Newspaper Page Text
Tuesday, march 26, iw&
THE TWICE-A - WEEK ' TELEGRAPH
«» INFLUENCE
' OF SRYAN’S POPULISM
(By JAMES S. McCARTHY.)
h 23.—Demo-
of the country
J. Bryan. Re
tail}- reaching
ent Democrats
East nr.2 West
,e Is losing his
the party. At
is been strong-
dlspasitlon to
ank at
i file
reai-
I of Bryan lira responsible for the ead
condition.
Tor twelve years the Republicans
j have controlled tits Hous of Repre
sentative?—a longer period than that
body was ever controlled by them—
and to Br.an Is due the credit for
making their l-ron grip on the popular
branch of Congress possible. Even it}
the days of reconstruction, the Democ
racy was able to capture the House
more frequently than its enemy.
“It makes me sad when I compare
th? condition of the Democratic party
today with Its condition under tha
' leadership of Cleveland. Gorman. Brice
and Hill. I almost despair of ever see-
! ing the grand old party again a potent
| factor it. '■ tr country's affairs. I hope.
I however, t ut the sturdy Democratic
j manhood of the South will arouse It.-elf
I between now and convention time. 3nd
j see to it that the party Is rescued from
' tr.- Jackals of Populism and the wolves
of Socialism "
and ^ taches to the money and the money is
j thereafter unfit for service. Some streams
m FOR CHEAP
WASHINGTON. M.a
crats In every seette.r
a:o tiring of Wiilihm
ports to this eff.-ct are
tne Capital Promlne
from the North South,
visiting lit re det lore he
hold on the masses of
the South, where he h i
eft there is a strong
relegate him and his Po]
to political i blivion. Th
of the parly In Dixie hive at Iasi
ir.ed that Democrat success In a
possibility under his leadership
have determined to throw birr,
board and return p fir.-' prlncli I
the North he has but little st
among those who formerly mad
p«rty formidable, -.ml n any who d |
by him in 1*96 and 1900 for regularity's i
sake are now openly fir iP-' i‘ ? |
strength In the North exists principally i
In Pipull.stle and Socialist • centers. In i
the West he has been completely dis
credited. In hi? own State of Nebraska |
he could not muster a corporal’s guard.
The Republic.tns nave carried the State '
by Increased majorities each vt-ar since j
his assumption of power in the party. I
In New England he has no following
outside the foreign population of the ;
large cities, and two-thirds of th's fol- i
lowing is composed of labor agitatorc
and Socialists. j
Southern Democrats arc thoroughly |
disgusted with Rtyan's efforts to rnvete
the creed of organized labor and the va- I
garle? of Populism the platform of |
Democracy. They strongly re?ent Ills i
recent speech in New England In which |
he practically turned over the party to i
the American Federation of 1,,-ihor. many acres of forest go into a ''
Democrat? of the South, which he- . w nston ChurohIII and
tronomlcal observatory domes,
hundreds of other things.
Four hundred or more raw materials
are used In the manufacture of paper
pulp, but wood furnishes by far the
greater quantity. Many American
woods have been tried, including
spruce, poplar. basswood, balsam,
pine, beech, willow cedar, hemlock,
maple, birch and aspen. Of these
spruce Is most used. Balsam Is also
good. Both are valuable for their spe
cial quality of fiber and for their lick
of color being nearly white and there
fore not difficult or expen?Ive to bleach.
To arrive at definite conclusions as
to the various pulp-woods and how to
treat thorn, the Forest Service has es
tablished. at 696 East First street. Bos- j no passing shadow-
ton. Mass, a laboratory for fhe purpose
of making Investigations and experi
ments in the manufacture of sulphite
wood-pulp.
Even with the seemingly exhaustJess
spruce forests of Canada _n addition to
harbors shall be utilized to the fullest ! bringing over a lot of English hack-
extent possible, and that too, without
of water are polluted by m ih8llaE diseased regard to whether the cost be 3500,-
’ ” 0C0.000 or five times that amount. This
country is rich enough not to be waste
ful in foolish extravagance, but rich
enough to carry out every great work
of this ' kind which will add to the
prosperity of all the people of all sec
tions.”
1 fllthy matter in them, but oven water
purities "itself by running. No scientist
has yet arisen who claims that polluted
water should be impounded; It is better
to let all t'.ow. But this is hardly a fair
illustration, for filth and water do mix
and the mixture deceives the people ar.d
they drink and are poisoned. But iiuamn
conduct in acquiring money does not at
tach to or mix in th-’ coin, nor lessen or
weaken the promise to pay upon the bank
note.
"There is always the question of owner
ship. The man who gives must own it.
But there is no such thing as tainted
mon-'-v. Good moral money, that is. coin
of full weight and live promises to pax-
good coin, are good anywhere and every-
, where, in any man's hand. 'Truth takes
' low of Itself/ and money
cannot become" impregnated by the deeds
of passing users. Having this view of
good money. I will accept it from any
man who owns it.
"But in defending good .money I do not
defend bad men nor bad conduct in men.
There are tainted men—and women.—
" ■( vital
E OF
A GREAT
From the New York "World.
National Horse Show in England de
pends in no small degree on his Eng
lish trainer and show-horse manager,
C. H. Wilson, who sailed with twenty-
six blue-ribbon winners a week ago
£,',T * ?S > do / s not ! Jan‘of m^n'TprSceed^ou^of the heart, j six oiue-l
not-d an expert statistician to foresee ‘ lt i3 the expression of character. It stands ; yesterday,
the day not far :n the future, when the ; for them in the world’s activities. It is | Mr. Wilson had established a high
spnn o pulp supply will be excausted, I their teaching to the generations present , reputation as a trainer in England be-
or at least so depleted that • the cost > and the generations to come. fore Mr. Vanderbilt brought him to this
of the wo?d will be prohibitive. There- i f ^£% io \oumuUw/£ee<ls%y j country several years ago. Just before
the names you set up in
fore a principal object of the Forest
Service laboratory Is to experiment on
the pulp-making possibilities of other
woods, with reference to obtaining,
first, a pulp that will approximate
spruce pulp to supplement it; second,
other fibers that may have qualities
peculiarly adapted to special kind-? -of
field where we choose to labor. The mass
of people seek to grow harvests by the
same methods successful farmers have
followed in the pnst.. They seek to make
money by the methods adonted by suc
cessful financiers. If the methods are bad
The paper you hold in your hand
as you read this is made of wood. It
is the product of a ground up or ma-
cerated tree and if you look very ! pa pc- making; third, a pulp of mar- I In on6 generation, they will, if commended
closely you can see the wood fibres j ketable value as a by-product from the j and approved, be follo\\ed_by ^he_majority
like small splinters, all through the ; waste material of lumbering and mill- ” ’
p iper, but more discernible in the mar- | ing operations.
gins where the printing does not cover i So far there seems to be more possi
ble surface. And not only axe ali ; bilities in b.ilsnm to supplement spruce
newspapers made of wood-pulp, but j than in any other wood. Yet the most
so are almost all other cheap papers, j interesting possibilities of the Forest
Book papers are generally made from 1 Service investigations lie in the line
tod; so are wall-papers, cheap writ- j of discovering other fibers that may
lleving in fair treatment for all clas
of labor, organized or unorganized, are.
unalterably opposed to placing the
management of the party In the hands
of Samuel Gomper- and John Mitchell,
as Mr. Brvan is seeking to do. South
ern statesmen declare Democracy aim
at fair and Just treatment of both cap
ital and labor, and they do not propose
to permit lt to become the special party
of either.
Gomper? who Is president of the
American Federation of Labor, while
• , taking an active, and lt might be said
’ offensive, part In American politics is
not, lt Is claimed, an American citizen.
He is charged with being a subject of
King Edward of England. While he
has lived in this country, prospered
and fattened off its wealth he has
never thought enough of It to become
naturalized; and John Mitchell, presi
dent of the Federation of Coal Miners
hn? always affiliated with the radical
element of the Republican party, and it
Is no wonder that old-fa-'hioned Dem
ocrats res- nt Mr. Bryan’s efforts to
turn over the party to their care and
keeping.
A prominent Southern man who
served In Congress while Bryan was a
member of that body, in discussing the
Democratic outlook a few days since,
said:
•'While T voted for Bryan, both in
1S96 and 1900, I have never been a very
great admirer of him politically. I
have no confidence in his Democracy
whalever." Having served in Congress
with Mm. killing in close proximity to
his seat in the House for four years. I
hollovo I am- capable of judging him
correctly. He is a Populist, pure and
simple and always has been. He fa
vored the Government ownership of
railroads then ns now. and was a sup
porter of any "Ism" that would In his
opinion appeal to the prejudices of the
unthinking masses. He was never
much of a tariff reformer, and never
stood for any other genuine Democratic
principle. He was an advocate of the
free and unlimted coinage of silver at
the ratio of IG to 1 because he believed
It hi id carry the day. I have been
reliably informed that be did not be
lieve in free silver, but advocated it
simplv because he thought it would
carry him into the Senate of the United
States an office he was strongly seek
ing at that time. The Silver Trust,
with office? in Chicago New York and
Washington, had by the lavish expend
iture of money and the circulation of
tons of literature created a sentiment
for the white metal throughout the
country especially in the South and
West, and Bryan thought It would
sweep him into a seat in the upper
branch f the American Congress.
"1 have never been able to under
stand why the people of the South took
to Bryan so strongly. Being a South-
erner, you know that tha underlying
principle of the Southern Democracy
Is white supremacy. What assurance
have Southern Democrats that Bryand
stand with them upon the great and
vital question? He has never, so far as
j have been able to learn, taken
eided stand In favor of it. On the
hand, things have occurred In
that lead me to believe that he enter
tains Northern Ideas as to the negro,
lie did n<\t. I am informed object to
send'ng his children to schools in Ne-
hraska attended by negrecs. and I am
further Informed that while editor of
the Omaha World-Herald a Populist
newspaper, he advocated the nomina
tion and election of a negro in Doug
las County. Neb This negro, through
the Influence of Bryan's paper, was
nominated and elected bv the Fusion
party of Douglas County, and accord
ing to hlstorv. .he was the nlv negro
who ever held office In the State of
Nebraska.
"In my humble opinion, the Demn-
cratic party will not win another vlc-
torv until it returns to conservatism
and reason. It must be purged of Bot
ulism and Socialism if It is ever to re
gain the confidence and. respect of the
thinking people of this country. In
eicier words we have got to get back
to tariff reforms, sound finance, and
conservative treatment of the Govern
ment. , _
"Upon the question of tariff reform
the Democratic party can be reunited
and made as solid as the rock? of i T i-
hnaltar. It cannot be united upon any
other issue. All Democrats, whether
gold Democrats silver Democrats or
what not. can be rallied to the party's
standard upon a platform demanding
an equitable revision of our tariff laws,
while they would continue to fight each
other upon any other question. The
Republican party is hopelessly split
upon the tariff and united upon all
other questions, and for that reason Its
leaders are anxious to avoid another
campaign on that issue. They laugh
in their sleeves when the Democrats In
convention assembled ignore the tariff
and make another question the para
mount plank in their platform.
"When I was a member of Congress
we had a Democratic party at the
North, as well as at the South: we had
a majority in the Senate and in the
House of Representatives, and. we had
a Democrat's President in the White
Heuse. a President who put Southern
men in his Cabinet upon the Supreme
bench of the nation, and sen; Southern
men as ambassadors and ministers to
the courts of foreign countries. In the
Senate we had such great men as
White, of California. Gray, of Dela
ware Turple and Voo?hees of Indiana.
Hill and Murphy, of New York Brice,
of Ohio, Faulkner and Carrden. of
West Virginia, and Mitchell and Vilas,
of Wisconsin, each a statesman to
whom every Demon rat and everv
Amt*? I can citizen could noint with
pride Since the advent of Rryanism
we have seen ail these great Democrats
relegated to the rear and their seats
filled with Republicans. Today not a
Democrat from north of Ma?on and
Dixon's line sits in the Senate of the
United States, and the insane policies
Ing papers, wrapping papers and a va
riety of other*.-. 'But the main use of
wood-pulp paper Is for printing. A
clever statistician has calculated how
acres of forest go Into a "best
the
resultant figures are appalling, espe
cially when one realizes that the wood
used is practically all of one kind,
spruce, found chiefly in the northeast
ern United State? and in Canada.
Paper always has been made from
have pronertes peculiarly adapted to
special kinds of paper-making. Hero
i the realm of conjecture is as bewilder-
■ ing as it is broad for few countries can
present a greater variety of wood's to
work with than can be found in the
Un'ted States and its possessions. Spe
cial woods may be discovered which
will supply the basis for special papers
until there may indeed be brought
about a ‘‘Paper Age.”'as a German eeir
entlst has predicted wherein all vege-
vegetable fib' Material for receiving table fibers will find place in making
printed or written characters have not j boards, bricks, moldings and nearly all
always been of paper: the Assyrians | structural materials. Here, too, there
used clay tablets, mediaeval Europe j is opportunity for utilizing wood waste
ti-ed parchment made from sheepskin, saw dust s'abs and edgings—all to the
But paper, by its very derivation from ! : II st»n«n«N oScojqo—unuiSupujia *v
the Egyptian “papyrus.” the plant j made into pulp, and thence into fln-
froni which the oldest known paper | i-’bed paper products,
was made. Is of vegetable origin and i The Forest Service experiment sta-
I? now made principally of rags, wood : t * on * 3 conducted in connection with a
straw and like substances, the rags i model plant by members of the Forest
themselves being generally of cotton I Service in order that there ma# be no
or flax. j question as to their identification and
The demand for paper has made the then treated in everv way as if in a
supply problem one that b?s grown regular pulp mill. Sulphite pulp will
and Is (trowing rapidly. There has
never been an era like •the present for
cheap printed matter. This is the day
of the newt paper; the newspaper uses
wood-pulp paper. The drain upon the
spruce forests is so great that there
may be a famine of that wood. There
fore an effort is being made to get an
other wood to replace it—a ha-d thing
to do since spruce Is admittedly supe
rior to others. Since paper-making be
gan There has been a constant search
for paper material. Egypt has an ideal
plant for its own uves in the papyrus.
Its paper was not made by reduein
thus he studied microscopically arnon
paper manufacturers, so they may
judge of their usefulness for general
or specific purposes.
More than 1,500,000 cords of wood are
used annually in the production of sul
phite pulp, and of this nearly four-
fifths is spruce. With such an eonr-
rr.ous demand there is a rapid dimi
nution of the supply of standing spruce
and a consequent marked increase
in its cost. Moreever, since the
small =izes are not only available for
pulp, but are preferable,’ it follows that
t.ie lumberman in cutting for pulp, is
de-
other
lis life
the plant to a mass and then spread- j likely to work on the theory that "all is
ing it out into sheets by pressure. The I ^ s ' 1 which comes to his net.” Notwith-
stem was split, the outer layers were I standing this the principles of forestry-
peeled off and their edges glued to- I are being applied by many lumbermen
gether to form long sheets. The papy- ! to cutting wood-pulp and provision is
rus stems also furnished material for ! being made for the future. This is
sails, mats, cloth and cords; the pith i finite practicable, since spruce is a fair-
was used for food: sandals were made ! 'f rapid grower, and In comparatively
of a material provided by papvrus and tew years attains marketable pulp-
th° seam? of shins were calked with a ■ wood size. Tot under the most favor-
tow made from it. • able condition? spruce will have to be
As the word “paper” comes from the j supplemented by some other material,
name of a paper-making plant, so the ! because the use of paper, especially
word “library” has a similar deriva- i fnr ehm.n printing stock, is increasing
tion from the hark (fiber) of trees be- , ou l all proportion to the supply of
cause books were once made on sheets ; ra ' v material now in sight,
of bark, just as our American Indians ] This is only one of the many ways jn
have put records on the paper-thin j which^ the Forest Service is helpting
hark of the birch. “Book” comes from
Anglo-Saxon ‘‘boe.”or heech.since early
Teutonic tribes used the bark of that
for writing material.
toward a proper utilization of the for
est oroducts of thp country. Pulp-
wood is recognized as a valuable forest
crop to be gathered in quantity and
The eastern nations have used paper ! ^ rom Ihe greatest number of sources,
for a long time the Chinese and Jap- , C are should be taken to secure future
ane?e have made paper from cotton, ( cr°P 3 by cutting that will not destroy
from straw and wood fibers and from i t!le ff r °wth counted on for a later sup-
the pith of various plants. Japan now 1 PiJ” *° 30 economically handle the nro-
uses a number of fibers, including bam- ‘ that waste will be minimized both
hoo and many grasses: the Polynesian * n the lumber and milling; and to give
Islands make use of the tapa cloth and i adequate protection from forest fires,
rarer made from ihe paper mulberry. ! _ in spite of the present effort to
of men in the next generation. The wise
and prudent are true, when they discover
a bad method, will discard it and choose
a better way: and if true guides of the
people, especially the young, they- will
condemn the method and refuse to canon
ize the men who follow it.
"How inappropriate, to put it midly.
how blighting to an Institution’s life and
influence, it would be to call a Woman's
College ‘Cleopatra Hall.’ or a building de
voted to the studies Intended to develop
patriotism and civic virtues. ‘Benedict
Arnold Hall,' or a building dedicated to
tru'th. ‘Ananias Hall.' Take their good
money, yes. The disciples buried Ananias,
but we are not told that they returned
his good money. Name the building after
such men. no.
“.those extreme and unreasonable cases
are given merely to illustrate a principle
of conduct and not as having any paral
lels In modern institutional life. But this
principle must make us cautious. A man
may be a good and kind husband and
father, but Ills financial theories and
practices may have been such as to make
it quite inadvisable to write his name
down as the founder of a school of finance
in an institution that seeks to inculcate
sound economic principles in the rising
generation.
"I am no believer in human perfection,
nor do I ask our. founders to be wholly
unspotted from contact with the world’s
activities, but if they wish to put their
names upon buildings or have schools
called after them, let them come with
good records In the subjects to be taught
in those buildings and schools. We want
no shadows cast upon our teaching of
truth, no questioning of the standards by
which we measure, nor of the sincerity of
our scientific spirit in searching after the
truth. Let our university- be free, but let
every- teacher within it. and those whose
names appear upon its walls, be true and
sound in the particular subject for which
he stands. Understand me; I do not say
perfect or sound upon all questions.
"Perfect peoDle as a rule do not have
any money—they are mostly teachers.
But lot us insist that every teacher shall
be sound in his particular, subject, and
that there shall be no napie over the
door of the class room that shall teach
or suggest vicious doctrines in the sub
ject. -r
“Looking into the faces of the young
men and women of our beloved institution
this morning. let me urge you to become
cltizeirs of this glorious republic who
stand for the things that are right and
sound; for-money that is Tull-weigh ted
^ ... the market | boarding the steamship he said a few
places and over the portal of temples. ; thing's about his methods of training
We are all imitators, more or less, in the which have produced such great suc-
‘ , -’ J —” ' rv ’“ ’" 0 °" j cess here to Mr. Vanderbilt’s stable.
Importance of Ring Training.
“The Importance of training show
horses In a ring.” he said, "cannot lie
overestimated. This method is very-
popular In England. It is in the ring
that we teach the horse how to step,
the proper gait, and can observe his
every movement, for horses are just
like people—you never know what trait
a horse is going to exhibit until you
get him in public. And he frequently'
surprised you. agreeably or otherwise,
when you drive him into the ring at
the horse show. I daresay the horse
surprises himself.
“Say, for Instance, you drive a horse
on the roadway. His gait is superb,
his manners perfect, his step is poetry,
and he will travel to the limit without a
break. You would bet your last dollar
on that horse-—that he will will carry'
off all the honors. He is absolute per
fection—apparently.
“Now. this horse is accustomed to
the broad roads, the fresh, bracing air
and to freedom. He is at home and is
natural. He does his best under natu
ral environments. You may' practice
him every day with the same delightful
results.
"But take him to the horse show and
put him in the ring and there is no
telling what he might not do, and he
is beside himself with excitement. Is
it not natural that he should be so?
Horses Much Like Actors.
"There is nothing like training him in
the ring. An actor must have rehear
sals in order to do well. Were he to
go directly on the stage after practic
ing merely in private and have to sud
denly face an audience and music and
stage setting he would make a fiasco.
Why should we expect more of a poor
dumb animal?
“Horses, like people, frequently get
stage fright. You would be surprised
at the wonderful intelligence which
they possess; indeed, quite ns much,
believe, as the ordinary mortal.
"But different horses require different
kinds of care and treatment. A fine
horse of good breed is just as ambitious
to win a. race as you are to win suc
cess. but he must have practic-e. and
the kind which will accustom him to
the environment he must face at the
show.
“I keep the horses in training eight
neys for -breeding purposes. As
all trotting bred horses are gifted with
the ability to step eithef fast or high,
and lt depends very- much on which
quality- is developed in him. Hereto
fore speed has been cultivated for rac
ing purposes.
Infinite Labor and Care.
‘Very few who attend the horse
shows can imagine the amount of la
bor and care which we expend in de
veloping and training our blue ribbon
winners. When the horse comes out of
the ring it generaally requires the in
stant services of two men to rub him
down and see that he does not take cohl
or develop other ailments incident to
the overheating.
“The qualities essential to a high
stepping show horse are good conform
ation. perfect manners, an even gait
and ability- to go a good pace. Good
conformation is of course something
that cannot be developed, and unless a
horse is so endowed it would be useless
I look. Their idea Is that the railroad*
are seeking to create a situation which
will prove embarrassing to the Prosi-
1 dent. That they are welcoming much
l of the hostile legislation proposed in
; the various States for the purpose of
j weakening Mr. Roosevelt with the bus-
i iness interests of the country. They
i urge that in the event of any financial
! depression the foes of the President
: will try to place the responsibility on
| his shoulders. The admirers of Mr.
Roosevelt do not believe that any of
the hostile legislation in the various
Stntes can p.‘?s if the railroad interests
flgth. The President is said to under
stand all this and will not be fright
ened at all.
Politicians here think that as an up
shot of the matter the question will be
Settled by Congress and taken out of
politics before the 190S campaign.
Their idea is that Hill. Morgan and
Harriman have practically- come to the
conclusion to permit the President to
have his way because if they do not
to waste time on him for show ring | Federal supervision of railroa is will
purposes. Many a horse’s gait is per- | then become an issue in the Preslden-
fectly- balanced, but when it is not it | tial contest, with disastrous results to
requires much time and patience to them. Democratic leaders think that
teach it. the law passed by. the next Congress
"After the horse's gait has been set- ' will he even drastic enough to satisfy'
tied attention is next given to his man- j their party. That no plank in the plan
ners, which must be perfect. This fre- form will go beyond Federal super-
quently requires much time and pa- i vision, thus eliminating the views of
tience. He must be taught to start, i Mr. Bryan for national ownership.
stop, and stand perfectly still when
stopped until the trainer gives his di
rection. The latter quality particu
larly, though apparently simple, re
quires a very great deal of practice.
“I leach the horse one quality at e
time, slowly', patiently and gently. I
never use the whip, and during this
time make no attempt to develop
speed, as that will come gradually after
the horse has become accustomed to
his necessary accomplishments.
“IYe wifi begin training for the Na
tional Horse Show as soon as we reach
England."
EDWARD LISSXER.
Exports of
Manufactures
RAILROADS GATHERING
CROP THEY SOU
sound; for money that is iull-weighted _ if : ; 6 V s
gold; for notes that are “live promises; ! months out of the year—that Is, from
for genuineness and integrity in all civic j the first of March to the last of No-
and business conduct, and so five and - verrber. which is during horse-show
make your wealth that any institution ; season
of learning may not only take your good
money, but may also write y-our name
over the portal of any temple dedicated
to knowledge and truth and honor and
virtue.”
THE GREATEST OF ALL
paper mulberry.
Whon the Arabs captured the won
derful city' of Samarkand, 704 A. D„
they found a people skilled in the man
ufacture of paper from cotton and they
In turn disseminated the art through
out their empire. Their product be
came known as "charta.” which has
given name to "card” and to “charter.”
The making of paper from cotton was
common throughout Europe: later linen
rags and flax were used. Still the de
mand grew and It became necessary to
search new field? and new materials.
Esparto, a Spanish grass, was finally
decided on as the proper material, and
for many yeans it was used and still
Is used. About 200,000 tons are annu
ally Imported
find a paper pulp substitute for several
years to come, when you pick up your
newspaper > r ou wifi be holding a pliable
sheet of wood or wood-fiber.
IMF BE TAINTED
From the Washington Post.
No money is to be regarded as taint-
in to Groat Britain for , ed in the quest for an endowment for
paper-making purposes, though there George Washington University, ac-
!s no present tendency to increase the I cording to an address delivered by
importation. Palm leaves, cane, hop- | President Charles W. Needham, before
stalks, nettles, thistles ramie, peat and
a great many other things have been
-uiTfl -ssonons yuaaauipuj qii.u papi!
mad" from it is not good for printing
because of hard particles that quickly
destroy type.
In 1845 the first important steps were
taken In the manufacture of paper I
from wood In that year Keller of j
Saxony, took out a patent for making ■
paper from wood-puiD. His success ■
led others to 5nve«t ! vite. until two j
method? of obtaining' paner-making i
material from wood were devised, the I
mechanical and the chemical processes. •
Both, are u«ed in the United State?, i
The mechanical process is a simpler :
an assembly of the students of the
university. However, no man who
has made his wealth through ques
tionable means may expect to have
his name commemorated in a build
ing of his giving or a department of
his founding in the institution.
All money is moral in itself, said the
president, and none of it has been be
smirched by the deeds of passing
users. The freedom of the university-
teacher was also strongly pioclaimed
by Dr. Needham, and the right of all
scientific investigators to seek the
truth wherever it may lead them.
These prir.ci'.«|\ which may bo
adopted in the ? ldowment campaign.
“When the season is over I take
their shoes off and let them run loose.
I believe the natural state all winter
does them good.
“Many claim that freedom during
the idle months lets them down, but I
don’t. Recreation is quite as necessary
for a horse a? for one of us.
“I gradually get our horses into
shape in the early spring—about the
first of March. Then we begin to be
careful of what he eats, for he must be
fed very differently- during show sea
son than when in the rough, just as a
pugilist or a professional requiring
BALTIMORE. Md., March 23.—In physical effort must eat . differently-
beginning a series of comprehensive when training.
articles upon transportation facilities “During vacation he may eat carrots
with, special reference to the develop- flnt ^ Sfreen foods and graze in the open
ment of river and harbor improve- fields, but when we start in to prepare
ments the Manufacturers’ - Record of ! him for the ring we give him hay-, the
this week says: I very best grain, bran and soft food.s.
“Transcending in importance every- ! “ft is wonderful what regular exer-
other business, question before the ! else will do for n. horse. I have seen
American people is that of transporta- horses low in condition, some too fat
tion. We are at a crucial period when ! an d others as lean as herrings, put to
freight congestion and inadequate j ft stage-coach that runs ten to twelve
transportation facilities are the burden I miles a day, and before a month—cer-
nne and consists merely of grinding the Dr. Needham laid down after he had
wood with water until it Is reduced to
a pulpy mass. The pulp mill? are sit
uated near where the wood grows, and
generally on a good water-power site.
The product of the mechanical pulp
mills is not held to he as high grade
as the chemical pulp which is produced
bv a quite different process giving a
longer and tougher fiher. For most
cheap papers. th“ mechanical pulp is
used as a had? with about one-third
of chemical pulp added to give strength
and toughness.
The chemical processes are two: one '
of them uses caustic soda, and the (
other, sulphurous ecid. to separate the
useless mater from the fiber. The eaus- |
tic soda process which gives its name j
to soda pulp, is used mainly for poplar, j
The plant of a tvpical sulphite pulp
described, in an entertaining way,
recent visit to the Bank of England. In
that bank returned coins are tested by
an automatic machine and those of
short weight withdrawn from circula
tion. All bank notes, used and once
redeemed, are not reissued. The high
standard of commercial morality- in
such an institution as the Bant: of
England. Dr. Needham intiamted, has
its lesson for the present time and
place. Upon the question of the uni
versity's policy regarding gifts, he
spoke as follows:
"Now. I do not intend to talk on
finance this morning, but officially I
am just now profoundly interested in
money. This university needs real,
good money and much of it. As an
educational institution, we teach truth
of the business man’s life. A great
expansion of transportation facilities is
vital to business expansion, to growth
of trade and commerce and to the in
creasing wealth of agricultural. Indus
trial and general business interests.
“The development of the country- has
been more rapid than it has been pos
sible for the railroads to meet, and yet
we are only at the beginning of the
real broad development of this won
derful land. It is now seen that the
improvement of our waterways is vital
to the progress and prosperity- of every
section, and instead of being antago
nistic to the railroad’s interests, is
ential .to their best prosperity. To
provide the facilities needed for the
tainly before two months—after doing
their allotted work every- day. barring,
perhaps, one day in four for rest, they
will look as round and beautiful as
possible, and yet be in the hardest pos
sible condition. That is why- well-
cared for dray horses look better than
a gentleman’s horse whose work is
irregular.
Good Grooming Is Important.
“There is nothing like good grooming.
I should say elbow grease is the best
possible recipe for keeping horses in
good condition. It is the only recipe
for a silky-, beautiful coat.
“Indeed, nothing is so healthy- for a
horse, nothing makes him look as well
and ’feel so up to the mark as to be
growth of population and traffic in ; thoroughly strapped every day, and if
this country wifi tax the financial ; a gentleman can get men to do this
power of the railroads and of the Gov- i conscientiously and take pride in it, he
ernment itself. It Is now everywhere I will seldom find it necessary- to send
accepted that it wifi take an expedi- for a vterinary surgeon,
ture of S5.000 000.000 to fully expand “Now. one cannot be too careful
and equip the railroads of the country- j about the stable. This is a matter too
to meet the needs of the times, and yet | often overlooked. A fine animal is
the National Government has expended | about as sensitive as a human being.
in the last ten years an average of only
about 520 000.000 on rivers and har
bors. and will doubtless now halt and
hesitate, unless backed by the over
whelming demand of the people of the
country, in issuing 5500,000,000 of se
curities for river arid harber work or
one-tenth of what the railroads must
do by private capital.
“Every- available means of trans
portation must he utilized, every- river
susceptible of improvement to such an
extent a? to furnish greater transnor-
lation fae’fities must be deepened or
straightened, every harber with which
nature has blessed
be improved fnr 1
and we should bear that ever in mind,
and care for them accordingly.
“Above all. it should be exquisitely
clean and sanitary, with plenty of ven
tilation. For winter it should be
heated to a regular temperature, hut
not too warm, as it wifi make the ani
mals sensitive to the cold.
“There must be plenty of fight, but
one should exercise great care that it
does not glare into the horse’s eye?.
Many a horse has been seriously f.f-
fected by a sudden stream of light di
rectly into his eyes, and no one could
Imagine why he failed to discern ob-
our country- must ‘ jects in front of him and seemed fear-
ar.d bet- , ful and uneasy- when driven.
-books and teachers. There is,
we have seen, a vital morality in
money. Shall we take immoral mon
ey- No—but we are told there is such
a thing as 'tainted money.'
“I know my honored associates on the grain z
mil! situated near its source of supply, and morality by- conduct as well as by
censisr? of a saw for cutting the logs - .
Into a size easily handled, a wood-pre
paring. or rossing. room in which the
hark is stripped off and a chipper to
reduce the wood to small pieces for
the acid !v the dig’ster. The digester
plant hss a tower :n wMoh sulphur is
burned at the base and the fumes pass
up through the cooling pipes to meet
water which percolates through lime
stone from the top. This form? sul
phurous acid, which is drawn off into
the d gester filled with chips. Steam
is turned on under Dressure and -he
whole mass :? cooked until sufficiently
digested, when the cooked pulp is
blown out and washed with water. The
pulp may be then shipped to the paper
mill where it is bleached and other
wise prepared for special u
from the Lakes to the Gulf traffic is
congested. Lumber men are unable to
deliver their product, though eager
buyer- are scrambling for it: iron and
steel interests are harassed by the in
ability to secure the raw materia!, and
when they have secured that, by in
ability to deliver the finished product:
the cotton growers of the South and
factories which p-.ake use of the mate
rial in the manufacture of pails, dishes,
boxey picture frames mattings car
wheels, steam and water pipes, tele
graph poles, eleetrie conduit? insula
tors coffins, shoe heels, horse shoes
spools, too! handles button*, pulley
th? faculty, who are striving so nobiv
and successfully to get money, will
shudder—you are shuddering, a cold
chill is now creeping up your good
discussed subject of ‘tainted money.’
But we cannot banish the subject from
the minds of the people by shutting
; our eyes. They will talk though we
be silent, and we shall teach though
we decline to meet the class.
■ What is taint-d r.'.aney?\Ve shall find
! no answer in the Bank of England Those
‘"-* : little machines that weigh the gold and
r to I cancel the notes, take no account of du
or microbe? or uses. They determine by
weight and cancel dead promise? because
they are paid. The take no account of
the users. Morality in money has to do
with its genuineness and intrinsic worth
as coin or promise.
"What i? that taints money? I know
what some people say about it. They say
pkvlng blocks, surgeons’ splints, as- 1 that the wrong conduct of a holder al
ter shinping facilities. The present j The Exercising of Horses,
congestion i= not temporary. It will I “We exercise our.horses two hours a
be the normal condition of the country. ; —that 1=. the average horse. But a
unless an expansion commensurate : horse should be exercised according to
with the vastnes? of the resources of his age—a younger horse requires more . . . „
this country be made. —and that must also be gauged by his J a F
From the Atlantic to the Pacific and 1 condition and his natural activity or
temperament. The distance is gradu
ally increased.
"Many horses for the ring or the
turf have been laden with heavy shoes
to make them step high. This is a most
serious mistake, for in a very short
time it will disable a horse, ruin his
tendens and retire him forever.
“I have seen this done to the hacknev
horses in. England and always with
such distressing re=ults U*at it is being
abandoned altogether. There is noth
ing more cruel.
-ans- ! “Bhit the ability of a horse to steio
,-ouid h>?"'i is just as much of a natural gift
-i,I a as the ability of a race horse to step
fast, and unless a horse is gifted by
nature with thi? quality it is. as a gen
eral thing, quite useiets to attempt to
train him into a high stepping show
horse.
"The hackney horse in England is
especially trifted with high-stepping
qualities which have been brought
it the TV'
the cot
ton
: i? the
icilit'e
man and the flour-maker are
e harassed by the present con
ditions.
pre==ur-> upon
that railroads
make more net pro profit if Ihev h?d a
■ smaller vplu'me of cross business. Their
fines are overworked. their rolling
1 stock cannot be utilized to th? best
advantage their terminal facilities are
clogged, and the life of the railroad
operator fr'-m the president all the
way down throueh every gradation of
office is a burden.
"Un*n the National Government rests
a wolghtv responsibility. It is the
servant • f the neopie. Congress is but
the director}- of th? mightiest corpora
tion on earth that of the United States,
and the people, who arp the stockhold
ers in this corporation, have a right to
Special to Courier-Journal.
NEW YORIC March.—The railroads,
having sown the wind, are now reap
ing the whirlwind. Nowhere is this
sentiment more in evidence than in
New York. One hears nothing but
expressions of alarm on all sides in
financial circles. The stock market in
Wall street gives evidence of it, and in
the hotels and clubs where the brokers
spend part of their evenings no other
subject is discussed. There is the fear
on the part of those interested in rail
roads that in many of the States where
new forms of regulation are now be
fore the Legislature, enough may be
enacted to hamper the administration
of these corporations, but also to cause
in some cases, a diminishment of profit
and in others a loss, with the. result
that the bonds and stocks may depre
ciate considerably in value.
TnV weakness in railroad securities
may hinder those improvements for
which money has to be raised by bond
issues.
Wall street- now looks to the Presi
dent to save the situation. He is the
only man who can do so. The element
of his party which in the last Con
gress sought in every- way to thwart
his plans for rate regulation, that be
gan a systematic attack on him in the
press controlled by it. and started the
movement to bring about the nomina
tion in 1908 of a man not in harmony
with his views, are appealing to the
President to stem the present radical
tide. One of these conservative lead
ers Informed your correspondent the
other evening that if Mr. Roosevelt is
willing to attempt the calling off of
hostile legislation in the various States
and succeeds in this, the conservatives
will cease their opposition to him In
Congress and not oppose his control of
the party- in 1908.
Just what the Preiident is going to
do Is the question of the hour. Of
course, it Is well known that he still
insists that the railroads should obey
the law both in letter and In spirit, ami
that -if they do this no harm can come
to them. He Is also said to .have ex
pressed the view that the roads should
acquiesce in amendments to the rate
regulation law that may tepd to carry
it more into effect. Those in a position
to know do not believe that the Presi
dent will grant the request of the rail
road presidents or even discuss the
matter until they- agree to both. For
Mr. Roosevelt is said to be very much
in earnest in his desire for more strin
gent regulation of railroads.
Some are inclined to question
whether if the railroads agree to stop
fighting Mr. Roosevelt In Congress, he .
will strive to call off legislation in the
various States. Their view is that it
would be very bad policy on his part.
His interference in State affairs might
be. resented. The sentiment now is
very strong that the President is a man
who respects neither precedents nor
the limitations of his powers as laid
down by the Constitution, and such
action on his part might fan the flames
against him. There is some doubt
whether he could call off the Legisla
tures at the present time.
For the abuses which have brought
into being the hostile sentiment against
the railroads still exist and in the ab
sence of Federal legislation correcting
them the States are not ant to stop
in their efforts to do so. It is ques
tionable whether some will accept the
assurance of Mr. Roosevelt that the
next Congress will act in the matter.
For his lack of power over the Senate
will prevent any binding promise on
his part.
It is also viewed by political leaders
here that the President would make a
great mistake if he undertook to com
ply with the request of the railroads.
That he might as a result alienate the
large following he now enjoys owing
to his stand against the financial wing
of his party, that he. having brought
In a focible manner to the attention of
the public the illegal practice of the
roads, to intercede for them now in
the various efforts for a correction of
the abuses would be so inconsistent as
to carry little weight with those bent
upon legislation upon the subject.
There is no doubt, however, that the
present wave of radicalism is reaching
its climax. Few believe that Mr.
Roosevelt can in any' way- control or
curb it. The pace he set others now
pessimistic
view is maintained here, There is no
doubt, according to it that in at least
some of the States interference from
Washington will he disregarded and
such drastic legislation enacted as will
depreciate securities and cause some
.flurry- in Wall street. More tha nthis
if the railroads suffer the busines.s in
terests are apt to likewise.
It is because of this, some Infer, that
President Roosevelt is ant to appeal to
the various States without exacting
any terms from the railroads. No one
realizes more than he himsel* that the
pre=?nt agitation was caused by his
fight for the railroad rate measure last
fall and the various Government suits
agarnst the roads. If Mr. Roosevelt be
comes convinced that what he has done
thus far has given rise to a movement
that is apt to cause a flurrv in busi
ness he will take the initiative and
cry “ston.” The claim is that this has
already been Impressed upon the Presi
dent. That it was done long before his
WASHINGTON, March 23.—"Ex
ports of Manufactures irom the United
States and their Distribution, by- Arti
cles and Countries 1800 to 190G" ia the
title of a monograph just issued by ihe
Bureau of Statistics of the Department
of Commerce and Labor. It shows that
exports of manufactures from the
United States now exceed 700 million
dollars per annum and have doubled in
value in a single decade. Not only has
the exportation of manufactures
doubled in a decade, but the share
which products of the factory form of
the total exports is steadily increasing.
In 1880 manufactures formed but 15 per
cent of the total exports of domestic
products: in 1890 they formed 21 per
cent, in 1900, 35 per cent, and in 1906,
40 per cent.
With the rapid Increase of population
in the United States, and therefore of
the consumption of natural products,
the quantity- of food and raw materials
remaining for distribution to other
parts of the world has not increased
proportionately; and with Ihe develop
ment of manufacturing facilities and
the trend of population to the manu
facturing centers the production of
manufactures has rapidly- increased,
and the surplus of these manufactures
which may be spared for foreign mar
kets has also increased. Foodstuffs,
which in 1S90 formed 42 per cent of the
total exports of doinestic products,
formed in 1906 but 31 per cent of the
total: articles in a crude condition for
use in manufacturing, which In 1S90
formed 36 per cent of the total, formed
in 1906 but 29 per cent; while manu
factures, as already indicated, in
creased their share in the exports from
21 per cent in 3S90 to 40 per cent In
1906.
In the decade ending with 1995 ex
ports of manufactures from the United
States increased 198 per cent, while
those from Germany irtcreased 75 per
cent, those from the United Kingdom
40 per cent and those from France 25
per cent. This rapid increase in tha
exports of manufactures from the
United States has brought her to the
third rank in the fist of the world’s
exporters of manufactures. The four
greatest producers of manufactures for
exportation and the value of manufac
tures exported by each of them in 1906
are as follows: The United Kingdom.
1.400 million dollars; Germany. 1000
millions; the United States. 700 mil
lions: and France. 500 mellions. These
figures, however, are approximate only,
since the figures of the exports of tha
European countries are not yet :it hand
in sufficient detail to render possfido an
exact statement of the value of manu
factures exported in that year.
The growth of the manufacturing in
dustry in the United States has oc
curred chiefly in the last twenty-five
years. Stated in round terms the cen
sus figures of the gross value of manu
factures in the United States are: For
1S50. 1 billion dollars; 1860. 2 billions;
1S70. 4 billions: 19S0. 5 1-3 billion?;
1890. 9 1-3 billions: 1900 13 billions;
199 5. 14 2-2 hfifions. tla• - figures for 1905
being exclusive of neighborhood indus
tries and hand trades included in pre
vious years.
The. Increase in the production of
manufactures in the United States far
excess of home requirements, ha?
forced our manufacturers to sock mar
kets in other parts of the world for
their surplus product. The result has
been a rapid increase In the exportation
of manufactures. The total value of
manufactures exported from the Unit t
States has grown from les- than 8 mil
lion dollars in 1820 to 23 million dollars
in 1850. 4815 millions in 1S60, 70 mil
lions in 1870. 122 millions in 1880 179
millions in 1890, and 485 millions in
1900. since which time the annual to
tal has not fallen below the 400-mil-
lion-dollar line, while in the calendar
year 1906 the total exceeded 700 mil
lion dollars. In the fiscal year 1906 the
latest period for which detailed figures
of the exports by countri?? are avails
able, the exports of manufactures were
valued at 686 million dollars, of which
318 millions’ worth went to Europe, 1S2
millions to North America 61U mil
lions to South America, and 78% mil
lions to Asia, while the remainder was
divided between Oceanica and Africa.
That this growth has been especially
marked in recent years is shown by the
fact that the actual increase by de
cades in exports of manufactures has
been as follows: During the decade
ending with 1830. 1.8 millions;' 1840, 5.8
millions; 1850, 7.8 millions; 1860, 25.2
millions; 1870, 21.6 millions; i880, 51.8
millions: 3890. 57.2 millions; 1900, 305.9
millions: and during the six years
ending with 1906, 201.5 millions. Thus
the growth of exports of manufactures
in the sixteen'year? following 1890 was
practically three times as great as that
of the entire seventy years preceding
that year.
ITEMS OF INTEREST
about by a system of breeding prac- , talks with either J. P. Morgan and E.
ticed in England for more than one ■ H. Harriman That he Is anxious to
hundred years. have the difficulties solved as the rail-
'-However. Mr. Vanderbilt is going in roads themselves.
fer the trotting horse of American I There is. however, on the other hand
breed which has for several generations 1 the view of many here friendly to the
been bred and trained for speed rather j President who do not believe that Mr.
say to Congress that our rivers and i then show ring qualities, but we are i Roosevelt is at ail alarmed at the out-
New York has thirty-nine suburbs
In New Jersey.
Hamburg is said to have a fire re
cord larger than that of any other city
in the world.
India's exports have increased 144 1-2
per cent in ten years, and her imports
48 1-2 per cent.
The ordinance survey department of
Great Britain makes use of cameras
carrying plates forty-five by thirty
inches.
The highest inhabited place in tha
world is th? Buddhist monastery of
Ilane, in Thibet, which Is situated
about 17 000 feet above sea level.
J. P. Xannetti. M. P.. for the col
lege division of Dublin, and mayor of
that city, is a working printer, and
is foreman of the Freeman’s Journal.
The largest estate in the United
Kingdom is the lordship of Sutherland,
the property of the Duke of Sutherland.
The estate is no less than 739.200 acres.
Lili Lehmann, the composer of "Tha
Persian Garden ” is the granddaughter
of Robert Chambers the Scotch pub
lisher. Her father was Rudolph Leh
mann. a portrait painter.
M. RouvleT. the French ex-Premier.
has secured JCOn.aOO c-t the 51.400.004
necessary to start a new daily news
paper in Paris. It wifi be the organ
of the Banque de Paris et des Payae
Has,
indistinct PRINT
A.