Newspaper Page Text
ruesd&y, July 2, 1907
3
'HE T17ICE-A-77EEK TELEGRAPF
[inaugural Address of Governor Hoke Smith
ATLANTA. June
•III? IS till- (111! text
address of Governor
Gentlemen of the
FVUow-Cl!I
office with th< purl
p.nd riiiv-pllng me,
duty th< • !>• rn.i
of the masses • •f r.:e
■Put there tie eer:
have tteen specifically
They have * vof(
*.t the bull
29.—The follow- ,
• if e lnatiRur.il
n account or* race or Jeer
ice iunt of the fact
ispess the nualillcat
sally fix •> Geor:
qualifications l
rlthout teferenci
eing re-
>lor.
box.
dec:
the
• r* cntatlvt
been
. The proposed c
j ment is along th-:
law. It provides
Ister and vote mu
fi cat ions now reqa
chedules .
The com
hlppers re:
ient servic
i progress. I ask you to consider the
j unorganized condition of the educa-
; tional work of Georgia.
University and Branches.
The Constitution of the State of
ifter
r-iof freight, to
Democratic convei
office under solemn d
people to carrv out
pledges.
We must n it be led
tasks until our special
people have been perfoi
A Governmen* falls t
est sphe;-,- if 't does
righ' of property, and a
constantly broaden op
menial, moral and finn
th* less fortunate
A Government by t
nishes the only '.ope fo
To make It sure, ballot box<
pure, and legislative hulls m
from the Influences of
wealth.
■ * loti by the
ie platform j
and also be
classes following:
war of the Unite
crate States or t
■ O 3
'lg
to other
•s ; . ■ le
ch It>
portunities fot
nclal growth tr
If the views of a commissioner are
Increase Power of Commission. so hostile to tie work of the majority
The commission should require for ] that he is not in a position to help sus-
tssengers reas nable rates and proper tain the action of the commission, his
pot accommodations. {presence upon the commission would
■ should require for be a hindrance to effective service,
le rates, and an . ffi- and it would be the duty of the Gov- Georgia limits rue right of taxation for
control extending to ernor to suspend him. educational purposes to the University
■vhich cars must le Western and Atlantic Extension. of Georgia, and to elementary branches
iplication. to delivery The platform adopted at Macon calls of an English education. As a result
construction and use attention to the fact that the act under of this provision, the School of Tech-
r side tracks, to shifting i.nd which the Western and Atlant'-c Rail- nologv. the State College of Agricul-
inging cars In railroad yards road was built contemplated its ulti- . ture. the State Normal College, the
'.•ne one of the six and terminals, to freedom from par- mate extension to the sea. It also de-i Georgia Normal and Industrial Col-
Itiailty in all service, and to the pay-j Clares that the time has now arrived ' lege at Milledgeville, the North Georgia
who served in any meet of overcharges and shortages. It for the General Assembly to seriously Agricultural and Mechanical College at
'at s. the Confed- should supervise the pay and hours of consider jhe -question of making the i Dahlonega, the eleven district agricul-
State of Georgia; service of telegraph operators and extension. i tural schools and the Georgia Indus-
1 train dispatchers. It should direct the I commend this suggestion to your trial School for negroes are elapsed a's
ms lawfully de-: f "tm of keeping accounts By the;; to- careful consideration. I believe the branches of the university. The uni-
such si.Idiers; or ; positions. It should cover every err,- ownership of the State Road to be a versity proper is the classical college
who can read cor- dition where the officers and agents of thing of great value to the people of (at Athens. This college has a board of
write correctly (he public carrier may fail in duty to Georgia, not only on account of its ca- j trustees, called the trustees of the uni-
pacity to produce an income, but on ; versity. The branche
prepared for the highest development: State should train the teachers for the
but I do not mean by this rhat th»y rural schools.
will necessarily obtain it through lit- Into the rural schools must be intro-
erary and classical studies. duced nature study and primary agrl-
For them it 15 at this time moat {cult >• ■ is work to be successfully
important to improve the manual conducted must receive aid from the
training and agricultural schools. State, 'as . by adding agricultural do- |
and the rural schools. With a view to partreents to every normal school in 1
JAPS MAKE APPEAL TO
Six Classes o* Voters.
tuiional amend-
of the Alabama
a per
ve all the quaii- ]of spur
for that purpose
which the future teacher [
may be taught how to teach primary 1
agriculture, end then directions in the
shape of lea dots and pamphlets must'
issue from tire State College of Agri- i
culture, and be distributed! among the j
rural school teachers, from time to I
time, to aid and guid
work.
Train the White Children to Meet
Life's Responsibilities.
I long to see manual training intro
duced into the schools of the cities and
towns in the State. The great educa
tional work which Georgia should do
for her children is not that they may
be able to read and loaf, but that they
may be able to think and act. We
must train the boys and girls of Geor
gia so that they can meet the respon-
sioilitles of life so that they can use
the resources which God has given
have each a | us. so that they can surround them
selves with comfort and build the State
for themselves and their children.
I Vvould have the boys and girls of
jple fur-
suen
mu«t
itory
Second—All pers,
scended from any o]
Third—all persons
rectly and who <m:
when read to them in the English lan- | the public.
gunge any paragraph of the Constitu- , Power must he given trie commission account of the influence it may have I separate board of trustees, but are alt
' ion of the United States or tee Stafp to protect the issue of watered stocks ; upon the future regulation and trans- i placed under the trustees of the uni*
uf Georgia; or land bonds, and to require the money j portation questions. versity. who are trustees primarily exf ,
Fifth—Any person who Is the owner ] obtained from stock and bond issues If it can be extended to the sea at ! the classical college at Athens, one of : Georgia furnished an opportunity to
f forty acres of land on which he I invested in the propertiees of the cor-; one or more points. I have no doubt the | the divisions of the university. make useful men and women. Nearly
lives; or Iporations issuing them. investment would be profitable, and its' Ought not these seprarate institutions I every white child of the tenant farmer
Sixth—Any person who owns five! The commission must be given power value to the people as a whole greatly : to be freed from the control of the and nearly every white child of the
hundred ($500) dollars worth of prop--to protect the public in every relation i increased. I trust that you may be ‘ trustees who are especially charged j poorest day laborer carries in his veips
e.-ty in the State of Georgia as shown I where they should be serve 1 by trans- able to present a satisfactory plan fori with the responsibility Tor the classical j the blood of a Revolutionary hero. He
by t'.io :.ix digest. , portation companies. I the completion of the road. 1 college at Athens? Cate way to ac-
Tho right to qualify under the third j While the- rates charged for freight Railroad Employes. 1 complisli this result would be by
provision expires January J. 1D10. The j and passenger transportation should be The State owes a duty to the faith- j constitutional amendment, giving the
ful men who discharge the labor for Legislature the right to tax directly
Every frank man admits that In na
tional and State legislation more power
has been exercised bv the great cor
porations than has been consistent Hght to qualify under the flrst and sec- controlled, the character of service
with the full protection of popular ! on<1 provisions expires January 1, 1915. | given is of the utmost importance.
popul
rights.
The time has come w’hen it Is neces
sary to determine whether certain fa
vored Interests or the State shall rule.
Suppress Lobbyists.
What has been told of hired political
agents Infesttng legislative halls is no
Idle story. They have been the curse
Of national legislation; their Influence
for evil has been felt in nearly every
State, and Georgia 'nas been no excep
tion to the rule.
‘'The great body of the people inter
ested in legislative matters are busy
• t home with their daily labors.
The hired political agent has been
permitted to press has master's Inter
est, not only by using his own personal
Influence, but by bringing from differ
ent parts of the State his Mttle strikers
to sit around hotels, and present In
the presence of members of tile Leg
islature, with professed Impartiality,
what he terms the wishes of the peo
ple. while at the same time, secretly,
he la hired to defeat their interests.
T believe that yon will pass legisla
tion to make It a crime for any attor
ney or agent, hired to support or op
pose legislation, to discuss his client’s
Interest in the presence of those who
are to vote upon It, except where that
discussion is at a public hearing, or
with members of the Legislature offi
cially named for conference.
The proposed legislation also re
quires that any one employed to sup
port or oppose a legislative measure
must promptly enter an appearance
with the Secretary of State In a book
to be kept open to the public, describ
ing the nature of his employment.
To require the entry of such an ap
pearance Is not a hardship. It Is no
reflection upon the honorable attorney.
If his work is simply by argument to
present the merits of his side, there
can be no more objection to his doing
sc than for him to make an argument
before the Supreme Court of the StWe.
and he should welcome the publicity of
his employment. If he seeks to Influ
ence legislation by political pull, he
should be suppressed.
Stop Free Passes.
I urge also the passage of a bill
•which will put an end to the free pass
.system between local points In Georgia.
Thin practice began, and was fol
lowed for a long time, with but few i
harmful results. It has grown to be a
crying evil. It has 'become a means
A man who h i- registered under; Control Over Rates,
either the first, second or third of these The great problem of local freight
provisions is qualified to vote for life, [and passenger rates is one for regula-
unless he fails to pay his taxes, com- i :ion by the State. It is for the State
mits a crime, or does some act sub- through its duly constituted authori-
sequent to his registration which pre- termining what percentages of prof-
vents his voting. I its are to be earned by transportation
The attack which may be made upon I and public service companies,
this proposed amendment is largely] The authority of the State has no
limited to the first and second propo- limit as to local rates, except that
sitlons for suffrage which I have men- j which Is found in the Constitution of
tloned. the United States, providing that prop-
Milltary service has been so goner- | erty shall not be taken without due
ally recognized as a basis for the glee- I process of law.
tlve franchise that no argument with The Railroad Commission, using the
reference to It Is really required. j facilities given to it by law. investi-
It Is the second provision alone gates the facts with reference to
which has been the subject of adverse freight and passenger rates. The mem-
criticism. This qualification provides hers well understand that .the property
that for a term of years any one de- j of the railroads (s not to be confiscated,
soended from one who has participated j Far from taking the property of the
In war as a soldier of the United j railroads without due process of law.
States, the Confederate States or the 1 they determine that the rates which
State of Georgia can register and vote, j they fix are reasonable and just, hav
The criticism is without merit.
This provision does not deny or
abridge the right of any one to vote
“on account of race, color, or previous
condition of servitude." It gives to all
who have the qualifications the right
to register and vote. It Is, therefore,
free from any constitutional objection.
Hereditary Right of Franchise.
If an attack is made upon the'wis
dom of recognizing the right of suf
frage upon the theory of heredity, I
would have you remember that hered
ity Is no novel ground for participation
in government. It has been recognized
by the States north of the Potomac as
well as those south of It ns a proper
reason for granting the right of suf
frage. and if we cross the ocean and go
to nine-tenths of the countries of the
world, we find not alone the right to
participate in an election granted as a
hereditary* right, but we see the rulers
of nations the legislators of .the great
est countries in the world.
Ing In view the investments of stock
holders in railroad properties, the pol
icy of the State to encourage railroad
building, and the rigrits of the public
to be protected against excessive and
improper charges.
The action of the Railroad Commis
sion takes the place of an act of the
legislature of the State of Georgia and
becomes the solemn decision of the
State, through Its duly constituted au
thority. It is a serious proposition for
a judge to assume the province of set
ting up his judgment against such a
finding.
Judicial Interference.
Trie time must come when the courts
will cease to grant temporary restrain
ing orders interfering with the author
ity of the State in these matters. There
is no broad question of law upon which
the courts could rest their Interfer
ence with the action of a Railroad
Commission. The cases must turn
extent, occupying their positions
rulers and legislators by right of Cie-
redlty.
I would not have you think that T
believe in the right of rule by heredity
as it is recognized abroad, but I do in
sist that precedent is too ample and too
conclusive to justify an attack upon
the right of suffrage based in part at
least upon heredity.
While the proposed constitutional
amendment meets every requirement
f I of the Constitution of the United
States, it. will permanently preserve
large upon questions of fact, and surely the
petty political bribery.
Cur common carriers have no right j j^ e ^JsctlYe_franchise to all of our cit-
to charge for transportation more than ~ ’ ’
a sum reasonably sufficient to pay
them for their services. If some ridP
free, those who pay must be charged
sufficient rates to cover the legitimate
cool of fbeir transportation and the
passage of the free pass holders.
The time has come when all should
pay and all should pay less for trans
port ition.
The hired political agent and the
free pass system are twin evils. With
in a few days you can make their ex
istence Impossible In Georgia.
Tf these Jaws are promptly passed,
we may expect from throughout the
^t*te words of confidence and praise.
Inspiring 11s to further action In be
half of better government.
Money in Politic* and Clean Elections.
The best results from popular gov
ernment can orrlybe had where the in
dividual voter approaches the ballot
box influenced alone by a patriotic
purpose to serve his country, his State
and his nation.
One of the evils which, has polluted
elections and debauched voters his
been political contributions by the
great corporations and special In tecs ts.
Their money has been given not to ad
vance principles, but to debauch char
acter and defeat popular rights.
First, the voters are to be bought for
the candidate, and then the
izens who have borne the burdens of
the commonwealth in war and peace,
and upon whom the burdens now rest.
It will also exclude, by fair and con
stitutional tests, the great bulk of that
class who are incompetent to govern
others or even themselves.
It will protect us from dangers that
would otherwise attend the political di
visions of the future. It will insure
the permanent control of the State,
and of every county, municipality and
division thereof, by its citizens of most
intelligence and character.
We hold commission from the peo
ple. Loyalty and fair dealing to them,
as well as prudence and foresight for
the future unite to require the passage
without delay of the bill submitting the
proposed constitutional amendment to
the people for ratification.
Regulate Primaries By Law.
Popular Government can only exist
as a substantial reality where the
voters are'given a full opportunity to
express their convictions at the ballot
box.
In our State it is especially import
ant that this opportunity should b|
given in our primaries. By common
consent, an overwhelming majority of
the people accept the verdict of the
primary as conclusive?
If machine politicians are allowed to
office- • manipulate either the time or manner
findings of a commission upon the
facts deserves trie respect of a court
until a final hearing satisfies the court
that the commission has misunder
stood the facts.
The finding of a Railroad Commis
sion should not be suspended by the
ex parte affidavit of "a railroad officer.
The actual trial of a proposed rate
is the best way to determine its ef
fect. If it should prove to be unjust
to the railroad company, there should
still be no occasion for tie court to
inter'ere. The Railroad Commission
should be relied upon, after a fair trial,
to modify a rate, if the rate proved to
be improper.
railroad and public service companies.
I agree with the view expressed by
President Roosevelt that it is unjust
when an employe loses limb or life to
place the entire loss upon him or his
family, in the class of cases called
mere accidents. Especially is it unjust
to free the corporations from liability
in those cases defended upon the
ground biat the employe knew of the
negligence of the company and as
sumed the risk of such negligence. An
employe may know of the existence of
a defect, known also to his superior
officer. He cannot afford to quit work
nor can the public afford to have him
quit. To deprive him in case of injury
of the right to recover is a rule so
harsh that it Is only defended upon the
theory of precedent.
In some States the courts are break
ing away from this precedent. In some
States the courts are being relieved of
the precedent by* statute. This severe
rule has received'approval in Section
2612 of the Code of 1895. I trust that
by statute this wrong may be stopped,
and that this section of the Code of
Georgia may be repealed.
Another rule has grown up in our
State which requires the presiding
judge to charge that an employe ti re
cover must be “absolutely free from
fault." and that if the employe is guilty
of negligence, “however slight,” his re
covery is defeated.
This extreme rule is peculiar to
Georgia. I recommend that it be
changed, and that only negligence
which amounts to lack of ordinary care
be permitted to defeat recovery by an
employe.
Liquor Legislation.
For a long time the ^tate of Georgia
has adhered to the policy of local op
tion applied to the sale of liquor. All
restrictive liquor laws arouse intense
feeling. As the enforcement of the
laws depends largely upon the senti
ment in the counties in which they are
to be enforced, we have permitted the
voters of each county to decide wh&t
should be the policy of their county
While my sympathies in
without reference to the university,
for the support of these various insti
tutions. Another would be to make the
trustees of the classical colle;
Athens, termed the university trus
tees, a local board for that institution
just as each of the other boards is a
local board for a particular institution.
Then create a new board, termed re
gents of the university, connected
with no local institution, but having
general supervision over all the
■branches of the university.
The necessity for action upon one of
these two lines is the greater, since
the State College of Agriculture has
been located in Athens. I am deeply
interested in this college.
College of Agriculture.
For years there Caas been nominally a
State College of Agriculture, but en
tirely dwarfed by the university proper.
I did not approve the location of the
Agricultural College at Athens. I
thought it should have been placed at
Griffin with the Experiment Station
but the location has been* made. The
grounds purchased, through the liber
ality of Mr. Peabody, are ample, and
splendidly suited for the work, and the
contract has been let for buildings
which wlH cost over $30,000.
I am convinced that it is impractica
ble to conduct this college successfully
with a local board under the supervis
ion of the trustees, whose work pri
marily has connection with the univer
sity proper, or the classical branch of
the university. »
There is much in the record of the
university proper to inspire pride on
the part of Georgians: many of our
great men who made Georgia’s history,
graduated there. I wish to see it
grow, furnished with ample money,
made the pride of every citizen of the
State, but its management must be
changed. It must be brought closer to
the people to justify the hope of a fu
ture so much to be desired.
I cannot claim to have matured a
When the courts realize the responsl- j use of liquors shipped from outside the
bility which they assume by interfer- i State.
ing through restraining orders with the I suggest also the propriety of mak-
action of the State, the officers of rail- I ing the operation of a ‘blind tiger” a
plan of reorganization to which I am
entirely wedded, but a change will help
, ... ... , local; the university and make the College of
election are with those who oppose the Agriculture.
sale of liquor, for the present local ; As the State College of Agriculture is
option may furnish the best plan for . now permanently located in Athens, a
C0 S tr - 0 th Jr lflUOr , tra ^ lc - question for serious consideration is.
But after the people of a county “Should not the Experiment Station be
vote liquor out.at is not fair to permit ! moved to it 0
the daily inpouring of liquors by jugj Experiment Station for South Georgia,
trains. . ...... , The land of south Georgia is so dit-
Our platform -demands that the dry ; ferent from that of north and middle’
counties of Georgia be kept dry. I Georgia that I urge the establishment
cordially favor legislation to accom- c f a branch Experiment Station
plish this result, and 1 believe it pos
sible to restrain to a great extent the
has the foundation on which to build a
manhood unsurpassed in capacity and
usefulness. We must not permit this
germ of greatness to be smothered by
lack of opportunity.
But. you may ask. how is the money
to be raised? I have no objection to
gifts from outside the State, but fin
ally we must depend upon ourselves.
We must not oniy willingly but joy
fully tax ourselves for this great work.
The cities and municipalities levy a
local tax for their schools. The rural
districts, when they really see good
schools can bo obtained, will readily
follow the same course.
The State, although it now- con
tributes liberally to educational work,
can largely increase its present appro
priation.
We must require the corporations in
Georgia to pay their just taxes. We
must equalize taxation among all the
people of Georgia. Who will object to
paying taxes when be realizes that the
money is to be intelligently spent for
the children of the State? Instead of
a burden, it should be a great privilege
to help in so noble a cause.
The State now raises from direct and
indirect taxation, from rent of the State
Railroad, and from the lease of con
victs $5,400,000 a year. Of this amount,
last year. 51,000,000 went to pensions
and to various contributions for the old
soldiers: $400,000 to eleemosynary in
stitutions; $400,000 to interest and
principal of the State’s debt; $360,000
went back to the counties for the hire 1
of convicts; $340 000 to the general '
expenses of the State, and $2,000,000
to educational work in the State. T do
not give exact but approximate figures.
Georgia appropriates more money for
her old soldiers than any State in the
South. The money is freely contributed
and is well spent.
Our eleemosynary institutions ought
not to require more money than they
are now receiving. Our genera! ex
penses need not be made larger. Prac
tically all of our increase in the shape
of State revenue can be devoted to the
children of the State,
Should Pay Teachers Promptly.
TOKIO. June 30.—At a joint meet
ing of seven chambers of commerce
here, it was resolved to address the
principal chambers of commerce in
America as follows:
“It has always been a matter of pro-
them in ta eir| founc j satisfaction to the peopie of Ja
pan to witness the constant growth of
cordial relations between our two
countries and of our community of in
terests in the fields of trade and com
merce. But since last year, the people
In a section of your country have un
fortunately acted in a manner ealeu-:
lated to prejudice the legitimate rights
of Japanese people, who have been
frequently subjected to unjust and
humiliating treatment- at the hands of
a lawless element prevailing there.
Tlie right of education has been de
nied them; their houses have repeat
edly been attacked, their property de
stroyed without the least cause or
provocation, with the Jesuit that not
oniy have the treaty rights of the Jap
anese been wantonly disregarded, but
their persons and property also have
been exposed to serious dangers. It is
to be extremely regretted that such
unfortunate incidents should be allow
ed to occur so frequently and it is
feared that unless they are speedily
stopped, the ill feeling which our
countrymen are now constrained to
harbor against the people of a single
section in America, may eventually
have an unhappy effect upon the de
velopment of the commercial relations
between the two nations, for while the
United States is a good customer for
our natpral products. Japan is also
increasing her demand for American
goods, and promises to become one of
the most important markets for your
ever-expanding and prosperous indus
tries. Should the progress of trade
and commerce between the two na
tions become obstructed as the result
of the unwarrantable action of a small
section of your population, the loss
sustained by the two countries would
bo incalculable.
“We. therefore, venture to address
you and express our views upon th:-
situation, confident in the hope thn'
they will be shared by you and thiit
you will, considering the matter upon
the right principles of national inter
course and the' mutual advantages of
trade relations, do your best to speed
ily eliminate the present causes of dis
cord and Insure our common prosperi
ty for the future. The chambers of
commerce have also addressed Presi
dent Roosevelt, appealing to him to .
exert his good offices toward the pres
ervation of good feeling between the
two countries.”
IS SUMS AGAIN
bolder is to be owned because the cor- j °f holding primaries the will of the
poration bought the voters for him. j people can be defeated, and tile
Even- time money is used to buv a j schemes of the machine may be sub
vote, or to hire a striker at the polls. | stituted for popular Government. A
true ideals of popular government are, common dodge is to call a primary
overthrown, and somewhere the people 1 laug before an election when the issues
themselves will suffer from it. are not before the people. No primary
Make it a crime for a corporation or : should be permitted more than sixty
special interest to contribute money j days hefore the election,
to polities. Make it a crime to buy 1 have no desire to discuss the past,
a voter or hire a striker at t'o polls. 1 but T would protect the future. Let us
Place upon every candidat
of showing, under oath. ;
; road companies will realize tfie respect
due to the State, and will present their
views to the Railroad Commission,
and conferences will be followed by
harmonioui relations.
The Railroad commission should be
reasonable and just to the railroads,
but if the railroads persist in an atti
tude of stubborn litigiousness, they can
hardly expect a continuation of gifts
from the State. If the railroads are
injured by resisting the authority of
the State, if they suffer in consequence,
the fault will rest upon their mis
guided officials and must not- be
chargeable to the State of Georgia.
Extent of State’s Power.
By exercising the authority I have
outlined, the State is still at but the
threshold of its power. I cannot better
indicate this than by quoting from a
letter of Robert Toombs’, recently re
published in Watson’s Weekly Jeffer
sonian.
“L We have the right of eminent
domain; the right to take all railroads
for public use when the public inter
ests demand it, by paying just com
pensation.
“2. The right of legislative repeal of
all charters created or renewed since
January 1, 1863.
"3. The right to forfeit by judicial
judgment all charters in the State for
violation of the same. These corpor
ations move and live and have their
being in daily violation of the Con
stitution and laws of the land, many
of 'which are legal grounds for for
feiture. Tiis remedy ought now to be
felony.
Education.
The chief object of government
should be to prevent special privileges
and to give all equal rights and oppor- Iments may at once be available to the
tumties. To this the men and jwomen \ pe0 p] e
in
south Georgia alongside of one of our
agricultural schools or else by a south
Georgia normal school.
The State College of Agriculture
should not be limited in its work to
students at Athens. It should conduct
extension work all over the State by
exhibits and meetings, at which may
gather those already engaged in farm
ing. that the results of the experi-
of Georgia are entitled, and you are
preparing legislation which insures it
to them.
The relation of the State to the
children goes mt'di further. It is the
duty of the. State to see that the child
ren are given an opportunity for all
preparation which their probable life
work requires.
Education fFom books alone is not al
ways of much value. .It should be ac
companied with practical training,
•having in view the future of the child.
Negro Children.
Let me refer to the negro children in
this connection. Any plan for the ne
groes which fails to recognize the dif
ference between the white and black
races will fail. The honest student of
history knows that the negro 'had full
opportunity for generations to develop
before the days of slavery: that the
negro race was improved by slavery,
and that the majority of the negroes
in this State have ceased to improve J
since slavery- Few have been helped I
by learning from.books. All have been
helped who have been taught or made
to work.
It is not the difference, of environ
ment: it is the difference of race, deep
seated, inherited for generations and
generations through hundreds of years.
From this college, coupled with the
Experiment Station, more immediate
returns can be obtained for the State
than from any other institution.
The problem of handling our' eduea-
tional intereests would be easv. but for 1111 '-' m ca„o.
the fact that the State is $1,250,000 be
hind in paying its appropriations to the
common schools. It is further behind
now than ever before at this period of
the year. But for this, I would with
enthusiasm contemplate the imme
diate progress of our educational insti
tutions.
I maintain that Georgia cannot afford
to leave her teachers without prompt
payment. I earnestly hope that we can
find a' way to accomplish this prompt
payment. *
I wish to see the business affairs of
the State brought to as accurate a
standard as that of the best managed
financial institution in Georgia,
I regret to say that the most accu
rate Information obtainable from the
office of the State Treasurer indicates
that after using all money collected be
tween this and January 1. next, we will
lack over $200,000 of meeting the ap
propriations required to be paid this
year, and besides this we will owe
NEW TORK. June 30.—At the office
of the Standard Oil Company no infor
mation was obtainable Saturday re
garding the course to be pursued by
John- D. Rockefeller in the matter of
the subpoena, directing him to appear
before the United States Circuit Court
John D. Rockefeller's counsel and
chief adviser in the case is believed t.>
be his son-in-law. E. Parmlee Prentice,
of the law firm of Howland, Murray ,A-
Prentice. At Mr. Prentice’s office it
was said that he was spending the
week end at his country place, Pitts
field, Mass. Mr. Rockefeller is Mr.
Prentice’s guest at Pittsfield.
Head of Standard Oil Not in Cleveland.
CLEVELAND, O., Juno 30.—At
Forest Hill, the home of John D.
Rockefeller here, it was stated to
night that Mr. Rockefeller is not in
this city, and those in charge of the
Rockefeller home professed absolute
ignorance as to his whereabouts. Mrs.
Rockefeller, accompanied by her son.
John D. Rockefeller. Jr., is at Forest
Hill, having arrived there Tuesday,
and at that time, it was understood
that John D. Rockefeller would conic
later, but the date of his arrival was
indefinite.
_ _ The large majority of negroes are
the duty | bv legislative action fix the time for | applied.” [incapable of anything but manual la-
detailed ! party primaries and surround them’ I do not urge that procedure be now I bor, and many taught from books
• cred legislation to promote pure popu- j full share of responsibility for the work by book than by character examina-
lir Government, and also legislation I of the commission. This was the plan ! ’ions. The negro school to he useful
upon the great question of protecting j of the original bill, and it is tie plan ; needs less books and more work. I
e.\rq ej passu* st sjjrjjr jo uoijjpuoo of the proposed law. favor a complete change in the exam-
the rights of the people in their reia- If the railroads continue the policv ! ination of teachers for the negro j an<J now the tiling for us to
' 1 • - - -■ — n i an | osmizing the.dlfficultv that
.•talement of what he spent, how he j with safeguards which will guarantee j begun to forfeit railroad charters, but (spurn labor and live in idleness. Eew
spent it. and where the money came in future an opportunity for the voters j X warn the men in charge of these i negroes are willing to work beyond the
frpm j to select thair officeholders, untram-I properties not to defy the conservative j procurement of the hardest necessities
With these three provisions enacted I meled bj- cunning devices. | demands now being made upon them. of life.
Into law. .a great step forward will be Regulate Railroads and Public Service Duty of Governor. The negro child should be taught
made. Then let us make elections sol Companies. I I believe it the part of wisdom to | manual iabor and how to live. The
clean in Georgia that other States, see-. Our pledges made to the people cov- j allow your chief executive to carry a I negro teacher should be selected less
Ing our good works, may follow our
example.
Constitutional Amendment Fixing
Franchise Standard.
I realize how difficult it will he to
reach the standard for which T plead ; tion
when a great number of qualified
voters are hopelessly ignorant and
purchasable. The difficulty is greatly
increased when a class of voters '.ms
for generations inherited incapacity
and must transmit the same incapacity
for generations to come. .
1 favor an amendment to the Const!- corporations and public service cor- will be brought forward by the trans- life white and tv.e negro race
ftition of the State which will fix a rotations are given special privileges i portation companies and public service ; kfTt in view,
new standard for the elective franchise, i primarily that the people disconnected j companies when litigation is precipi-
The proposed constitutional amend- with those companies may be bene- j tated. We must give the Attorney-
men! will b<- before you. With an.fited. (Genera] and counsel associated with
oath fresh upon my lips to support Lie i The stockholders rely upon the di- him every possible aid.
Constitution of the United States. I fa- rectors and off : cers of the corporation We must, if necessary, employ ex-
vor the amendment. ! to protect their interests. Tie rights perts to meet the railroad experts. I
There is no restriction upon the i of the public must be guarded by the beiieVe it to be part of the duty of the
right of a State to fix the qualifications i Slate in local matters, by the nation in I Governor to render all possible assist-
of those who may vote, except the pro-j interstate matters. ,ance in supporting decisions
vision of -he Constitution of the United! It is especially important at this commission.
States, wiich declares that “the right (time when many are ready to trar.s- I shall extiect the Railroad Commis-
of the citizens of the United States to . fer all control to the Narional Govern- sioners to give their time intelligently
vote shall not be denied or abridged by j ment tliat the State show capacity to ] and unitedly to the work of meeting
the United States, or any State, on ac-imeet its part of the responsibility. 1 any attack which may be brought by
<• mnt of race, color or previous condi- j Amend Railroad Commission Law. -the railroad companies. I ask you to
tion of servitude.” ! While the Legislature would be au-1 support the commission with anv
I have no doubt that the amend- j thorized to act for the State by fixing (funds that may be required to conduct
ment proposed is entirely free from : in deta'I the duties of transpojtation the side of the people as intelligently
Agriculture is the chief source of our
prosperity and wealth. A properly
managed agricultural college working
with the district schools, the rural
schools, and thost now engaged in
farming can revolutionize our present
methods, and immensely increase the
net profits from agriculture. This is no
new subject. I pressed it upon the
State Agricultural Society at Quitman
eight years ago.
When I think what the people of the
State have lost by the way of agricul
tural education has been neglected dur
ing the past eight years at Athens
while the -Morrell fund has been used
for classical instruction. I almost lose
pat’ence.
The School of Technology is aireadv
a great success, and must be supported.
Normal Work.
Good normal work is being done at
Athens and at Milledgeville. You can
not have common schools unless you
have ample normal facilities. The nor
mal school work of Georgia should be
extended and improved.
It might be well to make the school
at Dahlonega and the schopl at Mil-
iedgeville distinctively normal schools,
and add also a fourth school in south
Georgia
District Agricultural Schools.
The eleven district agricultural
schools form a largo undertaking. Tt
will be difficult to find suitable in
structors prepared for the practical
work to he done in these schools. It
would have been easier to start with
few, and increase the number . _ , ,
chools as we were prepared to handle mera ® a P'i -labor,
, mnnrns in trie*
$50,000 on the State College of Agri-
culture, appropriated last year, but | Second Summons for Mr. Rockefeller,
payable next year. ‘ CHICAGO, June 30.—In order to
This $250,000 about represents tlie' make sure that John D. Rockefelier
amount which the State has annually 1 will be served with a subpoena. Judge
for several years failed to collect from I Landis has decided to issue a sec-
corporations which can properly be j ond process for the oil magnate as the
classed as tax dodgers, and which I j original summons cannot be served
believe from this on they will he made : only in the State of New York,
to pay.
There are other subjects which I;
would be pleased to discuss, but I de- j
r ‘ire to raise no new unnesessarv '
issues at present. The reforms with
which we are specially charged are en
titled to first consideration. To them
immediately we will give our best
thought with the earnest purpose to
serve those who placed us hero to rep
resent them.
Ours is a great State. The people
make the State. To receive their con
fidence is an inspiration. We will lay |
aside all other plans, and. moved by a 1
great unselfish love, we will seek" to j
serve the Georgians of today and the !
children who must make the Georgia of j
the future.
Mav God help us to meet the re- j
sponsibilities which are upon us.
with common carriers and public of appealing to the courts when the | schools, and for them a different plan
rvlce corporations. j commission acts, the State must re- of management; T would have t'ne| u
Railroad corporations and public j sist these suits with just as much force ; schools help the negro, not injure him.
service companies are monopolistic inland power as the railroad companies I will not discuss the subject more
their nature. It is impossible for the (bring to their support. fully at present, hut I wish to be dis-
ordinary rule of competition to protect j It is utterly impossible for the Attor- tinctly understood. 1 seek the intel-
tlie right-! of the public in their deal- ney-General to meet alone the swarm I Agent treatment of the negro, and to
ings with such companies. Railroad of lawyers and 'hosts of witnesses that i that end the radical difference between
Racial d'fferences cannot be over-
(come by misguided philanthropists.
may come
. Thev should not be disrt
I however much criticism
j from any source upon us.
Respect the Law.
But no one should suppose that su-
j periority justifies cruelty. While every
them, but the eleven have been begun
do is. rec-
confronts
manfully to struggle for their com
plete success. I believe the money will
be ready to meet their legitimate ex
penses, and they will receive from me
loyal anl zealous support.
The Rural Schools.
The common school system of Geor-
must be j gia finds at its head a State School
Commissioner with, a board of educa
tion not composed of educators, and
giving little direction to the work. I
cordially commend the recommenda-
ion of the teachers of Georgia that
DUBLIN, Ga., June 30.—The farm
ers of Laurens County are opposed to
the foreign immigration movement and
the local unions of the Farmers’ Co
operative and Educational Union are
passing resolutions in opposition to the
foreign immigration scheme. The fol
lowing resolution was passed by Fiat
Rock Local No. 143; *
“Whereas, the press of the South is
clamoring for foreign immigration into
the South, and especially the State of
Georgia, and
"Whereas, if successful the result -if
such efforts would- be to put upon the
people of our country a class of for
eigners in no wise suited to the de
mands of our American citizenship,
unfriendly to our form of Government
therefore be It
“Resolved, first. That we. the mem
bers of Flat Rock Local No. 143, do
earnestly protest against the admis-
I special agent of the departmen't'if com- i f‘“ n "If t and . a * aihst
nr,a 1=w • th o efforts of those who are in anw
way supporting such measures as
PLANS AND METHODS
OF COTTON BUSINESS
WASHINGTON, June 30.—An ex- I
haustive investigation into the cotton i
goods export trade of England has just I
been completed by Wm. Whittam. Jr., j
who spent several I
SyringHa'plan^-Wch 11 has been^ ™> uId fl!! ou f °, ld Stat * ^e
great value In other countries. Major ' ery scum a °f ,he eastern country, who
Jno. M. Carson, chief of the bureau of I °£?2, S . ed „.—7 °1 9_° Vern ? len ^
manufacturers, has arranged that !
Special Agent Whittam shall make
tour covering the principal cotton man
ufacturing centers of the countries to
confer with manufaturers on the ques
tion of export trade expansion. The
special agent will take with him sam
ples of cotton goods procured in Lan
cashire that are in large demand in
nearly every country in the world, and
which will be exhibited and explained.
The plan and methods of doing busi-
and work against the best interests of
our country.
“Resolved, second, That we invoke
the American spirit of our people to
stamp out this effort to fill our South
land with the papers of the east, and
that we call upon our Representatives
and Senator and all other public offi
cials who have the interest of Georgia
at heart, to use all honorable means to
block this scheme of foreign immi
gration which can benefit only the
wealthy at the expense of the poor.”
had
constitutional objection,
denies nor abridges the ri;
citizen of the United Stat
on account of race, color •
erudition of servitude. It
certain standards which
reacted by every oitize
States before he ran be
in Georgia.
If it happens ilia: t
some particular 1
others th
bility to
i li flection
neither
t of any
to vote
or previous
only fixes
must be
>!' the United
ne an elector
members of
; mee than
s. th iir in:*.-
impanies and public service campa-;and forcefully as the side of the rail-
nies. these duties are so varied that : road is cinducted.
years ago Georgia adopted the policy; A Railroad Commissioner who can-
of placing the power and responsibility j not unite with his associates in a vig-
of the State upon a Railroad Conimis- orous resistance to any afack made
si a-. ,^.. r j> ; ,n r oad Commission law, i upon the commission’s findings owes
passed more than twenty-five years it to ri-e State to retire from the posi-
iigr-. bos in it si much of value which tiop. which he holds. The law author-
h is b-'.-n sustained by the courts, h it izes th'* Governor to suspend a com-[ab
I b--l!eve it to h* rite wise policy to rrfssioner. A suspension by the Gov- to
ri ' ■ t by amendment our present j ernor in no sense involves the idea ! ex*
co. p iss.in laws rather Lian to adapt i that the commissioner has committed pered wi
the j caution sh -uld be
crime, while the white men of
rious localities of the State should ] them,
know and apprehend any idle, uniden- | In the citi
tified negro who appears in a localitv,
punishment for crime belongs to the
law. The man who l-waks the law to
punish a criminal is himself a crimi
nal. and I risk the peopie of the State
to help me preserve law and order.
T'ero Is n > place in Georgia for riots
and
ness abroad will be gone into and sug- ,
board of education should be created ] gostions from mill men looking to fur- j __ Anl .. _ llvl „ rvcDi-icrt __
at the head of our common school sys- ther investigations invited for consid- ( gkalmjai mu tAERCIbES OF
tem for the State, eomptsod of men eratlon bv the department Special | l me u. s>. ARMY COLLEGE.
trained as educators, men who under- ■ Agent Whittam left for the South to-.
prevent' stand the wants
va- ' schools, and who
of
will
the
help
FORT LEAVENWORTH, Kan, June
common ; dav and will be in Atlanta from July ( graduating exercises of the
improve 2 to July 6: Greenville July 8 and 9; J ;nAe ~ ® ta . tes coliege were held
1 Spartanburg. S. C., July 10 and II; ^ ere Saturday. Gen. Franklin Bell and
and towns our common ! Charlotte. N. C., Julv 12 and 13 and j . Tlatl, commandant of the fort,
schools are nearly - every where under • Greensboro, N. C. Julv 14. j delivered addresses. The graduates,
the municipal government. Our rural ! \ Avbo included the infantry and cavalry
schools are without this direction. j LABOR COMMISSIONER
The rural schools of each countv in
the State will depend large 5 " for their
I success upon the work of the County
| School Commissioner He should he a
i trained teacher. Hr 1: uld be pre-
ill
become voiers is not “denied (an entirely new bill covering this sub-Ian impeachable offense.
the duty of the Governor to ex- I pared tto train the teach»rc :
haust the power of his office to prevent I He should give his w ■ - ti
lynching, and I shell perform this duty.! work, and be paid enou-- h t<
I go further in full knowledge of the j do so.
superior"" of the white racy I ree- j I do not mean 'o >yrz- that
ogniz“ 'hi* duty of tbr* white man to be ; County Schoo' Commies’.o'.-rs
■!y just. yes. "c should be kind 1 not trained tetichers sh-"-' '
negro. The white man should ' but I believ. c\Vtt
a controlling direction tem- should be etete^ci? County Si h
kindness over the negro. j missioners a3 J .rapidly as pos
dropped,
teachers
>o! Com- !
j classes, numbered thirty-eight. There
were five honor graduates. Second
NEILL IN WASHINGTON. I Lieutenant George C. Marshal!. Thlr-
j tieth infantry, leading the class with
NEW YORK, June 30.—Labor Com- ' an average of 967.751 points out of a
possible thousand. Lieutenant Mar
shall, who leads the class. Is a grad
uate of the Virginia military institute
of t-he class of 1901. He has been in
the service since February, 1902.
Capt. Kerth Capt. Rhodes and Second
Lieutenant Hodges, three more of the
honor graduates, are graduates of the
West Point, military-academy. Second
to New York
rider hjrjj - from Washington this morning, and
Be to the this afternoon held a two hours’ con-
afford to : ferenee with members of the executive
•committee of the Telegraphers’ union,
all of the After th* conference Deputy President
; who are Konerkamp stated that both national
ioi
situations were discussed
• say to what length the *
The white children of Georgia are! -It 1»-abeofiStely necessary-that the
but refused t. „ „
matter had been gone into. This LietuanaTlT Beebe, another honor grad-
evening the headquarters of the union i unte. is a graduate of the University ot
were deserted. j Vermont t ait--1
7*-'
^DISTINCT print