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SUGAR KING OF HAWAII.
HOW CLAUS SPRECKELS EARNED
THAT TITLE.
Ho Introduced Irrigation. ’Steam
Plows and Modern Machinery
and Kail Steamers to the Islands.
s UGAR the the fore islands United the planting leciprocity on States a was small (in practiced treatv 1875), scale with be¬ in
it was after (hat event that it took on
the large proportions and improved
methods which characterize it to-day.
No -small part of the improvement in
methods and enlarged scope of the busi
ness is due to an American citizen of
German birth of whom the American
people have heard a good deal in one
way or another. This is Claus Spreck
les, the sugar king, who is drawing
dividends on millions of Sugar stock.
Spreckles's work as a financial artist is
drawn with a bold, free hand,
produces startling effects. He got his
first foothold in the business world by
laud speculations in California. Having
achieved in this way the wherewithal to
pursue further operations, he got control
of the California Sugar Refinery- This
opened up an occupation, most congenial
to his mind m the shutting off of eompe
tition in the refining industry. He paid
a rival refinery a comfortable income for
years to stand idle, and made it
well worth his own while by the in
creased price he-charged for the refined
sugar.
He succeeded in cornering the Ha
waiian sugar crop year after year aud on
joyed a monopoly of the refined sugar
supply on the whole Pacific coast. The
Hawaiian sugar supply was ample for the
demauds of the Pacific coast, even with
only the most favored -spots brought
under cultivation. The easy-going Ha
waiian planters were long content to
work these rich lauds until Spreckels
went into the planting business himself,
reclaiming vast areas of what had been
considered waste lands.
Previous to that time sugar planting
had beeu confined to areas within reach
of existing water courses. The cane re
quires a great deal of water, and the
rainfall is not to be depended on to
supply its needs. The resource is irri
gation. There is a vast amount of laud
in the Sandwich Islands which could
be made productive by a water lengthy
either by digging wells or ca *
duits. Before Claus Spreckels’,s ^fjv.
the planters huddled about the
of the valleys and along the
from which they brought water for short
distances in rickety wooden flumes.
Hawaiian sugar planters are the em
bodiment of hospitality. They are much
isolated from one another, and for long
periods their only intercourse with the
outside world is through the occasional
^travelers who stop with them for shelter
jand food. So they welcome all corners.
’There are in this region a plantation and
sugar mill run wholly' by Chinamen.
They are owned by Afong, the wealthy
Chinese merchant in Honolulu, whose
isa graduate of Yale College. The
■L a Chinaman. ill b
land, and to.'turn"his water-supply upon
it, and it was -not long until his faith
was justified. Several sugar mills, with
American machinery and on a scale never
before attempted on the islands, were
erected, turning out in 'the aggregate
several hvmdred tot>s a day. Steam
plows were introduced and patent de
vices of various sorts. 1 it 18S1 there
a unique railway running from one
of these mills to the shipping place, the
motive power of which was the trade
wind, utilized by sails. Now there are
1 locomotives to pull trains of cars along
temporary {racks to various parts of the
plantations and bring in the caue.
i It had always been the custom in the
islands to take the sugar up to Honolulu
! and reship it from there to San Fran
j cisco, owing to the lack of landing
facilities on the other islands. But
, Spreckels built himself wharves and ^ had
vessels come to his plantation, ibis
j ollended the Pacific Mail Steamship
Company and their vessels stopped
touching at the islands, whereupon
i Spreckels built -steamers and put on a
j hue of his own to run twice a month be¬
tween Honolulu and San 1* raucisco in
stead of once a month, as formerly. He
lent King Kalakaua money aud was
made Sir Claus Spreckels and had a voice
m all the affairs of the kingdom,
Spreckels is a rubicund German of no
very great education. He speaks broken
English. His wife is a hearty-looking,
kind-hearted Gerniau woman, and he has
several blonde children to succeed to his
wealth.—New 7 York Advertiser,
Ho:v They Care ior Horses in Japan,
Wherever the Englishman settles, he
.establishes for himself a -comfortable
home, and, naturally, after that is at
tained, founds clubs tor divers athletic
S p ortS ; so in Yokohama and Tokio there
are tegular races in the spring and fall,
jhe care and management of the horses
™.jy es employment to a number of peo
p[ e j a various capacities,
-phe Japanese horse, a pony with short
nec t, busy mane, and thick hair, spends
hj 8 youth, for the most part, in the
mountains, where he learns to climb and
get3 hardened to the weather and lack
„f care> q’he horse used by the farmer
j s seldom groomed except by the rain,
am q Dis fodder consists chiefly of grass
j a t |, e summer, and dry foliage in the
w i llter . w hile the gentleman’s saddle
horse can. count upon good attention.
fodder, consisting of wheat and
as —for there is no hay—is given to
warmed, aud no stable appointments
SWcoaiplete without a great iron fur
for a fire, and a bath-tub; for as
t he gentleman refreshes himself after a
ride with a warm bath, so his horse is
treated to a similar luxury, which he
g rue t 8 with joyous " neighs. The giving
a f u p wara bath to an animal of his
size higii has some practical difficulties; but
a stout wooden tub answers the
purpose. First the horse puts his fore¬
legs into the tub of warm water, and
allows himself to be patiently rubbed
down bj hand; then the tub is pushed
back and he ] ifehiud-i
finally, he is r
straw.
X«&H«e*g Law as Seen Iu Trees.
Let us observe a law common to all
trees. First, neither the stems nor
boughs of the’maplc, elm or oak taper ex¬
cept at the point where they fork. When¬
ever a stem sends forth a branch ami a
branch sends off a smaller bough, bud or
stem, they remain the same in diameter,
and the original stein will increase
rather than diminish until it* next branch
starts. No bough, branch or stem ever
narrows near it - extremity except where
it parts vvitli a portiou <4 its substance
by sending off another branch or aud stem. if
All trees are alike in this respect,
all the boughs, branches, stems, buds
and blossoms were combined and united
without loss of space, they would form a
round log the same iu sire nnd diameter
as the trunk from which they spring.
This is one of nature’s imperative laws
and never fails to prove true.— Boston
Transcript.
Bismarck as a Court Officer.
It was while a student at Berlin, or a
little later, that Bismarck served for a few’
months as court reporter. Au oft told
story here:: of that time will bear repetition
A witness annoyed Bismarck so much
that at last he lost all patience and threat¬
ened to throw the man out. Then the
judge interferred :
“The court will itself attend to all the
throwing our that is done here,” said the
magistrate, and the taking of testimony
proceeded.
Later the witness again became ob¬
streperous. Bismarck jumped up in a
rage, but, bethinking nimseif iu time,
turned his indignation into a humerous
channel.
“Sir!” he yelled, “if you, don’t behave
yourself, I shall have his honor, the judge,
throw you out of this courtroom with his
own bands!”
The River Kile.
The Nile has a fall of six inches to the
thousand miles. The overflow com¬
mences in June every year and continues
until August, attaining an elevation of
from twenty-four to twenty-six feet
above low water mark and fl rwing
through the valley of Egypt in a turbu¬
lent body twelve miles wide. During
the last thousand years there has been
but one sudden rise of the Nile, that of
1820, when 30,000 people were drowned.
After the waters recede each year the ex¬
halations from the mud are simply intol¬
erant to all except the native. This mud
deposit adds about eight inches to the soil
every century and throws a muddy
embankment from twelve to sixteen feet
in'o the sea every year—Minneapolis
Times.
Earlier Beginning of Presbyopia.
The opinion has recently been express¬
ed by some experienced opthalmologists
that presbyopia, or the long sightednes9
obie ots cannot
at
The Poor of Naples.
By degrees it is to ire hoped flint the
inhabit mts of Naples, rich and poor,
will be induced to g> and live in ibe
surburbs. At present there is • popula¬
tion which has increased frn«„ a little
over 400.000 to nearly 000.000, crowded
over eight kilometers. Deduct the space
occupied by churches and public build¬
ings, and there is little more than seven
square kilometers. And this is the first
greatest misfortune for the poor in Na¬
ples. The problem of housing them
solved, it will be, after nil, but the alphn
of the business. There is neither .“bread
nor work' 1 for the masses, who increase
and multiply like rabbits in a warren.
On this point they are extremely sen
sitive. Finding a lad of "tS, for whom
we ried were trying to get work, just mar¬
to a girl of 1G, we ventured to re¬
monstrate, asking how they were to keep
their children. “D> you want even to
extinguish the race of miserable;??” the
husband asked indignantly. — Jessie
White Mario iu Scribner’s.
A Heal and Dumb Telegrapher.
A said telegraph operator of Sedalia, Mo.,
is to be deaf aud dumb, He deei
phers the messages he receives,it is said,
by reading the movements of the relay
armature. The manner in which he re¬
ceives the dispatches is to put his head
against the instrument at which be is
working, so tint he can feel the jarring
of the sounds.
A Possible Discovery.
Perhaps you never wrote on the out¬
side of your sheet and then on the inside
before you discovered that you had a
sheet within a sheet, or blurred or blot¬
ted a letter that you were finishing with
a flourish and had no time to rewrite.—
Boston Commonwealth.
Royal Baking: Powder
**•
is Absolutely Pure
\ A/'HILE there are so many alum baking pow
* ’ ders in the market, the use of which all
physicians decide render the food unwholesome
and liable to produce dyspepsia and other
ailments, housekeepers should exercise the ut¬
most care to prevent any powder but the P al
from being brought into th^ir kitchens.
In the use of Royal there is an abaolute
certainty of pure and wholesome food.
The official State Chemists report: The
Royal Baking Powder does not contain am¬
monia, alum, lime, nor any injurious ingre¬
dients. It is absolutely pure and wholesome.
The Government reports show all other
baking opwders to pontain impurities. ^
Useful Hints.
New bread should not be placed in a
stone j \r or tin box until cold.
The freshness of vegetables cold is preserved
by putting the stdks only in water.
If meat exhibits signs of “turning
put it at oucc iu a hot oven for half an
hour.
Milk absorbs disagreeable odors, and
oftentimes becomes unfit for use without
turning sour.
For a burn or s aid, make a paste of
baking soda, apply immeniately and
cover with a piece of soft linen.
For toothache hold warm water, in
which a little carbonate of soda has been
dissolved, in the mouth.
When putting awiy steel knives, rub
the blades with & lltunel dipped tl ia
oil and iu au hour wipe with soft m
neh
A cooking stove not serving its normal
use is not the poorest of refrigerators.
The oven is tree from dust and flies.
A warm bread arid-butter poultice, with
a heaping tablespoonlnl of pulverized Apply
charcoal, will cure carbuncles.
warm, and when cold apply another.
Ix 1794 the liist turnpike road was
made, sixty-two miles long, between
Lancaster and Philadelphia, so called be¬
cause it was required to be so hard that a
[tike could not be driven through it.
For Dyspepsia, Indigestion and Stomach dis¬
orders, use Brown's Iron Bitters the Best
Tonic, it rebuilds the Biood and strengthens
the muscles. A splendid medicine for weak
and debilitated persons.
Our lints cost us $100,000,000 less a year than
we pay for our shoes.
For Coughs and Throat Troubles use
Brown’s Bronchi m. Troches.—“T promptly.” hey stop
an attack of Miainiville my asthma Ohio. cough very
—V. Falch , ,
If afflicted with sore eyes use Dr. Isaac Thomp¬
son’s Kye-\vat")'.Druggists sell at 25c per bottle.
Vi
*>S,
'M
. \
PpifT N
ONE ENJOYS
Both tli6 method find results when
Syrup and refreshing of Figs ia taken; it is pleasant
to the taste, and acts
gently Liver and yet promptly Bowels, on the Kidneys,
cleanses the sys¬
aches tem effectually, and fevers dispels colds, head¬
and cures habitual
constipation. ]y remedy of Syrup its kind of Figs is the
on ever pro
(]uced pleasing to the taste and ac
peptable its action to and the truly stomach, beneficial prompt ia its in
effects, prepared only from the most
healthy excellent and agreeable substances, commend its
many qualities it
to all and have made it the most
popular Syrup remedy of Figs known. in 50c
is for sale
and $1 bottles by all leading drug¬
gists. Any have reliable druggist who
may not it on hand will pro¬
cure it promptly for any one who
wishes to try it. Bo not accept any
substitute.
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO
SAN FRANCISCO. CAL.
LOUISVILLE, KV. NEW YORK, N.Y
AN ASTONISHING
TONIC FOR WOMEN.
McELREE’S
OF
£
It Strengthens the Weak, Quiets the
Nerves, Suffering Relieves Monthly
and Cures
FEMALE DISEASES.
ASK YOUR DRUGGI8T ABOUT IT.
•1.00 PER BOTTLE.
CHATTANOOGA WED. CO., Chattinoogi, T*nn.
BICYCLES *
XT, Complete line of liiigh, medium an I
cheap grade Bicycles. Bun catalog:uea dries of
all kinds. Send stamp.for
and prices. Imirti'iiM' Bnrjtnin* Bicycles*
in Second-11 find The
Pneumatic iu id Cushion Tired. Installment only**
olusivHly bi«;ycl« house in the South. ■erm*
to responsible parlies. Send references. Ad iresa,
BlCYCfcU DEl'AinWT, I*, (/halfant* LOWKY Manager., IIAIU»- No.
WARM CO.* Ifi.
.'{# Peachtree Streot, Atlanta, Ga.
■at fttnMatmiiinip i u ,I I), mb mil FAMILY > i NLJLfi IS
IDEAL