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TRY AN AD. IN THE TIMES!
A Bio Ad. Will
Sell Your Goods:
It attracts new customers and holds
the old ones. People don’t will forget you
and your goods memory.” if you constantly
“jog their
A Little Ad. Will
Bring back your stray animal,
find a purchaser for your house and lot,
horse and buggy, or anything else.
TRY AN AD. IN THE
r JT’S V
Cleveland Reviews the Af¬
fairs of the Country.
TO CONGRESS.
Lengthy Statement of the Financial Sit¬
uation—Greenback* Only a Makeshift
and Should Be Retired—This Country
Will Insist That the Venezuelan Dispute
Shall Be Submitted to Arbitration.
Washington, Dec. 3, 1895.
.o .to ot k<MM
States:
The present assemblage of thedegisla
branch of our government occurs at
time when tho interests of our people
the needs of the country give es- j
prominence to the condition of
foreign relations and the exigencies
our natienal finances. The reports of
heads of the several administrative
of the government fully
plainly exhibit what has been ac¬
within the score of their re¬
duties and present each recom¬
for the betterment of our
condition as patriotic and in¬
labor and observation suggest.
I therefore deem my executive duty
performed at this time by
to the congress tho import¬
ant phases of onr situation as related to
onr intercourse with foreign financial nations, prob¬
and a statement of the
xvhich confronts ns, omitting, ex¬
cept- reference as. they are to related department to these operations. topics,
Any invite, however, not only
the I earnestly careful' consideration but the
se¬
verely critical scruitny of the congress
and my fellow countrymen to the re¬
ports concerning these departmental fairly
operations. If furnish justly and proof of assidu¬ exam¬
ined they will
ous and painstaken care for the public
welfare, I press the recommendations
the contain charged upon the respectful attention of
of those with the duty leg¬
islation, because I believe their adop¬
tion By would amendatory promote tariff the peoples’ legislation good. in
January last, the Argentine the republio,
recognizing the value of large mar¬
ket opened to the free importation of
its wools under our last tariff act, has
jtdmittod certain products reduced of duties. the United It is
pleasing fitates to entry at that the efforts have
to note we
made to enlarge the exchanges of trade
on a sound basis of mutual benefit are
in this instance appreciated woolen by the factories coun¬
try from their which needful our supply of
draw raw ma¬
terial.
Argentine Boundary Dispute*
Tto missions
tween the Argentine repulhc and Bra
Ell, referred to the president of the
United States as arbitrator during the
term of my predecessor, and which was
eubmitted to mo for determination, re
suited in an award “in favor of Brazil
upon the historical and. documentary 1°5
M>to»ato* and demon- «
protected etratiug the controversy wisdom and desirability again of
settling international boundary arbitration. disputes No
by recourse to friendly for
gotiations are progressing a revival
of the United States and Chilian claims
commission, whosS'work by the was abruptly
terminated last yeai expiration
of tho stipulated time Within wlucl,
awards could be made.
The resumption of specie payments
by Chili is a step of great interest and
importance both in its welfare direct conse
queuces upon her own and as
pial evuicuig principles the ascendancj in one of the of k most n -.iUu n«*»n* luflu
pnfial of the South American republics.
”»<“->»-■"•“
The close China of the momentous Japan, while strugglq reliev
between amt
ing ihe diplomatic agents of this govern
meat from tho delicate duty they uu
of rendering such service to the sub
Jects of either belligerent of other with the
territorial limits each as
our neutral position permitted, do
veloped a domestic condition in
the Chinese empire, which has
caused much anxiety and called for
prompt and careful attention. Either
as a result of a weak control by the cen
tral government over the provincial ad
ministrations, following a diminution
of traditional governmental of overwhelming authority
tinder imtional the stress ail
disaster or as a manifestation
fipop good opportunity pf the aversion
pf the atid Chinese undertakings, population therb to ail have foreign
\vays OC:
purred in widely separated provinces of
China, serious outbreaks of tne old fanat
ical spirit against foreigners, which,
unchecked by the local authorities if
liot actually connived at by them, have
resulted in mob attacks on foeigu mis
sionary stations, causing much destruc
tion of property, and attended with per
sonal injuries as well as loss of life
A1 though but one American citizen
was reported to^ have ^becu ^rtnally
Twunucu, to toiuougn fallen mu uo,i.»uvu heav
df property may have of more other
liy upon flic missionaries na
tioriidities than oftr own, it plainly be ;
hoyed this government to take the most
prornpt nromnt and ana decided action " ‘J ’ to guard u
against similar or perhaps more dread
ful calamities befalling the hundreds of
American mission throughout stations the vyhich interior have of
grown up the temperate rule of tol
China under
eration, custom and imperial edict. The
£»«SS3ras«; demands of the United Statas and other
respective cities and provinces, who by
neglect or otherwise had permitted up
risings and for the adoption -of stern
measures by the emperor's the life government and
for ior the urn protection plo t of prop*
erty of foreigners, weM tcXUnradbyths frdlnwod hv tfin
Bisgrace and dismissal of certain provin
Cial officials found derelict m duty and
the punishment by death of a nnmbe#
bf those adjudged guilty of actual par
outrages. ‘
ticipatiofi government in the also insisted that
■ This aniSfcUv anmrntBsion should a
epecial American eommvsston shouiq
visit the province where the first dis
turbances occurred for thc purpose of
investigate ’j. This latter commission,
found after much opposition, has gone
overland from Tien-Tsin, accompanied its
by a suitable Chinese escort and by
demonstration of the readiness and
abihty of our government it believed, to protect its
citizens will act, is of similar as a
moBt influential deterrent any
’ outbreaks. The energetic steps we
Vol. IV.
taken are all the more likely to re¬
In future safety to enr citizens id
because tho imperial government ccuyineod
I am persuaded, only entirely liberty and
vve desire the pro¬
of onr own citizens and redress
any wrongs they may have suffered,
that we have no ulterior designs Chinn or
political or otherwise.
not forget either our kindly service
her citizens during her late war nor
further fact that, v.-hile furnishing
all the facilities at our command to
the negotiation of peace be¬
tween her and Japan, we sought no ad¬
vantages and interposed no counsel.
The governments of both China and
Japan have, in special dispatches, trans¬
mitted through their respective diplo
“fpSSfSK?(ffiSEw preciation assistanr-o to their ovti
of our
zens during the unhappy struggle, and
of the value of onr aid iu paving the
wav to their resumption of peaceful
Our Relations Willi France.
The customary cordial relations !>e
t-.veen this country rind France have
been undisturbed, xvith tho exception
that a full explanation of the treat¬
ment of John L. Walter by tho ex¬
traordinary military authorities ol
France still remains to be consul given.
Waller, formerly United States
at Tamatave, remained in Madagascar and
after his term of office expired, procuring bus¬ was
apparently successful in
iness concessions from the Hovas of
greater or less value. After the occu¬
pation of Tamatave and the declaration
of martial law by the French, he was
arrested upon various charges, military among
them that of communicating of France,
information to the enemies
was tried and convicted by a military
tribunal and sentenced to 20 years’ just¬ im¬
prisonment. Following the course this
ified by abundant precedents, gov¬
ernment requested from that of France
the record of the procode of the French
tribunal which resulted in Waller’s
condemnation. This request has been
complied with to the extent of supply¬
ing a copy of tho official record, from
which appear the constitution and or¬
ganization of the court, the charges as
formulated, and the general course and
result of the trial, and by ■which it is
shown that the accused was tried in
open court and was defended by couu
set.
But the evidence adduced in support of
the charges, which was not received by
the French minister for foreign affairs
till the first week in October—has thus
far been witnessed, the French govern¬
ment taking the ground that its would produc¬
tion tablish in response bad precedent. to ourldetnand TI efforts es¬ of
a 40
our ambassador to procure changes'® it, however, the
though French impeded ministry, by have recent uot been relaxed,
and it is confidently expected that some will
satisfactory solution of the matter
shortly Meanwhile be reached. that Waller’s
has it appears con¬
finement every alleviation which the
£“SLJ£,
Tn agreeable contrast to the difference
above noted respecting a matter of eom
m on suoh concern where mutually nothing satisfactory is sought out- ex¬
cept the a true merits of the
come as case
require, is the recent resolution of the
French chambers favoring the conclusion
StSX&tJS&J? invitation has been extended m by
Au
France to the government and people of
the United States to participate Paris in a in great 1900
international exposition at
as a suitable commemoration of the close
tll,s ’ ttle world s marvellous century of
together ^ithkuch legislation
as sentation will adequately of this provide for a due and rep its
re government
on this occasion.
Bc „ at ,ons With Germany,
Our relations witti t , the , atatesot the , Ger- _
of', thin^elsewhlre productions and fo°und trade
j u countries whose
a re similar to our own. The close rival
r ii s of competing industries; WSttSSl the influence
n* wealth Increased by a policy which in
undertaking exohisive to reserve of its its home producers markets
for the use own
obstructs■ their sqles in foreign
r.-toivi trade in time-worn ruts, regardless needs and
c j ;inexorable laws of new
changed condition of demand and supply,
and our own halting tardiness in incit
ing a freer exchange of commodities and
by tins f^ctonted‘YsituaWon means imperiling our footing ra
h ^SmLXit in°
j u rioug to American exports interests, not
only in noticeable, Germany, but where in adjacent they are countries, perhaps
most,
Tbe exports affected are larg'dy Ameri
can cattle and other food products., the
reason assigned for unfavorable dis
t-dth. Sriouf all'the to the pub
Uc This is more irri
tating in view of the. fact that no Euro
pean state is as jeaious of the excellence
and wholesomenes* United of its exported easi- food
supplies of the States, nor so
ly able, on account of inherent soundness
^eVrgmten' onesided. that interna
tionn i trade can not be Its cur
rents are alternating and its movements
should be honestly reciprocal. degcueratea Without into
this it almost necessarily
a device to gain benefits advantage with on only a the contriv
ance to secure sem
bl ^ e of '‘ r ^‘ r "
8e c n e tions should not , how
ever, constrain us to submit to unfair dis
crimination nor to silently acquiesce in
vexatious hindranf es legitimate tq the enjoynymt advantages of
our shale of‘tho
of proper trade relations. If «n examma
tiou of the situation suggests such ineas
ur( , g ou ollr part a , WO uld Involve restric
t|nns B j m ;i ar l0 those from which we suf
fer the way t0 such a course is easy.
jje ahouid, estered however, by since no the means
lightly for the Inauguration upon, of such ne
cessity would be regretted by the best a
policy sentiment of people, and because it
our
s=s;s4SBS5,ttiai.-
Relations xv itn Great Britain,
Our relations with Great.Britain, always
intimate and important, have demanded
during the past year even a greater share
of consideration than is usual,
Several vexatious questions decision were left
nndeMrmined by thc of the Bci
j principles S[ . a tribunal. laid (jown The by application that of body tho
been followed by the august they
has not results
were intended to accomplish, either be
cause imperfect. thqir exethtiou Much UM been more has or
exchanged between correspondence the
been * two govern- ?enting
exterminating on thc #ubJect slaughter of p;e of seals,
r rhe insufficiency of the British patrol
0 f Bthring sea, under the regulations
agreed pointei on by out, the and two governments, only British has
been yet two
l, T tJ duri!, « thl9
^’hT neid of a m"re . ffective enforee
ment 0 f existing regulations, as well as
j be adoptioa of such Additional rcgula
tions solutely as experience has shown the to be intent ah
necessary to carry out
BUL
Statesboro, Bulloch County. Georgia, Thursday, Dec. 5,1895.
of , the award, have beeni earnest „<,ttv y urged ujvcu
upon the British effects S 0 '*-™’*
far without results-, "ing ' b 7
meaM ly progressed of palatrichuntmg that unless their ha * slaughter . 5#
-». * "'c
nfrissssyiir ted States to and wMAiwffl* Great
was pay,
to receive, a lump sum of ^,t »0 » » A
settlement of all British claims fr >
sealing ges arising from unanthorized onr ®, t j u ,
vessels arbitration, un
award of the Fans tribunal of
was not confirmed by thei last cv ng :■ .
which dechned m make the necess ty ap
propriation. I am still of the opm •
! ^s a m«,m antageous rranKem !^» on 8 for thJ the m g vo-mnent * '
and I earnestly 1 U. , ,
recommen
sanctiondl. _ .
again i^nsidered and meetwith the(toyorot ,
ever, this does not
congress, it certainly will hardly'
? r< ra* proposition that the g e
is and boumi good by faith every pr.iviile consideration , -'
to j ",,
adjustment of theser claims by A arbitration timy
as the only oflier alternative.
aroitration upon, and will .^. a . be 8 J}**®*®!?™ lmmedis^ely , S la w,, ' r ,,
the senate, so that in one t t
suggested, final settlement may c l
the international ^ecornmi^mtaapiwmte boundary jn ^ ■
quoddybav according to treaty, , have
a
not yet ruuj agreed.
The Alaskan Boundary.
The completion Alnsk-an of the boundary preliminary which Slur- fol
vev of the ooiitoSr St
lows the of the from the
southernmostnoint fsland^ uSfl of the^ Prince ”e of Wales
fortv-firJt it strikes hundred
and me -Ulian at or near the
’
necessary xentlf recommeffi annrooriation Thk^ which is ur
survey vvas
undertaken under tile orovisions P of the
convention entered into bv 2~I this country
and Great Britain 7 ulv 189) and the
sunDlementarv f R, t J convention on Ltl of February 1
As tntberemninino-section which of the
kail bn nml n r ^ortv-first, v follows meridian' the one
hundred and north
wordlv y frnmAIoimt st Elias to the frozen
ocea the^^hvs)eil -1 the settlement of which involves
innventiAnri Location of the meridian men
liMMMiSl .lo asetwtainment mrreen’ent lias
Th« of a given
Ipm m ir!n“ diai at m,ml? narlicuku 1 Sul mint is obiJ'rv^ a work
Vm? ime n
th.iis Inrvcv* Korvevs Such observations and
StlteJcnast were under* lken bv the United
am™^ whfle and eeadetic survey in XW)J
nnarteri’^nder similar work ^usnices in the oSc same
Overran c^oincident be
these* lurvevs mVknear!v W^independently result but
T,p:mp^minnat have i ,®en)ent,
^
nnv y rsf mher merlSbv rnrts of the
rt nor
—
K In SXKa mAantfrae the valley of the Yukon
Lrtaune?mmefwUs t 1 , 1 th
ah^n^nt m?n«al of t *^^i,dis Alaska and
n L m wealth --ftgiallv
c y ys j i tbm I» 1 -PD-ion I .iTi
. ■■
In these circumstances it is expedient in
Her BTta^cmto^Sve^nfhl “ ia dtb’initation
inint first* of the one
hundred iXSoS miff SSs forty meridian of bv an o“
U a,fthoX ewerts e S
luch.if congress wilt a and
_ ,
name
rnmnlished il lmnoiihle with no unreasonable delay
It m.S .nTnf -ontinnh,!^ to overlook the vital ah-eidv im
SS'riTm ^ tim work
farther effectJve^teSres l Rnnnlementimr to^in fto it t bv
pvm'tfneatrnn th^s 4 the
exact location of of th.s entire entire Imuudarv bouua.uy
lme -
The United States and Canada.
I call attention to the unsatisfactory de¬
bilitation of the respective and jurisdictions Dominion
of the United States the the
of Canada in the great lakes at ap¬
proaches to the narrow waters that
connect them. The waters in ques¬
tion are frequented by fishermen of
both nationalities and their nets are
there used. Owing to the uncer¬
tainty and ignorance as to the t rue
boundary, vexatious disputes and injuri
ous sriznres of boats and nets by Cana¬
dian cruisers often occur, while any posi¬
tive settlement thereof by ail reached. accepted
standard is not easily to no A
joint commission to determine the line in
those measured quarters, oil filling a practical marks basis, by
courses range on
shore is a necessity be for which immediate
provision should made. It being ap¬
parent- that the boundary dispute between
Great Britain and the republic of Ven¬
ezuela concerning the limits of British
Guinea definite was approaching of the ail interest acute stage, and
a statement
policy of the United States as regards the
controversy seemed to be view required both
on its own account and in of its re¬
lation with the friendly powers directly
concerned.
The Venezuelan Dispute.
In July last, therefore, a dispatch was
addressed communication to our ambassador at London
for to the British govern¬
ment, iu which tho attitude of the United
States was fully and distinctly set forth.
The aud general conclusions therein reached
formulated are in substance that the
traditional and established policy of this
government Increase is firmly European opposed to a of forcible its
ritorial possessions by any this power continent, that ter¬
on
this policy is as well founded in principle
precedents; as itis strongly that supported by numerous the
as a consequence against
United States is bound to protest
thc enlargement of the area of British
Guineha in derogation of the rights and
against ering the will of Venezuela; that consid¬
the anJVenezuela, dA virity as in strength territorial of Great dis¬
Britain the
pute between them can be reasonably set¬
tled only by friendly and impartial arbi¬
tration, and that the resort to such arbi¬
tration should include the whole cbtitro-.
veray, and is not satisfied if ope of the
poivers concerned is permitted to draw an
arbitrary bate, line thf-oiigh the territory in de¬
anti jo declare that it will submit to
arbitration only the portion lying conclusions, on one
hide of it. In view of these
the dispatch in question called upon the
British government for a definite answer
to the question whether it would or would
uot submit the territorial controversy be¬
tween itself and Venezuela in its entirety
to impartial arbitration. The answer of
the British government has not been re¬
ceived, but is expected shortly, the subject when will fur¬
ther communication on
probably be made to the coagre3s.
The Hawaiian Revolution.
against Early the in January government last, of an Hawaii uprising
was
promptly suppressed. Martial law was
forthwith proclaimed, and numerous ar¬
rests were made of persons the royalist suspected Of
being in sympathy with party:
Among these were several citizens of the
United States, who were either convicted
by a military court and sentenced td
death, imprisonment, or fine, or were dtr
ported without trial. Tfie United States,
while denying prataciion to such as had
token the Hawaiian oath of allegiance, in¬
sisted that martial law, could though supersede altering
the forms of justice, and demanded not stay of
justice itself, proceedings had been execu¬ sutf
tion until the
milted to this government and knowledge
obtained therefrom that our citizens tod
received fait trial.
The death sentences ramified were subsequently condition
committed or were The on of
of leaving tbe islands. e ises cer->
tain Americans armteJ forirslbhsrgc and expelled by
arbitrary order without or
trial have tod attention and Ul sonto in
ttauces has been to tad V jt’siify lemoa-
and a claim for indemnity, whicn
Iar conceded. Mr. Thurston,
Hawsiin minister having furnished
government with abundant reason
asking t hat, he be recaUe i, that course
pursued pursueu and his successor has lately
«. *»«'■*. ......
( „ ;U1 the last preceding revolt, which
imie A f rom 1868 to 1878, now exists in
i large part of the eastern interior of the
island, menacing even deranging some populations the
on the coast,. Besides cam
exch „ nges of the island, of which
country takes condition the pnidomina-it of> hostilities. share, 1
flag rrt emotional nt sympathy and unfit )/
arousing support our
ing adventurous amouug effort the
people has entailed earnest on
part of this government lawjami to enforce obedi
( .uoe to eftir neutrality Unite.* to pi-ev -ut
0 f ito States from
being abused as, a vantage arrbsF i ground ground from from
which which to to aid aid those those in in arms Against Against Span- Span¬ the
ish j s i, soverigntv. SO verigntv. whatever whatever maybe maybe the
traditional traditional sympathy sympathy ( [duals, of of our our eountry- country
as individuals, in liv straggling struggling with with a a for for people people lar¬ l.ir
who w , JO Beem Si . wn to t l lie tie
ger ger autonomy. autonomy. Greater Greater freedom freedom de¬ de
pend pen ,j as as such 8 uch sympathy, sympathy, uciffbb neighbors, naturally naturally must must tho tho
he in behalf of 0 f our our .rs. is is yet yet oh- ob¬
plain p] ;i j u duty ,] u tv of „[ their their government government to to
serve s tions tions wvo in in of of good good international international faith faith tho the rehiriouship. rehieuniship. recognized recognized obliga¬ obligs- The The
“ duty should
performance rfornianco of of this tb ; a duty? should not not be he
made made more more difficult difficult by by a a disregard disregard obligations obligations on on the the
part p irfc ot of our our citizens citizens of of the the
growing growing out out of of their their allegiance allegiance to to
tueir tueir country, country, which which should should restrain restrain
them them from from violating, violating, as as individuals, Individuals,
the the neutrality neutrality which which the the nation nation of of
Which which they they are are members members is is bound bound
to to observe observe in in its its relations relations of ot friend- frleud
ly sovereign states. people’s Though Though sympathy neither neither with with
the warmth insurgents, insurgents, of our people’s sympathy loss loss and and
tho Ihe Cuban Cuban nor nor our our
material material damage damage consequent consequent upon upon the the
futile futile endeavors endeavors thus thus far far m m de .de to to restore restore
peace peace and and order, order, nor nor any any shock shock our our human human
sensibilities sensibilities may may have have received received from from the the
cruelties cruelties which which appear appear to to especially especially char- char¬
acterize acterize this this sanguinary sanguinary and and finely finely eon- eon
ducted ducted war, war, have have in in the the least least shaken shaken the the
determination determination of of the the government government to to hon hon
estly estly fulfill fulfill every every international international hoped, hoped, obligation, obligation,
yet yet it it is is to to that that be be earnestly earnestly the the devastation devastation of of on on armed armed every every
ground, ground, conflict conflict speedily speedily be be stayed stayed and and order order
may may restored restored distracted distracted island, island,
and and quiet quiet train train to to the the of of activity activity and oml thrift thrift
bringing bringing peaceful peaceful iu in pursuits. pursuits. the the
of of
One One notable notable instance instance of of interference interference by by
Spain Spain with with On On passing passing American American ships ships Alliance, has has oo- oc¬
curved. curred. March March 8 8 last, last, the the Alliance,
while while bound bound from from Colon Colon to to New New York, York,
and and following following the the customary customary track track for for
vessels vessels near near the the Cuban Cuban shore, shore, but but outside outside
t the he three three mile mile limit, limit, was was fired fired upon upon by by a a
Spanish Spanish made made by by gunboat. gunboat. the the United United Protest Protest States States was was against against promptly promptly tnis tuts
act act as as not not being being justified justified by by of of a a vessels vessels state state of of war, war, the the
nor nor permissible permissible in in respect, respect tolerable tolerable on on in in
usual usual paths paths of of commerce, commerce, nor nor
view view of Of the tbe wanton wanton peril peril Occasioned occasioned to to in- in¬
nocent nocent life life and and property. property. The The act act was was dis¬ dis
avowed, avowed, with with full full expression expression of of regret regret and and
assurance assurance of of non-recurrenor non-recurrenoc while of of such such offend- offend- just just
cause- of complaint, complaint, while the the
relieved of bis command.
riWlBtoJj t Turkey .
w
of (fwistians bi?Vrmeniafmd
ment there hostility and in other Christian districts influences of a spirit
oE <!inilt;k: to
naturally excited apprebe.) ion- for the
safety of the devoted men and women
who, as dependents of United the foreign States, mission- reside
ary societies in the
il! Turkey under the guarantee of law and
usage ami educational in the legitimate and religious performance mission,
,)C
No efforts have been spared in their behalf,
and their protection m person and prop
ort y ] 3US |, eeu earnestly within and vigorously en
forced by every means our power,
I regret, however, that an attempt on
onr part to obtain better information con
ce ruing the true condition of affairs in the
disturbed quarter of the Ottoman empire,
by sending thi he • the United States con
sul at Sivas to make investigation and re
port, was thwarted by the objections of
the Turkish government. This movement
on our part was iu no sense meant as a
gratuitous States entanglement of the United
in the officious socalled eastern question, with the
nor as an interference
right certain and duty which belong by treaty calling to
great intervention European political powers, matters
for their in
affecting the good government and reli
gious freedom of the non-Mussulman
subjects of the sultan, but it arose solely
from oar desire to have an accurate
knowledge of the condition iu our efforts
to pon. care for those entitled to our protec
The presence of our naval vessels which
are now in the vicinity of the disturbed
localities affords familiarity opportunities with to the acquire condi
a measure of
tiou of affairs, and will enable us to take
suitable steps for the protection within of reach any
interests of our countrymen
of our ships that might be found itoper
ile l. American
Though thus far no lives of
citizens have been sacrificed, there can be
no doubt that serious loss and destruction
of mission property have resulted from
riotous conflicts and outrageous attacks.
”* .......- ..............
As we turn from a review of our foreign
relations to the contemplation of immedi¬ our na¬
tional financial situation we are
ately aware that we approach important a subject than of
domestic concern mere
any other that can engage our attention,
and one at present in such » perplexing
and delicate and predicament treatment. as to require
prompt • ise
\\'e may well be encouraged to earnest
effort in this direction when vve recall the
steps already taken toward improving our
economic and financial sitiutlian and when
we appreciate how well #he way has been
aroused prepared and fi .ntefiigeut r further popular progress interest by an in
these subjects. of tltf iJcnplo customs f
By comipg designed a- ihe protection rev
enue and system for
benefit of favored elas.-e-i at the ex¬
pense of the great mass of our country¬
men and which, while inefficient for the
purpose of revenue, curtailed our
trade relations and impeded the world, our
entrance to,the markets of
has been superseded by a tariff policv
which in principle is based upon a denial
of the right of tto government to obstruct
the avenues to our people cheap living or
lessen their comfort and contentment for
the sake of according and which, especial while Advantages
to favorites eneourag
ing our intercourse and trade with other
nations, recognizes the fact that Amen
can self reliance, thrift and industriesand.de- ingenuity can
build up our country's surely than
velop its resources more eu
ervaling and paternalism. coinage of The silver oornphlsory by the
purchase eminent, unchecked and unregulated gov- by
business condition.^ and heedless of our
enrreuev needs, which circulating for more medium, than 15
years diluted our
undermiued confidence abroad m onr
financial ability mi l at last culminated in
distr.-ss|and paqic at borne, has been re
cently stopped by the repeal of the laws
which forced this reckless scheme upan
ihe country.
The things thus accomplished, importance notwith- and
standing their effects, extreme fall far short of curing
benelicient
the monetary evils from which We suffer
ns a result n'f long indulgence in ill-ad
vised financial expedients, .The currency,
denominated United States notes and coip
mouly known as greenback* was issued in
and large Was volume intended during Originally the iate to civil meet war, the
exigencies Of that period. It will lie seen
by a reference to the debates ed Inffcongress anthoriz-'
at the time the laws were pa>
ing the issu of these notes tlrat ttotf ad
vocates ded ed they were iBteatod for
•
temporary list and to meet tho enter
of war. In almost if provision not all the
relating contemplating to them, some their voluntary was
or
retirement. A large quan
of mingled them, however, the were kept on of foot the
with currency
aaawr w
of specie payments, by which
secretary additional of the treasury was required,
circulation was i»
to national banks, to retire United
notes equal in amount to 80 per
of such additional national bank cir
until such notes were reduced to
This law further provided that on and
Jan. 1, 1879, the United States notes
outstanding should he redeemed m
coin, mid in order to provide and prepare
for such redemption the secretary of the
was authorized not government, only to use
any surplus revenues of the
but, to issue bonds of the United States
and desposa of them for coin and to use
the proceeds for the purposes contomp
iated by the statues.
appointed In May, 1870, and before the date thus
for redemption and retirement
of these notes, another statute cancellation was passed and
forbidding their further
retirement. Some of them had, cancelled however,
been previously redeemed and
upon the issue of additional national bank
circulation, as permitted by the law of
1873, so that the amount outstanding theactforbid- at
the time of the passage of
ding theirfurtU:-rretii-ementwas#316,-
681,016. at distant
The law of 1878 did not stop
prohibition, hut contained, in addition,
the “And following when express of said provision: notes be
any may re*
deemed or be received into the treasury,
under shall any law, from any the source whatever,
and belong to l mted States,
they shall not be retired, cancelled or de
stroyed but they shall be reissued and
paid out again and kept m circulation.
The government was put lu the anom
alous situation of owing to the holders of
its notes, debts payable iu gold on demand
which could neither be retired by receiv
ing such notes in discharge of obligations
due the government, nor cancelled by
actual payments in gold, it was toreed to
redeem without redemption and to pay
without acquittance.
There hail been Issued
030 of tax bonds authorized by the resump
tioa act of 187), the proceeds of which, to
getber with other gold in the treasury.
created a gold fund deemed sufficient to
meet the demands which might be male
upon it for the redemption of the out
standing United States notes This fund.
together with such other gold as might be
from time to time ra the treasury avail
able for the same purpose, has been since
called our goid reserve, and #100,000,000
lias been regarded as an adequate This amount fund
to accomplish its object.
amounted on Jan. 1, 1878, to $U4,193,360, fluetu
ami though thereafter constantly until
at ing, it did not fall below that sum
July, .1893. In Apr* 1893, for the first
time since its establishment, this reserve
amounted to less than $100,090,000, con
Vl the
**hroni ( .l G conlWS* act had been
mmiref \mder previou? silver
viding that in payment for such
treasury notes of the United States should
be issifed payable on demand in gold or
silver com at the discretion of thcsecre
tary of the treasury. It was, established however,
declared iu the act to be “the
policy of the United States to maintain tho
two metals on a parity with each other
upon the present legal ratio, or such ratio
as may be provided by law.’ in view of
tills declaration it was not deemed permis
sible lor the secretary of the treasury to
exercise the discretion in terms conferred
on him, by refusing to pay gold such on these
when demanded, because by discrim
iuation in favor of the gold dollar the so
called parity of the two metals would be
destroyed, and grave and dangerous by con¬
sequences would be precipitated the constantly affirm- widen
ing or accentuating their actual values
lug disparity the existing between ratio,
under
It thus resulted that the treasury notes
issued in payment-of silver necessarily purchases mi¬
der the law of 1899 were
as gold obligations, at the option of the fist
holder. These notes on the
day of November, 1893, when the
law compelling the month pur
purchase of silver was repealed The amounted of
to more than $155,000,000. notes
this description now outstanding undimiu- added
to the United States notes still
ished by redemption or cancellation cou¬
stitute' a volume of gold obligations
amounting to nearly $590 000,000. which, These
obligations are the instruments
ever since we have bad a gold reserve,
have been used to deplete it.
This reserve, as has been stated, had
fallen iu April, 1893, the to $97,911,830. with It has
from that time to upward present, very
few and unimportant movements,
steadily decreased, except as it has been
temporarily replenished by the sale of
bonds. conditions the
In consequence of these
gold reserve on the first day of February,
!siKs?aasr±w 1*94, was reduced to #65,433,877, having
k
Its replenishment accomplishing being neessary it and being no
other manner of and
possible, resort was had to the issue
sale of bonds, provided for by the resump¬
tion act of 1875. Fifty millions of these
bands were sold yielding *58,733,295.75
which was added to the leserve fund of
goid then on hand. As a result of this op¬
eration this reserve which had suffered
constant and large withdrawals in the
meantime, sto eif m the s x:h day March,
1804, at the sura of of #107,455,8 )2. Its de¬
pletion Was however, immedi tely there¬
after so accelerated that on the 30th d y
pf June ls9t.it had fallen to #04,873,025,
thus losing by withdrBwais more than
$t),« 0 J, 0 i)) in five months and dropping
sligjitly #50 b. low in its bon situation is, effected w hen the for sale its
of 000,000 was
replenishment. This depressed condition
grew worse,
and ou the 24th day of November 1804, out
cold reserve being reduced to *57,669,701, it.
It became necessary to again side strengthen of bonds
This was done by another
amounting amount inn- to to # *59dOO.nuO. 39 . 000 , 000 , from from which which
there was re ilized #58 538,.5'K), with which
the fun-1 vvas increased to #111,142,011, on
the 4th d iv of Bceemb -r 18.(4, again dis- for
appointment awaited the anxious h pe
qj relict. Between ik95, Dec. 1 st 1894. scarcely and early
than ),- eb . a period after of the second more rein
two months sale
fhreement of our gold reserve vvithdravvala by the
of pf bonds bends it it had had lost 1 by such
more than #19,0 K),OK) aud had fallen to
fctuil 349,181. 1.181. Neatly Nearly #*3,049,001 #t.3,(M4,(lO> had had been been
withdraw n within situation,_ the month immediately
preceding r this impending _ ‘rouble, I
anticipation of addressed
find on Jan, 84. 1395, fully a eorninu- setting
ideation to diffieiiities the congress, dangerous posi
forth our and
lion, aud earnestly recommending that the
authority be given the secretary of
treasury to issue bonds bearing a low rate
of interest, payable by their terms in gold,
for the purpose of maintaining tbe redeniption a sufficient
gold reserve, and also for United
and cancellation of outstanding issued
States notes and the treasury note*
for the purchase of silver under the law of
1890. This recommendation did not, tow¬
ever, er, meet meet with with the tiie approval approval of of congress, congress,
iu February, 1893, therefore, the sittvy
tion was exceedingly critical wltfi q re ;
serve perilously . low aud - a refund ‘ ttf of toft
gression.il aid everything indicated th* that
the end of gold payments The by results of govern¬ prior
ment was imminent. been
bond Issues bad exceedingly withdrawals unsatis¬ gots|
factory, and the large of
immediately succeeding their public feasottabi# »vbt
In . open market gave rise to 3
No. 28.
that ft largo part of tlie gold
into the treasury upon such sales
was promptly drawn United out again by One
of States notes or
notes and found its way to the
of those who Imd only temporarily of bonds.
with it in the purchase
An agreement was therefore made with
number of financiers amt bankers where¬
by it was stipulated that hands described
tne resumption after act of their IK7.5, date, payable hearing in
thirty the years rate of 4 cent,
ut per per an¬
num, and amounting to about tfV3,buO,bOb receivable
should be exchanged for gold,
by weight, amounting to a little more
than $ 0 i ( 000 , 00 >.
This gold was to be'delivered in such in¬
stallments within about as six would months complete from it the s delivery date ol
the contract, and at, least one half of the
amount was to b- furnished from abroad.
It whs also agreed the by those supplying of this the
gold that (luring continuance
contract they would by every means
in their power to protect the government
against gold withdrawals.
On the day that contract was made its
terms were communicated to congress by
a special executive message, in which it
was stated that more than sixteen millions
of dollars would be saved to the g .vern
ment if gold bonds authorized bearing be three substituted per cent,
interest were to
for those mentioned in the contract. Tho
congress having declined to grat the ne¬
cessary authority to secure this saving,
the contract, unmodified, was Harried out,
resulting in a gold the 8 th reserve day of amounting July, 1803, to
$107,571,330 the performance on of this contract not only
restored tho reserve, but eheeckod for a
time the withdrawals of go d nml brought
on a period of restored confidence nml such
peace and quiet in on sines, circles as were
of the greatest affected possible value people, to every ! have in¬
terest that our
never bad the slightest misgiving as to
the wisdom or propriety of the arrange¬
ment and share am quite of repsonsibility Willing to for answer its for
my full pro¬
motion. I believe it averted a disaster the
imminence of gcuerrlly which was, understood fortunately, not
at the time by our
people. Though the contract mentioned stayed
for a time the tide of gold withdrawal, its
good results could not he permanent. Re¬
cent withdrawals have reduced the re¬
serve from #4'7,571,230 long on it will July remain 8 , 1803, large to
♦70,883,930, render flow its increase
enough to of conjecture uunecesary though
is only a matter
quite large withdrawals from shipment,
in the immediate future About are predicted $16,000,001) in
well informed quarters. during the month of
lias been withdrawn
November. and
The foregoing statement of events
conditions develops the fact that after in¬
creasing our interest bearing bonded in¬
debtedness more than $103 O.iO.i 01) to save
our gold reserve, we in are nearly whero #79,- we
started, having now such reserve
388,068, ns against #6',488,877 in February,
1894, when tlu first bonds were issued.
I am convinced remedy tiie for only thorough trouble*
practicable found in the retirement and our
of our United States notes,
called greenbacks, and the
treasury notes issued by the
in payment of believe silver purchases this could under lie
act of 189'. 1
reanily accomplished United by States the exchange bands
these notes for
, r ,i n tf41. daiondnat
bearing a low rate of interest.
should be, long termed bonds, thus
creasing there their desirability as could
and because payment be
postponed financial to a period burdens far removed and
ties, present when with increased prosperity
resources thdy would be more easily met.
To further insure tho cancellation
these notes, and also provide a way
which gold may be added to our
in lieu of them, a feature in the plan
should be an authority given to the sec¬
retary of the treasury gold if to dispose of the
bonds abroad for necessary to com¬
plete the contemplated redemption
cancellation, proceeds such permitting bonds him take to and use the
of to up can¬
cel any of t he notes that may be lu tho
treasury or that may ba received by the
government on any account,
While I have endeavored to make a
plain statement of the disordered condi¬
tion of our currency and the present dan¬
gers menacing which our leads prosperity, safer and financial to sug¬
gest a way to a
system, I have constantly had in mind the
fact that many of my countrymen, whose
sincerity J do not doubt, insist that the
cure for the ills now threatening us may¬
be found iu the single and simple remedy
of the free coinage of silver.
They contend that our mints shall be at
once thrown open to the free, unlimited
and independent coinage of both gold and
silver dollars of full legal tender quality,
regardless of the action of any other gov¬
ernment and in full view of the fact that
the ratio between the metals which they
suggest calls for one hundred cents worth
in the gold dollar at the pres nit standard,
and only in fifty silver cents dollar in intrinsic there worth of
silver the were in¬
finitely stronger reasons than can be ad¬
duced for hoping that, such action would
secure for us a bimetallic currency.
Moving on lines of parity, an experiment
so novel and hazardous as that proposed
might well stagger those who believe that
stability is an imperative condition of
sound money. 1 especially
In conclusion, entreat the
peoples’ charged representatives with the in responsibility the congress, of
who are
inaugurating measures tor the safety and
prosperity of our effectively common consider ‘country, the
promptly and
ills of our critical financial plight.
1 have suggested a remedy which
judgment I desire, however, a 'prove* to the
assure
that I in am perfecting prepared to co-operate other
them promising thorough any
u n* and
cal relief, and that 1 will
labor with them in interests every patriotic and
or to further the guard
welfare of <uir country-men whom lu
respective places of duty we have
taken to serve.
I-vai-hiug ■»! Italians.
Tto deplorable lynching of several
Italian laborers in Colorado vvas nat¬
urally followed by international repre
sentations. and 1 am the hhppy in to which say that
the best efforts of state the
outrages occurred have been put forth to
discover and puni-dt the authors of this
atrocious crime. The dependent families
of some of the unfortunate victims invite
by tin-ir deplorable condition gracious
(revision for their n-eds.
These manifestations against helpless
aliens may b.‘ traced through successive
stages to the vicious Padroriia system,
which, uncheeke l by our i emigration controls
and contract labour statutes,
workers fr >m the moment them of landing in distant on
shores, end farms out
and often rude regions, where I heir
cheapening competition toil brings in the them fields
of bread-winning other interests. into
collision with labor
While welcoming as we should those wha
sei k our shores to merge win themselves in
our body politic and personal com¬
petence by honest effort, vve cannot regard
such assemblages of distinctively alien
laborers, hired out in the mass to the
profit of alien speculator, the aud shipped
hither and thither otherwise as prospect than of gain
ID I V dictate, spirit of as civilization, repugnant deterrent
to the our
to individual advadeement, and hindran¬
ces to the building up of stable commit
i apon thc wholesome ambi
>ns of the citizens ’MK,’ and constituting the
pro
legislation should can
c-rtainly
THE TIMES JOB OFFICE
Is prepared to Heads, print
Letter
Packet Heads,
Bill Heads and
Statements, Etc.
Also— Envelopes,
Cards, Tickets, Programs, Wedding
Invitations, Party Invitations, or any
thiug you want in that line.
- Satisfaction guaranteed at
THE TIMES JOB OFFICE.
FALLING PRICES NO EVIL
False am) Unsound Position Taken by the
Free Silver Advocates.
In all free coinage arguments it Is
taken for granted that falling prices are
an evil, and that it is the duty of thegov- (
erunieut to take some action to increase
prices, or at least maintain them at their
present leveL It is on this ground that
the silverites object to present finan- 1
onr
cial system and demand the adoption of
a cheaper standard of value' which
would double prices as based on a dpl
lar worth only 60 cents, It is this
promise of getting higher prices that is
the chief attraction in the free coinage
agitation wish for the much farmers, possible Who natural^ in
ly to get as as re¬
turn for t heir products.
Though the delusion which underlies
the complaints against lower prices has
boon exposed over and over again, it
still does duty in all the free silver lit-’
erature with which the country is being
flooded Yet a little reflection should
show tho folly of the idea that high
prices for commodities are beneficial. ■
The welfare and prosifcrity of the peo¬
ple depend largely on tho amount of the I
products of labor which each can secure
for his own use. Since the dawn of civ¬
ilization men have been striving to pro¬
duce larger quantities and better quali-. ’
tics of food, clothing, etc. All the im
portrait inventions, the new machinery j
and discoveries in agriculture, manufao- j
turing mid transportation, have had the ;
effect of making the production of
wealth of all kinds vastly easier. In
cousequenco goals are now far cheaper,
measured by their labor cost, than ever
before the of the world. Who '
in history
is there who will say that this is a had
thiug, and that it would lie better if
goods were still scarce and dear?
It is noticeable that the protense of
higher prices is made only to the farmers,
the silverites being too shrewd to try to
fool tho workingmen with a scheme
which would double the price of every
thiug they buy. But, free coinage would
not increase in tho slightest degree the
real value of even the farmer’s products,
It would merely double tho nominal
price, but as it would also double the
prico of all labor products which the
farmer buys he would be no better off
than under the present system. The
evils which advocates of honest money
know would follow free coinage may
not be admitted by silverites, but if they
aro honest they nmst acknowledge that
an attempt to make goods more valuable
through debasing the currency would
certainly fail of its * 1
purpose.
The confounding of two entirely dif¬
ferent things, prices and values, is at
the bottom of the idea that low prioes
“are fnju'rl In so far as the money of
a country measur ces it
every kind of goods alike,' and so a gen¬
eral decline in prices hurts no one, and
as lower prices dne to cheapened pro¬
duction simply means that goods can be
obtained by less exertion very few per¬
sons will be found willing to urge that
it would be wise to go back to the old
conditions of hard labor and limited
production.
Work!nc Farmer. Versus Land Speculators.
The promise that the selling price of
land would be doubled by the adoption
of free coinage is one of the main argu¬
ments on which the silverites rely to
capture the votes of the farmers. With¬
out stopping to consider whether higher
prices would help them, some farmers
have allowed themselves to be drawn
into the free silver movement through
their desire to see a “boom” in farm
lands. But a little study will show them
that the inflation of farm valnes by
cheapening the currency would not be
of the slightest benefit to the working
farmer. *
Snpposo that tho silver standard was
adopted and tho price of farm lands
doubled. This would enable a farmer
who wished to sell his property to get
more money for it, but not more value.
If lie wished to buy another farm or to
engage in any kind of business, he would
find that the price of his farm would
buy no more than it does now. The
great majority of the American farmers
expect to retain their land and get a
living by working on it. The fact that
a farm was nominally worth more would
not make it grow more grain, cotton or
vegetables. Its increased price would
lead to higher tax assessments, but as a
means of getting a livelihood its value
would be just tho same as it is today.
The only men who would be benefit¬
ed by inflated land values dne to cheap
money would be the small class of spec¬
ulators who do not farm, but hold land
out of nse for a rise. The interests of
this class are directly opposed to those
of the real working farmers, who should
uot allow themselves to be deluded into
voting for a scheme which will make
farms harder to get by the men who are
seeking homes.
Opinion* of a Traveling NUa.
Weary Walker—They tell us prices is
goin up. That’s nothin to ns. We got
nothin to sell. Silver must be free be¬
fore we can get any. Put it in yer plat¬
form “free au unlimited, ” free for ev
er’body, nn it ketches ever’ jay on the
road. Give evor’body a barrel of money
an a bung starter.—Goldbug.
Little Tee Wee.
Jit]
77 i
f j
Sr
, i
V ci , {