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The Bnlloch Herald. OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE COUJJTY. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR. PUBLISHED THURSDAYS. Entered at the postoffice at States¬ boro, Ga., as second-class mail matter. Statesboro, Ga., Oct. 12, 1899. Notwithstanding the development of automobiles the prices of horses in the West are rising. Judge Farris of Cincinnati has ruled that the - costs incurred in con¬ testing a will cannot be ordered paid out of the inheritance. This is likely to make some of the Cincinnati law¬ yers weary and wary. A College of Social Science is to be established in Boston, the object of which will be to investigate and teach sociology. Both conservative and radical thought are invited to take part in the work. It will carry on the five-fold work of teaching,correspond¬ ence, extension lectures, research and a publication office. It may or may not be true, as a great physician has said, that “disease is dirt.” But it is clearly demon¬ strated now that yellow fever and cholera have dirt alone for their pro¬ genitor. The existence of such diseases in epidemic form is always and everywhere a disgrace to the community that suffers from them. The same thing is true of bubonic plague and typhus aud every other form of dirt disease. Modern science has changed the reading of the prophet’s injunction “Wash and be clean” into “Wash and be healthy.” The Philadelphia Record points out that oue cause of the vast consump¬ tion of iron in this country is the quantity that is required for wheels for railroad cars. There are nearly one and a half million freight cars iu the United States, most of which have eight wheels each, weighing on the average 600 pounds apiece, and calcu¬ lation with these figures shows that the total number of these wheels rep¬ resents 3,600,^00 tons of iron. As¬ suming the average life of a car wheel to be ten years, the Record estimates that 1,200,000 new wheels are needed each year, which means an annual consumption of 360,000 tons of iron for this puvpo e. A common-sense scheme for re¬ populating the brooks in Vermont with trout has behind it the authority of the state, and is working well. This is to close permanently the breeding brooks, which can be done with any brook by the state officials upon agreement with the laud owners. Trout in these brooks do not attain much size, but tbe large trout run iu to them to spawn. Protecting the young fish in these brooks, so far as tried, has resulted in restocking the rivers to which the brooks are tribu¬ tary with fish of a size for the table. Some brooks flowing into White river have been closed, and in tbe adjacent parts of the river very good trout fishing is the result. The news¬ papers of the state are urging that all the breeding brooks in the state be closed, so that the attraction for sum¬ mer visitors of good trout-fishing may be added to the other charms of Ver¬ mont Naval Constructor Neudeck of the German navy had opportunities for seeing things while ou a visit to this country. Speaking of our ships he said: “As a result of my visits to all your great shipyards, I can say that the ucw ships now building for the navy are among the finest in the world, if they are not superior to all others, as I am sometimes inclined to thiuk. The reason for tli9 excellence of these ships, and others that are ready, I seek in the intelligence of your workmen, and iu the mechanical genius of the whole nation. Work is expensive here, but the result is better work, and a greater feeling of re eponsibility on the part of the work inen, who draw high wages. A secondary result of these conditions is that the workman has both incentive and opportunity to obtain a better education.” Testimony of this sort, coming from such a quarter, ought to reassure even tbe most critical that we getting good value for our money. GEORGIA NEWSNOTES 1 Happenings In the State of Inter¬ esting Import. Convict. Ch**(t Hand*. The famous farm of J. M. Smith, of Smithsonia, which has been worked for a number of years by the labor of penitentiary conviots, will in the future be conducted under an entirely differ¬ ent system. The last of the convicts at Smithsonia have been turned over to the Chickamauga Coal and Coke Company by the disposal of the con¬ tract which J. M. Smith held with the state of Georgia. It is understood that for the next five years at least, no more penitenti¬ ary corrtiots will be found on the broad aores of the Smithsonia planta¬ tion. It is the impression at the office of the state prison commission that the places of the state convicts at Smith sonia will be taken in the future by private labor and by misdemeanor prisoners from the misdemeanor camps of the surrounding counties. The labor of the misdemeanor convicts, it is said, can be had at much lower figures than even that contracted with the state for the penitentiary convicts. * * * Will Increase Water Supply. The Valdosta city council has made a oontract by which the supply of water for the city is to be more thau doubled. pipe They contemplate putting a seven-inch in the artesian well capable of pumping 300 gallons of water a min¬ ute. The present pipe conveys only about 100 gallons per minute, and the supply is not sufficient for the largely increased demand. Special Car* Were Ignored. A lively row has developed in Sa¬ vannah between the Savannah, Thun¬ derbolt and Isle of Hope Railway com¬ pany and the Georgia Industrial col¬ lege for colored youths, just the other side of Thunderbolt. Recently the Thunderbolt authorities required the railroad company to comply with the Btate law with reference to separate ac¬ commodations for the races, The conductors on the lines were instruct¬ ed to put the colored passengers in separate seats, which was done. The colored college made complaint to the company, insisting that the seats set apart were insufficient to provide for the students in going from the city and returning. Thereupon, the oom pany put on special cars for the stu¬ dents only. The Thunderbolt author¬ ities ignored the fact that these were special cars, and when they reached that town took charge of them, fired the negroes off and threatened to pros¬ ecute the motorman and conductor. Military Day at the Fair. A communication, sent out by the fair military committee to all the mili¬ tary companies in the state names Oc¬ tober 28 as military Day at the state fair. Acting Adjutant General Byrd, who is chairman of the military com¬ mittee, urges all the companies in the state to participate in the exercises on that day. Many encouraging letters have been received by. Colonel Byrd, and the in¬ dications are that this day is to be one of the big features of the fair. The parade will be witnessed by Governor Candler and staff and by the legislature. The parade promises to be a great military spectacle, and if all who have been invited respond the line will be very long. Shower of Grasshopper*. Newnau and LaGrange were visited last Friday night by immense swarms of grasshoppers. The insects settled upon the streets and houses by the millions. Where they came from is a mystery. Their appearance created much excitement. Farmers’ Institute. The farmers of Floyd county held a two-days’ institute at Rome the past week. Mr. G. H. Miller, the head of the North Georgia Emit Growers’ as¬ sociation, presided. Hon. C. H. Jor¬ dan, Mr. Wing, the dairyman of the experiment station, and Mr. Quaint ance, horticulturist of the same insti¬ tution, were among those who dis¬ cussed the subjects before the body. * ♦ * Bill of Exceptions Filed. A bill of exceptions in the case of the state against tbe Central Railroad of Georgia et. al. has been filed iu the Putnam county superior court by Judge Turner, of the prison commis¬ sion. The bill was filed by the coun¬ sel for the state since the judgment of the court was rendered in favor of the Central railroad and against the con¬ tention of the state that the Central had violated the coustitution in de¬ feating oi attempting to defeat compe¬ tition. Developing: Mineral Band*. The DeBardfcleben syndicate con¬ tinues to purchase ore properties in Polk county, but for obvious reasons nothing is given out about the numer¬ ous investments they are making al¬ most daily. But several thousand acres of mineral lands, forming a belt from C^ve Spring nearly to Cedar town, have been secured by this gen- tleman and the work of development is soon to begin. Already two very large iron ore washers, with steam shovels and all modern appliances for ore mining on a big scale, have been bought and will be erected near the richest deposits of ore. ♦ * * Watch inn: the Commission. The whole state is watching the rail¬ road commission to see what it will do. Atlanta’s depot matter is more a state issue than it is local. All* the state is interested and the people are watching for developments and results. If the commission needs any addi¬ tional power the legislature can be counted on to confer it, because, as remarked above, it is a state affair. State Fair Near at Hand. A few days only intervene until the Georgia State Fair at Atlanta opens its gates to the world and invites the critical eye of all who may be inter¬ ested to examine the products of the Empire State of the south. The eyes of all Georgia are turned on the show. Few citizens of the state are not deeply interested in the project, and the manner in which the grand old state will exhibit that which is produced within her borders is the theme at every fireside. While the fair will be a magnificent exposition of all the best there is in the state, the greatest event of the whole time of the show will be the prospective visit of Admiral George Dewey. WANTS READY-MADE HOUSE. Admiral Dewey Graciously Ac¬ cepts the Nation’s Gift of a Home. A Washington dispatch says: Ad¬ miral Dewey has elected to accept a house in Washington already con¬ structed, instead of having one built for his occupation. In accordance with the invitation of the committee which has had in charge the Dewey home fund he called at the office of Acting Secretary Allen, in the navy department Friday morning to indi¬ cate his preference in the matter of a residence. There were present be sides Mr. Allen, Assistant Secretary Vanderlip, Assistant Postmaster Heath and General Corbin. The admiral was officially informed of the purpose of the people of the United States to present him with a home in Washington. He frankly ex¬ pressed his gratification at the tender, which he immediately accepted. He said if the proposed home had been gift of a few wealthy men he should feel indisposed to accept it. But he noted that the fund had over 43,000 subscribers, indicating that the home was to be really the gift of the American people, aud as such he would accept it with as much pleasure as he had the sword bestowed upon him by congress. The location of the residence was next discussed, aud the admiral showed a decided preference for the section in which he had made his home during his former details in Washington. He wished the house to be located in the northwest section somewhere west of Sixteenth street and M, not too far north, thus indi¬ cating the neighborhood of his former residence aud the clubs where be had spent a good deal of his leisure time. First of all, he xvanted the house at the earliest possible moment, so that he “mightgo in and hang up his hat at ones,” as he put it. Of course that precluded the idea of erecting a house to meet his special needs. He ex¬ pressed his idea as to the character of the home he desires, and asked that the house be modest enough in ap¬ pointments and cost to permit of the retention of a sufficient sum of money from the purchase fund to defray the expense of furnishing. The committee listened attentively to all of these wishes and saw no rea¬ son why each and all could not be gratified. M’KINLEY IN CHICAGO. President's Special Arrives In the XVindy City Promptly on Time. The special train bearing President McKinley and Parly rolled into the Rock Island depot at Chicago Satur¬ day afternoon. A large crowd cheer¬ ed the president on his arrival. A squadron of cavalry, a detachment of police and a brass band escorted the party to the Auditorium annex, the streets along the route being packed with spectators. Sunday was not n day of rest for the chief executive. The center of a city’s festivities and the one desired object of numerous committees and delega¬ tions, he was kept busy from breakfast till the last benediction of the religious services which filled the day, had been given. During the afternoon and evening he attended three religious services. Ancient Relic Collapses. News has reftched Cairo, Egypt, of the recent fall of nine columns of the grent hypostyle hall ot the Temple of El-Karnak, built by Setoe I, dynasty XIX, one of tbe most magnificent and celebrated relics of the architecture of ancient Egypt. GREAT WAS CHICAGO DAY * ■it McKinley Lays Corner-Stone of Magnificent Federal Building. DEPENDS ON STATE Georgia Will Be Asked to Build Atlanta’s Oar Shed. GOES BEFORE THE NEXT LEGISLATURE President Thomas Says Koads Are Not Only Willing, But Anxious to I)o Something. The Georgia state railroad comrais eion and the railroads held a confer¬ ence in executive session Monday at the capitol. The plan now proposed is for the state of Georgia to bnild a union pas¬ senger station for Atlanta. After figuring on it for a year, the railroads have thrown up the job. They say they cannot agree on a plan, and they are willing for the state to try. It is certain that some legislation will be undertaken looking to that end. An effort will be made to get a bill through the legislature creating a commission and appropriating money to pay for the work. Governor Candler is expected to recommend something of the kind. The state railroad commission will recommend it in its annual report, and the Western and Atlantic’s special at terney, Colonel Brown will urge it in his report. The state is in a position to build a new station and make money by the operation, if the roads will agree to use it for thirty years. The roads may hesitate on that point. It is not a sure thing that the legisla¬ ture will consider it advisable to build, but the proposition will be strongly backed. President Thomas favors this plan. In his written statement presented at Monday’s conference, President Thomas said that the railroad man¬ agers are “not only willing, but anxi¬ ous to build a commodious station, provided the complications surround¬ ing the present location can be satis¬ factorily adjusted.” SOUTHERN PROGRESS. List of New Imlnstrlos Established the Past Week. The more important of the new industries reported during the week October 7 include a bag¬ ging factory in Texas; brick works in Alabama; a construction company in East Tennessee; a cornice works in Alabama; three cotton mills in North Carolina; electric light plants in Ala¬ bama, Tennessee and Virginia; a fur¬ niture factory in North Carolina: a handle factory in Alabama; hardware companies in Georgia and Louisiana; a beading factory in Tennessee; iron mines in Alabama; a $75,000 lumber mill (rebuilt) in East Texas; a knit¬ ting mill in Alabama; nail works in North Carolina; a $100,000 naval stores company in Florida; paint works in Virginia; a sash, door and blifid factory in Alabama; a sugar re¬ finery in Florida; a $200,000 tobacco stemmery in Kentucky; a twine and plow line mill in North Carolina.— Tradesman (Chattanooga, Tenn.) BRYAN MUCH BETTER. Nebraskan ItesponUs To Inquiry As To His Condition. In reply to the telegraphic inquiry Monday as to his condition, Hon. W. J. Bryan replied as follows from Web¬ ster, la., where he is stopping with Hon. Fred White, the Democratic can didate for governor of that state: “My condition was not serious and I am much better today. I expect to be able to resume my tour tomorrow.” Forty Drowned In Floods. Forty persons are reported as drown¬ ed, according to a special dispatch from Naples, by floods following severe rains, in the province of Salerne. A number of small villages aud factories bave beeu destroyed. Transvaal Refugees. Eighteen hundred refugees arrived in Cape Town Sunday and Monday. The women and children who make up part of this number are suffering ter¬ ribly from the effects of their long journey. It is calculated that nearly 45,000 others of the same class are left in the Rand. Young Vanderbilt Homeward Round. The steamer City of Peking from Hong Kong and Yokohama, reached San Francisco Monday night. On board the Peking is Alfred G. Van¬ derbilt, who will be rushed to his home on a specinl train as soon as he ia permitted to land from the steamer. THOUSANDS THEN APPLAUSE 1 ). Three Nations Represented-Day Ended With Great Banquet. A Chicago special says: Surround ed by men who guide the diplomatic relations of three governments, and in the presence of thousands of specta¬ tors, President McKinley formally laid the corner stone of the magnifi¬ cent new federal building of Chicago Monday morning. In the angle form¬ ed by the south and west wings of the federal building at Jackson boulevard and Dearborn street, and in front of the Union League Club, a reviewing stand had been erected for the accom¬ modation of the distinguished visitors, including Vice President Mariscal and party, of Mexico; Premier Laurier, of Canada, and other notables of that country; members of President Mc¬ Kinley’s cabinet and the diplomatic corps at Washington; senators, con¬ gressmen and other invited guests, and when President McKinley threw the first trowel full of mortar under the uplifted block of limestone and pro¬ nounced the corner stone set, one of the most notable gatherings ever in Chicago looked on. The president received a hearty ova¬ tion as he drove to the stand. Judge Christian C. Kohlsaat, chairman of the committee on ceremonies, intro¬ duced Secretary of the Treasury Ly¬ man J. Gage as presiding officer for the corner stone exercises. The sec¬ retary was warmly cheered as he stepped forward. At the conclusion of Secretary Gage’s brief address, P,ev. Frank Gonzaulus offered a brief but impressive prayer, the president and all the members of his party un¬ covering as Dr. Gonzaulus asked a blessing on the ceremony. The actual ceremonies of the laying of the corner stone then began. C. E. Kremer, of the federal committee, arose and formally announced that the stone was ready, and read the list; of articles placed within it. President McKinley was introduced by Secretary Gage, and as he stepppd forward to receive the trowel from the hands of the architect, Henry Ives Cobb, the crowd burst forth into cheers, the ap¬ plause not ceasing until the president raised his hand. The president then stepped to the side of the uplifted mass of Illinois limestone and, taking a trowelful of mortar from the board, he threw it oil the base of the stone. As be did so a band stationed in the reviewing stand played the “Star Spangled Banner,”' and as the Botes of the national an¬ them w,eve heard the crowd broke into cheers, the noise almost drowning the music. President McKinley then pro¬ nounced the stone set and resumed his seat while the workmen settled the stone in its place. Senator William E. Mason was next introduced aud made a brief address on behalf of the city of Chicago. The ceremonies concluded with tbe offer¬ ing of a benediction by Rev. Dr. Gon zaulus. Presidenfc McKinley aud party then arose and were again es¬ corted across the boulevard to the Union League Club, where the presi¬ dent was the guest of the federal corn mittee at luncheon. Chlcago l)ny Banquet. Chicago’s great auditorium, which has been tbe scene of so many notable events, never had a greater gathering than Monday night, when the Chicago Day banquet was held within its walls under the auspices of the hall festival committee. The great stage upon which 1,000 people can easily find standing room, had been enlarged, and a great floor built out over the seats of the parquette, quadrupling the floor space of the stage. The balconies were resplendent with banners, and the coats of arms of all the states in the union, and groupings of American, British and Mexican flags adorned an elaborate peace arch. I he president, who was the guest of honor, sat at a raised table on the right of Melville E. Stone, the toast¬ master. FLORIDA EDITOR SHOT DEAD. merchant Frank at West Palm Beach Kill* c. M. Gardner. C. M. Gardner,editor aud publisher of , Our ^ Sunny Laud, of Miami, Fla., was killed at West Palm Beach Mon¬ day afternoon by Marcus Frank man ager of store there. , a A dispatch says that Gardner, who haa arrived 0Q a morning train, be¬ involved . in . came a quarrel with Frank regarding the publication in Gardner’s paper of an article in which Frank’s mother was mentioned. The quarrel ended in Frank’s shooting the editor. I lie slayer was arrested. A coroner’s jury recommended that he be held foil trial.