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MATTHEW FONTAINE MAURY, NOTED AMERICAN SCIENTIST Only the Law A stat*"* greatest products consist 1 Washington. from which he created not in the number of fat hog* or fine horse* and cattle produced for trtr (Continued from page 1.) Control of the Southern Pacific. In all of its acquisition of stock rol In other railroads the Unto: fle has either purchased the a competitor of the other and was accordingly awarded an allotted po,-- j cent. ;i' u f tran.- ontir.entai business: ai d there is on liie with this commis sion a contract made in March :8>)3. known as the Agreement of the Trans continental Freight Rate Committee, to which contract both the Union Pa- for that company; but. as we have!may seen, whether purchased or not. the j tw Central Pacific is required to form a through line of transportation with the Union Pacific and not to discriminate against it in the receipt and transpor tation of freight and through traffic. The public is entitled to all the advan- | the National Observatory. He mad i ev'-ry vessel a part of this observatory ’ directly itself or through the ‘ ‘ - - plaj , v/h j ch ha3 ]er j Short Line Railroad Company. eifle and the Southern Pacific were tages of this line as a competitive like * P ar l es - and under which oil of the 0 f transportation with other transcon- traffic west of the Missouri river and tinental railways. passing through the gateways of The various lines which now com- and formulate market by that State, but in the think- s j nce *o the adoption of weather ob- its owns and controls, and which ;..g ability and culture of the best serrations ar.d signals on land. The : the purposes of this report will citizenship. The real preat additions made by him to the i considered as the Union Pacific. In -etal business. a State is ^measured by s to re of human knowledge, and, the the year 1S01 the Union Pacific acquit 1 * ” valuable books and papers prepared ed 750,000 shares out of a total cf 1.- during these and succeeding years. 978.492 shares of Southern Pacific nothing less than the book can tell. Company stock, and subsequently ac- type of her greatnes* of the intelligence of her men. There fore we do or ought to build monu ment* to the best among our men of thought and action and sing their praises as well to be seen and heard by the rising generation, for it Is true as gospel that: •'Lives of great men all remind us We can make our Jives sublime, And departing leave behind us Footprints on the sands of time.” Has the South produced lrtfen of ■uch powers of ir.«!gir. indomitable will in the fields of activity and wide reache* of thought In the regions en tered alone by king* of intellect. Then by honoring such and making our people feel that such lives are worth while and possible here in the South more than by the money of rich “Yan kees" (though we do not object to the money) can we fill opr schools with the brainy youths of our sun-bright land and put them all on fire to emulate the best which has been or may he possible in the coming future. Mr. Matthew Fontaine Maury was Paul. Minnesota. Sioux City, Omaha. ' pose the Southern Pacific from New Kansas City and Sabine pass, to and j Orleans to California were also built 1 ,^^ o P a if 0rn Jnrr,T,oHH,-o 0re , S0n ' I under patronage of the Federal Gov- treated as competitive transconti- I e minent by the donation of many mil- - _ ; lions of acres of Government land, J h oroii, I n n c:nr l rf t cr ° SSRd over and formed an independent and sepa- e Ore eon Short Line and Oreenn rate route _ while Congress did not He opposed the war. but resigned and 1 qulred 150.000 additional shares, mak- went South with Virginia, setting forth . ing a total of 900.000 shares, or 45.49 hi.s reasons in an address found in this per cent of the total stock Issu* of the . ook. The paper is a strong defense ) Southern Pacific Company. Thereafter, of Virginia worth road' ind the South, and is well when the preferred stock of th; South- by the who wonder ern Pacific Company was issued, the things could have been. The Union Pacific subscribed for its pro- the Oregon Short Line and Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company’s line to Portland, and thence it could enter into competition with the Southern Pacifis steamship lines for Alaskan, Oriental and South Sea business. The Union Pacific also had an interest in the Occidental & Oriental steamship line operated out of San Francisco to Oriental ports. It also appears that ay be the subject of competition be- 1 Words of Dixie. ' by Ml ,-een them. „ -Remember the Old Vo Confederacy had no means to establish I portion, to-wit: 180,000 sha'es. out of j the Oregon Railroad & Navigation a navy, but th-e electric torpedoes a total of 395.688 shares: so that at the which kept the Federal gunboats from ! present time the Union Pacific owns Richmond during the entire war were ! 1.080.000 shares out of a total of 2,- thc work of his brain. When the war '374,180 shares. closed, after an exile in Mexico, he re- The Southern Pacific Company is a turned to Virginia, and. like Lee. ! holding corporation. It was organized taught school, filling a professorship in ! under a special charter of the State of was authorized or otherwise the Virginia Military Institute. He Kentucky in 18S4 and died the death of a Christian February to acquire by purchat 1, 1873. In his biography, his letter.?, j the stocks, bonds and securities of raii- and the letters of his friends, are large- way and steamship ompanies. Short ly allowed to tell the story of his life, i ly after its orga ition it acquired and a readable story it is from the be- ithe stocks of and controlled, and still ginning to the end. The triumph of i does own the storks of and control, a hi« patient Industry and indomitable isystem of railroad extending from will over poverty, hardship and mis- j Ogden, Utah—where it connects with Company has always had a line of I prohibit in express terms the union of these great Federal railroad systems it Is hardly to be believed tha{ such prohibition would not have been im posed had it been thought that in the course or time they would have been brought under a single control. Control of San Pedro. Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad Company. In or about the year 1902, William steamships plying between Portland j-^" Clark and his associates comirjene- and San Francisco, which has at times ! G(1 the construction of a line of rail- done considerable business of certain : " ay from San p edro and Los Angeles, classes, and has been and still_could | Gal.. to Salt Lake City. Utah. At that be made a factor In competition. time the Oregon Short Line Railroad In 1900 the Southern Pacific Com- ! Company owned about 512 miles of pany purchased a majority of th e stock rai,1 'oad situated south and southwest of the Pacific Mail Steamship Com pany. which has for many years been the largest carrier of Oriental traffic to this country, and which has operat ed a line of steamships in connection with the Panama Railroad, by which Panama route traffic in large quanti ties has moved from Atlantic ports to ’ in competition born in t irglnia Jan. 14. 1806. and I j- ortune OU g],t to be enough to inspire j the Union Pacifljj— to San Fran-'is'^N coa ®* points educated in Bishop Otey's famou-' ; man y a i^oy with a ‘higher purpose in I Cal.: from San Jraacisco to Portland. "V, 1 ell-rail-carriers. Harpeth Academy in Williamson Ufc _ * s jOreg.; and frtm San Francisco !/ B 7 ^tue of the cor si04i/»h rw~-.tr (n A c-^rwmr. I * _ . .... _ . .. . . . .. 1 fin Paoiflfi (1)1(1 S rounty, which was in a sense t’»e father of the naval academy at An- r.r.poils, Md, and more directly the founder of the weather bureau de partment of the National Government ns well as the founder of a new branch of science, the "Physical Geography of the Rea." His father moved to Tei- The things which lead to the making j through California. Arizona. New Mex- of a man are often Incomprehensible, ico, Texas, and Louisiana, to New Or- His father intended to make a farmer | leans: and has since acquired a lino of his son. Matthew, but when in his I of railroad into Mexico. It also owns 12th year he had fallen from a high'and controls a llr-.j of steamhsips from tree on day. a height of fourteen feet, , Galveston, Tex., and from New Or- and was taken up apparently lifeless, leans. La., to.New York and Habana. . i H was found on examination that he 1 It is unnecessary to detail each sepa- r--s-c wnen ms son Maiinew wa a ba( ] bitten his tongue almost off. and rate railway corporation owning the four years old. so we may justly claim j had ln jured h)g back so mu( . h that his sections of 'the various lines in these this great man for our State, for did j j. ather thought he would never be fit : States: it is sufficient to say that not most of our fathers cross the Rlup fQr WQrk on th(J farm asajn He. there- : through stock ownership it controls mint? *° f ° Und ara aftve ™P I fore, determined to the lad’s earnest j the entire Southern Pacific system, tins rnir country • . . wishf for more schooling, and fience j commonly known as the "Sunset Among the most interesting books ( pornlUted hlm t o attend “Harpeth Route.” Of some of 1m Vior^lv i'ui Jiiiucu imu iw auciiu «ttij/cui iwuio. ua auuic ui iiitac thnrt thA*'T if * i Acadeniy# ” This incident, whether ac-[ Southern Pacific Company 1 -JrliJlrr •» cidental or providential, made tho turn- land also owns th* stock; ___ ,n £ point of h!s life. Later, after fol- | lines, notably the Texas 1 P’mifio lowing the ocean for many a year, the simply a stockholding company, and publlshodlnLondon '" I8 . S . R ’ * ; Governor of the Universe needed a controls them in ’.hat way. n brief synopsis at the lime but J „„ „ I * .. J j these lines the has a lease of other Texas lines, it is synop find it weis a mere sketch of might have been written, and now that further made along lines dr.t'nns. find lienee his work asumes j greater importance, it is to be hoped I will take up th" pen and what ’ Krcat thinker, and Maury, as a very i Among these H ies so owned and pious man. firmly believed in such I controlled is the Central Pacific Rail- flevploonienis" have been "Providence—I say, a great thinker was ! road Company, ors anized under the Ines where he "Jd faun- j ,K ' edert - a nd In him we find such. laws of Utah on July 29, 1899. This Another Accident. [company was originally the Central In his 34th year an accident In a I Pacific Railway Company, organized tage coach, when traveling through I under the law* of California, which, in an ample sketch show tho"fnJlneBS i 0«bio, so injured one leg that he ha* I Y‘V 1 , , th ° We *. tern Pacific Company and results of his scientific researche-s j been forced since to abandon in a I (which was .also organized under the as well as Its connections with the. great measure active operations afloat, i' aws Ca.ifornia and subsequently present. Of course, his. family was He was not suffered long to remc.In : consolidated with it), constructed the mainly and largely interested in hav- | idle: but was put in charge of such ' !ne t rorn San s^ncisco to Ogden books, charts and instruments as the United States had at that time col lected at the seat of Government. This depot was expanded into what was tyled the Hydrographical office. This Ing him get due credit in the days of uncertainty ar.d gloom, which were so slow In lifting from Southern he roes In reconstruction days but now I think the world Is ripe for real facts ^sincisco to _ „ B where it connects 1i-ith the Union Pa cific. This is the line originally known as the Central Pacific, which was to be operated with the Union Pacific as hereinafter stated. It subsequently and would accord due honors. I glean | was united with the national observa- j acquired the line from Roseville (near this outline from the book tn question, which was, after all, a loving tribute of affection from a very worthy and important family. Noblest Products of Tennessee. "Tennessee, tho land of fair women and brave men,” has laid claim to many gallant Boldlers, able statesmen find brilliant orators, as well as tho staunchest yoemanry thnt ever fought on field-or filled their barns with go! i- en nr/ir.e. but of those whose aspira tions were born in this State Maury stands first an a scientist. All his investigations took the di rection of utility. He stands credtte’d ns the man who surveyed the seas and gave-sailing directions which en abled shipmasters to greatly enhnnee the safety of their vessels He an nounced the existence of tile North Atlantic plntea.u and the possibility of the -ocean caWe. Cyrus Field said Maury furnished the brains for the cable. Tils advocacy of speh obser vations led the way to the establish ment of the weather bureau. Tho exploration of the valley of the Ama zon was undertaken on his sugges tion; the national observatory "was the work of his creation. He died holding honorary membership 'n a lsrire number of the learned societies of the world, and having badges of honor from almost every civilized government on "arth. When Maury was five years old his father moved to Franklin. Tenn. The biographer says of Tennessee at that time: "Wyoming is not*wilder today than Tennessee was at thnt time. There were no steamboats then: no raiironds. no turnpikes, and no singe coaches nor stage roads in the State. Bridle rnths and farm roads slonc enabled the scattered settlers f> meet each other. School houses were few and distant. They ns weil as the meeting houses and honnn. were most ly built of logs hewn from the sur rounding forests. In the planters’ homes there was plenty of poultry and tory, at a later date called t-be Naval i Sacramento), Cal., to the Oregon State Observatory, and Commodore—then j line, which was constructed by the Lieut. Maury—was placed at the head ! California and Oregon Railroad Cdm- of the com’bined institution. j P aa Y* organized under the laws of Cal- In 1842 he matured and proposed his! Jfornla. The California and Oregon scheme for a system of uniform ob- 1 Railroad Company, of Oregon, con servation of winds, currents and other | stnucted the line from Portland to the meteorological phenomena at sea. This Is the great work- of his life. Model log-books were distributed to com manders of vessels in the naval and merchant marin-ss and systems en forced In all entries of observations and abstract returns forwarded to tfie department. Nine years resulted in a collection making 200 huge manuscript volume These observations, extended though their sphere was, were too limited for the purposes of thorough science, and Commodore Maury, with characteristic energy and will, set about extending the sphere. He succeeded, as such and enthusiasm always do, and the general maritime conference held in Brussels in 1853 was the result. This confer ence adopted the scheme and thus ex tended its operations throughout tVo maritime world. Commodore Maury has published the following: 1. "A Treatise on Navigation. 1 handsome book for the student of nat ural science, published about 1835. 2. "Scraps from the Lusky Bag,’’ by Harry Bluff. A series of articles per taining to the navy. In the Southern Literary Messenger, about 1840. 3. Wind and Current Charts. Re sults of various observations collected through his agency. 4. Sailing Directions. A twin work with the charts. 5. The Physical Geography of t-he Sea. 1S55. 6. Papers contributed to various periodicals, among which are Letters on the American and the Atlantic Slopes of South America: Relation Be tween Magnetism and the Atmos phere; Astronomical Observations: Letters Concerning Lines for the beef and mutton and Virginia hams Steamers Crossing the Atlantic. ■ured by immemorial recipes: hiseult*, llghtbroad, butter cakes, huckwhent. t«a and coffee. Tn Ten nessee the latchfrtrinr was nlwnys ou* and has ever been until now.” Mr. Maury was brought up to work on a farm—that university that has Addresses on various occasions, among which are that before the Geo logical and Mineralogical Society of Fredericksburg, in 1S36: that before the Southern Scientific Convention at Memphis in 1S49, on the Pacific Rail way: and that before the American graduated so many grand nnd noble! Geological and Statistical Society in men. Of his education the writer says: “After obtaining such elemcn- | tnry instruction as tho field schools of ohlos appeared New Vork in 1854. 8. In 1S67 a series of School Geogra- consisting of First that period and region afforded young Lessons in Geographv; The World We men. Maury entered Harpeth aend- T< | V(? in for younger 'pupils; Manual of omv. subsequently under the charge, Geography, a complete treatise j i Nasbrnnch who subsequently became n dlrMm-uisbed lawyer In New York" In 1825 Hon. Sam Houston, rh. Of Rev. J. H. Otey (atferwards bishop; mathematical, civil and physical geog- n, Tennessee), assisted by V illinm C. | raphv. in which the natural features of the earth, atmospherical phenomena, nnd animal and vegetable life will be fully treated. This series is designed for Southern u-e and is prepared with ref' -enee to such use. we understand. ' The Charts an 1 t-he Railing Direc tions" ,ir» the riliars of Commodore Maury’s reputation ns a useful man. In this regard h" has surpassed others, and in this his usefulness and reputa- California State line, which company still owns that line. The Central Pacific Company, therefore, owns the line extending from Ogden, Utah, to San Francisco. Cal., and the line from Roseville, Cal., to the Oregon State line. It has a capital stock of $67,- 275.500, par value, c f common stock, and $12,800,000 of prefered slock, all of which is owned by the Southern Pacific Company: and the Southern Pacific Company also has a lease of its line. It was only the line from Ogden to San Francisco, however, which was required bi- the act of Con gress, hereinafter referred to, to be operated In connection, with the Union Pacific. Immediately, however, upon the pur chase of the Southern Pacific Com pany’s stock the Union Pacific began the unification of the two organiza tions and the exercise of a control over the Southern Pacific which" has effected a substantial elimination of competition between these two lines. The Union Pacific and Oregon Short Line have at each annual meeting of the stockholders of the Southern Pa cific Company since 1902 voted a ma jority of the stock represented at such meetings and have elected the direc tors and other officers. For several years last past the Union Pacific and Southern Pacific have had a majority of common directors, the same presi dent, vice-president, director of traffic, director of maintenance and opera tion, secretary, treasurer, comptroller, auditor, legal department, and other chief officials. Whereas formerly the two companies had separate commer cial agents in the pincipal cities throughout the United States, solicit ing traffic over their respective lines, they now have common agents and so licitors who represent the unified Un ion Pacific and Southern Pacific sys tems. While the Union Pacific, through the Oregon Short Line, does not own a majority of the stock of the Southern Pacific, yet it appears by the testimony that its control over it is. for all practical purposes, as absolute as though it owned every share: and it was admitted by Mr. Harriman that the Union Pacific controls the South- enr Pacific. Elimination of Competition. Before the acquisition of its stock by the Union Pacific, the Southern Pacific Company, with its lines of rail consolidation of the Union Pacific and Southern Pacific steamship companies all competition between these steamship lines has been destroyed: and there is some evidence on the record tending to show the im possibility of maintaining an independ ent steamship line running out of anv of these ports without the consent o' and arrangement with a connecting rail carrier. The Santa Fe Company formerly had a line of steamships to the Orient con necting with its road at San Diego, Cal. Under an arrangement with the Pacific Mail Steamship Company for a division of the oriental business brought to this country by that com pany. and the other steamship lines for which the Pacific Mail acts as agent (including, singuiardly. enough, a Japanese line known as the Nippon Yusen Kaisha). this independent Santa Fe line was abandoned. The percen tage of this Oriental traffic allotted to the Santa Fe and the Southern Pacific, respectively, has varied from time to time; but the understanding is that the amount to be delivered' to the Santa Fe shall approximate 25 per cent of the total. This San Diego steamship tine was not a financial suc cess: and it is no doubt the truth that the Santa Fe officials were pleased to be relieved of the burden of its main tenance in return for a not inconsid erable proportion of the- freight brought to San Francisco by the long er established lines. Considerations of National Policy. It is a matter of larger significance that our trade relations with the new ly acquired territory of Hawaii and our Philippine dependencies, to say nothing whatever of the newly awak ened lands on the other side of the Pacific ocean, must depend to no slight decree upon the competitive relations between rail carriers reaching our Pa- cific coast ports. There is a further consideration of national policy arising'out of the his tory of the Union Pacific, the Central PaGI n c - a nii the Southern Pacific roads which distinguishes a, combination of racb^roads. The Urnon Pacific and tho Central Pacific were born out of national sentiment and need. The na- tion felt the necessity for rail connee- tion to its isolated Pacific coast terri tory, and for this purpose, and to an unprecedented degree, piqdged its own credit and donated its. own lands to create a national highway between the Missouri river and the Bav of San Francisco. In every statute passed bv Congress affecting these two roads there is to be found proof of the exist ence of such policy. They were there to be built toward each other—one from the east and the other from the west—and were to form one continu ous line, which was re remain for'ali time available to the business and governmental necessities of our peo ple. Under the act of June 20, 1S7-* “any officer or agent of the compa- nies Central Pacific, Western Paci fic, Union Pacific. Kansas City & Den- ver Pacific) “authorized to construct the aforesaid roads, or of any companv engaged in operating either of said roads, who shall refuse fo operate and use the road or telegraph under his control, or which he is engaged in op erating, for all purposes of communi cation, travel and transportation, so far as the public and the government are concerned, as one continuous line or shall refuse in such operation and use to afford and secure to each of said roads equal advantages and fa cilities as to rates, time,"and transpor tation, without anw discrimination of any kind in favor of. or adverse to, the road or business of any or either of said companies," is deejned guiltv of a misdemeanor and punishable by fine not exceeding $1,000 and by imprison ment of not less than six months. The fact that the t Union Pacific and Cen tral Pacific companies were thereafter separately reorganized under the laws of Utah and acquired these lines docs not relieve them from the public obli gations imposed by the acts of Con gress. (Union Pacific Railroad C'om- of Salt Lake. AbOlit 324 miles of this was main line, running from Sale Lake to Caliente, Nev.; the rest was branches. -Many years before, the pre decessor of said Oregon Shqrt Line, having in contemplation an extension of its line of road to the southwest, had acquired rights of way in the State of Nevada, upon which a small amount of grading had been done; but the construction of said line had been abandoned, said grading had gone to decay, and the right of way so obtain ed had been for years sold for taxes. At the time Clark and his associates commenced the construction of their road there was no competiion for traf fic in and out of southern California as against the»Southern Pacific, ex cept such, competition as was main tained by the Santa Fe. The San Pedro and Salt Lake road was pro jected as an independent competitive line with the expectation that it would exchange business at Salt Lake City with 'the Union Pacific system and with the Denver and Rio Grande-Mis- souri Pacific system, thus making in effect two new overldnd routes from the Mississippi river to Los Angeles. Mr. Clark and his associates began by acquiring tax titles and such other titles as could be obtained to the old grade of the Oregon Short Line and other abandoned rights of way and by relocating right of way for themselves. These abandoned rights of way were partly situated in a mountain canyon in the State of Nevada, known as the Meadow Valley Wash. This canyon is about 100 miles in length. Survey ing parties were also put at work locating a lino from Salt Lnke toward the west: and other surveying parties were put at work locating a line through the Cajon Pass, in California, and thence to the northeast in the State of Nevada, and that portion of the line beween Los Angeles, Cal., and Riverside, Cal., was constructed. At this stage the Oregon Short Line claiming to be the successor of the former owners of*the right of way and grade through the Meadow Valley Wash, instituted legal proceedings to assert this ownership as against the Clark line. It is a fair inference that this was done for the purpose of pre venting the construction by Clark and his associates of a line competitive with the Southern Pacific system. The' Short Line also began the construction of a line leading toward the Meadow Valley Wash from its line in southern Utah, and threatened, in case Clark and his associates were successful in constructing a line of railway from Salt Lake to San Pedro, to parallel said road throughout. In this contest between the Short Line and tho Clark road the canyon known as the Meadow Valley Wash appears to have been a strategic point of vital importance. It was possible, but not practicable, to construct two lines of railway through this can yon. After some months of the above and additional litigation, Mr. Clark and his associates abandoned their purpose of constructing and maintain ing an independent competitive line. A settlement and agreement was made between -William A. Clark, representing the San Pedro Company, and Edward H. Harriman, representing the Oregon Short Line and Union Pacific. A pre- liminaary contract. dated June 7. 1903. This final contract was between Wil liam A. Clark, Edward H. Harriman, and the Farmers’ Loan and Trust Com pany. The trust company was to hold the stock of the San Pedro Company and act as trustee. The substance of this agreement was that he Oregon Short Line conveyed its 512 miles of railway south of Salt Lake to the San Pedro Company was capitalied atz $25,000,000, one half of the stock there of. belonging to the Oregon Short Line Company and the other half to Clark and his associates. The stock was deposited with the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company as trustee. Shares were to be issued to proposed directors in order to qualify them, and trustees’ certificates for the remaining shares were to be issued to William A. Clark, trustee, and Edward H. Harriman. trustee, by the trust company. In sub stance, the trust agreement provided that Mr. Harriman and Mr. Clark wero^ to agree upon a board of direc tors. If they should fail to agree, each was ;to nominate one-haif of the board and the trustee was to iossue a proxy to some person or attorney to vote the shares for the persons so nominated. Article III. Each party hereto mutually coven ants and agrees to and with the other that after the adoption and putting in force of rates as provided by Article II hereof, neither of them shall or will change any such rates without the consent of the other party hereto un less such change may be made neces sary in order to • meet the rates. , their meeting, charges, classifications, or tariffs, of ! any other company or competing line , of railroad or to conform to the final j decree or judgment of some court of ! competent jurisdiction, or some lawful ; and valid requirement of State or na- j I tlonal law. ! It is claimed by the Southern Pacific j Company that these articles relate I only to traffic local to the State of [ California and the contract was not, therefore. In violation of tho laws of the United States; but in our opinion this contract can not be so construed; Since the hearing in this matter this traffic contract has been abrogated and canceled by the Southern Pacific Company and the San Pedro, Los An geles and Salt Lake Railroad Company and notice there of given to the com mission. The ground of such can cellajion, as stated by the counsel of the company," Is that the Legislature of California at its last session enacted a statute prohibiting contracts in rc straint of competition, and that the validity of said contract would be open to question upon the taking effect of said act. Miss Vera Colli teran.-\” by Mi. n Cunningham. Thf* chorus was composed of Mrs. B. H. Askew. J. M. Gidden. Earl Askew. Dr. Riley and S. Bonuchamp, and their spnjjs were much enjoyed. The com mander was Wra. Ray, and adjutant, W. I. Horsley. It was a Mg day in Colquitt and one long to be remembered. The town was full of young people, who seemed t<» ke deep interest in the old vets and eet next summer Prohibition Passed (Continued from page 1.) 5J T; PARIS,. July IS.—It came as a sur prise a few days ago when the famous name of Ouida (Louise de la Ramee) appeared on the British civil list as the recipient of a pension of $750 a year. It is a greater shock to learn that the once brilliant novelist has fallen upon evil fortunes, and now, a venerable lady of 67 years, often is literally short of tho bare necessities of life. The Florence correspondent of the Paris Daily Mail sends a pathetic story of the recent life of Mile, de ia Ramee. Only two years ago Ouida oc cupied a splendid villa at St. Alessio Lucia, where she was, known as “the lady of the dogs,” as she invariably had a large number around her. On one occasion she gathered up all of the dogs at Lucia, and gave them milk, bread and meat, paying a big 'oil! fer this canine banquet at the very time when, on several occasions, she her self had been. so pressed for money that she went without food for whole days. Frequently her servant had to appeal to the owner of the villa f ir food for her mistress. The proprietor of the villa eventual ly turned Ouida out of the house. The novelist brought suit and won her case in three courts, but the legal experi ence still further depleted her slender purse. She took a smaller villa, but again her lack of practical knowledge got her into financial difficulties, and one night she found herself on the sea shore, with only dogs for her compa ny. Her maid took Ouida to her moth er’s cottage at Monti, where the nov elist remained for some months, hav ing during the night on the seashore contracted a cold, which impaired her health generally and caused the loss of the sight of one eye and a difficulty in hearing. In February last Ouida took rooms at the Hotel Viareggio. where she stay ed till Saturday last when, financial stress again overtaking her, she again had to have recourse to the hospitality of her former maid’s mother at the vil lage of Massarosa. Here she now is living. Roland Ellis Arbitrator. ATLANTA. Ga., Juh - 13.—-Comptrol ler General W. A. Wright today re ceived notice that the Southern Rail way has appointed Hon. Roland Ellis of Macon as its arbitrator in the met- ter of Its tax returns, while the At lantic Coast line has appointed as its representative Judge S. B. Adams, of Savannah. Tho Southern’s return was increased by tho comptroller general from $14,800,000 to $26,500,000 and the Coast Line was put up from $12 S0O,- 000 to $22,500,000. It is probable Rail road Commissioner O. B. Stevens wil. he designed to represent the State in these arbitrations. Mrs. Sumlin Held Fort With Gu«t.-. ATLAXTA, July 13.—R. F. O’Shields who holds a deed to a 100 foot lot on Hoiderness street, near Lucile avenue, sent q force of workmen there today to build a fence on’ the lot. When they arrived they found Mrs. Lizzie Sumlin. a determined looking woman, camped on the lot, shotgun in hond. She expressed her intention of hold ing the fort against all invaders and the carpenters went away. Mr. O'Shields took up the matter in a jus tice court with a view to ejecting Mrs. Sumlin. and the bailiff who served the paper cautiously approached the woman until he could catch hold of the * gun and take it way from her. Thca he served the paper. He also found the gun was empty, Mrs. Sumlin agreed to go to court, but left her son in charge to keep off trespassers un til her return. pany v. Mason City &- Fort Dodge! San Pedro Companv. from Tennessee. r midshipman's i Stales Navy. , academy, and learned on ship-: member of Congres obtained for Maury, warrant in the Uni There was no navr navigation had to b board. Beginning a Career. An interesting narrative follows how a youth . f 19. with only $30. the prioe of his assistance ns teacher In the academe, made Ills wav to his rel atives In Virginia: saw for the first time little Ann Herndon, his cousin, after nine venrs ins wife: how on ship board he chalked diagrams in spherical trigonometry on the round shot in the quarter-deck racks, to study while pacing to and fro on hi? watch: how he set about learning Spanish to get advantage of the only text hook in his reach on navigation. Of course he got on. being transferred from the Brandy wine to the Vincennes he went on a cruise round the world. During this he not only got ready for his examina tion, hut prepared and soon after pub lished a set of !ur.ar tables. On succeeding voyages he hegan his study of the low barometer a: Cape] Horn, and on finding no suitable charts his studv of winds and currents, whi h led finally to ills ''Physical Geography of the Rea." and his ''Railing Direc- i tii-ns." by which voyages of 124 days to) Australia shortened to 97 days, a”d others much In the some ratio H:s •■first born." a-, he called it. was a of tion will be permanent. Here he stands pre-eminent, without a peer in Amer- ! ica and little chance of rivalry abroad. ■ Physical Geoqraphy of the Sea. Commodore Maury appears to con- j sider the "Physical Geography of the i Rea" as his magnum opus—as. in some 1 parr, the cream of all his researches and other labors. A< said before. Maury went to Mex- i ico after the Civil War. thinking many ; Confederates would flock thither, hut in a little while he went to England and 1 remained until 186S. Louis Napoleon Railroad Company, J99 u. S., 169.), — ..... ,., nuc and steamships, was engaged in com-| The Union Pacific was therefore guar- tween the Oregon Short Line, the Un petition with the Union Pacific for | anteed. without purchase, a connee- : ion Pacific, and the San Pedrn ™m. traffic moving between the Atlantic seaboard and oriental ports. Through their several connections by rail these | to_ any other connection, there lines were also engaged in com petition for traffic from practically all points east of the Missouri river be tween the Great Lakes and the Gulf HiWl | „ ouul of Mexico. From Atlantic seaboard ! the Missouri, river, and the develop-I of road other‘than those enumerated Buffalo and Pitta- | ment of its resources; and to this end in the agreement. It was also provi- it was determined to procure the con- : ded that ‘ struction » of a transcontinental li: st. whether moving by the! and to maintain it as a free, open, and 1 should” be given each to the other by including the Union and] continuous line of communication con- the contracting parties; business mov- necting with all railroads reaching ing between points on the San Pedro Council Bluffs on the east, so that the i line in Utah and points on the Short public should have the benefit of A further agreement was made' be- —refore guar- tween the Oregon Short Line, the Un- Pfifchase, a connec- ; ion Pacific, and the San Pedro com- tion "'ith the Central Pacific upon : panies, by which, among other things, terms as favorable as might be given jit was agreed that the San Pedro and n ' an3 i_ other connection. | Short Line companies should not in- i n, In tae . canstr fi c tion of t'licsq roads vade each other's territory northward P e ° p, ° had in view the protect inn and southward, respectively, from Salt of the frontier in time of war. the set- ' Lake City, by building or aiding in tha tlement of a great wilderness west of 1 building of any main or branch lines such energy ever fail? After, offered to place him at the h-’ad of tho impcrial ohservatoi-y at 'Paris. Maury refused this offer, but returned to America and accepted the chair of physics in_ the Virginia Military Insti tute at Lexington. Mr. Trent says: "Here patriotic to the last, he devoted ■himself to a study of the physical re sources and needs of his native State. He is plainly the best known scientist produced by *he O’d South, and as his pen was constantly in u*e he deserves 1 a place among important Southern writers.” He died in Lexington. Va. February 1. 1878. He had during his j lifetime written on the inter-oceanic i nu! navigation, of the Amazon river territory burg rates, have generally been the same upon business destined to the Pacific c all-rail l Central Pacific, or moving by rail to an Atlantic port, thence by water to New Orleans and Galveston, and thence by Southern Pacific rails to Los Angeles. San Francisco, or Port land. Rates from this same Atlantic seaboard territory on traffic moving hv the Southern Pacific steampships and its rai! connections to Colorado common points have likewise been the same as on traffic carried by rail over the Union Pacific iines to such points. - and of such traffic there is a great as principal transcontinental line abd increasing volume. It is doubt- 1 10 and ^ rol u the Pacific coast: and th rainst the interchange of traffic competitors preference COLQUITT, Ga., July 12.—-Yesterday was a great gala day in Colquitt, Miller County. An immense crowd from all the surrounding counties had gathered for a recreation. The crops were good, and clean, and everybody wanted a holiday, and everybody took it. The occasion was the meeting of the Aldington Veterans’ Association. This association is a large one. and its mem bers preserve records of the old comrades. The whole town of Colquitt met the old veterans at the depot, nearly a mile from the court house. The parade formed at the depot at II o’clock a. m. and the little girls, under the supervision of Airs. R. E. Cowdry and Mrs. C. C. Bush. led the procession to the court house. Mu sic was furnished by the Colquitt Band. The old veterans presented a touching picture, so many of them in Kne of march. A beautiful Confederate battle flag was presented to the association by Miss Bush. Hon. B. B. Bush delivered the welcome address and James Callaway, of Tho Ma con Telegraph, responded in behalf of the association. The orator of the dby was Hon. Ben E. Rusell. introduced by Mr. B. C. Andrews. Ben Rusell is tho "old war horse" of the Second Congressional District, and al ways entertains his audience. He went into the Confederate army at 15 years of ape as a drummer boy. but lie soon seized the gun. and %vas in ail the big battles of the Virginia army. Hq has never become a convert to Thos. Watson’s "Referendum." nor to his “Government ownership of railroads.' 1 nor to any of those new suggestions that will! put the South at the mercy of tiie North i and West. He is the oid-time Democrat. I wanting our people to stand for State I rights, and as Senator Bacon would Negro Shot Wife and Seif. ATLANTA. July 13—John Lindsay, a negro of 23 Davis street, fatallj wounded his wife' this morning b\ shooting her in the head and then put a bullet into his own brain resulting in his instant death. Tho ten-months' old baby looked on innocently while the tragedy was enacted. It was found that the shooting was the result of a quarrel between Lindsay and his wife in which she refused to return with him to their former home in Pike county. The Pure Food Law. ATLANTA, July 13.—The State De partment of Agriculture is rapidb getting in shape for the administra tion of the pure food law which was passed at the last session of the gen eral assembly, and which becomes ef fective August 1, next. P. A. Methvin. who was appointed pure food inspector, has already begun the work of familiarizing himself with his duties under the. new law, ’ though his work and his salajy do not begin until the first of next month. Already there have been twenty- five registrations with the depart ments by firms or individuals who manufacture mixed cattle and stofck feed, the law requiring these registra tions the same as in the case of fer tilizer manufacturers. Inspection Stamps have been printed and the de partment is ready to supply them to. and desiring them. The inspection fee • on these mixed cattle feeds is 20 cents per ton. It is expected to de rive from this source sufficient income to pay the expenses of the administra tion of the new law. Three will be appointed under the law two or three chemists whose duty it will be to make examinations of these stock feeds, as weil as mixed foods of all kinds which are offered for sale in the State. Where are article of food comes un der the supervision of and jurisdiction of the national pure food law, report of it will be made by the Georgia in spectors to the Federal officials hav ing charge of tho matter. The Geor gia law, however, applies to all arti- cies of food which are manufactured and sold within the limits of the State while the national law covers cases of interstate shipments. Knell of “Befo’ Day” Clubs. ATLANTA. July 13.—The death of “Befo' Day” and “Starlight” clubs or ganized by negroes principally in the country districts, has been sound ed by the Georgia Legislature. The general agriculture committee of the House has passed favorably by a practically unanimous vote, the bill by Air. AIcDonald of Alarion, re quiring all secret societies with tho exception of college fraternities to ob tain a license from the ordinary o county commissioners of the.county in which it proposes to do business, af ter giving bond in the sum of $1,000 to $20,000. with approved resident sureties, the approval to rest within the discretion of the officers named. In speaking of the bill. Air. AIc- Alichael, the author, said “There's* a member of this House who could tell how the murderer of hi.s wife was shielded from the officers of the law through the activities of one of these negro societies. Their influence is baneful, and this bill leaving large discretion to the ordinaries and coun ty commissioners as to the accept ance of the bonds, will weed them say: “Magnify the State now. as the I out." It is generally believed that the bill will go through without any diffi culty. , State Depositories. ATLANTA, July 13.—Represen ta- Worth, po- designation of - . „ - -- -| Line and Union Pacific and their cw-i , C r tinU ? U f °S, trans P° rta t>°n from nections was to be forwarded exclu- ’‘' ppa f t to r,e Pac " lflc G .oast unham-| sively over the Short Line and Union e-«bfr, b Ls' Zlfi ^ 5? para ff °' vn - 'Pacific. The San Pedro Company I e.ship nnd control of these lines of! covenanted also to contract with the 1 JfJi • * ac t that most ; southern Pacific Company to in the of the lines of railway reaching Coun cil Bluffs and Omaha were constructed with the view of connecting at the? points with the Union Pacific rallro Til rk on navigation, lord in England, t book of the i'n:' his return from a its in Tennessee he a stage coach and •d r which was well and canal navigation and became ‘be fact, was a student o "(t Stares Ne'-y. which pertain to the tributaries, to many of “as shed mger -.e ca in i bis pa ri :be top ide lame. • he wrote end fern Literary adirg period:'- raps from a 't reference to attracted so > '.v c ; at in sttruments attentio: insight of the ; these w in general—in f all matters ocean and its 'rich subjects less true the competition wihch pre viously existed was not as complete as if the Union Pac : flc had a line of its own into San FTancisco. in-tead of turning traffic over to the Central Pacific a’ Ogden. For a!! this traffic there exists a: r.resent no actual eom- netitton between the Union Pacific and th.- Southern Pacific lines. Prior to the enactment of the inter state commerce law the Union Pacific ar.d Southern Pacific belonged to what was known as the Transcontinental Pool, in which each was regarded as 1 was firs' aroused by his k. into questions far in advance .ge in which he lived. I take ords. with which I conclude, from 'Maury's Life.” written by Atrs. Afv object in the nrenaration threw into any work he undertook h'. Corbin of this biography is to establish the elrrim of it^ subieet to a p'ac- -•nong the greate-; benefactors of his race. youth of h man may might have endeavored fitly to show how Persisted in the path of duty even when led to poverty nnd exile: how he government has. perhaps, a pe 1 obligation to maintain the freedom of this line. In no other portion of the country is the Federal Government expending such large sums for purposes of de velopment as in this great "Western region tributary to the Union Pacific and the Southern Pacific, and in no other part of the United States is the commerce of the country dependent j ^ a d‘as '"tbiiowsV upon so few railways covering so vast a territory and controlled by so few men; and in no part of the United Siates could such control have sueii far-reaching effect. The body of trans continental and foreign commerce through Pacific ports has grown *o first instance adopt as Its own rates all lawful rates used *by the Southern : Pacific for handling local traffic which was or might be subject to competi tion between the Southern Pacific and id tn^ th e San Pedro Company, and also to vnnar CO nt r a C t that thereafter neither parti- should change said rates without the consent of the other party, unless it was made necessary in order to meet the rates of another competing line of railroad. , To carry out this agreement a con tract was made between the Southern Pacific Company and Company, articles II and III of which Federal Government has been magnified for 50 years, and the States minimized." j Ben Russell says he could shout for | the old Fourth of July with a ferver of , feelins not even known in anet-bellum I days, if the North would' repeal the l fifteenth amendment—put there as a hu- ! miliation of the Southern people—and as | much the mother of the “negro problem' i as the high tariff is the mother of the j “trusts.” Colquitt and the veterans of Miller County had prenared a big barbecue, and j it fed bountifully tile multitude. ; After dinner, the association, about .8 o'clock, convened in the court house and I treat was in store for them in the wav , . . . . .... of recitations and songs and music " ! best rate of interest is to be awarded the deposits, after having given the required bond. Under the present plan State depositories are designat ed by the Governor, and deposits of county funds usually go into the State depositories aiotig with State funds. tive Claude Payton poses to remove the State depositories from the field of politics. His bill proposes that each county advertise for banks as deposi tories of Stale and county funds, which will pay the highest rate of in terest. Whichever bank offers the ongs and mu? The old veterans' parade was recited by Miss Wyolene Nance. Recitation—“Shall We Change the STOCKHOLDERS RECEIVING COPIES OF PETITION Copies of the petition asking for a receiver by the directors of the Ex change Bank stockholders able the stockholders to act more telligently at the meeting next Thurs day. beloved country, how a both great and good mind^ and pure in heart. I enormous proportions, and its encour- Southern Company thaf it will, " '" he . agement and development is of vital I the execution of this agreement, adopn interest to the American peo ' Article II. In partial consideration of the said covenants and agreements of the said Southern Company, contained in Arti cle I hereof, said San Pedro Company hereby covenants and agrees with said upon _ _ Three new buildings will be ready the' San" Pedro | for tf, e opening of school ih the fall at Union Church. Ocmulgee and Holly Grove. The patrons of those districts are highly pleased as the buildings will fill a long-felt need. Big Cotton Campaign. m , , .. _ ... , ATLANTA, July 13.—President" were mailed to all of the | jjarvie Jordan and General Agent E. yesterday. This will en- D gmith of the South(;;rn Cotton As- I sociation have laid plans for a big I cotton campaign throughout the cot- j ton belt, including Georgia, Alabama, j Alississippi and Texas. The campaign | will open up the last of July and will | continue for two months. President Jordan and' Air. Smith will advocate i the slow moving of this year's crop, and every possible effort towards ad vancing the price of the staple. WILL ERECT THREE NEW COUNTRY SCHOOL BUILDINGS CLOUD BURST DID GREAT DAMAGE TO VICKSBURG. VICKSBURG, Miss., July 13.—This city and surrounding country suffered greatly by a cloudburst which struck It is stated by a director that after here early today. Nearly every bridge UNION SAVINGS BANK IN SPLENDID CONDITION 1 print, publish, and put in force at all a careful going over of the affairs of; the Union Savings Bank the assets exceed the deposits by over $150,000, heart, ard how, after a lit exceptional fidelity to earthly obliga as a Christian philosoDher. he e It is claimed by the Union Pacific j points upon its leased, owned, or oper- not taking into consideration a single s that the principal reason for acquiring ' ated railroad, for the handling of local . piece of naner upon which there could in the city and county was washed away. The flood carried away one house. The Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad reports 3.400 feet of at t and to demonstrate especially to the 1 met and triumphed over death." cf the Southern Pacific was to obtain Central Pacific connection from Ogle to San Francisco. If is undoubted! business thereon, the lawful iff?, classifications, and charges used i by said Southern Company for be he next lightest doubt of realizing kholders will hold a meeting turday to decide upon the fu- . true that this is a desirable connection 1 handling of any local business which 1 ture policy of the institution. 1 track washed away a few miles below i Vicksburg and traffic over this j s : at a standstill. Outside of the cost to ! the railroad, the storm damage tn this ‘city and county i s at least $150,000. "4/ .1 indistinct print