Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

mmNmI It Is Mt * MM AI.UANV. OA., dec, JBjfey wuMPBiwia MESSAGE. T|m MMbwiI 4iMr|Mii»llos nf Dm Union, U lick the President bis m often e*U*d lb* alien- p.v*riL r £» h i?4?aaw.osi^ ii.f I p.m.l ii(u«(ioa, although MWi uilrial b) traolrro, la uttwtuh oiptolrotr «fi aritoM. "Here aliall tbo pm L'nawrd by fear ut ttnbri free gnrerauriat, My dlmiatok thrif fr.easwuy aad - ' letarli; ‘ “ ‘ inltlgaia tbeir aa eerily by directing sit Ita pTUM.d- * aaa aab tit faailanalal lav. war baa bean broegkl ia a close, li iwr (fct glal< Inflated la maaifaaily the feel lalaraat and duty of Iba male in repair !ba lajurlaa vklab Um war baa iipun iha laraalaatlaa af Iba rebellion, promptly ao- repirtl. not aaly by Iba Cieeallro Depart meal, bal by ibr laaarroelleaary Btaloa ibamaalroo, and re ainrailon. la iba brat mamaalaf peace, waa beUerod to ba'aa eaay and eertaia aaH waa la ba Indiapaa- aablo. Thfl ~ • abb The eapaotoltoro, bowarcr. tbea ae ad ceafidaatly enlertalned, vara dlaa tagtltalloa from which I fait eeaatrml ably, _ Otl by bfMailwi from vklab ! fall renolreto.fi, by my eblifalleaa to IbeOonalilullen, la withhold aay sweat. Ilia ikarofora a aoarae of prafoand regrot that In oamplylag vllb Iha obllgalioa imposed apaa thi I’raaltleal by Iba Ceattilwtloa, la giro lo Ci from lino lo lima Information of tka olala Inion, | am naablo ta oommunloala aay dedal La ndjuataiaat, aaltafhetory ta tka A marl ana paopla, of tlm f|itoatioaa vbiok, alaaa Ike oloae of urn rebel- lion, liaro agitated Iha pabllo mfad. On Iba eon- ' irnry, candor oompola mo lo declare that at tkla time there la ao Union aa oar Falhora nndor- ntood the lorm, and aa tkay meant It to ba aadar- rtoodbyna. Tbo Union vklab thnyoatahllakedone oilat only when all Ibo Males are raproMntad la both Ifouaoo of Congraaat whore tao Bute lo aa Irooaa anal bar lo regulate III Inland! aonoarna ac cording to ita ovn will I and where the lawe of the central Uorarnmont, aerially confined la matlara of national jurladioilon, apply whh equal force lo all i hr people of erory aectiaa. Thai onak la not Iba prreent ".late of the Union" la a melancholy fool I nml wa all muat acknowledge that Ike realorollon nf the Rialoa lo their proper legal relation! vllb with one another, ao. ho ilie greatest temporal blearing which Sod! In V ,A '■ """ 1 thta nefla i hr Federal Oorrmmaat and with I connect, w _ ^ ^ ^ J iiia kindrirprorldanoaroonld bellow upon this nation. It hceomea our impoiatlra duly lo eonaldar whether or not 11 la Impossible lo afoot Ihla meat dealrabla COIMUIIltniiioB. The Union and the Coaatllullon are Inaonarabla. All along aa ona la obeyed tka other will be pro- reread, and If one la deatrayed both muat pariah logdilior. The daatrnollon or tbo Uonatltutlan will 1,0 followed by other and allll greater ealamltlee. II was ordained not only to farm a more perfeet union i„‘iwreu the Slater, but lo "eatabliah juatlee, Inanro dotuaailo tranquility, prorldo for Ibo common da- t'-noe, promote Iha general wellhre, and aoeura the iileraing of liberty lo ouraolroa and our poalorlty." Noihiug but Implicit obodloaoa lo IU raqalromanla in nil parta of the country will aeeempllah thoao groai enda. Without that obedience wa aaa look torvard only to oontlanal outraged npaa Individual righto, laooanaat branched of Ibo public peace, na tional vaakaeae, financial dishonor, tka total ioea of our prosperity; the general corruption of mar- "I", and iha final ctllaellea of popular freedom. To core our country from eeila ao appalling aa we rhonld renew out aforta again and again. Ta me tbeproeeeaef reatoratiaa oaeme perfbatly plain and aimpla It coaalata manly la a faithful application of tka Coaatltutiea and lava. Tka an. edition pnatd oihn* necMfiily. rsal or protended, wtltb mb jjr*. hj.'ioean^perfaoiiy conalatanfvltk'lka fhadamaatnl '"pad, % wKjsTRffitfr a?u ■igalnat the United Stalae - — - irbed by tea properJud Her entirely praatlanbla waawaa wa anew vvtUllkUUVf MU WWfia u of Iba lava ta bol m» ehetraeted ar opr by phyalcal force. .Than la ne military or naeaaaily, k na! or pretended, vklab aaa pro- " " • I Iba Conatltutloa, allbar Sam*- " .MUmMU^SK ly oonalotant with the fhndamonl vent nbedlenet lo Houlhe All tbn g iBB ||d lava) TVaaa (a iVnea, lore, no eaaaoa why the Conotitalien akonld not ha oheyad, unlaaa thoaa who exerolae Ua powers kaoa determined that It ahall be disregarded and rlola- ted. The vary naked will of tkla gorarnmant, ar Of aomo ona ar more of lie breaehea, la tka only Olutaale that oan octal la a perfect Union of all the blntc*. Oa tkla moment ana quaaUon and oema of tbo mraauraa growing out of I bare bad Ike mlefor. ■to differ from Caagroaa, and bare einroaaed my conrictlona without raaorna, though with r.,tiling deference lo the opinion, of Ike Ugi.latlra liopnrtmant. Thareooa.lctl.nl an not only an- tdtaagod, but atrongtbanod by aubaaqnovt oroala nud rurther rofiooUan. The ■ rHant latpnr- "Loe. of the aubjtel. will ba a ouaeten! axaued for c. Ilfng year attention lo aama of the rokeeaa which ha.e ae otrongly Influenoad my own jadgmcat./Thc hope that we Meal finally eaaoar laa mode af aelilemaat, aanalatont at aeeo with ear Irno later- e.ta^ad with oar awarn datlaa ta tka OoaelUallau, “ “l ar * 1 t*» J"“« bo anally roUvqaloked. Ula dear ia, my eppnhoaaloa that the Bl.lea lately In rabollldn ara km mombara of Iha national I nice. WbeadMthavooaaelehe oat The "er. dtaancam ef aaoaealan. " adopted by a peeiieu (la moat of them a ran email paRlaa.) af I bate ebl- reaa, were mora aaluiloa. If woadaaU new tkatlbay were roUd and effectual for the parpoee laloadod 'T tholr nutbaro, wo omaap from nadar onr that the Wa?ttrrn^ OHM. 1 4* not wy thm ibis declarslioa is pstson* slip biadifif oa thoss wliojolasd la tasking ii. sny mors than lsdivblosl noaksrs ofCoofrsss srs per- fcwUy MM if Hf a public debt •retted Oaid/d i publlcUwfif wbfeb Ik.y Toled. But it wss s sol »bW«. M pladM of Iks aslloBsi konor, tod I ckuaot iosgius sn srhst grounds the rspudis (Isa of It is to bsjuslified. If tt It said that we sre not bouid fo loop fkitk with rsbsls, let it he re metsbstsd I list Ibis promise wssnot msde to rsbsli only. Thousands of true men in the' Houih were Jrswn to o«r standard bjrit, and hundredi of thou sands in Iks North gave their lives in the heller Ibil ft would be carried out. It was made on the day aftsr tka first grtal bat lie bad bsen fought and lost. All ualrlallo and Inlslllgsnt man than saw,the as- aoaaity of giving such an asiuraaca and believed that without it tns war would and fa disaster to our, causa. Raving givan that aasuranee in the as. i rand tv of our parll, the violation of it now. in the day of our powar. would be a rude ending of tkat good faltk which holds the moral world togalhart oar oouatry woald caaaa to hava any claim upon the confidence of man; It would make the war not only a failure, kut a fraud. Balog sincerely convinced tkat thesa views are cor rect, I would be unfaithful lo my duty if 1 did not roeommand tka repeal of Iha acta of Congress which place tan of the Bouthern States under the domi nation of military maatera. If calm raflaalion shall satiafy a majority of your honorable bodies that the acta referred to arc ael only a violation ef the na tional faith, but in direct conflict with the Constitu tion. 1 dart act permit myself to doubt that you will immediately strike them from the statute hook. To cUaoastrstethe unconstitutional character of thoao nets, I need do no more than lo refer to their general pmltiana. It must seam at ouoe that they are net authorised. To dictata what alterations ahall be made In thi Conatituiions of the several States t to control the elections of State legislators and State officer*, members of Congress and electora of President nnd Viea-Presidant, by arbitrarily de claring who shall vote nod who akaU ba eaaludsd from that privilege} to dissolve Stale laglalalu or prevent then from assembling j to dismiss Judges and other functionaries of the State, and appoint others without regard ta State law} to organise and operate all tha political machinery of the States; to isgulate (ha whole administration of their domestio and loeal affairs according to tka mere will of strange and irresponsible agents, aant among them for that pnrpoao—these are powers not granted lo the Federal Government or to any of ita branches Not being granted, wa violated our trust by as suming them aa palpably as w* would by acting iu the face of a positive Interdict; for Iba CoustlhUion forbids wa to do whatever it dots not affirmatively authorise either by express words or by olaar im- plication. If Iha authority w* desire to use does not oomo to aa through tho Constitution, wo oan ex- erolse U only by usurpation; and usurpation ia tho most dangerous of polilieal crimes. Uy that crime tho enemlee of fra* government in all agaa have warked out their d*ai| ‘ * private tho oota „„ powar !• always unlimited and unrest reined. The acts of Coagrasa in question are not objec tionable for thflr assampttoa of aigrantad power, but many of Ihotr provisions ar* In oonfllot with tho dlroot prohibitions of tho Constitution. The Caatltwtioa commands that a republican form of government shall ba guaranteed »o all tho States; that no parson shall b* dapri tdaagoroi inemitB c _ .. irkvd out tkolr designs against publie liberty and [vale right. U laaua dlreot y and immediately to i establishment of absolute rule j for uadeUgared parson shall ba deprived of llfls, liberty, or v without dno prices* of law, arrests^ •judicial warrant, or punished without a without • judicial warrant, or ponlsbed without a fclrutri h.ft.ro a. tttlK 1 * lASMf fatWat so kill af attainder ahall ba pa.i.J area a^laat a alaala ladlrlduat " ' to.uora. aatabUuad b/ tka.a —, daaatanUff anbrart aid dwtroy tka fcna a. v.lt aa the luh.laaa. of npahlloan ,o.anmadt la Iha Ian Sum ta firblak tk.j appljr. It blade loam hand and trot la ahaalata alar.rp, and lubjeeli tbam to a .traaea aid beetlle povar, more OQllmllad cad leaeukal UDlMbv tbavarl TM direct eeatnrp vaa arar- rrd W 111. fioraramaat ta ba Ha parsoaa. aad vaa ~^vSMnSsss I ha a wwMw, vasad brtka pnaamtlav af UalM. bad the Irani affaetaf dlaaaMt lorj. at Iba utlaa r . an» waa >ot Iba fiarpailipilhadalbil af aaaaaaiaa aa 1 sba vat Iba Inqmph of tt. Uvloaa ili.Ualoo, bad Iha rirlorjr. or bar ■ «rld vba sat Iba trfqmph Xor could Congreee, with lli.ttaoMliro, do aaitblav rffort, dlrorll/ — ‘ “ a»f . Drpartmrat (ha Maaaaaaltaaf a# — _ — — — r* sfisrisi i waa 01. affrot.f dlaaaMa, it. Tka s&SW mrat-of tha CaaM— _ t-o«hm «tataa.aad firoovi.lAb.il tlomMaMaMrorp. tad VtvAd. aitralro at th.lr »84Sks»S}S ■eraTlkaly lo ba abuiad tkaa aa* atbar now known turn, olriUiod moa. It tramploa down all ikoro right* vbiok Ibo ooaooar of llkorty roatlm., aid wblob a fTOo gororamrot le alwapa moot oarofal to proltct. It doalu tho fiatroa carp*$ aad tha IrUl bp Jurjr. Ptraaaal froadom, propart/ and Ufa, if ... aalladbp tha paaataa, tka pr.Judic, or tbo rapacity of tka rultr, bar* ao aoourit j vkatorar. It haa tho affect of a bill af retalader, ar bUI af peisaand pan* altlra, Mt upon a faw ladlrldaata, kut npaa whale elaatea, looludlng iba mllllui vhe inhabit the auk* Jto t Btaiaa, aad area tkalr naborn children. TUrta vraara, balag atprraaly farblddaa, eaaoot ba oa.' atilntTonally isdlalrd upon aay portion of onr pan. pit, ao autlor bow Ikoy may htro oomo within our jnrifidlsllav, aad no maUor whether they lira la fitataa, Territorial, or dlitrleta. I kart ao drain la aara from tba proper andjuci een.equcncei of Ikolr groat orlwa Iboaa who en gaged In rebellion ogaluat Ibo aortrsm.nl; but ni a mode of pnnlahra.nl tba mraanrat under con.Id. oration art the moat nariaaoeablt that could bp lerenlrd. Maay of Ihooo poonlt art porfootly Inao oaat t many kept their fidrlliy to .Iba Ualou un tainted to the taatt many wart Incapable of aay lt- gal offano*; a large proportion am af Iba partona able la bear ana. vara (broad Into Iba rebellion agalaat th.lr villi avdof tkoea who art gnlUy with tkolr ovn eoaaont, tbo degree, of gnllt an a. Va lletta aa Ik* ikado* af tka obaraolar and tomptr. ■at I beta aola of Coagnaa confound -thorn all lo aMfinuao* doom, ladlrorlmlaatr m aooti aad partied, or up,a •cm eommtltod by a Iro, for offoacM tgro of tbo vorld. Bat Cbrlellaaliy aad olrlllaation mob proproo tha iruel aad uq)*at mef all oaprijud bar* mad* aucb 1 tbal roconrar to a pun ' would moot with Ik* lad 1 all naproludlood aad rlgkl-mladi men. Tbo pnaltleo jualieo of Ihla ago, and o!a!1y of Ihla country, don act ronalai In atri| ■bolt main of Ikolr ing tha unbroken I* peace, la v*Hk far more It our ekll drcnlbaa Ik* arallloaLioa of any proobal fttllng. I am aware It la aaavmadJkat Iblatyttam of got- arvmcvt tor Ik* Boalkkro Stale* la not lo bo per petual. It la tnta Ihla military gorarameal la to k* oily aro.ulaial, hut It U through Ihla temporary erlfthet * greater aril fi It b* made perpetual. If tha guarantees af the Uaa.lllullon Can be brokoa prorlataually to rorraalompanuy pnrpoao, and in a part aaly of Iba daablry, we aaa destroy tbam traryvbtn aad for all lint. Arbitrary mwaurro cfl.n abaagt, but gtaerally ckange tor tba vorro. (t Ifi tba ourao af deapallam that It htu ao kalttag plat*. Tbo UlormlwWatarolao of lie power bring. M aroal af eaonrity lo Ito eaUeota; hr tkay oat apeft know what mot* they will bo nailed 01 to on dan when lie rad right baud ia armed to plague proaihla la eenjeeturo bow ■ ' bylfi*.may aaM in ^ -- My be llmlta narrower Ikon va ooald with, question of tndlfldnel, or eleao, or era. tlonal lalaraat, mash laea af party predemlnaaM,, , ~ iatm-roddilgb and'aaerod ditty—vhiab »w rvdr* to perform. If wo cannot support uitltttllop with the ekrorful alioriu of tlioto ■*« ra aad talieraJv it, va auMrgln ia it *i « a fidallt* of pabllo aorranlo who act uruler »' obttgatlebo old ooamiid. vklek they vat dlaragaid. Tha eaailltiilnalduly l.aot the aaly on. which require Ibo fitatoi to hr mfarrd. There is another ••nsidorotion wblob ihoagh of minor importance, I. yet of gml weight. 0.1 Ik. 22d day of July, IBtfil. Coograaa drelared, by ao almost uuani sola of bath Houses, tkat tba war should bo ducted ooUty tor tbo purport of pre»rriog the Union, aad Mlalaliiag the •uprtrasey of tho Frd- *t*l Coaatllutlou and lev., without Impairing Ibr vr —■«»' dignity, .qwattty uwd righto of tbo Rtatoe end twdt- would not rtqnin ua ta oan them from fldnal., nnd that wbrn tbli was dona Ibr war ehonld ■«'. “** r Iba olroom»tanee., this la ot r-won. than Iha military d‘«prll.» mrd.r wblcl, 1lur. a Ol 2 t lb. military deepriiam wndtr wblob J‘r Hdlu. 1.7ould.iibS IbV whlto .hoy .r. .o.. Ul r.nng. I. fr w.rSrli.,.db.r.ralr.nd| WW " Igenient j not b ivurcs Ilk** intcreala not be too wlitcli niigtti, b^Mssiliilitjr,.... •»f ilia worlii in oiirGovcrnmM^ That confidanee eta anir ho retained by carefully inculcating the principles ofjnatjco nnd hgimv on the. popular mind, ond.by (he., mnai aciupnlons fidohtjr to all our an- gngefnciita of every sorU ‘ Any serious breach of ihe organic law, persisted in for a considerable time, cannot but create fears for the stability of our institution* Habitual violation ofy prescribed * * »dr*er intend the nroi the politirsl privi'.i clothing Ilia ucgru raco wit . . I tout from white inen. The blacks in (ho Honfh are entitled to be well and humanely governed, nnd to haveth* protection of just laws fornirtlmfr right* of parson and prop erty* It It wars practicable at this time to give them a government exclusively their own, under which they might manage their own affair* in their own way, it woald become a grave question whether wa ought M do bo, or whether ’ common humanity n themselves, only a specu lative pdiat. II Is not proposed merely that they shall govern themselves, but that they shall rule the while race, make and administer Hint* law*, •led President* and members of t'ongrees, and shape to n greater or less extent the future destiny of the whol >• countrv. Would *sueh a trust nnd power be safe In each hands ? The peculiar quail tie* which should characterise ~ fit ta dccidi any ssr: it of pt !• Who svei dtnpor, the manage* m ent of public affairs for a grant Slate, have seldom beeu combined* U ia tha (lory^. of while men to know that the v have had those qualities insufficient measure to build upon this continent a great politi cal fabriclip ninety years, while in every other i*t frirld gll sT “ A part of (he v I similur experimentalhavq fail- ever [*\hi kiloi ed. Hut if anything can he proved by kilown facts —if all reasoning upon evidence la not abandoned, it nm»i bo acknowledged that in the progress of nstions negroes have shown less capacity for gov- eriucnt than any other raco ofpeoplo. No indepeu dent government of any form has ever been succeat- nil in their hands. On (he eontranr, wherever they have been left to their own dovlees, (hoy have shown a constant tendency to relapse into barba rism, In the 8oolhern States, however. Congress has undertaken to confer upon litem the privilege of the ballot. Just released from slavery, it may be doubled wholhar, as a class, they know more than thalr ancestors how lo organise and regulate •ivil aoeicly. In deed, it is admitted that tho blacks of the South arc not only regardless of the rights of property,'hot so Utterly ignorant of pub lic affairs that their voting can oonaist iu not hing more than earrylaga ballot to Ih* plaoe where they 'ar* directed to deposit. I need not remind you that Ih* exercise of tho oleotivc franchise ia the highest attribute of an Amerioan citiicn, and that when guidad by virtue, intelligence, pntrotism, and a proper appreciation of our free institutions it constitute* the trua basis of a democratic form of ft orcrumcnt• in which the tororelgn power is lodged t the body of tbo people. A trust artificially crea ted, not for ita own sake, but solely aa a means of promoting tha general wtirare, ita influence for good must neossaarily depend upon the elevated charac ter and true alfegiane* of tha elector. It ought therefore to be reposed la none except those who arc fitted, morally and mentally to admiuistcr it well, for if conferred upon persona who do not just ly estimate the value, end who aro IndltTvient to its results, it will only serve aa a means of placing power In the hands of unprincipled nnd ambitious, and muat arentuate in the complete destruction of that liberty of which It should be the most powerful aonaervator. I have IherrffirS heretofore urgod upon youratlcntlon thedanger Mo he apprehended from an untimely extension of tha elective franchise to any new elaas in our country, especially when the large majority of that olau, in wielding the powar thus placed in their hands, cannot ho expect ed correctly to eompreband the duties nud respon sibilities which parlain to suffrage. Yesterday, as It acre, four millions of persona were held in a condition of slavery thathsd existed for generations; to-day they ar* frftmeiifi and are aaaumed by law to ba eUiseds. It cannot be presumed, frem their previous condition ot servitude, that, as a class, they ora aa fall informed as lo the nature of our Government ns the Intelligent foreigner who makes our land tha homo of bis choice. In the oas* of tha latter, neither a residence of firo years, and the knowledge of our Institutions which it gives, nor attachment to tha principles of the Constitution, are conditions upon which ha can he admitted in addition, a good tor Ih. b.ii.rIhatII.JIWMLWlIli* faX". 1 speak, by thalr suffrages, through Hi* instrumental. li,orib»0UH.bW.U«Mt ba Mwtolljr «ard*l anlnal Ikt control of Ihoia whoara corrupt lo rln- olplo and anamtr. of (Tt* Ipalllullona, for it only broom* la,our polUloal boil social ay.fem a taft conductor of btallliy popular aenllmeul when ktpl from douiorallilng Infiuenoea. Coni rolled, throuib fraud and usurpation, by Iba draining, anarchy and doapMlom must Inttjtahly follow. In iha hands of Iha patroilo nnd woriby our Qnrornmant will bo nrtt.nad upon Ibo nriaei pi., of (bo Coutttdtlon tobariled from onr fntttwrw. tl follow., Ihtraton, that in admililng loibo l,nll„t- bot antwilaia nf *otoro not qnnllfitd tor iha aa.rei.a of Iba eltollve franobiw, ww weaken our ayitam of tof.rnmanl in.lad of adding to In lhrob|U.*nd durability, I ylad to no ona to ntlaeh- menl to Ibnt rult of gancrnl auffrag. which dlatln- gnlibOoonr polUoy no * nation. Dul ibtrt la a limit, wltuly obprivlloga nnd n Iru.i, and which require, of iemo olaaro. n lima auliablo for proba- tioaaad prcparalloo. To gin it Ind apartd, by f rarioo. habit, and opportunlliro, to perform the root which It demands, la to dagrada it, and Anally o destroy lit powers ; for It may bn tafely aaaumed tbal no pallllbtl Irntk In bettor eainbllabeil than -la it rule., which we biud onraeltec tdobfiei ■norniisp Die people- On- only elandai duly utlhg *cf af nadgiil,- Ihc Llir.l..flcborbf --Mif va, |iiwwai iwww •rye, must de- ilard of civil iner* pecuniary obligations. The .viaUllon oi h a pledge as we made oil jhe 22d day of July, >1, will Purely 1 diminish the rtarVet v*lu# of our rtfi ...... political morality is 1,011, the public conscience swings from Us moorings, and Yields to every lm- puW* of passion and interest. If we repudiate the (?on«tiluxlon, we will not he expected to care mufti for inrr* —^ such a pi lHill, will ifiTrfiy* other promiidcs. Itesides, lfw« now acknowledge Ihat His nalioial debt was created, not to hold Iht States in the I’ulon, ns the tax-payers were led tb suppose, but to expel them from it and baud them over to Im governed by the nag roea, tha mor ni duty to pay it may seem much less dear. I aay it may *rnn so; for I do uot admit that this or any oihra iu Kliment in favor of jenudiation can be en tertained as ncuud; but it* influence on nome class* es of munis may well be <ipp‘ cheuded. Tha fiuan- vial honor of a great comm jvolal nation, largely In debted, and with a repumican form of government administered by agent*of the popular choice, is a thing of such delicate texture,, and the destruction of it would he followed by such unspeakable oalam* ty, that every true patriot must desire to aroid what over might expose it to the sllghest danger. The great lnterasls of Ibr, country reunlfo imme diate relief from these euactmcuts business In theHouth is puraliiedby a sense of general inse curity, by tbo terror of confiscation, and the dread of uogro supremacy* Tbe Southern trade, from which the North would have derived ao great a profit under a government of law, still languishes, and enu never ho revived until it caaaea to be fet tered by the arbitrary power whioh make* all ite operations unsafe. That rich oouatry—the rich tat in natural resources the world ever eaw—is worse than lost if it be not soon placed and** the protec tion of a free Constitution. Instead of being aa it is it ought to be, a sourer of wealth and power, U will hccotito an intolerable burden upon tbs rest of the nation. Another reason hr retracing onr itaps will doubtless be scon by Congress in tbo late manifes tations of public opinion upon this subject. We live in a country where the popular will always enforces ohedhuco to itself, sooner or latter. It is vain to think of opposing it with anything short of legal authority, barked by overwhelming force. It cuannt have escaped your nflcntion that from Iha the only conditions upon whl that such indiscriminate and all- slon of popular suffrage t * destruotii overthrow and II oh.” unbracing oxtaa kt last in Us 1 repeat (he expression of my w 1 rapes! Ih. .iprsstlon of my wllllnpnws to Join fo V eskstltnltontl torthe condition sf _ ., ensourngtn, them In' sifrrom.ii. Uul lb* irstifur of oar Million! In- borltsnoe to thorn woald. It mr opinion, bo aa nbsaitonmcat of a duly wblob ito owe nliki lo memory or our htkero and lb* lifiblo of oor < droa. Tbo plsn of pullto, lb. Soul hern aid II - ' htldO unproplllous. phytb R roioL. _ 1 MO koMO(*aMunmMs. If tb* iatortor obitiai Ike ntoondsooy ottr tbo other, It Will aorern with retonnee oa|y lotto owa laurroto—tortt will ruocp wist ao oornmna ltS*oo»*r-a»4 cranio tack a lyrnany ns Ibis eontlnsnt fits aonryet wlintmd. Alrttdy Iht M|tM sro lalanneod by promitn ofco.fi.cn- tloa sail plunder. They art taught to h* an enemy erory wMlo mb who ku.*v raiprct for Ibo right, ofkl. own'rode. If ihl.oonlltuos It muot broom, wqrroand woras, until oil ordtrwlll bo subr.rl.d, sH UduilryeonoO, tnd Ibo toitltofiolds of (hr Sooth grow up Iqlo * wlldorarot. Ofnll Ibo danger, wblob- our nstlou ba. yst rneountorad, nous art •—sal to those wkMS-mqtt result from tko'suoeos. of tbo.(fort now risking to Africanist Ibo bslf of our I,w*«H uot pat MMldorotloM of messy ia rota-, potltlon w|lk Jastlro and right. Bnt tb* nspoa.ro inoldont lo --UTOMitraettoi" under tb* lytltci ndoptod by Congroro. nggrotmto whnt I regard ad tkn Inlrlnsls wrong of tb* ' coot uMoMtod milltoM nln In wlfil add largely to Ik* might nf tosatlon, already In, opwtooltn to bo bora* wltb*otJari oomplslnt, and My finally ndMO tbo Trwoaty of IM notion lo a conduct nf boukraploy. W« mast not delude dollars per annnin, osgrs gotmtttriskt -nproorory o ‘ ‘ n- n fjs&m day mi which ('ougrc-nt fairly and formally prosen ted i)i,»proposition to govern the Southern Plates by military force, with a view lo the ultimate cs- toMi Jimout or negro supremacy, every expression of the general sentiment has been moro or less ad verse to it. The affect ions of this generation cannot tic detached from the institutions of (heir an ceHiori. Their determination to preserve the in heritance of u fiee government in their own hands, nml transmit it undivided und unimpaired to their oan posterity, ia tnostrwig to bo cncceufully op- p on oil. Dvcry weaker paSsi.in will disappear be* fore that love ot liberty and law for wnioh the Aroeiicutt IVnple arc distinguished above all others in tho wot id. How tar the doty of the Pretideni, 11 to presorre, protect, and defend the Constitution,-’ requires him to go in opposing an unconstitutional act of CougreHs, is a vejy aui iou* and important qttaalioR, on wuich 1 linve deliberated much, and felt ex tremely anVitHia to roach a proper conclusion. Wlicrcjan act has been passed accordong to th* forms or tbe Constitution Ky tbe supremo legislative authority) and Is rogulnrly enrolled stnqns Hie pob Itc statutes of the country, Execulire resistanc# to It, especially in times of high party excitement, would be likety to ^fodoeo violent collision ba- twaou the respective adherents of the two branch** of the Government. Till* would hw simply civil mart roe*U ctril wax must he resorted to only as the last remedy for the wont of evil*. Whatever might tend )<i provoke It slmuld be most carefully avoided. A faitbrul and confidentioui.Magleltate will eoneeC very much lo honest error, and aomothtOK even L perverse malice, beforu he will endanger Ate public pence; nnd he wllltmt adopt forcible measures or aucb as might lead lo force as long as those wbo’arepeaca bio remain open lo him and Ida eonatituenta. li is tnir that ra<ms may eaeur in which Iba. Exosuflre would be compelled to stand ou its' rights, and maintain them, regardless of all eenssquenecs. If t'ongras!i should pass an aot which is not only in- palpable conflict pith the Constitution, bnt will certainly, if carried out, produce Immediate find ir reparable injury to tbe organic structure of the Government, it their be neither JudioUl remody for the wrongs it iuiliots, nor power ib; the people lo protect thcuiM'lvi'.s without the official aid of their oleeltd defender; if, for insUnce, tha Legislative Department should pass an act even through all the forma of law to abolish % co-ordinate ; depart ment of the Government—in euch a cos* the Priel< -dent muat take the high responsibilities of his of- ~ ps-pation Bi flee, and save the life oft] The ao-oalledreeonatriiotionaoti,itlMngh ly unconstitutional as any that can be imagined, ware not bolieved to be f Tho paonli were BoLentl.. fence. In all the Northern in their hands tb« sacr«4 rit * r --w-, waa unsafe to believt that in due lime they would come to the rescue of their own InetUatioas. It gives me pleasure to add that the appeals to oar common constituents waa not takan In vnip,' and tkat my confidence in their wisdom and virtu*' stems not to have been misplaced. It la well and publicly known that, epormous frauds have bean perpetrated on the Treasury, and that oolossal fortunes have been mads at the pub- llo expanse. This specie* of corruption hat In creased, ia increasing, and if not diminished irfll anon bring as into total rnht and disgrace. The [ mblic creditors and tax-payers are alike interested H ' ‘ * - - in an honest administration of tha neither oloae will long endure thahigh-haafled rob beries or the recent past. For this discreditable state of t hlngs there trfi several causes. 8oim of the taxes are so laid as to present an irresistible Umptntion to evade payment.-' Th« great sums which offioore may win by eoaniVMce «t fraud ere- atenpreasura wh^h is more than tha virtue of many can withstand; andthdre cln bo no doubt 1 that ^ha open disregard ©fj afl^HUutionaf* ri>ll- £ it ions avowed by some ef the hlghastand mo«f fiuential men Ut the country Imcgteitly weaken- ed the moral sense of those who servo in mbordl olndlnginSoi- ■lx times as much as they war* seven .year*, ago. To collect and disburse this vast amount requires oarefid supervision std eyriadmUc vigilafior The ay stem never pwfvclca,- wax tfinch disorgan ised by the “Teuure of offioe Bilh” whisk hu al most destroyed official accountability. Tho Presi dent 'ibas b* thorengbly convinosd- that an officer i* toespahle, divhsaest.oruafsithfal totks Consti- iltii'ii, but, mnler (he law!wklfih 1 have named, the utmost ho cun do is to oomplolu to UtsScnat* and ask the privilege of supplying hie pl*ew with a bet- ter man. If tiro 8*nato-ber*Cfrd#d personally or lUtcjdly hostile U tbePreedeht, it fa .natural and **Us«^«fife*s 0 nMb»r iba|4**t«t*k:l pect that it will take his pert as far Ox 'possible, re store him to bh place,.and give him a_ triumph cm, Hon as t ho dslinqnentp Uarn td afs. I am entire! nit assigned to him of afting Uml ted, and that it disahfcs.htlM nqnentg learnt© think tkvxmslns ii—ir ’ i« Wm. rife, i •« entirely penhaded that nadfiK Mch a dlf BwikJ ri*l« the President oiftMt fmUr^ the great duty • r • • assigned to 1.1m or seeing the lairs faithfully exeou ted, and Ihat it disahfcs.hHgMMff especially from enfbrorng tkaljrimd BsoountabiUty which ia nocos- sory t* the due execution ef lb* revenue laws. - 'ji^Ottp,yn»D r ttborvUroyttabOfittMuU. Iro oiiifinrott,i | 0r * nt ifioli-r' DISPATCHES, Waihihoton, Dcofinbfr 0,—Imjtoacli- nu-nt nrguim-Hl nttrncts little ntlontion. Boiitwolln lino of argument in mainly lo show that the Committee was right in its report, though the House ihonid oppose impeachment. He combats Wiisonts posi tion that impeachment is nossibto only on imUctablo offences. Tho impression is thnt after Wilson’* speech, the wltplo IMP- ter will be tabled, • M Macon, Dec. o4The ,Convention (Con- sorvativc) finislicAltsUhms and adjourned at eleven thin morning, after adopting a spirited platform. Tho preamble acknowl edges our obligations to ndhoro to tho Union,: *»npUrt «o General Government in all lcgaVKna proper measurer, nod claim* from the Oovcrnment due performance oi tbe reciprocal duty to extend to us, in com mon will) nil people of tho whole country, tho protection guaranteed l>y tho Constitu tion of our fathers; that, manly protest "MERCER & SMITH, CORTEX BROAD AKD WASHINGTON STS. 0 ALHANY, OA- Havu OB hand, and arc tcastanily receiving A GOOD STOCK OF GOODS. CoiifliHilng in part ot Duron, Flour, Sugar. Coffee, Salt, Cheer's, Irish Potatoes, Tobacco. .Segarii, Snuff, Potash. Dickies, Sardines. Candles, .Soda, - ' Liquors, Powder, Shot, - • Lead, PercnsKlon Caps, . (follower*, Iron, Nalle, Plow-Steel, Trsce-oholni, lloes, Plow-lines. Boris, Shoes, 41Moms, -Tabs, Buoktls, Bsl.ss, A. HSU The hi,boat msVkot pries paid for all klnfi produce. 0C |0j Govormncnt nr untimely interruption of public harmony. Bilcnce under wrong may bo construed Into endorsement. MM,' I. Tiiat w-c recognise tho duty to sustain law und order, support c'leerfnlly *11 Constitutiomil meti.urcs of tlio United NtntOB Government, ami maintain the rights of all classes under culightciicd liberal laws. 2ud. That tho peoplo ot Georgia ac cept, In good faith, tbo legitimate results ot tho fate-war, and renew their expressions of allegiance to the Union of the states, and reiterate their determination to maintain inviolable the Constitution framed by our fathers. Srd. We protest dispassionately, yet firmly, against thcsn-cAlled K (-construction Acts* of Congress and aguinst vindictive partisan administration nf these acts, as wrong in principle, oppressive in action, and ruinous to the States nf the South, ns well as hurtlu! lo tho into welfare of every portion of opr common country, leuding di rectly, if not.iulentionnily to permanent su premacy of tlie negro ruco id all the States whore those laws are enforced. 4. We protest in lijto alririt nnd manner agaiofit the policy of the dominant party in Congrefifi, which souk* to. inflict upon tho Statcrof the South a bad Oovcrnment, as wrong, not only Inliolh races iu the South, nnd to the people ofnll parts of the Union, but a crime ngninsl civilisation and humani ty, which is the duty ol all right minded men every where to (iiscounteimneo and con demn. 4th. That we enter ou record, in the name and behalf of this State, our solemn protest against assembling the Convention^ which we affirm witli ovidous-e kcfoic ns, lioaiieeu ordered under pretonso nf votes illegally authorised, forcibly procured, fraudulently received nud falsely counted ns we lielieve, and. in view ol the solemn responsibllitiefi and issues involved, we do hereby declare that wo wilUgrovcr liold tho wort of fram ing a Conititutieii liy such authority with tllP intent lo be forced hy military pOWCI- ontlio tree people of dd* nuoieiitt.ouimoli- wcaltli, ns a crime agfiinat onr people, a- gainst tlie continhanee dfli-e# Gdrerumont; against the pence of society, against the purity of UieMlnllot-bnx, ’nud agnhist the digititg wd oluirneltfr <>>' Fcpj-esonlat iVe in- stmitions. nth nnd Tth provide tlie appointment of a Central Executive C'mnmilleoby tlio I'res- ideut, to call Conventions of tlio Conserva tive party when neeosanry, nud to indicate at tlie proper time, tlm policy best adapted to promote tlie public good. bill. ItecomuicudaConscrfrtiyeato organ-, iso in every county forthwith; 'nud* report organisation to Executive Committee. 9th. AppointsJlerseliel V. Johnson, A. M. Chappell, It. II. llill, .W* rren Aiken, T. L. Gueny, committee to Jircjgvro and publifih nnnddrcsfi tp thfi people of Georgia and Vhe UmttfijhStates, (Setting rorili tlie true senti ments of the whito moo pt this Vtnte, nnd the deplorujf lo conditions of tho peo|de, and the rain Which thb enforcement of the lic- construction Acts will bring on all classes South. Preamble nnd resolutions unani- nionsly adopted. Resolutions were also adopted thanking the North for support of tho principles of free Government, at tlie laty elections of the people of that section, for timely aid in pro visions, etc., rendered to tlio snfforing peo ple of this State during the past your. Tlio Conveution was harmonious, nml adjourned in the best spirits. THE MARKETS. Livssfoos, Deo. C, noon.—Collon opens firm ;aplsnd* 7| d; Orleans 7\. Sales IS,090 Sales for the week 7:1,000, wbe—i 1200 export, 4,000sprouted—, »..s 000, WbfiHof 78,009 AritrMnir Nsw Oblbasi, Deo. fi—Codon oclteo advanced. Middling Orleans luj ^,10. Sales 4,500; reoolyt* 0;040; exports 4,197. Snfei of tbs nook 28.900. Brooipts 23,001; J.oaporbC Sfi,705i stock on band ao-oos. 0 W . ' Monti,*, Dio. C—Sales (o-dsp 1,800; good demand: advanced Jo- middling Broolpto 8,070: Cositwlio 8,007; foreign l.COS. Iiroolpia 18,781 ; clock 46,001. —- - Now Yobk .—Latest—Collon advanced. Sates 4,fi0017(?17fcT«sMl»7| l * Satansah, Dm «k—fled** active, sdesnotog. Sates 1,689- middlings IS). Beosi; ——5l»l Mfitket Rcpurts, NIGHT DISPATCHES. gf TquOJoyjL^i, to—CpUon Demand of evidrnesa, die mode of Invoulgnllng It; nnd’uft ‘ LiriMeoi, Doe. 8, II a m,—Codon • scllre, ad --'- Lv ■ ibnnood. Bale* 12,0V Ur* (ft i^lEOfi EORQIA. WOU iff concorn: —J coneern ; ^, M. Holamoo. nnd Bufita F<frD, hasitig, ib ■ -w.roro.wro. to..*. S'Utttt CWU, MftVIDg, 10 10 for P«rii*n«»t letter* ol tdminiitrxiion on Ih* **t*t* of Robert G. Ford, 1*l* of ■xW coHutjr, dee d, tMa fcHo «*• all *b4 'luKular, rhe cr* iitorx end next of kin of Robert i Papa nna'.l fins hn .w.1 — — — — — . m . of pr< BYINGTON HOTEL, Cherry Street, » -o-;. Id noon, On . Tbo oubnoribor haring Bund up hts Homo wtlk entire new Furniture in The Most Elegant Style, Guarantees to bis old patrons snd Ihspubllogen erally, that (bey will dud Ibo accommodation, squat (o any hotel IN THE STATE, call and «*• me. 1. L, Byington. ol 10 no DO 8mo. WINDOW GLASS, (ALT. S1ZBS.) Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes. And Complete Stock Paintei\s’ Materials —AT— Welch's Cornet:. DO YOU SMOKE? _ — Jp those FI 'THAT TOBACCO 1 evurybody '£ atill keep those FINK C10AR3 and ,1. 'TUA-I* XOltACCO- evurybody brags ou who usro. MRRSCIMUM 1‘II'ES, which we warrant geuuiiia, from $0 lo 940 each; Dm- ' un Smoking Tohacoo, nnd otbar lino brnnde. L. B. A H. K. WELCH, Druggioto. tar Por^alo by Id. K.dfc • E. AVelcIi, Agent*, Albany, Ga. July 13, 1807. -fi Medical Liquors. o UR Imported Liquor* are warranted'pur*, and M good jnean be-hought In tke market: Pine French Uranily, Scotch 1Vhi*ky, Old Port'Wine, Madeira (fine, Qln, .. . v c. • B*R Nog, | Bt. Crola Rum, Old Bourbon Whieky, .Sherry Wirffc, Claret Wine, Behnappe, Ae., Ac., Ae. L. E. A H. E. WELCH, Droggiai*. NEW* Partisan Life with Meaby. Mubtback** Higloricai .N’otcIn. Loniaa of Priiaxia anti her time*. Frederick, Th* Great and iiU Family, m •* « •• •• Court. Tbe Merobant of Berlin. Berlin and Ban* Rouei. Joseph the II. and Hie Cotitt. Henry the VIII. and Ilia Court* Tbe last chronica) of Barsel—By Trollope. . Raymond’* Heroine—A Novel. Diavola-bBy M. K. Brandon. ' —AL80- Htandanl Literature. Blood nnd Thunder Novel*. N*w School Book* and Slntlenery. fl^. Any Hook put ill abed promptly ordered for euatomer*. L. E. WF.fdCH A CO., Booxvrilera and Jevaler*. _ GOLD B1KDAL SUfiRRY PORT AND MADEIRA iiarv:^ WHEA*f .. . OLDHOMlE&l-fAD'RTX. x Fok FAfiouV Jmp JRifmpm*■• In addition to oue business of aolliBg Win#*, tt,, In original paekagro, and in order to inauro to ana- toman Pur* Llquon in a compact nnd oonwroirot form, wo oommoued tbo oulerprito. of bottling sad packing to caw war Wat) koowmlfUto*, Brottdiea, tvbtaktaa, fia./ nwd Kara robl Ihna’rol la a riyl* thnt would prootwd* Ibo porotbilily of their balag tomprind wltb before raaob lag .»* put goDcreLnp'preoiatlon aad gratuplag baa rewarded owr effort t ban .scow __ malnlniu Iho standard aa ragarda qwtily, niri to. aanttf iqeraaaed afforio to retain, th# con«4 patronage which baa been to liberal y jsgsoxAftaa.W.rs Gowrce. 7 flmithrtll*. ifia 0*.