000 000, or 57
per cent, and the value of its manu
factures $761.000.*'00. or 52 per cent.
It has added 3.493,000 spindles to it?
muon mill outfit an increase of 55 per
cent, and its mills use in 190# about
2 375,000 bale? of \merican cotton, or
48 per cent more tir n in 1900 Jn the
six vears the South's annual pig iron
production hr-.s increased by S96.000
WANT GREAT BRITIAN TO
MAKE AN EXHIBIT I unquenchable craving. Here is a prob-
WASHINGTON, Jap. 12.—The lem in itself.
House committee on industrial arts It must not be supposed that in plac-
and expositions decided 'odav to make" ing the Indian in a position to enjoy
a favorable report cn the resolution ! the benefits and perform the duties of
authorizing the President, in eonju-ct- independent citizenship the Govern-
ion with the Jamestown Exposition. ! men: has entirely resigned its guar-
Company. to appoint a special com- , dianship of him. In opening up reser-
mittee who shall invite Great Britian rations the allotment of lands Includes
to make an exhibit relating to the 1 every soul—men. women and children
period of exploration and colonization —among the Indians, and every rea
city, disappeared on Wednesday and
cannot be found. Delone started on
Wednesday from Haverford for a ride
in Fairmount Park. About 8 o’clock
his horse was found on Wissahiekon
drive, on the extreme border of the
city. There was nothing to indicate
that the horse had thrown his rider,
or- that he had been ridden hard. The
missing man always carried a large
sum of money, and it is feared that
he may have been waylaid.
fivim 1580 to 162
sor.abie provision is made for giving
them a fair start.
; notice to subscribers. SKi
Examine label on your na- j improvements. To s-uard against the
tr . j* unsophisticated aborigines becoming
per. It teilS now yoil Stand on prey to sharpers their allotments are
or 24 rer cent.: its coal produc- ! books DUP from da to on m trust by the Government for
tier bv 24.202.000 rms or 69 per cent: I *'“* , J” , ’ „ IfOBl aaie Oil \ twenty years, and may only be sold or
■■Mue orf exports at its ports $i77.- the label. Send in dues and : leased with the approval of the Secre-
rre .-o«\ or 38 per cert, though it fur- • r._ -inner tary of the Interior. It is desired to
nishes more merchandise for export 8iSO renew for the yeflX 1907. j maintain tha operation of the law
commanding the Massachusetts,
appointed from Missouri; Seaton
Schroeder. commanding the Virgntia.
appointed from South Carolina: J. D.
Adams, comanding the Olympia, ap
pointed from Mississippi; W. H. Beeh-
ier. commandant Key West naval sta
tion, appointed from Maryland: R. G.
Davenport, on duty at the Washing
ton navy yard, appointed from Georgia:
A. G. Berry, commanding the cruiser
Tennessee, appointed from Tennessee;
T. S. Phelps, in charge of the San
Francisco recruiting station, appointed
from Virginia: Karl Rohrer, stationed
at the New York navy- yard, born in
Germany and appointed from Missouri,
and P. A. H. Nickels, commandant of
the Charleston navy yard, appointed
governing ; f rom Mississippi, but born in Massa-
* cliusetts.
Twenty-Six Southern Commanders.
Out of the 122 officers with -the rank
of commander in the navy there are 26
who come from the Southern States,
company, the governing board has de- j Thev are as follows: Hugo Oster-
cided to designate two negro men. not | haus, Missouri: J. B. Colions. Louis-
connected with it. to serve with Jack- j jana: N. B. Milton, Kentucky; E. F.
son as an executive committee In con- [ Qualtrough. Kentucky; A. M. Knight.
Florida: W. F. Halsey, Louisiana
NEGROES WILL HAVE "SHOW
DOWN” AT JAMESTOWN
WASHINGTON, Jan. 12.—Another
conference between the
board of the Jamestown Exposition
ar.d the Negro Development Exposition
Company, was held at the treasury de
partment tedav. At the suggestion of
Chairman Giles Jackson, of the negro
nection with the collection and install
ation of the negro exhibit. T. L. Cailo-
way. of the War Department of this
city, already ha? accepted appoint
ment. bu: the second member has not
yet been selected. Mrs. Doctor Curtis,
of Washington.- has been appointed a
special agent of the negro company.
J.
M. Helm. Tennessee: M. L. Wood.’Mis
souri: W. M. Parks, Virginia: W. B.
Caperton. Tennessee; W. F. Worthing
ton. Maryland: W. N. Little. Georgia;
C. J. Boush. Virginia: C. C. Rogers,
man. Missouri: J. M. Orchard. Mis-
Tennessee; Benj. Tappan, Arkansas;
A Woman’s Way of Business.
Mrs. Rawles Reader, the American
millionairess, has just, propounded a
novel theory for the proper conduct of
business. She says that business
needs sympathy between employers
and employed. To insure this, when
she ran a typewriting office in New
York she kissed her sixty girl em
ployees morning and evening.A news
paper, commenting on Mrs. Reader’s
suggestion, says: "The idea is good,
and worth the consideration of busi
ness men and women."
1 don’t know whether male employ
ees would quite take to this policy of
embracing. It would be unpleasant
when a clerk was half an hour late in
the morning if he had to go and hug
the boss before he started to work. It
would be more awkward if he wanted
to slip away a little earlier at night
and yet knew that the boss would feel
himself slighted if he missed
good night kiss. Besides, heads of
businesses would be apt to overvalue
their caresses. 'No. I can't possibly
glve you an advance, but I appreciate
your services, and you may come and
kiss m» whenever you go to dinner."
However, in cases where the em
ployees are all ladies, there is more to
be said for the policy. In fact, I may
say that sympathetic kissing of lady
employees has already been tried by
more than one business man.—Man-
chetter Chronicle.
NORFOLK. Va., Jan. 12.—Tho
Jamestown Exposition will appeal with
compelling force to several classes of
our citizenship. The patriot, who glo
ries in his country’s history will visit
tho Exposition in order to learn more
of the nation’s story whiph cannot bo
told In books and to view relics, docu
ments and memorials connected with
the eras of development which mark
‘the three centuries since first the Eng
lish-speaking colonies landed at
Jamestown and founded the settlement
; that was destined to be the present
I republic. .
Tlie student of science, as applied to
every.day life, will visit the Exposition
in order -to. observe the experiments
conducted by the Government, espe
cially those which form part of tho
functions of the Interior Department.
In many various linos and in divers
ramifications of selected subjects tho
Interior Department pursues investiga
tions and experiments will bo con
ducted for the purpose of showing
visitors how to utilize commercial pro
ducts of the soil and sub-soil, now re
garded as useless or Impracticable.
The amateur in beauty of construc
tion will be fascinated by the Exposi
tion, because it will show an idealized
colonial city, with no discordant nolo
or jumble of strange styles, nor 'hete
rogeneous themes of architecture.
Large or small, the buildings will rep
resent an era in the world’s architec
ture which was coincident with our
country's early development and stands
as the only distinctive type of Ameri
ca's genius in building.
The citizen interested in his nation’s
position as a world power will be fas
cinated by the military and naval dis
play .made by tho United States in con
nection with the similar showings of
foreign countries. Thousands of sol
diers from our regular army and mi
litia regiments, and thousands of oth
ers from foreign lands, will he en
camped at the Exposition, where on Its
immense parade ground they will
march and maneuver. Hundreds of
the world’s choicest battleships, cruis
ers, monitors, dispatch boats. gun
boats, torpedo boats, destroyers and
sub-marines will lie at anchor before
the Exposition or perform evolutions
on the waters of Hampton Roads.
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.
Examine label on your pa
per. It tells how you stand on
the books. Due from date on
the label. Send in dues and
also renew for the year 1907.
MRS. RUSSELL SAGE
GAVE $25 TO CHARITY
ATLANTA, Jan. 12.—Mrs Russell
Sage, whose husband died some time
ago, leaving her many millions of dol
lars. which she proposes to give to
charity in small amounts. lias sent a
check’for $25 to Secretary Logan of
the Associated Charities of Atlanta.
While the organization did not call
upon Mrs. Sage for aid. the letter in
which the check was enclosed stated
that following the publication in the
papers that Mrs. Sage proposed to dis
pense charity liberally with the for
tune left by her husband, came on an
average eighty letters a nay. These
letters came from individuals, and Mrs.
Sage had to employ a secretary, W.
Frank Persons, of the charity organi
zation society of New York, to look
after this work for her. Among the
deluge of appeals that - came to Mrs.
Sage were quite a number from At
lanta. Tlie secretary investigated these
requests for help and found that while
the applicants were people of moderate
means, none of them were of the class
That Mrs. Sage wanted to help with
her means. She then sent the money
direct to the local association of chari
ties.
COMMISSION MERCHANTS
TO MEET IN SAVANNAH.
PITTSBURG. Pa. Jan 12.—The
fifteenth annual convention of the Nat
ional League of Commission Mer
chants of the United States, which has
been in session in this city for the past
thr£e days, was brought to a close to
night with a banquet following the
election of officers. Savannah, Ga.,
was chosen as the city for the next
convention. These, officers were elect
ed:
President. Cha*. A. Muehlbronner, of
Pittsburg: vice-president, Wilmer
Sieg, Milwaukee: treasurer, A. D. Gail,
his Buffalo. Secretary A. \V. Patch, of
Boston, who has been the secretary of
the organization since its inception,
was re-elected for the sixteenth year of
service.
Honduran Revolt Quelled.
WASHINGTON. Jan. 12—Senor Cal
ve. the Costa Rican minister, has re
ceived a cablegram front President Bo
nilla. of Honduras, dated at Teguci
galpa today, stating that the revolu
tionary disturbance in the country had
been completely quellfed.
INDISTINCT PRINT I