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THE TWICE-A-WEEK TELEGRAPH
FRIDAY, JANUARY 18, 190T.
THE HUH TELEGRAPH
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING
AND TWICE A WEEK BY THE
MACON TELEGRAPH PUBLISH
ING COMPANY. 563 MULBERRY
BfREET, MACON. GA.
C. R. PENDLETON, President
ARCHAEOLOGIC TREASURE
TROVE.
A Otrman scientific expedition led
$»y Dr. von T>»eoq and his assistant,
Mr. Bartus, after seven months of hard
labor. has made a groat find of buried
ancient literature at Turfan calculated.
It is said, to delight the soul of the
antiquarian to the last degree. The
discovery, it Is claimed, marks an
epoch in archaeology, nnd the many
languages that are employed in the
manuscripts Indicates that it must be
the reading room of the Tower of Babel
that the archaeologists have lighted
©n. The New York Tribune says:
The manuscripts found are not
on papyrus, but on paper, leather
and wood, and are, therefore, in
far better condition than most
papyri. There are no fewer than
ten languages, besides a number of
variant dialetee. Home of them
arc Aryan, seme Semitic and some
a combination of the two. Two of
the languages, Central Aslan (Brah
min and Nagari, were hitherto
practically unknown. A third.
Tnngut, haa hitherto been known
only in a few rock Inscriptions in
Tibet. A fourth, which appears to
be related to Syriac, was hitherto
entirely unknown, and its existence
was never before suspected. The
Manlchaean manuscripts found are
writfen In modified Syriac charac
ters, but In the Middle Persian lan
guage, and are said to equal.In vol
ume the entire mass of Middle
Persian writings hitherto known to
exist. Other manuscripts are in
Chinese, Tibetan, Syriac, Ulghur
and the Krtk-Turkish, or Ur-
Turklsh, the primitive Turkish
language, the alphabet of which
bears a curious resemblance to the
undent Norse
This Intensely Interesting discov
ery should throw some light upon
the history of that little known
part of the world between the
Oxus and the Irtish. Readers of
Firdusi will recall various refer
ences to it which indloutr its great
Importance tn the days of Chosroes
and suggest that it was then pre
cisely what these dtecoverles pro
claim it to have been, a meeting
place of many tribes and nations,
the cosmopolls of Asia. There Per
sian, Turk, Mongol and Tartar met
nnd strove, and there was, espe
cially, the point of Impact or of
junction of China at the east. of
Persia at the West and of Htndos-
lan at lhe south. We should also
iesrn something more of Mani and
the great religious system which
he founded or revived, and perhaps
through him also of that still
greater and no less shadowy
pi;ophot, Zoroaster. When we re
call that Manichaean writings were
first discovered and deciphered
only three or four years ago, the
interest of this great find of them
Is evident. The discovery gives
hope that the burled ruins of the
Old World may yet be made to
surrender other treasures, perhaps
entirely unknown and unlooked for,
or. like the lost books of Livy or
the poems of Sappho, known to us
through repute, but long deemed
to have been irretrievably lost to
the modern world.
This will all prove wonderful and
Interesting enough doubtless to the
dry-as-dust antiquarians who are more
concerned with dead and forgotten
languages and literatures than with
current books and affairs, but the av
erage man will only sigh to think how
many fresh and interesting volumes
he at hand unopened because life ts
too short and busy and the making of
books too endless to permit of even a
passing acquaintance with them.
A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE. j
"What is Esperanto?” asks th" North
American Review In the number for
(he first half of January, and the mag
azine enlists Dr. L. L. Zamenhof, of
Warsaw, an auth riry on the subject
presumably, to lei! us about it. Elim
inating the Doctor's preliminary
ecstatic thrills and flourishes at the
mere mention of the magic name, we
note when he calms down to a concrete
statement that he says: "Esperanto is
a neutral language, extraordinarily
ease to learn, the property of no par
ticular nation, but bc-longlng with equal
right to the whole world,” and \ve take
it that it is the revival under another
name of the Volpuk which 'ifiicted
the world some quarter of a ■ tturv
ago. but which, if our impression Is
■ o.-rect, never r< tliy took hold of it.
Rut Esperanto—if wc are to believe
the Doctor, and we really don’t know
any reason why we should not give
him carte blanche to draw against our
stock of credulity—has not only taken
hold of the world but it has gotten its
fangs in so deep on the universal cu
ticle that no cataclysm in nature or
elemental conflict known to experience
can shake it loose. “Go :o one of the
Universal Congresses (which occur an
nually)” he says, and “there you will
of accession, also reminded the States
of the North that the Constitutional
provision for tit'- lelivery up fugi
tive slaves was as binding in law and
in honor as any >uier. and called for
•he repeal of the nullifying enactments.
President Buchanan in his message to
Congress in December, 1*6.•. • om-
plained of the same, or similar, and
even more defiant nullifying enactments
provided by Northern State Legisla
tures.
In each case the protest was useless.
The men of the more powerful North
ern section harkened ir. re and more
to the "higher law" (than the Consii-
the negro to graprle
lions. His illustratio
eism of the Preside:
ilh great ques
was the eriti-
by the negro
. I
ind were not
their crusade until they had not only
freed the slaves but had given them the
ballot and placed them in political au
thority over their former masters.
Later on nature was allowed to assert
itself, cut certain results of this cru
sade. and results that were the least
expected, are still with us.
Calhoun lboked Into .the future with
a tar-seeing eye. but even his prophetic
soul did not dream of what would come
to pass by the time his great-grand
daughter reached woman's estate. He
would scarcely have believed that the
man who appointed a negro as collec
tor of :he port of Charleston, who
see assembled thousands of persons of J preached the opening of the "door of
the most widely divergent nationali
ties. from all quarters of the globe,
conversing with one another admirably,
understanding each other excellently.
Already Esperanto has a. fairly large
literature,” he tells us. "More than
thirty different journals are puhiished
in that language; many thousands of
persons all over the world correspond
and converse by means of it. Tn almost
every city of Europe, as well as in
other parts of the world, Esperanto
clubs have been established.” Then
“not only is Esperanto a neutral lan
guage, but it is also musical, flexible,
rich and wonderfully easy. In a few
weeks, at the most, every one is able
to master it completely and to speak it
fluently.” Finally. "Esperanto hopes
to become merely the uniting interna-
i tional language in those regions where
various tongues are struggling for su
premacy, or where one nationality is
trying to force its iangnage upon an
other. Esperanto will never disturb
the inner life of nations, tt will never
aim to-force Itself upon those who do
not need it, for Esperanto Is, and will
always remain, the language of free
dom. neutrality and International jus
tice.”
Glorious Esperanto! And it is of
fered to Americans by the Doctor, who
we suspect, although it is not stated,
to be its author and creator, without
money and without price. He mag
nanimously exclaims:
Oh, Americans, this language,
whose ideal is the future union of
mankind, we band on to you in the
name of freedom, peace nnd jus
tice, for which the forefathers of
most of you suffered so much.
Thanks awfully. But our recent
unfortunate venture into “simplified”
spelling does not encourage us In the
Impulse to hastily embrace Esperanto,
which Is but another name for "slm-
pltfled” language.
“BAND BOX 80LDIERS.”
During the debate in the Senate
Monday on the President’s power to
dismiss riotous soldiers. Senator Bacon
had the precedent for the President’s
action established by Governor Till
man himself in the "Darlington Whis
ky War,” as quoted in an editorial In
NOT VERY POLITIC.
There Is a Roosevelt third-term "na
tional” league in Chicago and already
it is distributing "literature” and ar
guing the matter with a strenuosity
worthy of Its hero in his best days.
We are assured on the authority of
a person whose name Is quite new to
us that: "Wall street has agreed that
President Roosevelt has be nominated
by acclamation for the third term.
This is the opinion I have formed after
hearing expressions from some of the
leading financiers of the country, and
who two years ago were saying some
hard things about the President. They
seem to have changed their minds now,
and are anxious that Mr. Roosevelt be
the next President on account of his
foresight. I believe that the financial
safe man.
hope” and the granting of "a square
deal”—that this man, although re
garded as the most popular of all the
Presidents, should nbw be virtually on
trial because he has offended 'the ne
groes who hold the balance of power
in the Republican party, his offense
consisting in an effort to protect so
ciety in the only way possible from
rioters and murderers wearing the uni
form of United Sta'tfs soldiers!
Nor did it occur to Calhoun, per
haps, that owing to his genius and
fame his great-granddaughter would
occupy an enviable social position
which would not otherwise be hers.
Even after hundreds of years there is
a noble family in France that owes its
position to the fact of descent from the
peasant brother of the heroine and
martyr, Jeanne d’Arc. The leaders and
the heroes among men make a place
not only for themselves but those of
their blood who come after them.
This is the old fashion—this social
dominance of families founded by the
great. The new fashion provides for
the social dominance of ' people who
have made millions packing pork and
who get divorces as often as they , run
over, pedestrians with their automo
biles. The old fashion, though it may
not in all respects be quite "American,”
is more to the taste of conservative
and thoughtful men.
mass .meeting at Boston.
"The President of the United States,
of 11 Presidents who have sat in that j
chair -ince the- ci jsc of :'ae civil war,”
he said, "has manifested more plainly
and decidedly a Jis: c sit ion to lift up
and encourage the colored race by ele- !
v .ting them on all occasions when he !
J could to positions of honor and trust
under the. Government.”
A negro he said, held the most lu- !
: err.tive Federal office in Florida, as '
' collector of internal revenue; the col
lector of customs at Savannah, Ga.,
was i: negro, and the collector of in- j
ternal revenue of the State of Georgia
was a negro, and every one knew the
light which the Senate had made !
against Dr. Crum, a negro, made col- .
lector of the port at Charleston. S. C.
| "But," added Mr. Mallory, "the pa-
: trlots of Boston, who probably are the
best representatives of the colored race
in this country, the most enlightened
, and highly educated, allow themselves
i to be carried away by the passion of
■ the moment, unable to look fairly and
squarely at a proposition which should
| be judged justly and honestly, forget j
that they are under great obligations !
; to the President, and send forth a de- j
: nunciation of the best friend they have j
! ever had in that office. They will al- j
j low passion to get the better of their 1
| judgment on almost all occasions.”
! It may be fairly doubted if it was so
i much a matter of passion as it was
i the cropping out of'this peculiar negro
! trait which has been referred to. While
! President Roosevelt had dealt with
the negro soldiers on their own re-
] sponsibiliitv as individuals and equals
: and had disciplined them for conduct
: fatal to them as a military body. Sena
tor Tillmah in capriciously opposing
the President's course, abused the ne
groes without stint and indiscriml-
! nately as a race nnd won their favor
j and applause. In effecting this result
; it must be accorded to Senator Till-
! man that, however cantankerous and
| hurtful his course in this matter is. he
has demonstrated the truth of his
claim ito understand the negro charac
ter better than President Roosevelt—
to the negro's everlasting undoing.
Booker T. Washington, who Is not
all negro, and who thoroughly under
stands this defect in the race charac
ter, advised the negroes against mak
ing this fatal blunder and exhibition
of themselves, but there* is no power
to correct a race’s limitations by point
ing them out. The race concerned
can’t even see them.
some $100,000, only $29,000 more
than the Hannah Ellas assessment,
while Oliver H. P. Belmont, having
no subway to give the wolf access
to his door, has to pay on $200,000.
According to these published
figures. J. Pierpont Morgan, the
thundcrer of high finance, has
backed with $400,000 his bull raid
of art treasures of ail Europe. D.
Willis James, who is not known
ever to have morganeered a con-
rinent, is assessed for the same
sum. which happens to be twice
the allotment falling to Jacob H.
Schiff and four times :hat of Jas.
Stillman. But Mr. Stillman’s doc
tors' bills have probably been very
heavy of late.
The Rev. Dr. Morgan Dlx at $S0,-
000 is $5,000 beUer than John E.
Parsons, of 'the Sugar Trust. Maj.
Richard T. Wilson invites compas
sion in the $50,000 class. And how
in the world does Charles G. Gates
muster nerve to “bet a million’’
when $50,000 is his acknowledged I
equipment, and father’s is only j
$250,000? ;
Front this it would appear that while i
Mr. Carnegie is industriously seeking
channels ithrough which to distribute
some part of his many millions before ;
he dies, he does not care to divert any j
considerable portion of it to the pur
pose of tax-paying, and Mr. Rockefel
ler has a great many more millions to
give away to colleges than he has to
pay taxes on.
NEGRO TRAIT
The ^substantiality
and fame commented
LLUSTRATED.
of
popularity
by Lord
Mansfield more ithan a century ago and
by many another since was perhaps
never more absurdly illustrated than it
is by one phase of the Brownsville de
bate in Washington. It is recorded as
a fact that the galleries in the Senate
chamber, chiefly decupled by negroes,
were with Tillman, the professional
negro-batter, without reserve in his
attack on President Roosevelt, the man,
who has done more and gone farther
in his zeal for uplifting the negro,
however mistaken it may be, than any
other of his day and time. And right
here. It may be noted, there, is a psy
chological itrait of the negro character
Involved which Tillman, in common
with Southerners generally, appreciate,
and which Is what he has reference to
when he says President Roosevelt does
not understand the negro character.
It is a matter of somewhat common
observation in the Sou'th that better
results are obtained from the negro by
ill-treatment and abuse, pretended if
not real, than by much kindness and
consideration. There was more in the
old prevalent Southern habit of “cuss
ing” at a negro, tthat has been often
noted, than the mere inclination to ap
pear rough and profane. The average
The Telegraph the other day. put in
the record. Senator Tillman’s reply to i ,nterests regard him as
this point blank stultification of his ! ,hat ho should be placed in the great
present position demonstrates the fu- ! off,ce ' and they are going to do their | r ' egr0 worships the big, bluff.
utmost to persuade him that it Is his j blusterous fellow who greets him with
patriotic duty to accept the nomina- I a hearty curse, who never addresses
tl 0n ,” | him except as “nigger” and who will
In these trust-busting times, in these j P er haps toss him a coin'on occasion
tillty of regarding him seriously In this
matter. He Justified his action in
“dismissing without honor” a. high-
•jforited company of South Carolina
volunteer troops, who chose to resign
rather than perform acts of espionage
under bis orders, by the explanation
that they were “ band box soldiers.’
who wanted their uniforms and brass
buttons to help them with the girls.”
Ergo, by Mr. Tillman's logic, they were
not entitled to equal legal rights with
the “lawless, brutal, murderous gang
of cut-throats,” as he terms them, who
“shot up” Brownsville.
In history, romance and song men
have alwaysj»een inspired to the high
est feats of valor and chivalry by the j
motive of winning woman's approval.
It is an inspiration that not only in
cites, and has always incited to great
Seeds, but It is one that most surely
keeps clean the souls of men from sor
did, mean and bestial deeds. Whether
It be put in Tillman's homely phrase of
“helping them with the girls.” or ex
pressed in the exaggerated language of
Cervantes' inspired lunatic, the Knight
of La Mancha, the desire of pleasing
woman will ever be the highest merely
earthly Incentive of man. Such as are
inspired by less elevated motives may
be qualified to appreciate the prece
dence given the negro assassins of
Brownsville, in Senator Tillman's view,
over the “band box” soldiers of South
Carolina.
days of denunciation of the “yellow
rich." it does not strike us as very
politic to stamp a third-term Roose
velt or a third-term anybody else with
the approval of "Wan street." Nor
does it look as if Mr. Roosevelt enjoys
that approval in any very bountiful
measure, if we are to Judge from the
recent acid utterances of certain New
York newspapers.
With all due respect to the mighty
power centered in Wall street, we ven
ture to express the opinion that under
present conditions the third-term
boomers would make more hay by de
scribing CMr. Roosevelt as a champion
of “the people” than as a favorite of
“high financiers.”
Guggenheim has entered the United
States Senate. What's in a name?
The concensus of opinion agrees that
It is not that Tillman loves the negro
leas, bat he hates Roosevelt more.
CALHOUN AND THE NEW FASH
IONS.
A great-granddaughter of John C.
Calhoun was introduced into Charles
ton society last week, the affair being j
the most brilliant of its kind, according j
to the dispatches, that the oid city has j
seen for years, “a great throng retire- j
sentatlve of the distinguished families j
of Charleston and the old South” filling '
i
lhe home of the debutante's parents.
Fifty-seven years have passed since ,
Calhoun made his las* speech in the ,
Senate, a speech reproaching the j
Northern States for their enactments i
repudiating the Constitutional provis- !
ion for the return of fugitive slaves,
and predicting a disruption of the
Union should they fall tb do this act
of justice. Three days later Daniel
Webster, while disapproving the threat
more as a salve to his own conscience
than in conciliation of the negro. But
let some misguided, unfortunate wh’te
man come along and call him “Mister”
Johnson, Brown, or what-not, and oth
erwise undertake to treat him as an
equal, and immediately he creates a
cold, reserved and suspicious “coon,”
who if he affiliates with him at all will
quickly become impudent and take lib
erties that canned be endured. So well
understood is this trait tn the South
that it may be reduced as an axiomatic
sentiment among negroes that a white
man who is no better than a negro is
not as good as a negro. To return to
the Washington illustration of this
trait, the Post of tha't city, describing
the scene, says:
The most curious thing about
the Brownsville debate was the
evident approval of Senator Till
man on the part of the negro por
tion of the Senate’s audience. Mr.
Tillman is known throughout the
length and breadth of the country
as a negro hater—or "nigger." as
he puts it—and he has never hesi
tated to say thah <he black race
must be kept in virtual subjection
to the whites. But his declaration
that the negro soldiers of the
Twenty-fifth Infantry were dis
charged from the army in violation
of law has pleased the colored peo
ple of Washington, at '.east to a de
gree that has made the pitchfork
statesman one of their heroes.
And Senator Mallory, of Florida, sup
porting the President in the discharge
of the murderous body of negro troops,
"digressed to call attention no what he
regarded as the best illustration that
could be given of the incompetency of
THE SERVICE PENSION BILL.
The service pension bill passed by
the Senate last week has at least one
merit. It legalizes the service pension
order of President Roosevelt which
has been in force about three years,
we believe, and helped materially to
ward bringing out the great vote -that
was polled for the unusually popular
Presidential candidate of 1904.
It also has the merit of including
survivors of the Mexican war as well
as the survivors of the Union side of
the war of 1861-5. This will benefit a
few elderly Southerners. Probably
more Southerners than Northerners
will profit by this Mexican war pro
vision, as there were more of the for
mer than of the latter engaged in that
war.
After some discussion the words in
the bill, “War of the Rebellion,” were
changed to “Civil War.” Senators Ba
con, Money and Patterson contended
that it was a “War B'etween the
States,” but so large a concession was
not to be expected. “Civil War” is not
an accurate term, but it is more accu
rate and more desirable than “Rebel
lion.”
The bill grants a pension of $12 a
month to survivors of the Civil and
Mexican wars who have reached the
age of 62, $15 to those who are 70
: years of age, and $20 to those who are
j 75 or over. I't is estimated that if the
! bill becomes a law it will increase the !
| pension expenditure of the country to
: the extent of about $6,000,000 annually,
! while the commissioner of pensions
] thinks that the Increase will be be-
i tween $10,000,000 and $15,000,000 a year,
j How much has already been added
j to "he annual pension expenditure by
the service pension arrangement put in
! force by Executive order is not stated.
IS THAT ANY REASON?
To show that ':he President was him
self “responsible” for the outrages
committed by negro soldiers. Senator
Tillman quoted as follows from an ut
terance of the President a year ago:
“The uniform of the enlisted
man is a badge of honor. It entitles
him to peculiar consideration—It
shows that in the great majority of
eases he has learned those habits
of self-command, of self-rer.tralnt,
of obedience and of fearlessness in
■the face of danger, which put him
above most of hi? fellows who have
not possessed similar privileges.
To strive to discriminate against
him in any way is literally an in
famy: for it is in reality one of the
most serious offenses which can be
committed against the stability and
greatness of our nation.”
Let it be granted that the President
has done harm by this and other utter
ances. Is that any reason why he
should not make an effort to undo the
mischief, or why he should not receive
the supp’ort of the country, including
even ‘that of Tillman himself?
The Telegraph has ho special ad
miration for Senator Spooner, but we
exftend to him our distinguished con
sideration for the few straight jolts
and jabs from the shoulder that sepa
rated Tillman from his wind in the
Senate Tuesday and called for the
count over that worthy's prostralte
form. The South is under obligation
to the Wisconsin Senator for defending
her from Tillman’s reckless misrepre
sentation.
NEW YORK’S RICH ON TAX LIST.
| What principle is it in human na-
j ture that prompts the family univer
sally to dodge an obligation or debt
even when the natural'disposition may
lie generous to a fault. Many a mar.
has been known, both in every one’s
experience and in history, who would
give away his last cent, but who would
: not pay a simple debt without compul
sion. Tills singularity Is more fre-
I quently illustrated in tax-dodging than
j anything else, and nowhere so strongly
j apparently as In New York. with
its hundreds of intensely wealthy men.
Notwithstanding this generally ac-
cepted fact the personal tax list for
1207 reveals a "pitiful state of poverty”
among the supposedly rich people in
1 New York. Analyzing this list in
some measure -the World says:
It appears that the- city has only
five real millionaires to its name,
so far as personal property is con
cerned. Mr. Carnegie standing at
the head with $3,000,000 and being
followed in order of assessment by
John D. Rockefeller ($2,'500.000).
Mrs. Russei! Sage < $2,000,000),
Alice G. Vanderbilt and William K.
Vanderbilt ($1,000,000 each).
William Rockefeller's meagre
portion is $350,000. and H. H. Rog
ers’ is $30,000 less, showing that
Standard Oii is a gay deceiver ever
and plays favorites unblushingly.
August; Belmont clings to a ione-
HYPOCRISY.
John D.. jr.; preached on hypocrisy
to the Bible class of Fifth Avenue
Baptist church, New York, last Sun
day. He said he did not regard hy
pocrisy as the worst of sins, and illus
trated as follows:
“It is frequently the case that
men refuse to join the church, giv
ing as their excuse that there are
others in it who are not what they
should be. They say that they are
not good enough, and put off join
ing a ch-urch. I think the man in
the church who makes his mis
takes and his falls from righteous
ness, but who stays in the church
and keeps on trying to do better, is
better off than the man who stays
outside of the church. Of course
every high-minded man looks down
on a hypocrite, but I do not know
that hypocrisy is the worst of
sins.”
No, It Is not the worst. It is not as
bad as murder, for example; and yet
it is possible to conceive of a man
who, in a fit of sudden, engulfing pas
sion, strikes' down another, who then
bitterly repents, and who both before
and after the deed is a better man at
heart than the wolf that deliberately
wears sheep’s clothing for the sake of
furthering selfish and evil purposes.
According to the New York Times’
report, in the regular Sunday bulletin
issued by the church, of which the
Rockefellers, father and son, are mem
bers, the following appeal appeared
on the same day that ’the discourse on
hypocrisy was delivered:
Will some friend interested in
our Armitage Sunday school pri
mary class contribute a small fold
ing bed or cot, with mattress, for
the use of one of our loyal little
pupils, who comes every Sunday
from One Hundred and Thirty-
fourth street? The child, almost
an invalid from heart trouble—is
obliged to sleep across a bed with
her mother and little sister. Mrs.
Coles or Mr. Hillyer will be glad
to receive the money necessary for
the bed. which means comfort and
a greater degree of health to the
little one.
Surely this youngest and frailest at
tendant at Mr. Roockefeiler's Sunday
school will not be permitted longer to
lack for a bed to sleep on.
GOV. D. C. HEYWARD’S FORBEARS.
The following highly pertinent
remarks are taken from the es
teemed Aiken Recorder: “Gover
nor Heyward will go out of office
tomorrow. During the four years
of his incumbency he has made one
of the best Governors South Caro
lina has ever had. Although a
member of a family always of so
cial distinction and wealth, he is
the only one of his name who has
ever sought or held office in this
State. He not only broke his own
family record, but restored the
high Gubernatorial standard for
which South Carolina was conspic
uous previous to 1890. It can be
truly said of Governor Hayward
that ho is too good a man to leave
politics. There is need for such
men.”—Charleston News and Cour
ier.
The early history of South Carolina
will refute the statement that Governor
Duncan Clinch Heyward “is the only
one of his name” who has "ever held
office in this State” (South Carolina),
as his middle and maternal name,
"Clinch,” will indicate his descent from
a family of public service and distinc- j
tlon in Georgia. The Heywards of
South Carolina were originally English
officers in the King's service, if our
impression is correct, long before the
Revolutionary period. When the colo
nies revolted Thomas Heyward, jr.,
was sent as a member of Congress
from South Carolina and was one of ;
the four members from that State who
signed the Declaration of Independence.
He was the captain of one of the first |
military companies raised in Charles- j
ton for service in the war waged to |
make good the claims of the declara
tion, and he was known by the title j
of Judge Heyward after the independ- j
ence of the States was finally estab- !
fished. . Governor D. C. Heyward is a
direct descendant of Nathaniel Hey
ward. who was a half brother of
Thomas Heyward, jr. But he pecu
liarly prides himself on his descent,
through his mother's side of his house,
from Gen. Duncan L. Clinch, of Geor
gia. who distinguished himself in the I
war with the Seminole Indians in Flor- |
ida, and was a member of Congress !
from this Statfe in 1S43-45.
"Wonder is expressed that Governor j
Heyward, who has Just retired from j
the office after a brilliant and eminent- |
ly sane administration of two terms,
should have so distinguished himself,
in view of the fact that previous to his
election as Governor he had been sim
ply a young rice planter, without pre
tension to public service or training.
And to emphasize this phenomena, as
it were, the point is made that his
heredity was without such bias or pre
disposition. This point is effectually
disposed of, we think, by the showing
that Governor Heyward’s ancestors
were habituated to military service and
command as far back as anterior to
the Revolution.
But a circumstance that is lost sight
of is that life on the large Southern
plantations “before the war,” to which
Governor Heyward’s people were hab
ituated, was in itself a training in the
government and administration of af
fairs on a scale sufficient to acquire
the principles involved. To this school
of command is attributed the appar
ently spontaneous rise of so many nat
ural born leaders on the Southern side
in the “War Between the States.” It is
marveled at that Wade Hampton, for
instance, should have developed so
quickly into a great cavalry leader,
without previous military training or
any experience except that obtained in
the free outdoor life on a Southern
plantation. Yet It was doubtless due
to this very experience and manner of
fife that he fell naturally into the po
sition of a commander of cavalry. In
stances of a kindred nature might be
multiplied indefinitely.
President Roosevelt is not in the habit
of acting hastily and without sufficient
forethought, it is quite true that he
is too apt to act first and reflect after
ward. But wo submit that in this mat
ter he followed the only course that
was open to him. and in view of the
issues at stake, he should receive the
country's support. Even granting that
two, or a dozen, or fifty, of the negro
soldiers were absolutely guiltless in
every respect—which is granting more
than anybody should ask—it is better
that, these be dropped from the army
than that nothing be done and the
President be defeated by a “conspiracy
of silence,” the service he demoralized,
and innocent citizens be left exposed
to the insolent brutalities of a band
of ruffians who have dishonored the
uniform of United • States soldiers.
That is all.
UNFAIR CRITICISM.
•Commenting on the President’s last
message on the Brownsville affair, the
New York Times says:
“ . . . Murder was done,
and other murders attempted, and
the acts committed by the men en
gaged in the foray were so out
rageous that no penalty short of
hanging or long terms of imprison
ment would be considered ade
quate. If the President had put
the three companies under deten
tion, if he had begun a rigorous
inquiry, prolonged for months, if
necessary, opening up every dis
coverable source of evidence and
neglecting no means of getting at
the truth In order that the riotous
spirit and murderous acts of the
soldiers might be duly punished,
the country would have said that
he had gone about the task in the
right way. By his hasty dismissal
of all the soldiers of the three
companies he made a searching
investigation impossible an'
cheated justice by the infliction of
a miserably insufficient penalty
upon the guilty. That was the
President’s worst mistake, and that
it was a mistake he is not yet
ready to admit.”
This Is as fair and as pointed as
any of the criticisms of the President’s
course. It is a repetition of the fa
miliar argument: the punishment
meted out by the President was wholly
inadequate as far as the guilty ones
were concerned, but at the same time
outrageously unjust to “the innocent,”
or those who took no part in the
shooting.
But Is not a wholly inadequate pun
ishment of the guilty better than no
punishment at all? Was it not neces
sary to take, positive action (even if
the detection of the guilty was impos
sible) for the sake of discipline in the
army and for the protection of so
ciety? This is a point that the critics
never mention. They content them
selves with insisting that the President
should have detected the guilty and
then punished them alone. TJiey re
fuse to credit the War Department
with the serious and prolonged efforts
that were made to detect the guilty.
Brownsville was “shot up” in August,
the negro troops were dismissed in No
vember, and the efforts to break down
the "conspiracy of silence” were de
scribed in Secretary Taft’s report.
As for the “innocent,” not one of
the whole battalion may be correctly
so described. The great majority were,
inocent of the shooting, but in the
end all were guilty of the "conspiracy
of silence.” It is safe to conclude that
there was not one who could not have
told more than he consented to tell,
for there was time for the story to
spread to every member of the bat
talion before any investigation was
made. Considering all that is at stake,
it may be said that the so-called “in
nocent” fully deserve the punishment
they have received and that, although
the "guilty” deserve hanging, it is bet
ter merely to cast them out of the
army than not to punish them at all.
The Telegraph is the last newspaper
in the United States to contend that 1
AN OBSERVER FROM SOUTH
AFRICA.
Mr. Pickstone, an Englishman from
Capetown, South Africa, is visiting the
Southern States and has been inter
viewed in Atlanta in regard to his mis
sion to this section to study the negro
question and the relations of the two
races. He states that the white peo
ple of South Africa are much dis
turbed over the race question there,
and that lie is in the South to find out
how it is that tho two races have got
along so well and so prosperously.
From what he lias already Darned
and observed of American negroes,
Mr. Pickstone is convinced, lie says,
that there is no material difference be-'
tween them and the barbarous natives
of. South Africa. Having lived as a
farmer for fifteen years In Cape Col
ony. he should be well informed, but
ho doubtless means that our negroes
have the same instincts rather than
that they as a whole occupy tho same
low level of civilization as tho Kaffirs.
He would surely admit that the in
dustrial school of American slavery
lifted the African savage to a higher
piano. The Southern negroes of 1S60,
to say nothing of the Southern negroes
of 1900, were farther along in the
scale of evolution than the savages
which the slave traders of New Eng
land landed naked on our shores.
From what we read of tho condition
of the natives in the British colonies
of South Africa, It would appear that
the condition of Southern negro farm
ers and tenant farriers is vastly better.
The latter have freer and superior op
portunities for bettering their condi
tion. Air. Pickstone will probably find
that this, and a tolerant kindliness to
ward negroes who work on the part of
the better element of the Southern
whites, accounts for the fact that the
two races on the whole "get along so
well,” in spite of the inevitable difficul
ties of an abnormal situation.
On Friday of last week Senator
Daniel, the old man eloquent, of Vir
ginia, made a logical Constitutional ar
gument on the power of the President
under the Articles of War to discharge
soldiers and neither the press or tile
public paid any but the briefest atten
tion to it. Saturday Senator Tillman
made an incoherent speech, supposed
to be addressed to the same question,
in which he referred to some patent
and disagreeable truths, which served
no useful purpose to stir up. and tho
public and the press have been talking
of little else since. How do you ac
count for it?
We observe that the Associated
Press persists in referring to It as the
“Brownsville affray,” and many of our
Southern contemporaries are following
the news agency's lead. The legal and
popular interpretation of an “affray” is
mutual fighting on the part of two or
more persons. In the absence of any
evidence or allegation of offensive ac
tion on the part of the Brownsville
people on the night that they were
shot into, we submit that this is an
unwarranted reflection on them.
The St. James Gazette (London),
discussing the spectacle the Senator
from South Carolina has made of him
self, suggests the need of a padded cell
for the Tillmans of this world, and.
adds: “We know very well what it is
to suffer from that verbal hemorrhage
of demagogues for which no styptic
can apparently be found, and we have
seen damage that is done by their
frothy violence. But America once”
more seems in a fair way to lick crea
tion even in this respect.”
Mrs. Potter Palmer, of Chicago,
threw open her home in an effort to
bring the millionaires and the work
ingmen together. If a combination be
tween these two autocratic elements
should be consummated it will be the
finishing blow to the common people
who are already making a losing fight
in the struggle to live.
Ulr. Foraker claims that the negro
shooters cannot get a. hearing. Well,
the country is listening to hear what
he has to say for them. Why doesn't
he say it?
“Doubtless the race question Is one
that the South must settle, but Till
man and Vardaman and Jeff Davis do
not represent the bes‘ Southern senti
ment on the subject,” wisely observes
the Philadelphia Record.
Mrs. Russell Sage has given "Simple
Life” calendars to 1.500 sailors in the
United States navy. Thus does “Uncle”
Russ' widow lavish his hard-earned
dollars in charity. ,
We don’t hear so much about dena
tured alcohol since it became an ac
complished fact. Any hitch in th©
process ?
INDISTINCT PRINT