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FRIDAY, JUNE SI, 110?, THE TWICE-A-WEEK TELEGRAPH V>- FACTS REGARDING ed by railroads, who un;il the end of make a pledge in advance as to what I . resolution was introduced by a Re- from Alabama. The story runs that their lives will be largely dependent may or may not do as their Represen- ' publican Senator to re-seat the ne- j Pugh did not look with special favor . ta ., ve j, p C3 pi e whose suffrages groes.^ That sterling Democrat. Sena-| on Pettus for the place, and told him I seek have not. from their knowledge tor " - T. Winn, thus commenced his ; that he was too old to be a judge, of my general character, sufficient • speech against the proposition: j Pettus replied to the effect that if sucli confidence to bel'eve that I will hon- "Mr. President: The Senator, since i was Pugh's idea he would run for the estly and faithfully represent their ■, the expulsion of the negro, looks like j Senate, and beat him. Pettus was wishes and interests, then vote against Patience on a monument smiling at j elected, and has continued to hold the me: hut if they have such confidence. . grief. He wants that delicious aroma position. Pettus had been frequently upon the public, cither throug.u indi viduals or institutions for the support of the indigent. Few railroads main tain a system of railroad policing. The Pennsylvania is probably as w< -II po liced as any American road, but never- ; the less, is able to arrest only a small number of the trespassers that at ai! times are illegally using the Pennsyl vania tracks. The Chicago. Burling ton and Quincy has no organized force. The Chicago and Northwestern main tains special officers and watchmen in At the National Conference of Charities and Corrections at Minneap olis. Mr. O. F. Lewis, of New York, said on Friday June 14. that more va- g-ants nre killed every yea-* on Amer ican railroads than the combined to- large cities and at terminals, tals of passengers and trainmen kill- The Chicago. Rock Island and Pad- , ed. Nor do the«e sfrlking figures fle has a regular police force and; show signs of decreasing from year to special officers and watchmen at the j •year. Thousands of vagrants use j larger stations. One special agent, American railroads as an easy means does all the police work on the road , of t-ansportation from city to city or for the Wisconsin Central. On the mate to State. American vagrants ! Lake Shore Railroad it is found im- ire not pedestrians. In five years possible to even undertake to regulate! from l?di to HiOS. 24.000 trespassers trespassing. on American rail-cads in Tn.- railroads make varied suggestion w'th 16 0.1 employes and ; looking to the reduction of th use of railroads by vagrants i Muntifr/te T*’ H \tAlr*hfT rtf *h I should be extremely hapnv for them,' 0 needful to his comfort, to manifest it at the ballot box on j ‘Like the vase in which roses have Monday next ” This declaration had : once been distilled the true ring and the people apnre- ! You may hreak. you may ruin the vase ciated the candor and frankness of the’ if )' ou will. man. Mr. Warner was re-elected by ; But the scent of the roses will hang a large majority. ; round it still.’" Objection being raised to the re- Here is another characteristic story concerning this eminent Georgian. Judge Warner was then presiding over the Coweta circuit, some time prior to 3S40. A feud existed in Murrnv Coun tv between the B'shop and the anti- Risbop factions. There was great ex citement among the neonle. The Bish- 4-nrn If 1' T P f I OH AITf rjCUJl ir.ll'-iua HI l 1 i:»* rililiu.n if* urnivr •■u.'.u jh j...- i . .... _ . . * with 16 0.1 employes and I looking to the reduction of the illegal K>P forces were unwilling for the judge comparison ivlthi 16.00 empio> ,s nnu . by vagrantP . General | of them circuit, the Cherokee, to Irv a' niy -• ! , Monoirpr V n \TMohrr r>f *hp Ghlcaso Imsp in rohlrh fhpv n'Prp marks, the President declared them • personal and they were ruled out of i order. When the Legislature met In XS70. a military court-martial, acting under the revolutionary arid despotic recon struction laws, ousted Senator Winn. I He was declared ineligible to his seat because he had let some Confederate soldiers have a supply'of beef. or Injured er rh year. They pot 3 ff fairs while in motion, and suffer In life or limb. Othe-s fail off w hen asleep. Tt would he difficult to cafhi-r reliable statlctics on this point, because a large percentage of the fr-i-nns reported ps killed on the rail roads are reallv murdood. Men re- -urnine from the harvest fields with ■ ciei- wages are killed ftheir money by their more virions and criminal fel lows. the body is flung from the fain whip* motion mid the reported death by railroad casualty Is actually a case ..f homielde.” Prfs'de the Pennsylvania railron •he 900 vaamnta arrested for t-es- paselng ip lfiPS Is only a small propor tion of the total number of vagrants rors’antiv ’traveling over* lhat road. Op the Pere JTarouette vagrants steal rld-s to a considr-able extent, and many injuries and some deaths re sult annually. On the C. B. & Q. vagrants ride trains. s*op trains. pilTer <nd burn ties and car floors. This railroad is troubled bv vagrants, t e- .-ulia-Iy on the main lines at certain times of the year. The Chicago, Rock Island & Pa- -ifis la m-'re or less troubled as i= e.’so the Iowa Central. Th- tpi-M, Central finds it hard to determine accurately »he number who sual rides, loiter around stations and tramp along the tracks. On the Michigan Cent'nl tramps open cars, steal rides and also s'eal goods from the oars, rhe Nr .o -n Po'-lfio is (im-h or l°ss t-oub!eri. The Wisconsin Central re ports less trouble than formerly, when several years ago during t.he harvest season there were migrations of tramps. On • the Chicago & North (Ve.Vem vagrants arc a very con-id- ereble nuisance. The tracks are lined with vagrants who refuse to leave the ears; they assault train crews and »ten] considerable from cars at cta- :ions. The expenses attendant upon their arrest are considerable The principal reason for the large number of vagrants is a lack of co ape ration between the rallfoads and the towns and cities along the rail roads. in proseou'lng and convicting trespassing vagrants. Ttr.i 1 roads wish to put the vagrants off at lien.- sta tions. while towns are generally un willing to stand the expense of pro«-e- coMon and maintenance of vagrants, who have no claim upon thit town. The Chicago & Northwestern has practically no co-orerpt'on vvlth town police or other railroad companies. The Chicago. Rock Island and Pacific Ins co-onerafion only exceptionally. This is also the case with the Illinois Central. P-evident Hill of the Great Northern reports that "with few exceptions the local communities do nor. assist the railroad companies hi checking the tramp nuisance. In not h few cages actual encouragement is given to those who p-ey on railroad property. In eases where tram ns have broken Into cars and were caught In the net of stealing, the local ruthorlMes have de clined to take action. They declare jthat it is not their bu-tpe-q to pros ecute suits for the railroad company, and the thief eseanes. An effective remedy must bogin with m-operation between the railroad and the authorities of every communi ty through which it passes. There should he as prompt prosecution of the offender f'-'ii.^t a railroad as against nn individual. There should lie no more sus-ended sentences on account of leaving town. There should be confinement at hard labor for a fixed term far every tramp. It Is now th" almost universal cus- Itom for the officers /before whom va- Jgrants are brought in pettv cases to korder them to leave town within twen- fty-four hours. This rule merelv passes n-pn on to the npxt village or town. ;whieh ■repeats *he command. When nil its neighbors are doing the same .thing the community receives exactly as much refuse as it gets rid of. Most of those orde-ed to movp on take the ra'Iroad. which is made the chief suf ferer by this policy. Along the Chicago. Burlington and Quincv the town officers In small cities sometime' even put vagrants on passing freight trains. On the Big Four line some town authorities warn vagrants not to get off trains, but to i keep moving. The cost to railroads of vagrants JnluTed or . rion'ed varies very much. The gen era i claim agent of the Chi- j cago and Northwestern reports that per e-nt of people kill In this country are tresna claim agent of anv erne of railroad record of th* States soldiers. The judge was shm ing when a communication was hand- on or j utes really encourage the some tracks — -- -- Chica-o. Rock Island and Pacific In kill- ; ed to him from Captain Buffington, of ing and injuring passenger* is only an! the army, stationed in Tennessee. He r - " "of this country I t**e railroa President Hill, of the Great Northern sayi the only penalty that can wipe out nr sensibly reduce vagrancy is enforced labor as work is more dreaded than ai* the other terrors of the law. If every tramn were sentenced, under penalty of a diet of bread and water, to wdrfc hard before he passed along, the end would be in sight." General Manager F- B. Harriman. of the Illinois Central, recommends the TcCrea of! prompt enforcement of statutes author- ports that I izing the arrest and punishment of va grants and persons Improperly upon trains. The railroads cannot compel th" enforcement of laws without incurring much expense. The Iowa Central believes that there is already amply law regard ing vagrancy and trespass; but greater co-operation from country and munic ipal authorities in enforcin ’ present laws would be of benefit to all concerned. The Chicago and Northwestern believes that trespass laws should' be enforced for the b-nefit of corporations ns strictly as for the benefit of individuals. The Delaware and Hudson makes the valuable suggestion that the cost of pros ecution and maintenance of vagrant- should be State charge instead of a town charge. Many of the railroads reeom- many funny things happen- that remarka- sword rule tism—when tyranny seat of De- gions of car- State. Here introduced in the House by Representative Phillips, of Echols: "Resolved. That the publication which appears in the New Era of this morning that the Hon. was drunk on yesterday, is infamously false, and it is due to the country and to this House that it be so branded, and should meet with the prompt con- had repaired to Spring Place for the purpose of enabling the judge of the Superior Court to execute the laws of Georgia, and tendering him hts own services and that of his command The judge, immediateiv calling fo- writ’ng material, renlled to Capt. Buf fington’s letter, assuring him, that however highlv- he might annreclatp the motives which induced Col. Lind sey to order Capt. Buffington and ’his command to that place, to enable the lodge of the Superior Court to execute there existed any necessity for his ser vices. or that of his- soldiers: that Georgia was abundantly able to execute her own laws: and that so far i . _ as that duty devolved upon hjm on me tel1 Y°u regarding one who figured importuned to be a candidate for the Senate, hut would never consent to of fer for this, or anv other political po sition. saving he did not care to hold political office, as soliciting the suf frages of the people was repugnant to him. If Senator Pugh, had been dis posed to help Pettus for the judgeship Pettus would never have aspired to the Senatorship. Senator Pettus is S6 years old. Senator Morgan would have b^en S3 on the 20th day of this month. rious officials, with the exception of; to understand that It would have a the pages, are each paid four dollars j fight on its hands if it interfered with per day. The pages receive a per j the South. The snake was represented diem of two dollars. For the past (generally with thirteen rattles; some- fourteen years the position of post- i times it was coiled, and sometimes de master of the House has been filled j plcted stretched on a ting of thirteen by a lady. Prior to that time the j alternate red and white or red and blue office was held by a man. The stripes On, ,f the most Interesting change was made by the late Gover- j speeches X ever read was delivered by nor W. Y. Atkinson, in 1392. when he the great Massachusetts Senator. Chas. was elected Speaker. There was a Sumner, In New York. In 1S67. entitled very deserving but poor young lady who was endeavoring to work her way. es a student, through the Geor gia Normal and Industrial college, nt Milledgevllle. . Speaker Atkinson sought to help her in this noble pur- "Are We a Nation?" In the course of his remarks on the history of the American flag, lie said: “There i- a curious episode of the national Hag. whiih is not wi' -out its nose by rt£>pointing her postmaster of j value. As far hack as 17.74. iBenjamin Fifty years ago. while Senators Morgan and Pettus were riding in a coach the vehicle overturned, and the tendons in the bottom of one of his feet were broken. Later, the same foot sustained a severe hurt., and in ronse- ouence of this double Injury Senator Morgan was unable to take exercise. Senator Pettus remarked a day or sc ago that if Senator Morgan could have taken exercise he .would have lived to an old age. He regarded the Senator's death at four score and three years as premature. That two men of the ex treme age of Senators Morgan and Pettus should have represented the same State, and have hailed from the same town, is exceedingly remarkable Senator Morgan's remains renose by the side of thos e *of William R. King, who wajs the first Senator from Ala bama being elected ih 1S19. and serv demnation- of all lovers of good whisky until 1S44. Mr. King was again in the -present Genera] Assembly." e.ected ’n .! 4S and served to 1S52 His A published account says the reso lution provoked a lively discussion, and was then withdrawn. The name of the alleged intoxicated member was incorporated in the resolution, but I have left it blank. X have been writing about the ne groes of the reconstruction era. Let that occasion he expected to have no difficulty in doing it without his as sistance. The account goes on to say that in '••sk than thirty minutes after th" -eceipt of the communication the sol- i'ers. under the command of Captain Buffington, were- on their march t'- *beir quarters in Tennessee. Severs' mend that vagrants be put in chalngutg? j*’ anti-Bishop party implored th on the public roads. The M.-h'glil Cen tral. believes there should be more ade quate trespass laws. The facts presented by Mr. Lewi which lie has gathered by correspondenc from leading officials of the different rail roads show conclusively that the va grancy question is a serious one, not alone to the railroads, but to society. Be cause the cost to society Is so indirect end not generally observed by the public, neople in genera! have been Indifferent to the fact that vagrancy Is a -rea financial drain upon towns, counties an States. During the coming year effort will he made throughout the country to -niist the co-operation of railroads. State Boards of Chnrilies. local charitable cieties and individuals in obtaining more adequate trespass laws and more quate enforcement of these laws. Th number of unnecessary vagrants is not known, but It is probably very large There seems to be. in general, some kind of work for every able-bodied man will Ing to work. Even in England, where the nuestion of tile unemployed is so pressing it Is estimated by competent authorities t;-i t net ovtr 3 pe- cent of the wayfare-.* are 1 pueat unemployed workmen se being work. ismiigiM ®nn Hike Wnimg! By JOHN T. BOIFEUILLET. Of late we have been hearing much about the Bull'och ancestry of President Roosevelt. Governor Archibald Bulloch was the first man who read the Dec- 'aration of Independence to an audi ence in' Georgia. When Mr. Bulloch was elected to the Executive chair In this Slate, in 177$. the commander of the Continental troops posted a senti nel at his dcor as a protection. Thi was not pleasing to the Governor, and he requested that the guard be' re moved, saving: “I act for a free people, in whom I have the most entire con fidence. and I wish to avoid, on all occasions, the appearance of ostenta tion." The first tJnlted States Senator from Georgia became the Mayor of New York city. William Few was the gen tleman. He entered the Senate in 1789. serving four years. Later, he was ap pointed a judge. His health falling him 'n 1799 he removed with his family to New Y.irk. and In time was chosen Mayor, and held other Important offices in the Metropolis. He was also a mem ber of the Legislature of the State of New York. He represented Georgia in the convention that met in PhiladeL xhia. in May. 1787. for forming the Constitution of the United States. It. is generally known that old Fort Hawkins, which stood so long In East Macon, was named after Colonel Ben iamin Hawkins, but perhaps some per sons may not know that the renowed French General Moreau when an exile In America, visited Colonel Hawkins eit'.ier at Fort Hawkins or at the Creek agency in Crawford County, and afte nidge not to send the soldiers away *'oe women cried, and said they woui" all be. killed, the court could not b- held. etc. When the time arrived fo- opening the court, the sheriff ms re- 'uctant to go to the court house say- ’’vr. that he was co-taln he would he protected, took him by the arm. walk ed to the house, opened court, and during the term tr'ed Bishop and oth er important criminal cases, growing out of the Murray countv difficulties without the least disturbance. This question was asked me yes terday: "What caused the organiza tion of 'The Methodist Episcopal church. South?’ I will admit frankly that I am not well informed on the subject, and may not give the correct reply, but in my opinion slavery was the impelling force. Delegates- from the. annual conferences in the slave- holding states met in convention at Louisville. Ky., on May 1, 1S45, and formed the Southern organization -of the Methodist church. This was the outcome, as I understand it, of the treatment of Bishop James Osgood Andrew, of Georgia, by the general con ference of the Methodist Episcopal church, at its session In New York, lr 1844. Twelve years before this great and good man had been elected and ordained bishop by the general confer ence. The conference became very much excited, and shocked, -when it heard that Bishop Andrew was slaveholder, and accordingly passed: resolutions - deposing him from the bishopric unless he repented of his 'sinful ways" and dispose of hi •slaves. The vote on this question was 110 yeas to 68 nays. The minority declared the action of the majority to be illegal and intended to degrade Bishop Andrew. The Louisville con vention followed. “The Methodist Episcopal church. South," was formed and James Osgood Andrew was chose; a bishop. I have read the folio-wing statement of the facts of Bishop An drew’s connection with slavery: An old lady of Augusta. Ga„- had* be queathed to the bishop a mulatto gir! in trust, that he should take care Of her until she should be nineteen years of age; that provided she was willing, she should then be sent to Liberia, and that otherwise he should keen her. and make her as free as the laws of Geor- ia would permit. When the time irrived the girl Tefused to go to* Liberia, and of her own choice re- lained legally his slave, although he derived no pecuniary benefit from her She continued to live in her own house, and was at liberty to go to a free Siiate whenever sh° thought proper. The mother of Bishop An drews’ first wife left to her a negro boy. and she dying without a will, h- became. by the laws of Georgia, th- bishop’s -property. Tn .Tanuarv. 1844 Bishop Andrew married a lady pos sessed of slaves, but secured them to her by a deed of trust. the War of the Revolution. H! name was Austin Dabney. He was a mulatto boy in the beginning of the Revolutionary conflict. Gov. Gilmer, of Georgia, related the following: Dabney proved himself a good sold ier. In manv a skirmish with the British and Tories he acted a conspic uous part. He was with Colonel Elijah C'arke in the battle at Kettle Creek and was severely wounded bv a rifle 'ats.ll -pa-sing through his thigh, by which he wa- made a crinole for life. He was unable to do further military duty, and was wi’hout means to pro cure due attention to his wounds which threatened his life. In this suf fering condition he was taken Into the house of a Mr. Harris, where he was kindly cared for until he recovered He afterwards labored for Harris and hts family more faithfully than any 'lave could have been made to do. Dabney was a free man. After the close of toe Revolution, when pros nerous times came, Dafiney acquired Property. He removed from Wilke County to Madison County, carrying with him bis benefactor and family. Here he -became noted for his gren fondness for horses and the turf. H' attended all the races in the. neighbor ing counties, andyb'ettod to the extent of his means. His courteous behavior and good temper .alwax’s secu'.nd him gentlemen backer's. His means weire aided by a pension which fie received from the United States. term of service was about the same as Senator Morgan’s—thirty years. Vice- Bresident Fairbanks came all the way from Indiana to Sein’a to attend the funeral services of Senator Morgan, and I am informed that he made a fine impression on the people of Ala bama. Senator King, alh’d-d to just a he-—. only did he represent Alabama about thirty years in the Senate, but in 1S52 he was elected Vice-President of the the House, and with the money thus obtained the nmbitious young lady was enabled to finish her course at college. From then until now the va rious Speakers have appointed ladies as postmaster, and I suppose the cus tom will continue until the end of I Franklin, while attempting to bring eh out a union of the colonies, pictured them in a. wocd-cut. under the device of an elognated snake out into thirteen parts, with the initials of a colony on each part, and under the disjointed whole the admonitory motto. 'Join or time. The regular' session of the ■ Die.’—:'ms indicating the paramount Legislature is fifty days, hut the post- i necessity of union. Afterward, in the mgster is required to remain at the heats of the Revolutionary discussion, capitol five days after adjournment, this representation was adopted us the in order to forward the mail of the j head-piece of newspapers, and was members to tli"ir respective homes ; painted on banners: but when tho After organization is perf-eted the [union was accomplished, the divisions members draw for seats. This is big job in the House, as there are one hundred and eixhtv-three men to be seated. Occasionally, by special res olution. a few members, because of advanced age. or some physical in- "irmity or as a special mark ot' o*- *eem by virtue pf long and distin guished Legislative servieea. are per mitted to select their seats, without m.o fo-mnl'fv of drawing for them. In 1905 the House ndop'ed a resolution allowing Hon. .T. H. Hall, of niWi. an* 1 Hon. Martin V. Calvin, of Richmond *he seats of their choice in reeogni- Mon of th"ir “seniority In legislation.” Hon. R. Y. Rudicil, of Chattooga, on account of .ace and se-viee. was granted a similar favor. It is prob able there will be no prolonged con- •ost in th- Hon-- over the eleption o' any of the officials, therefore. th ! - bodv will, no doubt, proceed promptly to business. As there are five candidates for the nresidency of the Senate many per sons are expecting a warm contest over this office. As is generally United States, at the time Franklin: ’j n "' V V :he , aspirants for thejilooenre and initials were dropped and the snake was exhibited whole, coiled In conscious power, with thirteen rattles, and under it another admonitory motto, 'Don't tread on me.' h-ing a warning to the mother country. This flag was yel low. and it became the earlv standard of the Revolutionary navy, being hoist ed for the first time by Paul Jones with his own hands. Tt had a further lessen. A half-formed additional rattla was said bv Franklin to represent ‘the Pr-vince of Canada.’ and the wise man added, that 'the rattles were united to gether so as never to be separated but by breaking to pieces.’ Thus the. snake »t one time pictured the necessity of union, and at another time its indisso luble bond. But these symbols were all in harmony with the national flag, which, from its first appearance, in all its forms, pictured the common cause.’’ I read in a newspaper yesterday that two Georgia ladles have fallen heir to the Tumlin estate in Bartow County, as the result of a court decision ren- leaving Colonel Hawkins pronounced b ht t0 reco „ ec t|on the part plav- tum the most remarkable man he had; ed „ Hon w M. Tumlin in the Leg- met m this country, colonel Hawkins | , eco „„ _ T r - .v ai ' was buried in Crawford County, but II, . , ' on railroads | am ihtormed th „ no st one or n*mu- .-=er.. E^Jment of anv kind marks his grave. At . npzrn encore wil» fhe close of Hawkins’ term in the 1155™ ®f nat ° In the distribution of the public lands by lottery among the people of Georgio the Legislature gave to Dabney a lot of 'and in the county of Walton. Reore- --ntntive Upson. from Oglethorpe County, moved the on-sage of the bill, giving Drl'mey fhq. land. At the elec tion for members gf the Legislature the -■•-nr after, the countv of Madison was distracted by the animosity and strife of a Dabnev and an anti-Dabnev party. Many of the people were highly in- -ensed that a mulatto should receive a gift of the la'nd which belonged, jo the 'reemen of Georgia, Dabney soon aft°r removed to the land given him by the State, and carried^wPh him the family of Harris and continued to labor for ‘hem, and appropriated whatever he made for- their suonert. except wha‘ was ne-es-an- for his coar«e clothing nd food. The qTdf'St son of his -bene- eartor he sent to Fnnkiin College (th- University of Georgia), and af’er.wardr imported him whilst he studied law yi th Mr. Upson in Lexington. When Harris was undergoing his examina- !nn. Dabney was'standing outside of the bar. exhibiting great anxiety In hi- -ountenance: and when his young protege was sworn In, ho burst into a flood of tears. He understood his sit uation very well, and never was guiltv of impertinence. He win one of the best chroniclers of the events of th Revolutionary War. in Georgia. Judge Dooly thought much of -him. for he had bed served under his father. Colonel Dooly thought much of him. for he at the public .house in Madison, where the judge stopped during court, and he took much pains in seeing his hone well attended to. Ho drew his pension in Savannah where he went once a year for this impose. On one occasion he went to =avannah in company with bis neigh bor. Colonev Wviev Pope. They trav eled together until thev arrived in the treets of the town. Then the colone T observed to Dabney, that he was a man f sen-e. and knew that it was not uitahle for him to -be seen riding side side with a colored man through rhe streets of Savanriah; to which Da>b- nev replied that he und-rstood that matter very well. Accordingly, when they came to the principal street. Dab- r>ey checked his horse and fell behind. Thev had not gone very far before Col- Pierce was chosen President. In 18 he went to Cuba for the benefit of his health and by a special act of Con- -ess the oath of office as Vice-Pres ident was administered to him bv tho American consul general at Havana. Tn April he returned horn-, and on the th of that month he died in Dallas County. Alabama, of which countv Felma is the county seat. Before his e’ectlon a- Senator from Alabama he bnd held numerous offices in hi- na tive Slate of North Carolina. While member of Congress from North Carolina he voted for the declaration of war in 1312. He resigned his seat In 1816 to become secretary of lega tion'to Naples under William Picknev. whom he accompanied in the same capacity to St. Petersburg. In 1818 he returned home, and removed to Selma. Ala., where he continued to re side until his death. In 1819 he was e’ected to the convention to form a constitution and State Government for Alabama and was chosen the first United States Senator from that State. He served continuously in the Senate until 1844. when he was appointed by President Tyler minister to France. While in that country he successfully prevented a joint protest of France and England against the annexation ot Texas. He returned to America in 1S46. and in 1848 was again elected to represent Alabama in the Senate. Mr. King was unanimously elected Pr-sident of the Senate in 1850. on the accession of Vice-President Millard Billmore to the Fr—idency after the death of President Taylor. Two years later he was elected Vice-President, as I have already stated. say that .generally the inluries are of j ignited State a serious nature, o-.d result In the In jured person hecon^-ir a char-e either on his friends, or on the public. In marry Instances unfortunately, these trespasser- are children. On the Chle.aco Rock island and Pacific in 19 ft 6. 134 trc-rn«sers were! - killed and 24? Injur-d. Most of the ; The first justice of the peace in Hous- trespassers were killed and iriured , on County became Speaker of Con- while on :-flck-. Gen Manager Hnrri- ; g r e-s. Governor of Georgia. Secretary- man of the Tlrinnis Centre 1 reported | 0 f t bp Treasury and president of the killed )T4 r-rsor- and inbtred while they were walking the t-.acVs or loitering. Along th Ill'neis Geptrrl countv .and municipal authorities almost invariably refuse to care for the injured and crippled un less the same be a resident of the county or municipality. A number of suits h»ve been successfully prosecu ted against the Illinois trespassers who claim slature of 1868. He was a leading the expulsion of Representatives and nators from that bodv. i one! Pope -passed by the house of Gen- Senate from Nor’h Car-|“i‘“ t'lV “*?*F n * °* f” 6 same number oral .Tame- Jackson, who was then olina. Washington appointed him su-lCj , te Democrats in their places. ; Governor of Georgia.- Upon looklnr -erintondent of Indian affairs East of I Here . IS ,. an ^ xtract , from °" e of Rep-; ka C k he saw the Governor run out of 'be Mississippi, with heardauarters at r f sen t at ve Tumlin s speeches during ! »be house. se*ze Dabnev’s hand, shake Fort" Hawkins, in which position he ; d'seussion on the subject: j if as if he had been his long absent served from December. 1796. until he ! ' Common sense, common reason, the . brother, draw him off his horse, and died, on June 6. 1816. .welfare of the black race and of the j carry him into his house, whe-e Ke white race, reqriire every thinking -taved whilst In town. Governor Gilmer man to turn them out. The Constitu- mv s that Colonel Pone u-ed to tell tion of the State of Georgia says turn ! this anecdote with much glee, adding them out. The Constitution of the that he felt chagrined when he as- ^ United States, with all its damnable contained that whilst he passed hij fiftv i Gonfeder.ate Congress at Montgomery, i jinaendments. says turn them out. on | n 5661. I refer to Howell Cobb. This ! Therefore, sir if we fail to comply list in gu I.-bed man was only thirtv-four j s °lemn oath we have sub- "cars ' id when he was elected Speak- j f c, ' lb ed to. when this House is ihe thirtv-six whpn chosen Governor j the Qualification of its. mem - and forty-two at the time of his an-i ^ ers - b)" retaining men here who are "Ointment to President Buchanan's ! olearlv ineligible, we will he held to cabinet He was aged but twenty- [account for it by our constituency and when he commenced hisi our God.' eight time at a tavern, unknown and un cared for. Da-bney was the honored guest of the Governor. It is said that Dabney died at Zebu- Ion. Pike County, and was iburied near the remains of his friend Harris, who was his benefactor when he was strlck- j «n down with the wound received at I the battle of Kettle Creek. I see that Representative Perry, of Hall, will introduce a bill at the next session of the Legislature to prohibit ♦he use of free railroad passes in this State. Representative Hall, of Bibb will also be the author of a similar measure. It will be observed that the name Hall fi—ires in both bills—Hall, of Bibb, and Perry, of Hall. I wonder which of the two bills will get on the way first? In the House of 19P5 Mr. Hall’s anti-free pass hill just did mis- passing. It required 8.3 votes to pass the bill, and the measure received votes: There were 72 votes cast against it. Seventeen members did not vote. Had the bill obtained Just one more vote Speaker Slaton would have cast his vote for the measure, as he would have had the right to d<> under the rules, and thus the hill would have passed the House. This was the nearest that an anti-free pa — hill has ever come to passing the House. The proposed bill of Mr. Per ry’s is auite sweeping. I do not know where Mr. Hall’s bill will differ from Mr. Perm's. The Impression is very general that the coming Legislature will ring the death knell of free rail road passes, and franks generally such as telephone, express and tele graph. I have been asked whom did the great Georgian, tVilliam H. Crawford, kill in a duel. The gentleman's name was Peter Van Allen, who. at the time of his death on the- field of honor, was solicitor-general cf the Westerr, ircuit. I have heard that Van Allen was a very able lawyer and quite elo quent. In answer to another nuery I will say that Alexander H. Stephens and W. L. Yancey did not meet under the code duello. Thev had a very serious misunderstanding, growing nut of their remarks in the debate on the Mexican War. I understand that Boh Toombs was Instrumental in getting the matter amicably adjusted. I be- llevfe that the difficulty happened in the same year that Mr. Stephens chal lenged Herschel V. Johnson to fight a duel. T ohn W. Akin, of P’rtnw: T. S. Fol der. of Bibb: J. J. Flvnt of Spalding: L. G. Hardman, of Jackson: J. D Howard, of Baldwin. The Senate will follow the same procedure in organ izing as is observed in the House. The only candidate I know of for president nro tern Is Hon. E. T. Steed, of Car- rolL He was a member of the last House. There are forty-four Sena tors. Of course twenty-three is a majority, of forty-four, ard twentv- three is therefore a quorum. It will not he necessorv for a candidate for "resident, or for any other office in the Senate, to receive twentv-three votes to be elected In all elections a. matnritv of the Senators present, "rovided they constitute a quorum shall be necessary to a choice. As the "resident apnnlnts all committees there is no predicting who will he the hairmen of the leading committees 'or it is not known who will be the "resident. In the House, the speake- "ames the committees, and as Mr S'aton has no opposition for th" sneakership there is more or less guessing as to the possihle chairmen af the chief committees of tho House T have- heard of the following guess' Committee on anprop'riations. C. M. rinndler of DeKalb. chairman: wavs a'nd mean*. J. W. Wise, of Favetto "'•airman; gene-nl judiciary, Bovkin Wright, of Richmond chairman: mendments to tho constitution. H. H •opr— of Hall, chairman; general agri- ci.il* w*. L. H. O. Martin, of Fihert. -hairman: penitentiary. J. N. Holder af Jackson, chairman: Western am' Atlanta railroad. Hooner Alexander of DeKalb. chairman. It is generallv he- "eved that Hon. J. H. Hall, of Bibb does not desire a chairmanship, bu* "refers to be the ranking member of ♦he committee on rules, or vice-chair man. as this position is known. The speaker is ex-officio chairman of the -ommittee on rules. On the floor o f the House the vice-chairman repre sents the speaker and the committee Mr. J- T al!’s ability and long legislative experience makes him an invaluable man for this place. He is a skilled arliamentarian' and admir.ablv nunli- °cd in every wax* for the discharge of ‘be duties of this very important and -espnnsible position. Mr. Slaton wil’ he the only member of the next House —ho will have had a longer term of continuous service than Mr. Hall. M- Slaton first entered the Legislature a-- a Representative from Fulfon. in 1896 and Mr. Ha'l became a Representa tive from Bibb in 1898. The two gen tlemen have always had a high opin ion of each other's character and ability. In connection with the above It is appropriate to say that yesterday was mown as Flag Day in this country, ecause Qotieres* resolved on June 14, 1777, "that the flag of the 13 United States he 13 stripes alternate red and vhite: that the union be 13 stars, white 'n a blue field, representing a new con stellation.” This is the first recorde-d legislative action for tie adoption of a national flag. The first flag was made bv Mrs. Bettie Ross, at her house. No. ■’39 Arch streeet Philadelphia. This historic building is standing intact to day. His’ory tells us that the flag ‘bus adorned remained unchanged till 1794. when on motion of Senator Brad- ’°y. of Vermont, which State, with Kentucky, had been admitted Into tha ♦Inion. It was resolved that from and after May 1. 1795. “the flag of the Uni- ‘ed States he 15 stripes alternate red and white, that the union ze 15 stars, white in a blue field.” This was the lag used in the war of 1S12. Some “ears later. Cantain Samuel G. Reid, -Mstinguls’hed for his defence of the Brig. Gen. Armstrong against a suoe- -ior British force in 1814. recommend 'd the reduction of the strlnet to tha original 13. and the adoption of stars aqunl to the number of the States, and a now star to be added on the 4th of Tuly next succeeding the admission of -ach new State. In ISIS Gc.ngrcss pass 'd a bill embodving Reid's suggestions, and thus was formed the flag of the "resent dav. Permit me aga’n to quoto *rcm Senator Sumner’s address, re ferred to just now: Centra! hv [ brilliant Congressional career, have been 1 One of the brilliant Democrats who took the place of an ousted negro was | Since the death of Senator John T. pushed ot kicked off trains while in! Georgia has always been patriotic! 11011 - J - R- Saussy, of Savannah. Mr. : Morgan, of Alabama. I believe that to motion. and intensely Southern. In 1861 it was [Saussy, in behalf of the gentlemen ! Senator John TV. Daniel, of Virginia. The direct cost to railroads is !n her proud boast that she was the j w ho had been substituted for the ne- j belongs the distinction of the longest etop-ning trains when vagrants ar» in- | -nlv Sta*e that adopted the Confeder- I vroes. presented to Representative j t»rm of continuous service in the Sen- Jur*d. ronvevlng them to the nearest - ate Constitution by a unanimous vote, j Tumlin an elegant gold watch and!»te held bv any Senator from the hospital, where hospital expenses are | — chain, as a token of their appreciation ! South. And as well as I can figure it frequently paid bv the railroads, be-1 In the golden long ago the late Chief . °f h,s services in the interest of De- out from the data before me. Senator Justice Hi-am Warner represented i mocracy and white supermacy. Daniel will be the only Southern mem- Crawford County in the Legislature, i her of the next Senate who will have Tn one of his contests for this office j While the proposition was pending had a longer tenure of continuous Sen- cause of the unwillingness of the towns to meet the bills, and burial ex penses when necessary. The Chicago nnd Northwestern spends several thnu?a"d dollars a year in this man ner. The Great No-thern kips and in jures a large number of trespp*=ers > and whom th annually Tn five years the Lake Sh -c : ore-ed for th One of the most interesting special editions issued by any newspaper Georgia this season Is the Educa tional Number of that splendid weekly the Barnesville News-Gazette. It i: an elaborate review of the school in terests of this State. A perusal of its pages should make any Georgian proud of the educational institutions of his State. Barnesville should be pleased that her progress and development are such as to sustain in her midst so ex cellent and enterprising a newspaper as the News-Gazette. Fifty-two members of the last Leg islature will he in the coming House and there will be several who served in the General Assembly previous to the last one. The membership of the House will number one hundred and ‘ighty-three, eight more than form- —lv. by reason of the addition of the right new counties. The ninth new •ountv. Ben Hill will not have a Rep- esentative in the annroach'ng House as It was not created in time to elect member. The new counties did not 'ncrease the number of Senators. The ‘otal membership of the General As- -emblv which convenes on June 26 wil’ he two hundred and twenty-seven. In ‘his number will be one colored Rep- -esentatfve. -W. H. Rogers, of Mcln- *"sh. He was in the last two Houses. Ten members of the last House will he in the new Senate, and there will be about ten or eleven others who have seen service in former Legislature “The flag’s stripes of alternate red and white proclaim the original union "f thriteen States to maintain the Declaration of Independence. Its Stars of white on a field c-f blue proclaim hat union of States constituting our national constellation, which receives a new star with every new Slate The two together signify union, past and present. The very colors 'have a lan guage, which was officially recognized by our fathers White is for purity: red for valor; blue for justice. And all together, bunting, stripes, stars, and colors, blazing in the sky. make the "eg of our country, to he cherished by all our hearts, to bn upheld by r.H our hands. Not at once did this ensign ceme into bring. I*s beginning was In the camp before Boston, and it was an nounced by Washington in t'oeso word- 1 : ‘The day which gave being to the new army we hoisted the Union aae. in compliment fo the United Colo- ics.’ The rational forces and the na tional flag began together. Shortly aft erward, a fleet of five sail left Phila delphia amid the acclimations of the ooople. according to the language of tho time, ‘under the display of a Union flag of thirteen stripes.’ This was probably the same flag not yet ma’’.fr- ed into its present form. In its corner, where are now the stars, were the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew, -“d and white originally representing England and Scotland, and when con joined. after the union of those two countries, known as t e Union To these were added the thirteen stripes, alternate, red and wh'te. and the whole was hailed at the time as ^the Great Unim Flag. The States represented s v the rtr : ues were here in subordina tion to the National Unity, renresente-i by the two crosses. But this form did "of continue long.” Senator Sumner then gave a history of Cong-esslonal action in fhe creation of the flag, as X have already outlined. the Historical records tell us that a iety of flags were displayed in colonies at the -commencement of the Revolution. The "union flag” referred to so often in the newspapers of 1774 were the ordinpry English red ensigns hearing the union jack. These bora some . patriotic motto' like. “Liberty.'* “T.ihertv and ?r..nertv.” Liberty and | Union.” etc. Tn the beginning the regi- »tinguis u ed bv for the 7th blue. an opponent had promised the voters to vote for a certain man who was to he elected by the Genera: Assemble. people of Crawford fav- position. The matter auite Issue in the -ined effort was and M’ch'gan Southern has k-l’ed 313 w - as ma trespassers, and irtured 133ft. On :he [ na i en of-er b-nd the JVisccrtsln Central kills i to for -e Candidate TYsrner onlv ten or fifteen trespassers an- ; himself to cast his ballot for the p»r- nu«!ly. of whom hn’f are vagrants. sen o n the Saturday pre-edlng th" The cost to society of injured va- election of a legislator "there was f big grants Is In the end enormous, because meeting in Crawford. While Mr. War- varrants frequently are rende-ed inen- per was speakinr. he was asked able of doing any further work and in whether he was willing to pledge him- conspouenee go to tramping or beg- sel' if elected a? the other candidate Ing. spending their time berv.e-n had done. His reply was: “I tn.v,- or »d. almshouse and the Jail Every I way net vote for -hot office-, bu: I pitabie society knows of m-ny n- ric; ri-grari' nivsrif so -mob nor e* of persons permanently maim- , those whose suffrages I seek, as to The Legislature of Georgia will conven? today week, at 10 o’clock, the ho jr fixed by law. The House will be called to order by the clerk of the last House, and the Secretary of the Senate will perform a similar ser vice in the Senate. After prayer and the swearing in of the members, the two bodies will proceed to organize by the election of officers for the en suing term of two years. Hon. Johr M. Slaton, of Fulton, will be re-elected Speaker without opposition. There are two candidates for Sneaker pro tern., namely. Representative J. B •Tackson. of Jones, and Representative E. H. Michael of Marion. These gen tlemen were members of the ore- edlng House. As th? present Clerk r t is. a mistaken idea some persons | ments have that the incoming Senate will be j „ 1 body composed almost entirely of j f or the Sth orange e tc men without any legislative exper-! It somethin- of a coinci lenee that ence. _ I have had the honor of serv- yesterday was the anniversary of tho ing with twenty of the Senators-elect. j adoption of the national flag of f v .o and with sixtv-one of the Representa- T :r>fw states the emblem of American tives-elect. Among these legislators 1 freedom and today is tbe anniversary are seven prospective candidates for |of the granting; bv King John -f Fng- Gongress in the not ver- far distant |land, of Magna. Char’s, the “Chsrta t |k P r*ios," which guarantee^ to tho English people in premetuitv th? en joyment of certain rights and privi leges. "Want a writer calls “the o*- and v'orv” of Magna Charia. future, and three possibile aspirants for Governor. There are some ex ceedingly ambitious spirits in the Gen eral Assembly which meets one week from today. It may be remarked in passing that several of the gentlemen J reads as follows: “No freeman have their eye on the speakership of ( he taken, or imprisoned, or disse-Verl. the House of 1909. Two of them view nr outlawed, or banished, or anyways it as a stepping-stone to higher po- I iniured. ror will we mss ut- n him. litlcal place. It is not improbable that nor send upon him unless hv the legal he presidency of the Senate of 1909 uidement of h>'s peers or hv rh? law will be conferred upon a member of' of the land.” In other words. “It ---•- the House of 1907. [ teqtefi everv freeman from loss of 1'fe, . j liberty, or "roperfv, exce"t bv the ludg- Reeently, by request I wrote for this I merl of his peers or th? law of the olumn an article on the State flags j’and; s"d b-It the King promised that "f Georgia.. I am In receipt of a letter, *ave will sell to no m-n. we w'll rot 'rom Judge John A. Cobb, the ’popula- I ao nv to anv man. riuht' o- "lus-iee ' ” ordinary of Sumter County, in which j ’’’he on'.v time T ever heard Fob to expel the negroes Romulus More, atorial service than Senator A. O. Ba- a negro Representative, referring to ; con. of Georgia. Daniel entered the the fourteenth amendment to the Con-, Senate nn Ms-ch 4 1337. and Bacon stinitlon of th? United States, said: ; on March 4. 1S95. Daniel's present “If God is pleased with the Constitu- term will expire on March 4. 1911. and tional amendment, you can’t change if the term for which Senator Bacon will made : —>' ou can't change it unless you can be re-elected in a few days, will not j has one hundred and seventytwo pos- pledge : overcome the armies of the United ! expire until March 4, 1913. j'itive pledges of support, and it re states.” G. H. Cl»“.'er. another negro I quires only ninety-two votes of the Representative, thus expressed him- Senator Edmund Winston Pettus. of I whole membership to elect, it is rea- A! a baron, was over 75 years old when ponable to suppose that he will be re- he was firs: elected t" the United j elected. I understand there is some Senate. Kis election to the j centos* for the positions of messenger Senatorship was brought about tn an and doorkeeper of the House. The interesting manner. 7 r . I- that! Kpoak-*r has the appointment of the if- Ee*t'js had an rn-.nl'leq tc its a' assistant doorkeepers and pages 0 f lee r- of :'.i" United S ?trs Court in: the House. He also appoints the »'.abp.mn ,-,nd -Amesied T *ne support of - postOftK-ter of th— House agd d‘-rir;- Hon Jair.es l. Pugh, then a Senator' nates the Chaplain. All of these va- self: "Whenever you cast your voter .against us. dis nigger will take his hat be ws and walk right straight out. but. like States Christ I shall come again. r go ■ prepare a pla.-- for them. Stop. D-i orrats: stop, white folks draw de re- oiution off de table, and i-t’s go j work.” When the Legislature met in 1569 ie says: "There was a "-anner < n a -ope stretched across Mulberrv street. Macon, from fhe Lnnicr Hou=e tv ‘‘ie McEvov building, just after Geor- ia seceded in 1*61. which wa« said at 'hat time to he the Georgia State flag with the device of. a rattlesnake, and 'he motto ‘Noli me tanvere.' " I do -ot think this was a Georgia State flag r gue=s it was one of the flags of th? Vnierican Revolution. A flag of 1776 was a yel'ow eu-ign bearing the d°vic“ ; of a rattlesnake in the attitude of ! striking, with the motto "Don't tread on me"—which Is eo id valent to the i Latin motto quoted in Judge Cobb's let- 1 ter. “Noli m? tanvere" meaning “Don’t] touch me." The Revolutionary pst-j intended the admonitory artto "Don't! t.-ead on me." us . 1 warning to J v 1 viand. ' and I' suppose that the Confederate patriots who stre'ched the ban"-r aer.-ss Mulbe-rv street, with the motto "D m’t touch me." wanted the NortS, ,: *'e-ed In M-e-n -ome eloso of th- Civil War. was his theme. Magna Charra HYACINTH AND ONION. Magazine K. W»rfl*|tt-ie»' in “S"—*! v .,, ^ TSit 1„,1 ind B"—o-icp it had a ' firm h-lief It was an onion white. Most fond’y f» hv—imh An onion wa ( i it v.e are not.