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THE TWICE-A -WEEK TELEGRAPH ; i :-h i : i ; m m i h-m-i-i-i i i i i i u -i ++ DARK MEMORIES OF f OLD ANDERSONVILLE | " *j* By JAMES CALLAWAY. $ ; H--HW I I I 11 i his Civil His- 1 or.tr? was the result of that "fatal • States savs: I gift”—offered in the interest, too, of r.gular Illustra- I humanity—to save life, f th.- do® • r of Seeing these err.acieted prisoners on their return, the Xorth cried out for vengeance, and vengeance was theirs. Deep was the revenge they took! From the day of our humanity gift, the “re- houl- | taliatlon measures" produced a shock- the ing death rate. | The death rate at Camp Douglass, Illinois, was in.8; at Alton. III.. 20.9: Camp Battle, Illinois. 19.6; Rock Bland. Ill.. 77.4: Elmira. X. Y., 32.5. At John son’s Island It was awful. A prisoner would hunt all day for a rat. and would feign sickness to get a dose of castor oil, and during the day would let a drop of the oil fall on a piece of bread to prevent starvation. What a fatal gift to us was that 13 000 who sired to alleviate the miseries they lacked the power to cure, waiving every point disputed by the Xorth." At Anierionville the food issued to Confederates was. largely, unbolted corn meal, cow peas, sour cane syrup, a little flour and such beef as could be purchased. But there was no discrim ination as to rations. The prisoners got what was issued to Confederates, death rate at Andersonville wa: President Davis, bearing secret dis patches to Mason and Slidell. In Jan uary. ISO!, he was assigned to duty at Andersonville. Alexander H. Stephens says in his war history that ' The men at the head of affairs at Washington are responsi ble for all the prison sufferings in the South.’’ . . "'All the Sufferings and 1 .ss of life during the entire war rowing out of these imprisonments or the five restaurant keepers. J. H. & T. M. Benner. John Crawford, Albert UHman, J. M. Y/4 Christian and John Valentino, only the Benner boys, and Henry, and Albert Hitman, all of them retired, are living. There were seventeen saloon keepers, and unless Penny Havens is still liv ing In Indianapolis, none of them are now living. 22. inclusive. There were four ba'iots who may be inaugurated Governor in on the opening day. On the first KiHot , the "open-air." Something of a colnci- the vote stood: For Cobb. t03: Win- j deiice. throp. 96: "Wilmot, S: Gentry. 6, and ] several scattering. Toombs and Step- ' The discussion now going on about hens voted for Gentry. A majority vote 1 the extension of the State road from per cent, and our men were like- both sides are justly chargeable to but to the >m the gull In the fact >n has -lipped from th rvert, to transfer innocent, reproach ! CapL Winder, for the meagre provf one side, and that is the Federal side. | There were seven tailors, none of them Had Mr. Davis’ repeated offers been : now " living. These were John L. accepted, no prisoner on either side . Shea. Hugo Schlass, Charics H. Baird, would have been confined in prison.” • "d* Dowenthal. Jacob Miller, F. Warlike Mr. Stephens further says: "To avert I and Jeft ’ Long. The only tannery was wise stricken with diarrhoea 'the cause of the greatest number of deaths. CapL Wirz, to whom a .monument will be erected, had deep sympathy for the prisoners, and sometimes had hot ... |||_. words with Gen. Winder and his soh. the indignation which the open avowal 1 run Jacob Schall. rovision i of the policy not to exchange prisoners : * * * pr.-on stlon f> hav- er the Hum or policy. The for the prisoners’ comfort. They a! ways replied that they were doing the best they could. But to the writer it was always que^r that parole was not permitted to their own prisoners, and queerer still that medicines were refused, along with surgeons and hospital sup plies, so persistently pleaded for by Maj. Ouid and the Confederate author ities. ered Ander State he war wages P. objects to time spiked the h ealumnie- and ilnst the South of Federal pris on us vet. The a monument to Andersonville and Capt. Wirz are In the public eye at this time, because the ■eleased to go home! We sought j Georgia Division TJ. D. C. have under- for Federal prisoners: relief was 1 taken to erect a monument to CapL ct. tc pin in 1 for Union, and ft Is superintendent Hon. Alfred Id, III., should I aiding the ivas a gen- i a "more DUS* that public ln- ayliss,. of le a pam- >uth up to tity Profr: -or Bayllss uses his pamphlet In his public schools. Hence, we should study the prison history of the South, and when Investigated the fact Is re vealed that the South’s efforts to re lease and relieve the prisoners stand forth like high monuments, as testi mony to her magnanimity, her gene rosity, her unceasing huamnity. Lei us look Into the prison history of the Confederacy. On July 22. 1S62 adopted. All prlsone leased in ten days a very day aft the cartel was were *o be re- ■r capture. The srtel of exchange refused ours. The Ingratitude of the Xorth for that gift of sick men. Death- pr iduclng retaliatory measures put upon our men—because the 13.000 ema ciated did not look like strong, well men. Thstt fatal gift! John I. Van Allen, of "Watkins, Schuyler County. X. Y.. acting for the people of 'Baltimore, visited Elmira prison for the purpose of distributing blankets, clothing medicines, etc. He found our prisoners nearly naked. The commander stated that he could not allow any relief as the War Depart ment rendered him helpless. The War Department was telegraphed to for the poor privilege of alleviating the con dition of the prisoners. Mr. Van Al len In his letter to the good samarjtans of Baltimore, says: "The hrutal Stan ton was inexorable, and refused all en treaties.” A Uhlted States medical officer, on duty at Elmira, writing to the New York World, tells a sad story of con dition-. and among other things said: "Smallpox cases were crowded in such a manner that it was an impossibility j Wirz, against which the Grand Army j of the, Republic has taken action and | appealed to Gen. S. D. Lee to pre- j vent it. ‘ "Xot even a Christian burial of the j remains of Capt. Wirz has been al- I lowed by Stanton—They still lie side ; by side with those of another and ac- ' knowledged victim of the milftary commission, the unfortunate Mrs. Sur- , ratt.ln the yard of the former jail of i this city.” So wrote Louis Shade, at- l torney for \Virtz, in 1S67. Capt. Wirz was a physician by pro fession, and was born in Zurich. Switz erland. in 1822. He emigrated to America in 1849. He served as a pri vate in the battles of Manassas and Bull Run. where he was severely wounded in the arm. He was appointed inspectin'- officer of the Southern pris ons. He was sent to Europe by would have excited throughout the Xorth and throughout the civilized world, the false cry of cruelty towards prisoners was raised against the Con federates. This was but a pretext to cover up their own violation of the usages of war in this respect among | civilized nations.” There were eight warehouses, none of them being in existence today. These were Anderson. Timberlnke & Co., Adams & Bazemore. English & Hugue- nin. Campbell & Jones. Flanders Broth ers, Thomas Hardeman, O. G. Sparks & Son, and B. L. Willingham. Of these only Capt. I. 'B. English. Col. Again Mr. Stephens declares in his I E. D. Huguenln and Charles E. Carap- “War Between the'States." "'The ef- j bell are living. Of the eight dealers forts which have been so industriously j ln , matches and jewelry, only three, ! Congress, made to fix the odium of crueltv and | " • T. Johnson. Heivnan Spahr and Speaker, barbarity upon Mr. Davis and 'other I *&>»» p °\! ock " tho lat '. er ,£ oIo ''°, d ’ aro I high officials under the Confederate | T J he f, e ''J? re J 5 • T- Johnson. Government in the matter of prisoners. [ * - Tlzzell. W mg & Solomon. Ker in the face of all the facts, constitute I I 1111 " Saa! lT- _ Jai _ lus H ." -9 tto ’ j?’„ one of the boldest and baldett attemped I T.ane, E. Peschke and Moses Pollocj was necessary to elect. Winthrop had been Speaker of the preceding Con gress. and was a Whig, but in his con test with Cobb. Stephens and Toontbs would not support him because of the favor that the northern Whigs were showing toward certain aggressive movements for the abolition of slavery. "Winthrop was from Massachusetts, and a very prominent man. He was ap pointed to succeed Webster in the Sen ate. when chat -great statesman re signed. Cobb was elected Speaker on the twentieth day after tho commence ment of the balloting, under a resolu tion of the House, making on this occa sion. a mere plurality of votes suffi cient to elect. In a letter tp his brother j to Prof. Linton, Aleck stated, that he would not serve on the comittees to which he had been appointed by Speaker Cobb. Mr. Cobb was only thirty-four years old ,’hen he was chosen to preside over He made an admirable Lane, outrages upon the truth of history I iT?.® J vl wle=nle dealers i n "! n ?f change was made in the mode of reck- j which has ever been essayed." : -J?°L"" { oning the Congressional and political [ Jefferson Davis, writing from Beau- ' *V." Johnson, ■A. fc.. year, which" then began at midnight on voir December 10, 18S8, said: “In the i yugratj^^e 1 March 3. but was changed to begin at Here is a very interesting fact. In Johnston's life of Stephens appears this passage: “During the Speakership of Mr. Cobb, at Mr. Stophens’suggestion, a matter of prisoners throughout the war. the Confederacy did less than it would, but the best it could: and in return received the worst which could be meted out to it.” The English Government appropri ated $20,000,000 to rebuild the B'oer homes destroyed by il= armies, but no homes. were ever rebuilt in the South. Gen. Lee died “a prisoner on parole." The Xorth should pension all Confederate widows, whose husbands died victims to Stanton's policy of non exchange, .for the Xorth refused ex change and allowed no aid. no relief. The odium of this prison business is not ours: the reproach belongs to tho Xorth. July 23. lowed his 1362. B signed Maj.-Cen. John t J ope, on f° r the - surgeon to treat his patients! | Individually. They actually lay so ad- j ; jacent that the simple movement of one of them would cause his neighbor to . cry out in agony of pain." Concludin i his letter, the medical officer I "And hundreds of sick who could i wise obtain medical aid. died ‘un- I knelled, uncofflned and unknown.’” Yet the death rate at Elmira was small compared to Rock Island, HI. Rock Island has a history within it self. Xo space now for it. Jefferson Davis. Abraham Lincoln and Robert E. Lee are connected with Its history. Being far removed. Isolated and very ecure. it- was chosen as a military ■d orders that al- nhoot as spies and ns enemle* of the United States Gov ernment nil Virginia farmers who were found tilling tho soli or sowing grain or cultivating crops on farms within hfs rear, and even Inside his lines. Hundreds were shot down in the field before the Confederate Government could arrest such conduct and get Pope's order rescinded. America, in later "years, became Incensed even to making war on Spain beenuse Gen. Weyler Issued similar orders in Cuha. Did Weyler take his cue from Gen. Pope, that Illustrious example that so pleased Weyler that he ordered his own walk along the same path? By persistent effort of our commis sioner. the cartel lasted one year. The Confederacy, seeing the emaciated con dition of such prisoners • as had re- By BRIDGES SMITH. • ur [oil r i uding I 1 ! ‘ J says: & Co Wynn & Lightfoot, and none of j n 0 ‘ 0n on March 4” them living. Thus, it will be seen thal tljere is At the expiration „ f h!s term as °" e t £“ SI ^ S !, , OUS ° 13 M , 3Con to * ' Speaker, and eight years of service in daj, at the same place, with the same ; the House, Mr. Cobb retired from Con firm name, t.iat existed thirty years i gre;sional life, and pan f r Governor of as °" j Georgia against ex-Governor. Charles nADiT/ni mn sTmnnntnn«« J - McDonald, and was tr'umptant, aft- NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS, .or a campaign. Cobb n TTvomirtP ad vaiw i resented Lie Constitutional T. a on examine laoei on your pa- j party, as opposed to secession. Mc- per. It tells how you stand on : DonaId " :I ■ tho ‘•ktviidafe of the ex ! treme Southern .Rights party.. Col j served as Governor from November I 1851. to Xovember. 1S53. 'His ndminis- i ) tration was conducted in the spirit of | Georgians motto: Wisdom. Justice. Moderation. In this campaign Mr. C:bb had the support of Mr. .Stephens. Both of those gentlemen spoke in Macon. In 4- | defeating McDonald, Cobb overcame a* j one of the most' popular men in the J State, a man who had twice been'Gov- * erncr before. At. the expiration of Atlanta to the sea recalls the fact that in ye Olden times this line had the sobriquet <>f Snout. Samuel W. Flournoy, a bright genius and humorist formerly of the Columbus Enquirer.was a member of the Legislature in 1S36. when the bill to build 'he State road from Atlanta to Chattanooga was In troduced. He opposed the proposition. Alexander H. Stephens had just made his debut in the Georgia House, and favored the measure, making it is maid en legislative spee? h in behalf of the bill. Charles J. Jenkins, afterwards Governor of Georgia, was the especial champion of the bill. In n letter writ ten March 13. 1S37. bv Mr. Stephens William Rutherford, of Ath ens, Ga.. he said that in tho debate on the bill. Flournoy made one of the r ost hu:uo-.>us as wed as one of the most extraordinary speeches ever de livered in tile House of Representa tives of this State. It was in this speech Mr. Stephens says, that Flournoy gave the sobriquet of Snout to the road. He seemed to be thinking of the word “main trunk”, frequently alluded to by the friends of the measure, when ap parently at a loss for the word, he said: “This main-what do vou call Worked Like a Charm. Mr. D. X. Walker, edlt«\r of that spicy journal, the Enterprise. Louisa, Va„ says: “I ran a nail in my foot last week and at once applied Buels- len's Arnica Salve. Xo Inflammation followed; the salve simply healed the tls every sore, burn and Guarahtecd at all drug the books. Due from date on the label. Send in dues and also renew for the year 1907. FOR GREAT PANIC Caught on the Wing I Bi his column “Caught on the . & Callaway Of these, Mr. Hertz is Boifeuillet said the other living, but long since out of the busi- day that the firm of Hays & Mansfield ■ „„„ t. was the oldest in the city, that is. the . ne ‘ Butts & Ross were the only coal oldest to retain its business and firm ! 5L ea t er£: * Of this firm. Deputy Sheriff ! i a tour through the Xorth in advocacy Bv JOHN t Rnirriiii t pt ‘ of the candidacy of James Buchanan By JOHN T. BOIFEUILLET. . for p re?l ^ ent In y Iarch , X g 57> B UCh- In the announcement of the death : anan a F°f nt cd Cobb Secretary of the i of Major Lamar Cobb the panorama j J^December Bh mT'tl”cast htsdes- j of other days is unrolled before us. . tinles with the South in the secession j and on its grand outlines I see the ; movement. WASHIXGTOX. March 13.—A. B. Stickney. of St. Paul, president of rho _ Chicago Great Western Railroad. \\1 > Governor"Cobb’s".term 'he~ resuhied the |'' lrri '"ed here from the South, in in in- practice of law. but in 1855 was again i terview discussing the railway situa- ! tion, said: ■ "The people are now laying the foundation, firm and strong, for a tre- | elected to Congress, and In 1856 made mendous panic.” Mr. St(ekney said he does not believe that the crisis will be reached within the next two years, but he took the p »- sition that it will certainly come and will be even more disastrous than the majestic figure of Howell Cobb, the illustrious sire of the son whose body Mr. Cobb was regarded by many I panic of 1S93-4. Ht • the present railroad prison in the fall of 1363 for Oonfed- M acon today less than one half dozen orate prisoners. The climato Inhosnlta- men Veins’ the same business and re- ble. cold winds, merciless blasts. Here- talning the same firm name," and two our nmn froze to death. The death rate these are colored. Of course there name. This statement set me to Ed? [. ar .-^’ Ross now lives. Of the eight was committed to the grave in Athens i President Buchanan's possible succes- thinking. ‘Going back thirty years, before the firm of Hays & Mansfield was formed I find that there are in confectioners, only two are living, Miss Maggie Harvey, now Mrs. Donohue, and S. He!frich. Of the cotton brok ers. Capt. R. H. Brown, now president of the Central of Georgia Bank, lives. Of .the 17 cotton buyers. A W. Crutch- HP! ■ field - J- P- Roosevelt and J. G. Ruhan .... . .. . , . _ I l_J HR was 77.4. and three times as great as are a few, but mighty few. old firm ; are . living, none of them In the same ; stellation no orb obstructed Cobb from sfons In the South, and especially with at Andersonville ° ‘ names, but even these are slightly j business. (the world's vision. In this firmament . southern Democrats, and any personal turned was intense in her desire for! But u iy almost forgotten in the changed, and the personnel is almost j _. ^ °f transcendent brightness Cob left j sacrifice which I may be called upon to exchange and the Confederacy was • South that we also offered a viftof entirely different. j _. JT er 4i R , ve , d . ent i? ts ’ °i these, an effulgent track behind him as he ! make to ensure union and harmony, - * * * j VJL tori is in Aprth Georgia, j pursued his triumphant way to Thirty years ago there declared that if igitatlon is kept up -'I! the railways are threatened with yesterday. Howell Cobb shone with i s °r. and a large element wanted him bankruptcy, and that In 1909 hundreds splendor in the bright galaxv of gen- ' nominated, but some in Georgia ob- i 1 “".t wili be thrown out ius and eloquence which made Geor- jected because, so it was said, "his ex- : ° r employment. rno g: .\u unrest m gia luminous and renowned through- . treme Union views are in antagonism j tke financial n orld l i lsiuv.u .sti,sm> out the nation. In the sky of Pur With ’ the prevailing sentiment in the , ® am > is not due to the pom Southern glory were many brilliant ; Democratic -ranks." Mr. Cobb patriot- i stars, and ’ in this intellectual con- j iaclly said: “This Is no time for divi- unprepared for tho action of Stanton, ! "well” prisoners. It was understood order Xo. 209. breaking the cartel. By j that vessels on the coast of Florida ihls order Federal prisoners were not i jjpuld take the Andersonville prisoners, n he < xehanged or even paroled. If shall be cheerfully made.” Therefore he paroled they were forced back Into the Federal army. This order. Xo. 209, rnught the Confederacy unprepared to meet the prison problem. The ceme tery at Ander-onvillo was founded on this order. It was like passing sen tence upon Federal prisoners, for the North knew that the Confederacy was without medicines and doctors and not equipped to care for prisoners. Hence, "Mr. Davis and Col. Ouid. the commis sioner of exchange, put forth every effori to get rescinded order Xo. 209. ami Col. Ouid was. given the largest Authority in dealing with Maj Mul- ford. United States agent of exchange. Everything was done to emphasize tho filet that we were scant of food, of doc tors. of medicines—Indeed, absolutely unprepared to hold captives. A deaf ear was turned to it all. It is Interesting history to follow the Confederate authorities In their ef fort to abate prison suffering. Col. Ouid. from the day the cartel was disre garded, pleaded for medicines and phy sicians, offering to pay the Federate in cotton for them, ns the Federal cap tives needed these. Xo replies were made to Commissioner Ouid. In j864 prisoners Increased fearfully at Andersonville, and to care for them became serious. Xo sick, no proper food, prisoners and acquaint the Lincoln Cabinet with prison conditions and the need of exchange and medicines and physicians, a delegation of prisoners were sent to "Washington at urgent re quest of Capt. Wirz. These Federal ■Haters--ami prisoners went M 'that mission of mercy and came back and reported "failure.’’ They told the pris oners their own government had abandoned them and exchange or med- i -hies :kev would n. : g.-t fr on ftp-nt. n. This created despondency among tho prisoners. It is to be hoped the fate of those who went on that mission was They were, accordingly, marched bv short stages to the coast. The captain's ind commanders refused to accept the were two dealers in agricultural implements. A. B. Farquhar. and Francis Jessup, both having stores in Hollingsworth block on Pojdar street. Only two architects. Uncle There* were five dentists. Of these, Georgia: . I _ and Dr W. R Holmes, of the Holmes splendid zenith. Howell Cobb was a j did not permit his name to bo can- Dental Depot, are living There were man of great ability and superb foren- vassed for the Presidency. In a ringing fiVo rlrnv* linr»«r nm? \Tr TJ Afonc. ’T’v.« 1 snppph n f Afn ri *»f to U n oolrl* “Tim kmi" dray lines, and Mr. W. H. Mans- sic eloquence. The country admired ! speech at Marietta he said: “The hour field is the only survivor. Of the eight ; his statesmanship. He was one of . of Georgia’s dishonor in the Union retail druggists, Mr. Theodore W Ellis, the nftosfc interesting figures, among should be the hour of her independence . Capt. T. L. Masscnburg and Dr. R. B. the leading public characters of his out of the Union." In February, 1S61, them. And we had to march ihn« . Billy Wilson as he was called. L. W. ! ar p living, and they are not now time. His name recalls numerous of he was chosen president of the Con- poor fellows back to Andersonville and Smith & Co. dealt in artist materials, i ir ? } he d ™ s business The retail drug- his brilliant personal victories, and ffress of the Confederate States, R8- they died like sheep along the wav . Mr. Smith is now in the real estate of 30 years ago were: Taco. W. ' business. Of the twenty-seven attor- g*l f, £ A. Cheatham & Sons, R B. Hall, Hunt, Rankin & Lamar. Jonn Ingalls. A. A. Menard, George Payne. Rankin. Massenburg & Co. There were three .wholesale -dry goods houses. S. T. Coleman & Co., Xussbaum & Dannen- brougl by the . about vari ms back, too despondent to live. Here Stanton refused the "well"—yet when ne - vs - onI y a fen " are now living, and they received the “sick" they “retai- only three. Mr. A. Proudfit, W. G. iated” because they were the sick and ® m tth and H. F. Strohecker practive not well. Spurned Alexander H. Ste- ,aw today. They were: Bacon & vens’ mission, rejected the mission of Rutherford, Blount. Simmons & Hard- the Federal prisoners who pleaded for ^ n J rin - &_ Strohecker. Harry S. relief, refused the "well” in Florida ^ B of the South. It has become a custom with most .Georgians to classify Toombs, Stephens and Hill together, and many speak of this wonderful trio as Georgia’s three greatest men. but not -one of them was the superior and forced them back to prison, yet grew ferocious and persecuted vilely our prisoners on account of the ema ciated appearance of the 13.000 sick sent as a gift for humanity's sake! Truth is stranger than fiction. The "gift" was their own men; not a Tro jan horse bearing Greeks. "When Mr. Stephens had failed in his Edwards, Erwin Howell, Samuel Fischer. John P. Fort". Thos. B. GreS- hani. Geo. W. Gustin, Hall. Son & Poe. Hardeman & Mason. Chas. J. Harris, Richard H. Hines, R. W. Jemlson, La nier & Anderson, Hill & Harris, Lof ton & Bartlett, C. E. Long, Lyon & Xisbet. R. A. Xisbet. R. W. Patterson, W. A. Poe, Alexander Proudfit. John Rutherford, W. G. Smith. Robt. W. Stubbs. Whittle & Whittle. Thos. berg. S. Waxelbaum & Bro., none of of Cobb as an orator. Which excell- them of the same firm name in exis- He became a major general, was assigned to Geor gia. and on September 14, 1SG3. estab lished his “Headquarters of Georgia Reserves" in Atlanta, and removed to Macon in 1864. He was on the field when Stoneman was Raptured near Macon by soldiers under General Iver- humane mission for exchange and for Willingham. Jr. Of the living there purchase of medicines and secure doc tors and hospital supplies for the Fed eral captives, and Robert Ouid had failed in all his efforts, then Gen. Lee himself undertook to do something with .the military commanders In the field. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler was in are: Senator Bacon. Col. John P. Fort, Thos. B. Gresham. X. E. Harris, Joe Hill Hall. A. Proudfit. Harry S. Edwards, Walter G. Smith, Cicero A. Long, H. F. Strohecker, Thos. Willing ham. Jr., Robt. A. Xisbet. Chas. L. Bartlett and W. A. Poe. There were medicines for ! charge of the prison department, and ^? Ui ^, a “® tI ” n '? ous ® s ’ T W - A - Cherry, J. To relieve the | be referred the matter to Gen. Grant ; „ & t> J " . R enne< Ty an 3 ' approvingly, and Gen. Grant thus re- : George H. Pratt. piled: “City Point. Aug. 13. 1S64.—To Gen. Butler: On the subject of ex change I differ from Gen. Hitchcock. It Is hard on our men held in South ern prisons-not to exchange them, bui every man of theirs released becomes an active soldier against us. directly or indirectly. If we begin a system of exchange to liberate all prisoners we will have to fight until the whole South is exterminated. If we hold those caught they amount to no more than dead men. To exchange prisoners defeat and should befall heroes and brave j would insure Sherman’s men. A monument should ho erected compromise our safety.” to them, thus Illustrating the efforts of What an unconscious tribute Gen. the Confederacy on the side of hu- I Grant pays to those old veterans lin- manlty. j goring in Xorthern prisons! Grant. These heroes met the same answer ! magnanimous at Appomattox, shows a Alexander H. Stephens, who was I the Iron heart here, sent on a mission of mercy in bohr the Da prisonc is to p] in tha d fo to s authorlz axe ng •dful s confln sion In bv Mr. e. and fall- iicines and ; were kept cure r pplles for such pent. But Mr. d to see Lincoln as ho hoped, ns always declared his mis- h’alf of the prisoners had not a failure had he been allowed to ir. Lin oln. Stanton stopped him ? "outer guard." to use Mr. Davis' age. Admiral S. P. Lee. U. S. X.. landing the blockade squadron at ort News, communicated with tho ington Government, stating the f Air. Stephens" miss alv one To cords. f hu- order Rot fines • nd •: • : > :• ■; ; f in cotton •• ’ or directed hj -he Federal t; >vi rament All in \ i n. Xo exchange, no par >.e, no medcines no Federal sur- T.u: our zeal did nm cease here. In the summer of 1364 our Government offered to deliver all the si. k. wounded. P-'ng in X ■ .-ember. 1364. Fod- 'd ships o.m.e and bore off : . Nerth- ' homes pt so soldiers, and brought no: a single^’old reb"—no: one The • :h rate wa? it its highest from Mav November 1364. and Mr Ouid in to 1 or no bity In accepting "the : "• Rut wh ; a fatal gif; :; proved be! T: was the death knell cf us.tnds of i"anfederate prisoners As so .-miufiatos returned home photo- •phs Wo-e taken and reproduced in the Xorthern papers magazines, i ‘d'ciis, pr.d a gr at how" went up. - rulri: the press the people, the arrhe? demanded retaliation: ar,d so, : r.sive ;o |r was Stanton and the >c •! i Cabinet : . ur men died ’ike ! . •. in a!! Xorthern prisons. The j ful death r .’c of Confederate pris- 1 Mr. Stanton’s official report made on July 19. 1866, shows that Federal pris oners died. 22,246. whll prisoners died 26.. r .76, The Surgeon- General or the United States reported the Federal prisoners held by us were 270 ono: the Confederate prisoners held Xorth. ??h.oon. This tells the pathetic story of that "fatal gift” of 13.000 sick, sent homo ; get we!!! Xo -iek were i given in return. Kut they died, bound hand and foot. in “retaliatory” shackles. Oh that "fatal gift" of 13.- 900 sick! After that gift, it was as if sentence of death were passed upon all ; our prisoners. ! Reference has been made to march ing th?- well prisoners to Florida and the refusal of the gunboats to accept them. But there was a second march to Florida. In the winter of 1S55 orders rime from Gen. Howell Cobb to take the Andersonville prisoners to Jack sonville. then in possession of the Fed- I erals. Capt. John C. Rutherford, the lamented Macon lawyer, had charge. The prisoners were marched in sight .q" Jacksonville and the order given: "Go to your own. whether they receive you or r.ot ’’ and our soldiers with- 1 drew, and thu-- closed Andersonville. , except T.ieut. Easterlin of Company [ B. Third Georgia Reserves, was placed | in charge of the sick and feeble at An dersonville. and was there when the surrender came. That "fatal gift” and Stanton’s con duct during the "retaliatory period.” from the arrival f the 13.000 ema ciated until the close of the war. was the cause of the refusal of a relief fund. Air. I A. Reresford Hope, Mem ber of Parliament, sent over a shipload of blankets to the thinly clad Confed erate sufferers. Stanton sent them ! back. Percy Grey, the English historian. ■ sneaking of prison treatment on both sides, says: -But. after all. the Fed- i-ni prisoners did not die so fast as the Confederate prisoners, and the North was without excuse for inflict- ! ing cruelty and hardships. If the sick Federal? perished for want of medi-1 .fines and hospital supplies, it was the ’ fault of their own Government.” Grey further says: "The Corder- ! ate reoorts suffice to show that the i Confederate Government anxiously de- I There were four bakeries. A. Kreutz. Louis Merkel, P. AIcGrath and Robert Waggenstein. Mrs. Henry Alerkel now carries on the business established by Ills father, and the family continues the business of Robert TVaggenstein. Of the nine barbers, AVillis Braswell is the only one who has a shop as In the old days, and it is still on Third street. In the same block. John Bick ers Is still shaving, and these two old timers are the only ones now living. The book dealers were J. W. Burke. & Co., now the J. W. Burke Company, with E. W. Burke, son of the founder of the house, as manager; Burr Brown turned farmer, and the business is now being carried on by Grant Fuller: Jos. A. Gaboury. John P. Lee & Co.. and L. W. Smith & Co. Of the six shoe dealers, two are now living, but are not In the business. The dealers were S. Blouenstein. Hugh AIcKervey. rnn'Mpri'to Mix & Kirkland, Jacob Schall, Single- 1 ‘ ton & Hunt., and Edgar P. Strong. Mr. Blouenstein is in the pawn-brok ing business, and Mr. W. C. Singleton in fire insurance. The only bottler was AI. L. Binsewanger, long since dead. There were two brick yards, that of W. F. Anderson", who died re cently. and T. .C. Howard. There were four brokers, John'E. Bostick. W. W. Carnes, T. Skelton Jones and Lorenzo Ripley. Capt. Carnes is in Tampa. Dow Ripley is not in business, John Bostick Is dead for many years, and T. Skelton Jones is the only one still in the business. . . r — : ed him as a parliamentarian? He was ! s° n , August 1. 1864. General Cobb was tence today^ an$ nine retail'stores, as the peer of -any as a patriot. Whose also in command at Alacon when the follows. Corkery & Rooney. Alax record in high political office was more c ' ,v surrendered to Wilson, April 20, Fischer. M. A. Juhan & Co.. Morris & celebrated’’ J 1S65. Ware. C. P. Roberts & Co., E. .A j • " I Shiver, S. AI. Siesel & Bro., S. Waxel- | Cobb was in Congress in the day? , Howell Cobb was one of the speakers baum & Co., E. Witkowski. Of these, | 0 f clay, Calhoun and Webster, when at the famous "Hush Arbor” mass R A Morris, now in Waycross, C P. ; this Immortal three were members of meeting which was held in Atlanta. Roberts, in the Ordinary s office, and ; the Senate. Stephens and Toombs July, 186S. The other thunderers were S. AI. Siesel, retired, are now living. ! w( . r e his colleagues in the House. Robert Toombs, Benjamin H. Hill and The only engraver was Jps. E. Wells. Cobb and Stephens began their Con- : Raphael J. Afoses. An immense throng who was at that time with "Wing Sc ; g-ressional careers at the same time, , of people fr-om all parts of the State Sc ^i. mon ’ J eweelrs - in 1843. Toombs joined them in 1845. assembled under the mammoth bush There were two fish dealers, one of " “There were giants in those days.” . arbor which had been erected in a whom, Hon Felix Corput, is farming : others in the House, with whom Cobb space near the old union depot. Joseph near Cave Spring. There were three. ? served, were John Quincy Adams, , E. Brown was the jnain object of at- foundries. Crocketts. Findlay’s, and Stephen A. Douglas. Andrew Johnson, tack. Volcanoes of the hottest invec- bchotield s. Major. C. D. Findlay sti.l . pj c. Winthrop. Jefferson Davis, and , five and denunciation were poured out continues the business, and Schofield s j n jjjg s ena t e , were Rufus Choate, upon him, and other reconstructionists, also remains, but with a change of j ames Buchanan, Thomas H. Benton, i Here is one sentence from Cobb’s by hostile legislation State Legislatures. President ’Stickney contended that the only solution of the railroad prob lem is to grant all tho power to reguluto the roads to the Federal Government. He urged the establishment of a de partment of interstate commerce, its head to be a ‘member of tho Cabinet, and he asserted the present Interstate Commerce Commission is a failure, be- ceuse the power to act is placed in the hands of too many men. He said he believed that far better results could bo secured if the entire matter were placed in charge of a Cabinet Officer With power to enforce the laws now on the statute books. Low Rates to Louisville, Ky.. and Re turn Via Central of Georgia Ry. On account of Greater Louisville Exposition tickets Will be sold at rate of one fare, plus 25 cents for round trip on Alarch IS. 19, 25 and 26, limit ed to leave Louisville not later than April 1. For further information tele phone 305 or address Jno. W. Blount, T. P. A.. Alacon, Ga. name, the business now being carried j 0 i ln j_ Crittenden, and others of the j speech. “Oh. Heaven! for some blast- on by the sons, u the three furniture ■ truly great who have left their in- | ing word that I might write infamy dealers. F. Reichert. W. & E P. Tnvlnr , *u_ * t i_ ... dealers. F. Reichert. W. & E. P. Taylor, and Thomas Wood, none are living. Of the twenty dealers In general merchandise, Messrs. Valentine" Kahn, now retired, Louis Newman, now in the millinery business^ and H. Stein only are living. Ot the eight whole sale grocers, Col. W. A. Huff and George T. Harris, of Huff, Harris & , OI , Co.. Messrs. Willie. Morrison and Frank • an(X delible impress upon tho annals and i upon the foreheads of such men! the institutions of our country. An I eminent historical authority says: j On October 9, 1863. aged only flfty- TOROXTO, Alarch 13.—A warning to the public against making investments in mining schemes of a wildcat nature was sounded by Lieutenant-Governor Clark at a banquet held at the King Edward Hotel by the Canadian Mining Institute on Friday. He said that the mining engineer had a great responsi bility at the present time. He must stand between the public and the pro moter. There were many people in vesting their saving^ in inuch-boonu-d enterprises who could ill afford to lose those savings. It was the responsibil- „ , Ity of the mining engineers of Canada Rogers, of Geoige l. Kogens & Sons, ; Thirty-first Congress in December. 1 Publcations are being made In some l to prevent, so far as they could, tho ana Alessrs. a. k ana i. D. Tinsley ■ jg49 t h e xvas elected Speaker after a . of the newspapers of the State to the 'publication of unreliable reports and aie here now. -oraae seventy-six re- violent contest. .He demanded the effect that should Governor-elect prospectuses. “Cobb was distinguished for his fa- ' three years. Howell Cobb died suddenly miliarity with the rules of the House, of heart disease, while on a visit to his skill as a debater, his strong pro- . New York. fessions of attachment to the Union. “And the King said unto his serv- and his equally earnest advocacy of ants, “Know ye not that there is a State rights. He became the leader ; prince and a great man fallen this day of the Southern party in the House, i in Israel?” upon the assembling of the j OF WILD-CUT MINES tal , sroeers. onlj Frank Disroom, the i extension of slavery into California j Smith decide to have his inauguration vell-knottn colored grocer, is in the ; an ^ New Alexico by Federal authority. : in the open-air, it would be a distinct ixty of the sev- | an ^ supported the compromise meas- j departure in the history of Georgia, as ures of 1850.” , ; hitherto tho inaugural tieromonies | have always been held indoors. Jour- Richard Alalcolm Johnston says: j nalistlc correspondence coming out of same business, and enty-one are known to be dead. Of the two dealers in guns and pistole, George W. Stratton lives, and con tinues the business. There were four hardware stores. Cashart & Curd, S. S. Dunlap. F. S. Johnson & Sons, and Preston Walker. The house of S. S. Dunlap remains; but it is now the Dunlap. Hardware “Air. Cobb had a great love of humor, Atlanta emphasizes the statement that and an almost boyish fondness for [ practical joke, which he retained ; throughout his life. In adverse as well j as prosperous fortune.” As an illus- i tration of this very excellent quality | ! in Cobb’s make-up, I copy the follow- Company. There Eere six hotels. Of ; ing extract from a letter written by ‘ on the Washington st Congressman Alexander H. Stephens to his brother Linton, dated at Wash ington. D. C., Alarch 3. 1844: “This afternoon while ' we were passing the row of hacks at the depot whiting for the evening cars, Cobb The following were the banks, and their presidents and cashiers: Central of Georgia Bank, John E. Jones, presi dent, T. O. Chestney. cashier; Ex change Bank. John C. Curd, president, Richard F. Lawton, cashier: First Nat ional Bank, L C. Plant, president. W. W. Wrigley. cashier: Macon Bank. R. W. Cubbedge, president, J. W. Lockett, cashier: Alacon Savings Bank, J. M. Boardman. president. H. T. Powell cashier: Capital Ban'o.. H. L. Jewett, president. X. AL Hodgkins, cashier: City Bank. John J Gresham, president. W. P. Goodall, cashier. Of the seven presidents all are dead. Of the cash iers. five are dead. Of the banks only three exist today. Tere was only one candy manufac turer. A. H. Stevens, who is now farm ing. The carriage and wagon dealers were W. W. Collins & Co.. Freeman & Greene, and F. L. Groce. There were four cigar manufacturers. Nathan A. Gans. who died last week. E. Mantoue, Marcus Peyser. Jr., and James Wert heimer. Of these. Air. Peyser is the only one living, and he retired from business several years ago. The deal ers In cigars were Adolph Daus. still living, but in another business. Emile Herman. J. F. Brown. William T. Lightfoot and W. B. Voiger. Of these, the best remembered is Voiger. who kept a stand on the corner now known as Sol Hoge’s Corner The only civil engineer was J. C. Wheeler, at that time City Engineer. He was the father of Capt. Pouhill Wheeler. The doth- ing dealers were D. J. Baer. J. H". kin, you can get a hack here.’ In moment about twenty hackmen were around Lumpkin, crying, ‘want a hack, sir?’ ‘Hack, sir?’ ‘Here’s a hack, sir.’ Cobb walked on, as if he j had done no mischief, leaving Lump- i kin to explain himself out of the dif ficulty. for half of them seemed to ! consider it a clear engagement.” the Brown House, the daughters of E. E. 'Brown are living. B. Dub. of the Lanier House, as it was then known, is owner of the Screven House in Savannah. Of Byington's Hotel, one of the sons of E. T. Byington is now living in 'Florida. Of the Isaacs Ho tel. Mr. Emanuel Isaacs is still living. Of the Planter’s Hotel, Mr. J. H. BYemer is dead. Of the Stubblefield House, now the Arcadia, Airs. S. L. Whitehurst is dead. There were three house funnishing goods dealers. Of these only George S. Obear, Jr., of At lanta, is living. * * * There were ten insurance agents, H. L. Backus, W. W. Carnes. J. B. Cobb. Dr. A. P. Collins, Conner Bros., H. AI. Granniss. Jewett & Rodgers, P." C. Plant *• Son. Turpin & Og den, C. B. Willingham and Bro., and of these are now living Capt. W. W. Carnes. H. M. Granniss. of Orlando, Fla., and C. B. Willingham. • * * The livery stables were C. Afaster- son. Samuel A. Porter, and John S. Stuart, none in existence todav. ■ . • *-■-*.*' There were four lumber dealers. Bartrum. Hendix & Co.. Ellis & Cut ter. Guernsey & Reynolds, and R. C. Wilder & Sons, and of these, the sons of R. C. Wilder and J. W. Eilis and H. C. Cutter, of the firm of Ellis & Cutter, are living. * * * Of the photograph galleries, T. B. Blackshear Is now in the business. W. A. & C. H. Campbell are living! the cf Congress. He itas oposed by both former in Florida, the latter in Atlanta. Stephensand Toombs, who were Whigs. J. A. Pugh died many years ago. The In those times "State pride" seemed to only portrait painter was Charles de “cut no figure,” so far as supporting a B'eruff. The onlv picture dealer candidate for high office was con- framer was E. D. Irvine, now living, cerned. Party was everything. Alere There were thirty-six physicians, and I personal friendship was not a lever of these Dr. E. G. Ferguson. Dr. H. sufficiently strong to break fart final A. Alettauer and Dr. J. J. Subers only line.:. But I guess it is very mu.-h the ane living. Of the three plumbing • same way yet. “State pr ; de” would net firm* only Mr. T. J. Carling remains, ‘nfiuence a Democrat in voting for a * * * Peru!; can. In this memornbl-j cen- Of the three real estate dealers. H. j test for the Speakership, in which Cobh W Campbell, Dr. A. P. Collins and bore off the laurels, the balloting rop- the open-air inauguration would something new in this State. Alas! “how soon we forget!” In the rapid flight of years, it seems only yester day that W. Y." AtKinson stood upon, the platform which had been erected cet plaza of thq State capitol. in Atlan a. and in th< presence of 10,000 people, assembled from all parts of Georfiia. delivered his second inaugural address and took j Railway Company for tho purpos The New Pure Foea and Drug Law. We. are pleased to announce that ' Foley’s Honey and Tar for coughs, colds and lung troubles is not affected by the National Pure Food and Drug law as it contains no opiates or cither harmful drugs, and we recommend !t as a safe remedy for children and adults. H. J. Lamar & Co-, agents, near Exchange Bank, Macon. BIG STONY COMPANY WILL EXTEND LINE ROANOKE, Va„ March 12.—The stockholders of the Big Stony Rail way Company met here today in the offices of the Norfolk and Western the oath of office as Governor. It was a grand demonstration, a gala occasion said to Lumpkin aloud. ‘Here. Lump- in the “open-air.” One of the distinc tive features of the brilliant afjalr was the grand military pageant, com posed of infantry of the United States and a large array of the military of Georgia. The Second Georgia regi ment, embracing the Macon compan ies. under command of Col. E. D. Hug- uenin. was there in all of its glory. A multitude of the school children of the In a letter written to Linton on the [ State was in attendance. One th^ high following Alay 4, "Little Aleck” tells j platform fully 1.000 persons were of another joke of Cobb’s. seated. There the General Assembly "You know that the hackdrivers j met in joint session, being called to profess to know every house in town. : order by Hon. Robert L. Berner, pres- A day or two ago .Cobb walked up to ; ident of the Senate. In a few words securing an amendment to the charter whereby it can build extensions and branches. The proposed amendment was adopted and a line will be built from interior Virginia into Potts Val ley, a distance of twnety miles. The stock of the Big Stony Company is owned by the Norfolk and Western Company. one of them and asked if he could drive ■ him to Air. AIcFadden’s. ’Yes, i sir.’ was the ready answer. Cobb hnp- i ped in. and off rolled the hack. After ' a while the driver asked. ‘Where was it you wanted to go?" ‘To Mr. McFad- | den's. ’What street does he live on?’ j ‘I don’t know. You told me you could ; drive me there, and you must.’ So he j had a long drive, all over town, the | driver inquiring everywhere for Mr. i AIcFadden.” I have not the complete record? by me which tell the whole tale, but Mr. Cobb won a brilliant personal and polit ical victory in December. 1849. when he was elected the Democratic Spe’ker Hertz. Key & Salisbury, and Winship T. C. Dempsey, none are living. Of | tinued from December 3 to December he introduced Governor Atkinson to the great mass of humanity. As the man. who had been chosen for the second time to preside over the des tinies of the commonwealth, arose to speak, there ensued an inspiring and enthusing scene. The vast throng broke into tumultuous cheering—fair women waved handkerchiefs, flags were raised on high, "and all went merry as a marriage bell." In fancy I see Atkinson now, pausing for a mo ment in one of his fervid oratorical flights, and leaning over the railing of the gaily decorated platform, where the coat of arms of Georgia glistened in the sun. said, in words of earnest ness and tenderness, to the thousand or more pupils assembled near, “and you. mv children, mav God bless you.” At the conclusion of his address the oath of office was administered to Governor Atkinson by Chief Justice Simmons of the Supreme Court of Georgia. October 31. 1896. was a proud day in the life of W. Y. Atkinson, and a memorable one in the annals of the inauguration of Governors of Georgia. It may be remarked in passing, that Mr. Berner, who occupied so promi nent a place in the “open-air" inaug ural ceremonies of Governor Atkinson, Saved Her Son’s Life. The happier,t mother in the little town of Ave, Mo., is Mrs. S. Ruppee. She writes: "One year ago my son was down with serious iung trou-. ble that our physician was unable to help him; when by our druggists’ ad vice I began giving him Dr. King's Xew Discovery, and I soon noticed im provement. I kept this treatment up for a few weeks when be was perfect ly well. He has worked steadily since at carpenter's work. Dr. King’s Xew Discover saved his life.” Guaranteed best cough and cold cure by all drug gists. 50c and $1.00. Trial bottle free. SEVENTY-THREE INDICTMENTS AGAINST SOUTHERN RAILWAY RICHMOND. Va., March 12.—The Franklin County grand jury at Rocky Mount yesterday brought in 73 indict ments against the Southern Railway for violating the Jim Crow law and falling to provide proper accommodations for the traveling public. The violations are said to be on a branch of the Southern be tween Rocky Mount and Franklin Junc tion. UNION STATE BANK WRECKED BY BURGLARS. WICHITA, Kas.. Alarch 12.—Tho Union State Bank of Hunnuwell. Kas.. was wrecked by safe blowers early to day. Five distinct explosions aroused the residents, who gave chase to the burglars. The robbers covered their re treat by firing at their pursuers and es caping on a hand car. The amount se- ured cannot be estimated at present. Posses are being formed to intercept is a law partner of the next Georgian • the robbers. J INDISTINCT PRINT