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B THE TWICE-A-W EEK TELEGRAPH REPORT OF NATIONAL CIVIC FEDERATION ON LABOR wSt!: tile conclusion that In all but the poorly paid forms of labor, and for v.*uy ” employees, municipalization - the wage or improved ] most ; tramwa ! has not working conditions of the employees above conditions in the private under takings. With respect to “common im- MEDICAL DEPA8TMENT COCKTAILS AND PRESIDENCY. , .From the New York World. Tuiaiie Uni v« r »lt y of Lotil.I.na The. story,.circumstantially told, that Ita adx-autages for practical instruction, pv,irhnnk<< served the both In ample laboratories and abundant , jJ hospltal materials, are unequaled. Free jseduclive but insidiously treacherous m k in n/\f iri/ i r rnDMMITTCn takings. With respect to “common, un- hospital materials, are unequaled. Free iuhiuiuusijt uwuihm™ Anlli rill I I If S MinlWl 3 I rrl organized labor.” however, the investl- ; access Is given to the great Charity Hos- ■ cocktail at the luncheon which he gave 1 1 — — b/wwini i * *“ ^ or. fnnn.i difference somewhat fa- D itaJ with 900 beds and 30.000 patients an- to President F.oosevelt on Decoration \tw TORK Julv 8—After an In- pendent of polities, as shown In Cleve — _ . ... ' r u - J . _ „ nJ Detroit and South Norivalk, the is a picked man, and second, that tt esiigatlon extending over nearly two Ian , ijetroit ana souin - ’ . class of labor is capable of exerting < mnnv of the l' 11 service commission ] s aot needed. cit counci i s a combined pressure whl vorable to British municipal employees, nually. Special instruction is given daily The r. port cites two causes for this con- at the bedside of the-sick. The next ses- dition: :lrst, that the municipal laborer: s ion begins October 21, 1907.' For cata- ■ ■ ' J that this logue and information, address PROF. S. E. CHAILLE. M. D.. Dean, P. O. Drawer and embrar of the IS, 1 ™ I city councils a combined pressure which 261. NEW ORLEANS, LA. ... ■ ,v f ignited. The Chicago system is a temporary. Stains for them better terms than the principal cities both of tne cnii bulwark built around the departments employing councilors accord to the men States and Great Britain, the >»«?“** until such time as the chief officer they hire in their private capacity for Civic Federation Commission on ^ UD *!himself can also be protected from similar work. "No street car undertak- llc Ownership and Operation has com-I HtIca , selection _ This i s the case 1 ing in Great Britain has ever been a pleted its duties. The important and JjJ BrltlEh cItIes ^here the idea of a private enterprise, in the sense m which interesting reports on labor condumns | c | vll servJce commission Is unknown. on labor conditions ..... the first to be made public. There ] But evcn th ere> especially in the Shef- nro two reports on this subject, one ny flel(J tramways, appointments have Prof. John R. Commons, of x\ isconsin ma( j e on the recommendation of University, and the oth£r , councillors. The experience of Glas- Sulllvan. editor of the "Clothing g OW j s instructive. Fifteen years ago Trades Bulletin,”, of New Tork. The t j. e practice of hiring employes on the report of Prof. Commons, under the recommendation of councillors was title of “Labor and Politics." is more un i versa ] | n a n departments. But with favorable to municipal ownership or , the grow th of municipal ownership It public utilities than is that o,. ] has almost disappeared. Sullivan, mado under the general head- “our investigations have shown that Ing, "The Labor Report.” Mr. Sulll- ' (j, e strongest safeguard for a manager — ■> tr» nnlitl- . ~r . van makes caustjc reference to Politl-, aga j nst t jj e pressure of outside recom- ral rottenness, evidence as to which : mendatlons is the recognition of or- deeiarcs was conclusive In Syracuse, i ^anized labor within his department. Allegheny and Wheeling. Prof. Com- , wherever we have found a class of rnons, on the other hand, holds that en ,pi 0 yes organized and dealt with as corruption under municipal control! SUC jj through their representatives we was no greater than under private have found those positions exemprt nersblp. The committee of Investigation of the commission Is composed of twen ty-one members, as follows: W. D. Mahon, president of Amalgamated As sociation of Street and Electric Rail ways of America: Prof. John R. Com mons, of the University of Wisconsin: J. W. Sullivan, editor of the weekly "Bulletin” of the clothing trades and a prominent labor leader: Walton Clark, vice-president of the United Gas Im provement Company. Philadelphia; Daniel J. Keefe, president of the In ternational Longshoremen, Marino and Transport Workers’ Association; Wal ter L. Fisher, president of the Muni cipal Voters’ League, of Chicago: Mel ville E. Ingalls (chairman), chairman of the Cleveland, Cincinnati. Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Company: Prof. Frank J. Goodnow. of Columbia University; Dr. Albert Shaw, (vice- chairman), editor of the "American Monthly Review of Reviews”: Edward W. Bemis. superintendent of Water works. Cleveland, O.: Milo R. Maltbie, formerly editor of "Municipal Affairs,’ of New Tork: Charles L. Edgar, pres ident of the Edison Electric and Illu minating Company, of Boston; H. B. F. Macfarland. Commissioner of the District of Columbia; W. J. Clark, for eign manager for tho General Electric Company, New York city; Timothy HeaJy, president International Broth erhood of Stationary Firemen: Dr. Talcott AVilllams, journalist; F. J. Mc Nulty, president International Broth erhood of Electrical Workers: Prof. John H. Gray, of Northwestern Uni versity: Prof. Frank Parsons, presi dent of the National Public Ownership League, and Albert E. Winchester, general superintendent of the electric works of the city of South Norwalk. Conn. The Committee’s Investigation The commission lias made a most exhaustive Investigation of public and private operation of the four leading public utilities, ga?. water, electric lighting and power, and street rail ways. in all the cities visited, both in America and Great Britain. Fifteen members of the investigating commit tee sailed for Europe on May 22 last year and returned to the United States in August. Among the cities visited abroad were Glasgow, Newcastle-on- Tyne, London. Liverpool, Norwich, Manchester. Birmingham, Dublin, Leicester and Sheffield. Investigations in the United States were made in Cleveland. Chicago. Philadelphia, Wheeling. Detroit. Indianapolis, Rich mond, Atlanta, South 'Norwalk, Syra cuse, Allegheny. New Haven and Hartford. A staff of engineers, ac countants and statisticians, numbering over twenty, of national reputation, were employed tb examine thoroughly every undertaking visited by the com mittee. These experts were so chosen, that In each examination made, both sides of the municipal ownership question were represented. Thus, one engineer, ac countant or statistician approached the. subject under consideration favorably disposed toward municipalization. While his colleague began his task holding views in opposition to that principle. Municipal Ownership Abroad. Certain effects of the municipal own ership movement in Great Britain on tho private companios are evident, >nys Prof. Commons. The Sheffield Company, under the far-seeing man agement of Sir Frederick Mappln, has directed its policy for many years with the distinct purpose of meeting the ar guments for municipal ownership. To from politics. This follows from the nature of labor organization which can not survive If individuals are given preference on political, religious, per sonal or any other grounds than the character of the work ^hey do. Even In the politically honeycombed muni cipal undertaking at- Allegheny, the union of electrical workers stopped the practice of pay ip g assessments by its members for political campaigns. The success of the civil service system of Chicago is owing more than anything else to the fact that organized labor has one of the three members on each examining board. The manager of the Manchester tramways ascribes his freedom from interference by Individ ual councillors to his recognition of the union that holds 90 per cent of his motormen and conductors.” Politics. In the course of his report Prof. Commons said: “I take it that the key io the whole question of-municipal or private own ership is the question of politics For politics is simply the question of getting and keeping the right kind bf men to manage • 1 and operate the municipal underlay ings, or to supervise, regulate and bargain with the private undertakings. The kinds of business that we are dealing with are essentially monopolies performing a public service, and are compelled to make use of the streets which are public property. If this owners are private Companies they are compelled to get their franchises and all privileges of doing business, and all terms and conditions of service from the municipal authorities. And in carrying out their contract with the municipality they are dealing continu ally with municipal officials. Conse quently it is absurd to assume that private ownership is non-political; It is just as much a political question to get and keep honest or business-like municipal officials who will drive good bargains with private companies on behalf of the public and then see that the bargains are lived up to, as it to get similar officials to operate a muni cipal plant. }Ve do not escape politics by resorting to private ownership—we only get a different kind of practical politics.” Examples in Various Cities. Referring to unfavorable conditions politically .under municipal operation, and citing an investigation of the Wheeling gas works, Prof. Commons says: "The secretary of the Wheeling gas trustees, quoted by my colleague as testifying to the political rottenness of the municipal gas works, is 'the same who testified to the political rottenness of the private ,gas. elec tricity and street car companies of that locality. Instead of relying on his statements. I itnerviewed a large number of officials, politticians, busi ness men, employes and others, and checked up his statements respecting both the gas works and the corpora tions. This shows that while the gas wroks are In politics, the public serv ice corporations are also in politics. The gas employes take part in the primaries of the Republican party and the motormen and conductors of the street car companies are given leave of absence on pay to work in the primaries of both the Republican and Democratic parties. Even the officers of the street railway employes’ union take part -in this kind of traction politics on behalf of their employes. The councilmen and aldermen nomi nated and elected in this way control ,, the municipal gas works, and they lvoid ******1011 It has refttlned from control the franchises and contracts ing to Parliament for permission to , nrivat » eomDanie „ Th „ Vltv going XO rariwmcni lor permission IO - . nrivate comnanies The Vltv i M rPn“!r g|tg -■‘*—ssrszsz, >«n^*£5. *y Jt has ctistriDuica us lar^e surplus ^11*1^1 toni* tho nrivata ,. . .. - m ^ nri/*oc 1 the political tools of tho private cor- profits in the b f t ° t r e ^ m en t s to ill plant 1 porntions as 11 is the rin - of municipal. oeuermcnis io us piam. im , Tn * f th rmiftMo for gas f>nd ueiieri.u.-ins I politicians. To pick out the politics Most instructs e of all is the attitude j ,i,, ...... .».,.i * ».. — .i— * of the companies toward their em- of the gas works and not to see that it is hound up with the politics of the private corporations would be ti in verse and one-sided method of inves tigation. The report gives not select ed facts, but all of the facts in the ... . . situation. Indeed, the secretary of the cognition of the gas w orkers union Wheeling gas trustees, in his indig- ®nd by a. resort to arbitration through -, a tion toward the nolffieai mnnn— e- ployees. "With the sentiment of muni cipal ownership ready to explode, the companion cannot afford to risk a strike. Tho Newcastle gas company has met this situation by a willing re- ■ which wages have been materially raised. The South Metropolitan Com pany has developed its copartnership scheme with astonishing shrewdness and careful attention to details, so that every disaffected workman is si lent or dismissed. The Sheffield Com pany, although its president had open ly attacked and wrecked trade unions in his private business, contented itself with gradually undermining the gas workers’ union, through the payment of wages and bonuses superior to those paid by other private employers of the district, and even in the case of un skilled labor, superior to those paid by the corporation of SV-fTield. Influence of Wage-Earners. The influence of wage-earners 'through tin-ir unions upon the condi- nation toward the political manage ment of the gas works referred to by my colleague, was defeatetd in the Republican primaries by the motor- men and conductors of the street car company on leave of absence as po litical workers. “In cities other than "Wheeling the convention system prevails instead of the direct primaries.-and consequently It was not found that the wage earn ers of the private companies took a similar active part in political cam paigns. But in Syracuse. Allegheny, Indianapolis and Philadelphia, xvhere municipal employes are named by politicians. It was found also that street car, electric, gas and water companies had employed men on the recommendation of councilmen. mayor hairman of a political committee. ti ns of municipal employment in the j This practice was carried furthest by United States has been complicated , the street car companies of Syracuse 1 trough the presence and activity of | and Allegheny. In Chicago, xvhere a practical politicians. In the municipal most rigid clx'il serx'ice law is en- enterprises investigated, except South ‘ forced, no ex’idence of political np- Norxvalk and Richmond, the eight hour j pointments could be found In the mu tiny has been ten or fifteen whereas, in t! hours are loni ly been reduc Hie d for the past ears for all employes, prixate companies the • or have more recent- for a portion, but not I the word is applied in this country, says Mr. Sullivan. “The twenty-one years' term of the franchise, the veto of company petitions by village authori ties. the enormous cost of Parliamentary powers and local assents, and various other restrictions non-exlsMng in the United States and impoverish British tramway company management and con sequently forbid an intelligent investi gator to employ British tramways hax'e always been semi-municipal. As by the terms of their franchises all English tramway undertakings max- he taken ox-er by the municipalities, directors man age their properties with that end In view. Compared with the remarkable changes for the better In wages and hours In the American street car In dustry under companies, the best of the British municipal labor Improvements seem hardlx- more than trix-ial.’ Conditions in British Municipalities. Little attention has been glx-en in the report of the class of British municipal- lzers who would carry municipal owner ship into fields wherex-er tney Imagine promise of a speedy remedy for civic abuses or economic betterment for the masses. “If any of the utopian schemes of these municipalizers had still bid fair to be fulfilled," the report continues, “the facts would hax’e been glx-en pass ing recognition and the hopeful outlook touched upon. Where advocates once looked for a constant expansion, this has been arrested by disillusion. Gox-emment ownership of undertakings of electricity and light railways cox-ering supra-muni- cipal areas max- be called for. but there the practical political leaders show a dis position to half. With regard to munici pal lodgings, steamboats and miscellan- eouts supplies, there has been reaction. Platform demands may be more numer ous than ever with extremely radical theorists who have the ear of the clam orous among the hungry masses, but the recent elections have gone against the radical sentiment and appropriations from councils and Parliament are com monly expected tn cease or folllow slowly. "In America <xe municipalized enter prises visited by our labor inx-estigatgrs have been rich mines for significant facts relating to politics rather than to labor. These facts are not usually among those heretofore emphasized by the American adx-ocates of municipal ownership. The testimony as to political rottenness, root and branch. In Syracuse. Allegheny and Wheeling is conclusix-e. The munici pal plants examined in these cities, it is to be remembered, wore selected as mod els by representative municipalizers j. of the Commission. Nor Is the politico; labor situation In Detroit. Clex-oland. phi- cago or Richmond at a" settled as wen as it might be. In Clex-eland, the pres ent mayor in the beginning increased his reform forces in the public water gift; partment so as to strengthen his Vote in the primaries—an act possible at all times also under the next succeeding ad ministrations. which may be bad where the present is good. The degree of pur ity attained by the present administra tion is attributable to the officials and the public sentiment aroused, and not to municipalization. In Chicago. where civil service is Ironclad, the appointment by the mayor of department beads and even of the Cix-il Service Commission it self. has more than once proved a vul nerable point in the cix-ic armor, with sad results. In Detroit, Cleveland or Chicago, the stability of the municipal ly operated enterprises rests largely on the mayor, who. howex-er. personally es timable and statesmanlike, necessarily becomes as a candidate a relatix-e good or bad pilitician. representing for a brief term a policy that mav change with his successor. It is plain that in this polici- cal situation the resultant labor problem is most difficult. An employee can only hold office in uncertainty, with its con sequent ex-ils. This form of disquiet is not usual in prix-ate employment. As_i0 Richmond, its exclusion of black men —iggests n burning race question indeed North and Soxitb. were municioalization generally adopted and Richmond’s, exam ple in that respect followed. “Any advantage In wages or hours to be figured out for the municipal enter prises inx-estigated in America ox-er tlie prix-ate ones compared xvith them look nmch like stale illustrations of the soft berths to be found In nublic employ ment. To xvhat extent the jobs are po litical for the employees, single or col lectively. Or a bid for the labor vote Is constantly a question. A correct view takes in these points: Syraeuse, 'the wa"es situation politicallx- ’debauched; Wheeling, the same: Allegheny, the same, to an extent that when a, differ ence of r,0 to 100 per cent in favor of municipalization is soberly computed by one man it makes another "laugh: .De troit, prix-ate and municipal plants but a shade difference: Cleveland, nine hours municipal against ten in the genera] la bor market, xvages the same: Chicago firemen in the fire department do not re- ceix-- union rates; New Haven, no mu nicipal undertaking: hours, right public departments as against nine "water works: Philadelphia. United Gas Improvement Company, better xvages and hours than any citv department, and a reduction from twelx-e-hour shifts under municipal operation to ei-ht under' the company, xvith higher wages. Further points to be kept In x-iew: With the companies mentioned many times more hands are employed than with the municipalities: good men hax-e been more certain of re taining tlieir places; the employees pay no political assessments and are othrr- xvise pollticallj- free; they work under better conditions as to comfort noa fut ure prospects. Public emplovees. fre- auently agaiost their will, under duress from 'officials who may injure them, promote bv election ' contributions the fortunes of certain men and parties, though at heart tliev. may be opposed to both. Thp executix-e—mayor, council man or department head—not only' In appointing, but in promoting or dismiss ing employees, is exposed to partisan, personal, social or other pressure. '' “Ex-en if the reformer in office Is gen uine, ex-en if the scheme he has promises •well for tile working masses, there' arises the question of the duration of his official powers and those of his successors with similar aims, together with the assidu ous attention of the public to its own seif protection.” Foreign to American Genius. On examining municipalization as ex hibited In the labor reports. Mr. Sulli van declares, it is seen to be a project to restrict men in their activities by methods foreign to the American genius, xx'hile in practice it has failed to make out the case of Its adx-ocates. as in the least measure a step forward in pro moting the best interests of the em ployees of the enterprises Inx-estigated. or of the occupations most closely inter- wox'en with them, or of tho nation’s broadening masses. Mr. Sullivan., in his report, says: “My colleague and myself, in closing our joint inquiry as to wages and condi- | tions in tho British gas undertakings I x'isited. agree in saying: Summarizing xvhat precedes, with the ITEMS OF INTEREST The picture post-card craze is di minishing in England. The average hand of a man is from one inch to an Inch and three-quarters longer than the xvoman’s everage. In Preston, England, the poxx-er gen erated by the burning of the city’s xvaste suffices.to operate the electric Day has set. the xxrhole country talking. As Mr. Fairbanks is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, which is most bitterly opposed to any form of liquor, the ministers and laymen of that- dhurch are especially shocked, whila temperance xvorkers arid ' prohi bitionists of all creeds or no creed are unsparing in denunciation. The Vice-President has clearly ar rived at the parting of the political ways. Three weeks ago the Fairbanks battle co' was “Buttermilk!” The Vice-President’s thrist for bucolic bev erage had won the approval .of every farmer in Indiana. Dairymen were flooding him with invitations to speak at milkmen’s picnics and cpxvs nodded It is said that there, are more men ^en he sped by in his car buried to the square foot along the Hooster .Methodiste figured that it was line of the Panama Canal than In * 11 ov * r J^t Hhe shouting and election any other part of the world. jPf n at-"Washington began to loom up The white population in Liberlk' is;"‘®-' ' " ' " showing a notable increase. It has Then came the luncheont tc.President been found . that African fevers are 1°!^ .LI less frequent and deadly there than in other regions. The night hawk makes no nest at all, simply laying its eggs in a slight depression in the ground. The eggs look so much like small stone3 that they pass undetected of the searcher. Iron cloth is largely used today by tailors for making the collars of coats sit properly.' It Is manufactured by a mexx- process from the steel xx-ool, and has the appearance of having been xvox-en from horse hair. Apples costing sixpence each, whole sale afe offered in Convent Garden market. They come from Tasmania and are said to be the largest apples ber, were sedately settled on the Fair banks furniture when some one xvhis- pered to the host xvhat the Gox'ernor of a certain State conveyed to the Governor of another certain State - on an occasion of similar importance. T.'ne telephone and a near-by club made It an easy matter to supply the liquid vacuum. Forty cocktails, each with a cherry, were soon on the table, one at the plate of each guest. At first the Methodists doubted: then they' investigated. All doubt on the gressive, militant assertion now. Let the Democracy give it! And then, if it can only find another Clex'eland to stand on that platform, it xvill be at least on the path to victory. "Aye, there’s the rub!" Failed. All efforts have failed to find a bet ter remedy for coughs, colds and lung troubles than Foley's Honey and Tar. It stops the cough, heals the lungs and prex-ents serious results from a cold. J. N. Patterson, Nashua. Ioxva. writes: “Last winter I had a bad cold on my lungs and tried at least half a dozen adx-ertised cough medi cines and had treatment from txx-o physicians xvithout getting any bene fit. A friend recommended Foley’s Honey and Tar and two-thirds of a bottle cured me. I consider it the greatest cough and lung medicine in the- xx-orld.” H. J. Lamar & Co., near Exchange Bank, Agents, Macon, Ga. 1905. OR. J. J. SUBERS. Permanentlx- located in the specialties venerial. Lost energy restored. Female irregularities and poison oak. A cure guaranteed. Address in confidence, with stamps, 310 Fourth st.. Macon, Ga. charge of members of temperance so cieties and sandwich men of estab* lislied reputation. The serenade lasts until 6 o’clock in the morning, xvhen the dreaded ringing' of church bells sends the. "parranderos” home xvith repentant feelings creeping ox'er their ' con sciences and the natural ill symptoms of ox-er-Indulgence. The arrival of this hour is a source of pleasure to some, while for those x\-ho are com pelled to steal their way into theit nests and fear a xvarr.i reception ai the hands of irate mothers or heavily armed wi\-es it brings on gloom and recollections of past experiences on CELEBRATIONS OF TWO REPUBLICS COMPARED: the glorious morning of Sept. IS. j Let the infamous tyranny of my Louis F. Correa in Mexican Herald, j stepmother cease forthwith, the col- The celebration of Mexico's inde- I htrless young dude would drawl, pendence by Mexicans widely differs! Long: live Mexico and the heroes from the manner in xx-hieh Americans | of Independence! Down with tyranny celebrate their fourth of July. j and oppression! Let us have the The unusual enthusiasm prevailing i fen ultima and go home, come what generally among the American people j ,na >'- on that date appeals strongly to the! ~ TT I Mexican resident in the United States, j -The Charming Woman and all the more does it attract his at- ' s J 10 * necessarily one of perfect form tention since the celebration of that glorious annix-ersary is almost exclu sively in the hands of the peopie. Mexicans are xx-ont to express the opinion that the fourth of July is and has alxvavs been a "roaring” success, ex-en in foreign countries and the ad- matter xx-as dispelled x\-hen Pinkerton ; jective is undoubtedly, rather appro- men marched into the meeting of the priate. temperance • meeting and ' deposited forty cherry, pits on -the table. They 1““ ‘LLv ' Th«- in Size had ‘been found somewhere around the ever groxXn. They are equal in size ttm vw. to the small English melon. Sopie time ago a woolen manufac turer in the North of England suc ceeded in .making a fabric, from old ropes. He obtained a quantity of old Fairbanks home. Tltut settled the Vice- President’s chances of being a dele gate to the quadrennial conference of the church, as- far as the blue ribbon members of the, church were concerned. They were determined that Fairbanks rope and cordage, unraveled them and T !LtTlhL '-n-huVZk, ii-m-ft ftitfim ,i cormt nrnresq into a. should not float into the I\ lute House wove triem by a secret process into a kind of rough cloth. A x-illager of Cauterets, in the Pyrenees, was gathering wood brought on the crest of a cocktail current. That is why t.he cocktail bids fair to be a national issue in the Presidential r V l cJIcco, >x aa gctiuciilljs n uuu uiuugiu • ■ _ ^ _ - * - rpt_* r n .4. zt,_ j. doxvn from the mountains by avalan- L?*2?!? 1 f ? c * 1 * ches, xvhen he found a human head Friirbflnks Wa j^jeted onjthe incased in a,block of ice. It is believ ed to be that of a Parisian tcho was lost in the Tegur last summer. The, .oldest xvhite race on record . is said to .be •• the Berbers, who live in Africa. ‘ They are as white as Euro peans. It is not uncommon to find blue eyes and fair hair among them. Many of them have rosy cheeks and features no- much like Europeans that. . . , - • . xvere they dressed like Americans, they »cik. =« snob. Their- re- separable. If you attack one you as xvater-wagon. and possibly turned doxvn his glass at the famous luncheon, ax-ails him not.: “I don’t think that Fairbanks should be sidetracked on account of this cock tail story." said a well known Senator at 'the-' Fifth Avenue Hotel yesterday. ’If my memory serx-'es me' right, George Washington xx-as the originator of the When on the morning of July -i the newly arrived Mexican in the United States is “roaringly" awakened from his placid sleep he belie\-es himself the victim of an anarchistic plot, as if he xvere in darkest Russia: his subtle thoughts lead him into unexplored re gions of American patriotism un knowingly, and his first move is in the direction of the information bureau, which is always found in the respec table person of the landlady or the “graclosa” chambermaid. “Mexy” will be told. that conspira cies of the anarchistic sort do not take plare - In" "TITS States" and that the source of such strenuous demonstra tions on the part of young folks is to be found at the bottom of America’s way of celebrating independence. This will ease his mind to a con siderable extent, but his encounter with a group of boys on the streets, and the subsequent explosion of all, of their employes In the more skill ed branches of work. This advantag< in municipal undertakings has been nlcipal electricity or xvater depart- j ovrP p,| 0 n of the twelx-e-hour stations of ments during recent years, but men 1 tho Soatli Metropolitan Company, and xx-ere hired on recommendation of al- j taking into account the general level of dermen by the prix-ate electrical com- J wages in the sex-eral localities, it cannot panics at the time when their con- ! he said that there is any material dif fracts xvere before the council for re- f erpnc P between the public and private iracis were uviore me countu lor rc | undertakings in the wages of stokers or nowal. in the average waces of tho shift-workors In general. Prof. Commons finds oorn- j n j» le re tort house?. The differences that brought about, not by a definite labor labor better paid by municipalities 0ccUr jo not show a prevalence one way party, but by the influence of wage- J America than bv private companies. , Q r the other, but they tend to follow earners as voters upon the mmdcipal I H ?. T *® y 5L minimum ! c ! oscl ,?^ he « In the I mted states the minimum j the locality. Irrespective of whether Officials , ... P'nd f'T cmnnvrn la'-.r bv pnv:>-c , 1P(1 „ rt ., kl ,,_ is niont.ged bv a meni- Prof. Commons Views. ; =. ... , -is« \t!.inr > ... bv 1 private company. The The x-Iexvs expressed by Prof. Com- loxver than that of the municipality, nrd Ci ^« e the' txvclve-hour shifts‘of the mens are tn many respects favorable to the minimum nnid fer common labor by; municipal ownership. He finds, how.- ' ’"’’"'e 1 "” 1 xx-ould easily pass as such. -ligioB. is Mahometan.' ''Jl’hen a. Chinese Emperor dies the intelligence is • announced by dis- piftohh? to the several provinces. They are x^rfHcn witk blue ink, the mourn ing colorX Ail persons of rank in China, areN-^quired to take red silk ornaments from their caps, with the ball or button of rank. • All the mil lions, of subjects of China, xvithout ex ception, are called on to forbear Shav ing theif heads for one hundred days. During that period rone may marry or perfbrrri any sacrifice or play on mus ical instruments... . *i.' . Pincers made of oak, about four feet long, were-used in the past by church sextons In.England and Wales to pull dogs from under the pews. The dogs of the past xvere accustomed to folloxx- their masters to church, and when they could would slip through the door and disturb the serx-ice. When the sexton tried to eject them they would hide under the"‘benches or be hind the pulpit, and he xx-ould yank them forth squirming and groxx-ling from-their-hiding places with his long wooden pincers. - ;.; :■ : Catulle Mendes xx-111 establish an open air theater in the' forest of Saint Germain, xx-here he has a country-seat. The model xvhich he' intends to imi tate is the open air .theater in xvhich Goethe produced some of his plays at Weimar. It is . to seat ; twenty-seven hundred spectators, and to-be covered over in xvet weather. The first pro duction xvill probably. be Musset’s “La Coupe et les Levres,” and after that some of the younger dramatists, xvith Vvhose work M. Mendes .sympathizes, will have’a chance Since Pious X xx-as elex-ated to.. the pontifleial throne, lessIthan'four years ago, no foxx-er than fifteen cardinals hax-e died. , •. . About' onfe-third of the land in the Mexican state of Durango is held, by fifty-five men. One estate cox-ers 1.- 000,000 acres. Rex eBach,. the author, of "The Spoilers is a manufacturer of bricks —not the kind used.in illegal titans actions, but real building brick. The next. National Republican Con vention xvill he composed of 992 dele gates. of xvhich 332.- will come - from the south. The number required to nominate is 497. Nestling under the aliadoxx- . of small volcano at Penon. Mexico,- is perhaps the smallest church, in • the xvorld. This edifice is: about ten feet high and twelve feet .wide. Of all the slang expressions xvith which xve are afflicted today, o.bserx-es the Railroad Mari’s Magazine, the txvo that mean the most, are “It’s up to you.” and “On the job,” Gulls are being trained..for_ postal service in place.of carrier pigeons l>y the maritime station of the biological department of the Unierslty of . Ly ons, at Toulon, on the Mediterranean. In Belgium all cows river three months old are to be’ seen .wearing earrings. Breeders are "obliged, to keep a record - of all cattle raised by them, and each animal has a'registered trade number, xvhich is engraved on • a ring fastened in its ear. Tony Cahepa. 'living "near Artesian Avenue and West Ohio street, snared a xvolf on Monday on the prairie near his home. Yesterday he applied to the County Clerk for a bounty. The clerk found that the County Board had neglected to provide a wolf bounty fund.—Chicago Tribune, custom. TV ashington and. cherries, lik.e | dozen bombs as he goes by make . - -• -id in- return to the conclusion that assail the other. No. sir; I beliex-e that if Charley stands pat on the cocktail issue •'te'll take his place in history with the immortal George." "Vice-President Fairbanks always stops here'when ‘in .'town,’! said the manager of an uptoxx-n hotel. “I xx-as surprised when I read the cocktail story. His famous drink has alxx-ays been the Fairbanks cocktail—a glass of buttermilk with a radish in it.” "Any attefnp.t to discredit the cock tail xvill act as n boomerang." said Humbert, the -bead xvaiter at the Cafe Martin, Broadway ■ and Txx-enty-sixtn street. "It's as much a part of Amer ican- life as tlje. Declaration of Inde pendence.” ' A Wonderful Happening. Port Byron.-. N- hris-,witnessed one of the most remarkable cases of heal ing* ever recorded. Amos F. King, of ■that place ' says: . "Bucklin's Arnica Salx-e cured a sore on. my leg which I had suffered over SO yee.-s. I am noxx' eighty-five.” Guaranteed to cure all sores-by all Druggists. 25c. that the proper method of deal ing with employes is the most difficult and critical problem of municipal own ers ip. and he favors recognition of organized labor as a safeguard against tin- pressure of outside (political) re- ci unmenda tions. On this subject be says: “The appointment, promotion and dismissal of employes and the Wages to be paid offer peculiar opportunities for political and pers nal influence in- c nslstent xvith efficiency. Cix-il ser- vio- reform, so-called, has been found i:t it- highest perfect'on in the city of Chicago but it is evident by compar ison with a less perfect device in Syra euse that Its integrity depends >n the Mtica’. influences that control the zyor and heads of departments, if head of the department is inde- in none 01 tie .-xraerican eamrorises / tvestiarated were the common laborers rganized. In the municipal undertak- t U igs they are paid hiebec wages and 1 |a Ix-on shorter hours than In the ease of , J . municipal undertakings is higher than i that of private companies of the same ! I locality. "In none of ‘he American enterprises investigated were the common laborers organize ing giv [private employees of the same locality, i They are also in all rases r!tiz“ns of the United States and residents of the lo cality. The common laborer of the p--'- x-ate companies. p\-r.-pt in Indianapolis and the Southern cities, where hex- nre colored, is coiripn.ee i largely e r ; *11 m i- >-Tat* and no attention is p-.id as t a whether the- have secured citizenship paper "In the matter of wages orinrinal effect of moni ts seen in the unskilled labo- in both countries In ‘>-t ef st: his observat If t h e Stomach. Liv er or Kidneys are in "bad shape” the Bitters xw i I I restore them to a normal condition and cure Cramps. Nausea. Diarrhoea. Biliousness, Indigestion. Long Lixfe the King! is the popular cry -.throughout Euro pean countries: while In America, tho cry of the present day: is “Long live Dr. King's New Discovery. King of Throat and Lung Remedies'” . of xx-hich Mrs. Julia Ryder Paine, Truro, Mass., says: “It never, fails to give immediate relief and to quickly cure a "cough or cold.” Mrs. Faiije’s opin ion is shared by a majority of the inhabitants of this country. Nexv Dis covery cured xx-eak lungs anJ sore throats after all other remedies have failed, and for coughs and colds it’s ine only sure cure. Guaranteed by all druggists. 50c and $1.00. Trial bottle free. South Metropolitan Company Is pecu liar ,and rea’.rires the discussion of an other aspect of the'question—the amount of work done by the stokers. “Relatix-e to the electricity undertak ings. the Investigation sums up: “ It has . been fountf Impossible to make a satisfactory comparison of the wages paid In electrical Undertakings, on account of the wide differences in :na- coinorv. equlnment. character of work, size of station, range of wages and mimes of occupations. The subdivisions of labor varies gjrejEtlv from pine,, to place, amt n large establishment xvith a minxite subdivision of specialized wprkem | th e platform at both end ‘iBack to.-Cleveland’s Program.' From the-New York Commercial. There xvill be very-sen era I agreement among the rank and file of the Ameri can Democracy—xx-ith former Justice Morgan' J. O’Brien’s suggested “cure” for- the discord . and ‘the distrust at present-tearing the party and its or ganization intq shreds and patches. Commenting in London last Saturday on-. the Democratic situation in -Nexv York particularly., he pointed out that there are three very strong elements in the-party-here all at war with each other, and that, present efforts to find some' common ground on which all three can meet “hax-e somewhat of the elements of Diogenes' search for an honest man.” .He. insists, however, that some progress has been made in this direction—a, discovery that is per haps ’ more discernible at- long range from England than right here at home. But xx-hen it comes to the larger field of American politics—that xvhich xvill absorb popular, attention next year— Judge O’Brien puts out a suggestion that, xvhile no claim for originality can be made for it, possesses both timeli ness and enilnent practicability. He says:' •• S .“My interest has'been, purely that of a desire.to see Democracy present a united front to Republicanism. The Deritocracy. to my mind; should unite upon one issue; tariff reform: in other xvords, xx-e should get back, to Cleve land's program, xvhich xvas tariff re form': and I Relieve that In this xre xvould hax-c the, people and public sen timent xvith us. To ray mind the evils of trusts -hax-e • been xx-rought siinply through unfair tariffs. Without these protecting tariffs the giant trusts'could not- : have-.sprring into existence and obtained -their hold upon the industries of the' country, xvith the. incident'll evils of-unjust .rebates. Therefore, ad just -the tariff,' make it equitable, and you naturally ourb the trust in a ra tional and safe maniier. There- has nex'er .been full assent, either within the Democratic party or. naturally enough; in the camp of its adversary, xvith the proposition first made by President Hiyenteyer of the American Sugar Refining Company Americaris celebrate their 16th of Sep tember in an appropriate but deafen ing manner, quite unlike the lengthy ceremonies which quietly take place in every town in Mexico on such oc casions. The attempt at becoming a public speaker, when likened to the probabil ity of losing one’s eye, is naturally -to be preferred. Young men in interior Mexico often resort to their abilities as orators in order to participate actively, in the celebration of the independency of this country, and it is upon the xvide range existing between the modus cel- ebrandi of both countries, that there is as much, interest for Mexicans in the fourth of July's strenuous demonstra and features. Many a plain woman who could never serve as an artist's model, possesses those rare qualities that all the xx-orld admires: neatness, clear eyes, clean smooth skin and that sprightliness of step and action that accompany good health. A physically xveak woman is never attractix'e, not even to herself. Electric Bitters re store xveak women, give, strong nerves, bright eyes, smooth, * velvety skin, beautiful complexion. Guaranteed at all Druggists. 30c. POINTS 'ABOUT PEOPLE tions in the United States, as there is William Abrams Martin, the solitary survivor of the twelve men xvho con victed John Broxvn, is living in Vir ginia, hearty and strong at 75 years. Rider Haggat-d is a very rapid xx-ork- er with his pen. “She,” for instance, was written in six xx-eeks from the time Mr. Haggard began it till it was ready for the publishers. ■ Red Cloud, the famous Sioux chief, is now very old, and, realizing that ho must soon depart for the happy hunt ing grounds, he has issued a pathetic appeal to the xx'hite people to be good to the poor Indian. To carry on the life work of his wife, xvho preceded him in death, James Morris, of - New York, made provision in his will for a bequest of $37,000 that the crippled children and the sick little ones of St. Luke’s Hos pital might enjoy rides in Central Park and music. Mrs. Rosa Harrison, of Trenton, N. J., just dead at the age of 104 years, had never before suffered a single day’s illness. Mrs. Russell Sage has made public gifts amounting to ox-er $13,000,000 xvithin the past year, including the $10,000,000 for the Sage foundation. It is rumored in Copenhagen that the Princess Thyra, second daughter of King Frederick, is betrothed to Prince Adalbert, third son of the Kaiser. Stuyvesant Fish, Jr., the multi-mil lionaire's son. xvho disappeared in the for Americans in the quiet and lit erary-muslcal program obserx-ed in this country year by year. But the interest of Americans in such celebrations cannot be properly aroused, unless the day is spent in the little x'illages and cities in the interior. The program is generally similar to those adopted in toxvns of the same size and for that reason being pres ent during the festivities at Painted Post is equivalent to attending the celebration at Red Cat. The indispensable committee is ap pointed xvith due anticipation and the ringing of bells at 4 -o’clock’a. m. on September 16 marks the beginning of the festivities. Twenty-one guns are fired at dawn, noon and at 6 o’clock in the afternoon, the firing of any other kind of explosives being strictly prohibited. It is yet a doubtful point -whether the roar of the explosion of bombs and cannon crackers in the United States could begin to droxvn the deaf ening sound of the numberless bells that are simultaneously rung tn small toxvns in Mexico. Shouting at the top of one’s lunir? becomes a fad during tho*» excruciating moments, if one wishes to make one’s self heard at a comparatix-ely short distance. The “peladitos,” and in. many in- stan,cces the riity prisoners, apply themselx'es xvith unrestrained earnest ness to the pleasant task of ringing hells in- the church frieeples. and the vigorous xx-ay in xx hie lithey display their patriotic sentiments for txventy or more minutes is positively refresh ing, persons possessing the valuable asset of fireproof, copper-riveted, hand-painted temper being the only ones that stand the ordeal. In marked contrast xvith this bust ling. deafening demonstration, the “velada” on. Sept. 15 affords the vis itor a restful and enjoyable period of four hours in -which to brace up his nerves from the fatigue cf travel, tho opportunity being -also at hand for exercising patiience and physical en durance. ..The reading of the -Declaration of Inctependenee is given precedence and is alxvayk“fallowed by the .strains of the antiqnal iitrthem. The official speaker’s turn now ar- rix-es. To this task the most learned citizen in the toxvn is alxx-ays as signed and the length of his speech is gox-qrned by the numbers of the pro course of his learning the railroad bus iness, has been found at Muskogee. I. T„ selling tickets for $15 a xx-eek. After covering 1.S00 miles in tour ing France on his bicycle. Second As sistant Adee of the State Department is back in Washington and holding tho helm of state in the absence of Root and Bacon. < "While serx-ing a term in the Tombs for grand larceny. Gustax'e A. Girard, former cashier for a Broad street firm of Nexv York, xvill continue his xx'ork as accountant until November, straight ening out his books. Joseph Doctorovitz, a teacher of He brew and a student of old Jewish in4 stitutions, has put on exhibition in Nexv York a complete reproduction of the Temple at Jerusalem. . It is 15 feet square and includes the several courts and palaces of the priests. The First Requisite of Beauv/. The first requisite of beauty is a clear complexion. Orino Laxatix-e Fruit Syrup clears a sallow blotched complexion as it stimulates the liver and boxx-els. and the eyes become bright and clear. You oxve it to youi- friends- to take it if your complexion is bad. Orino Laxative Fruit Syrup does not. nauseate or gripe and is x-ery pleasant to take. Refuse substitutes. H. J. Lamar & Co., near Exchange Bank, Agents, Macon, Ga. JOHN KENDRICK BANGS ON NA TURE-FAKING. Mr. Bangs contributes to the current Harper's Weekly these interesting views on a current topic of xvide ap peal: Oh, I am a bold Nature Fakir, With a bubbiing fountain pen. I write up the beasts of my Maker, And tell xvhat they might hax-e been. I’ve told strange tales of Pink Monkeys Who talked o’er a telephone; And yarns of green-violet Donkeys I’x-e met in the Torrid Zone. My story of “Curly the Boa,” Who sat on a Sausage Links, And hatched out some seventy-four Small caddies xvith' black x\-oolly- kiriks Is noxv in its hundredth edition. And makes other Naturalists blue. . Although, I must make the admission. It isn’t quite all of it true. that “the tariff is t/ie mother of the I by the members of the loxx-er class i gram in order that the “velada" ipay j B ^ r *»w 1 ^ repining. -at 11 o'clock, xvhen the l worry and trouble andjear The President s ripped the gold lining From out of my ebullient career. He's sent me a melon so mellow * It’s laid me out frigid and flat. end exactly chief executive commemorates cry of independence. But the occupancy of the platform the I fliiiv liax-y extremely high-w-ices fo- a fcv. and pvtTenn-ty low for others. afthoti~h the name? of the oeeupatlons mo-y be the sam- --s those whe-e the Wf»-k is less r'lb'iivid/'d. ' e->re f «il 'er-ind nation of different rny-n'ls and dlff-—e—t stations, lior.-eeer le-'dv to IV rnneiusino that, ns !- --'e C : •id-—,ki-i-s. there is no (r-isur'.-'f-*- *fe—d.enev nge Way or the the* - nfl t , !r-" , '.ffe-mce.e dr-v-od main- t.i-o-i the qjfferencffs in sreneral 1,-r-l n” :'i- «•>?( .• of the Jneflltj-.' " nitru bonfires. Visions of an Indiana •trusts,’ ” al'heit a by-no-meuns-incon- slderable element In the party of pro tection believes it. The strong under current of sentiment for tariff rex-isfon now running through, both political parties has other reasons for existence than a cure for "tlie trusts"—a some thing that appears to have been pretty nearly effected, through x-ery different specifics. But' the. Republican party will never in a platform assert that sentiment unmistakably. . vigorously, mllitantly—if it ex-er did. it xvould go to pieces under the shock. Something like a reassertibn of the tariff declara tions in the Democratic platform of 1892 could, however, be placed effect ively^ that Instrument for 1908. Those party outgivings of sixteen years ago xx-ere the boldest, the rixost radical pro nouncements' against high protection ever launched, by a responsible political party: even Grox-er Cleveland balked at them a bit: for in his letter of ac ceptance he took card to avoid indorse ment of such- expressions as “a fraud and a roibbery'of tlie majority.”-"cul minating atrocity of class legislation” and so forth, and . contented himself with the milder “dogma.” and “clearly contrary to the spirit of our Constitu tion:” and he ex-en sought to set the platform "right'’ by employing the phrase “freer raxv material" instead of- ■free raxx- materials:" one of his critics has declared that he "xveakened But it is a matter of history that beth he and it "sxvept the country" in November. 1892. The reason was fhat foe neopie at large xvanted "tariff reform"—“tar'ff rex-ision" the?' cad it now—and the radical platform attracted ope element, while Cleveland’s conservatism drew under his. banner another and a larger element, fo if included both Demo crats arid Republicans. Tariff rex-ision requires a bold, ag- the one interesting feature of the cele bration to xvhich the r^'ntion of the x-isitor is Irresistibly drawn and fqr one conversant xvith the Spanish lan guage the pleasure of listening to an incoherent and excruciating' laughable oration is xx-ell worth the trouble of taking a short trlD. A Real Speech. In a small village in the State of Guanajuato the appearance of a farm laborer attired in gaudy charro cos tume at the theater during the “vela da,” and his request t o be alloxx-ed to speak, held the audience axx-e-struck for several minutes at the graceful ness and precision xvith which he de livered his speech, which was after- xx-ards printed and distributed throughout the State. His introductory, remarks prox-oked hilarity at the outset, for he began by addressing the people as “males and females.” but xvhile his entire discourse xx-as bristling xvith laughable and most peculiar expressions of the Spanish slang vocabulary, the ideas thus improperlx- conveyed impressed the audience xx-ith being most co-ordi nate and lucid. After the' “x-elada” an all-night serenade follows on the city streets, and it Is this particular and attrac And xx-orst of it all. though It's yelloxv, It’s not a real lemon at that. Sultan’s Ragged Soldiers. . The Sultan’s army suggests a regj- lar country circus. Every Friday one may see a sample of these monkey- like soldiers at the parade of the Sela- milk xvhich takes place on the Kasha square at 11 a. m. A battalion marches past in double column and salutes the Governor xvho goes front his palace to the mosque. All these warriors are poorly equip ped. Their uniforms have lost their color and their trousers are ton .short showing their legs, which shine as -if they had been covered xvith shoe pol ish. Hoxx-ever. it xx-ould be a mistake to think that this gang of ragged ruf fians could not stand a fight. Fana ticism will make heroes of them, fer their contempt of death is absolute.— Chicago News. Advice to the Aged. Age brings infirmities, such as slug gish bowels, xveak kidneys and blad der and TORPID LIVER. tive feature of the celebration that the Mexican girl enoys the most, for the j band, accompanied by. groups rxf “polios” (dudes in English), chival- | rously maintain a rigid x-ieil under the iron barred windows, to the young damsel's heart’s content and to the complette x-anquisbment of the heroes of independence from the minds of the young folks. The musical party does not. of , course, t^x-el over the citv on an [ empty or dry stomach. A liberal ap- : propriation is alxvavs made for an j smbulent saloon whic hij placed in ! havea specific effect on these organ?* stimulating the bowels,causing then to perform their natural functions a* in vouth and IMPARTING VIGOR to the kidneys, bladder and LU ES, They ere adapted to old young. r INDISTINCT PRINT