Newspaper Page Text
BUREAU ENGINEER ADDRESSES
PEACH SHIPPERS
EipUuiog Best Methods Of Crate As
sembly Leading Etc.
!
On last Thursday May 21 Mr. F.
C.Iliff, an Engineer of the Freight
Coaiainer Bureau, 30 Yosey Street
Now York City, addrossod peach j
shippers at Perry, on the proper
aud most economical aud efficient
method of crate assembly and
basket closing, and the loading,
stowing, stripping, and bracing
the crates in the car. The ad-,
dresses and conferences were illu
strated by means of making actual
field tests on the crutes. He also
illustrated his talks by models.
The points brought were interest
ing aud instructive in that they
brought to the attention of the
growers and shippers points not
heretofore known or realized.
Ou the crale assembly, Mr.
Iliff, pointed out that unless the
proper number and spacing of
nails were uned, the best results
could not be obtaided, even if
crate shooks of excellent quality
-were used. In the uailiug of bottom
slats he pointed out that to be
effective six nails should be used
in the bottom at each end of crate
or a total of twelve nails. Care
must be taken to see that the nails
are not driven at the mortice and
tenon joint as they have little or
no holding power when driven at
these points aud are ineffective.
Ha pointed out that the possibility |
of driviug the nails into the joints ;
at the bottom could be eliminatedi
?by placing the two bottom slats!
close together leaving all open
spaces at the sides of the crate.
When bottoms are of the "made
up" or cleated construction, six
nails are necessary in each end, as
the weight of the fruit packed is
the same as in the case of a two
slat uncleated bottom and these
six nails are actually required to
prevent the bottom from coming
loose in the packing house during
packing, handling and loading,
and iu transit and at destination
during uuloadiug.
In nailing thu sides to the end
frames, four nails at each end of
each side (sight nails per side)
are necessary to prevent the side
from loosening aud falling off aud
also to braco the crate against
collapse or crushing. The latter
type of failure is very common,
especially when the load is not
tightly stowed, By driving one
nail in each outside slat, two
inches away fro n the mortice joint
and two nails iu the middle slat
about one aud one quarter inch
apart, a bracing effect to the crate
is brought about that will tend to
minimize the failure of collapsing.
When ouly one nail is used iu the1
middle slat, this nail acts asa
pivot around which the crate side
can rotate and this method of nail-'
ing aggravates rather than pre-!
vein ihe tendency to collapse or
crush. Ho illustrated this very im
pressively by putting the crate on
one bottom edge of the end frame
and pressed on the diagonally op
posite to edge.
When only three nails were used in
the side in each end frame the crate
was easily crushed, but when four were
used he could not crush the crate even
when his entire weight of 170 pounds
was put upon it. Try this test yourself
nnd prove to your own satisfaction that
his points and arguments in favor of
the four nnils in each end of sides are
necessary.
In nailing the top four nails are
necessary in each end (eight in all). In
this case too, nails should be kept away
from the mortice and tenon joint.
Summary of Assembling (.'rate*
(1) Keep sides and bottom pieces
flush with the end frames to permit
tight and even stowing.
(2) Use (,4) penny cement coated
nails.
(3) 12 nails to bottom - 6 each end ?
slats close together.
(4) 16 nails to sides?8 each side-4
each end. j
(6) b nails to tops?4 each end.
(6) Keep all nails two inches away
from corner points. A nail driven into
the mortise joint is wasted.
See Freight Container Bureau Cir
cular No. 19, page fonr, for nailing of
r rates.
In placing the lid upon the bushel4
basket, the speaker pointed out that it
should be fastened between the handles'
with a hook or some other m re
efficient fastener of whick there are a
number. He stated that hooks are,
Stnerally not of much value in that
ev do not engage both the cover slat?
*rd boop?. j
In packing crates or bushel bankets,
Mr. Ililf stated that a bulge of one inch
produced the best results and that the
peaches would not shrink or settle mor*
than this amount during transportation
and the pack would be full when it
reached the market*. When a bulge
higher than this is packed, stresses are
produced in the container for which the
container was not designed, which
causes it to fail, and which bruises the
peaches in attaching the cover.
The above practices of packing and
closing the containers will produce good
results and minimize brusing the con
tents, which in the case of peaches is
easily done through improper methods.
CAR LOADING
In car loading there are two types of
loades. first, the solid load in which the
crates are loaded throughout the entire
length of car entirely through the
doorways. Second, the divided loud
where the car is loaded up to the door
way and braced by a renter gate brace.
In the solid load it is lfecessary to
determine the length of the car and
subtract the length of the load in order
to determine the excess or slack space
to be taken up. The beat method of de
termining the length of the car is to
measure it with a fifty foot steel tape
bought for this purpose. This is ac
curate and produces uniform satisfac
tory results. Tlie uext best method is to
lay a row of crates snugged closely to
gether along one side ol the car. This
will show or indicate the amount of
space to be taken up.
When the car is measured, it is best
to figure the length of load based, not'
on 24 inchea, but about '24 3-8 inches
for each stack of crates. This will pro- ,
vide in sixteen stacks an allowance of 6 j
inches, which is necessary because the j
cratesivary in length due to inac-j
curacies iu assembly and in order to
avoid being shy an inch or fraction of
an inch when the last stack is put in
place. Then if all the allowance is not
required when the doorway is reached
it can be taken up by spacing strips
placed across the car at the center of
each layer of crates. It is not good
practice to place thise strips up and
down, or vertically as they are more
likely to fall off.
After the amount of ?lack to betaken
up is determined, ihe next step is to
determine how to tuke it up. There ar?
several methods dt penuing upon the
amount of black, li over eight inch?**
and leak thun eighteen inch??, take it
ur by one or two end Luikheads, one in
each end of car placed next to ice
bunkers. If more than eighteen inches
take it up by means of .1 center gate
placed in the door ways. If less than
eight inche* take it up by an end bulk
head, spacing strips (car strips; or a
spacing frame made of car strips, (to
take up three inches when made of one
inch strips) See Freight Container
Bereau Circular No. 11;, pages 13 and 15
for drawings of these methods. All the
above methods are equally effective
when properly executed. In general it
is easier and quicker to use a center
gate and it is as economical if not more
so, than the other methods, especially
when the time taken to figure and take
up space by car strips is consumed, as
well as the time the truckb are kept
waiting and that the crates of peaches
are being kept in the sun and maturing
rapidly
ln stowing the crates in the car, care
should be exercised to see that they are
evenspuced and tightly stowed, other
wise the load will be uneven and-hard to
n.ake, us well as being slack transit.
Car strips should be of equal thick
ness if a level ana even load is to be
obtained. They should be thick enough
to prevent the crates from riding on
the bulge. If a bulge of one inch is used
use car strips one inch thick. If bulge
One and one-half inches is used, use
strips one and one-hall inches in thick
ness and so on, depending on height of
bulge.
For further information on the above
subjects or for copies of Circular 19,
address Mr. F. C. lliff, Room 205 Cen
tral Terminal Station, Macon, Ga.
All That Was Lett
In memory of our father: Gone to
Join his appendix, his tonsils, his ol
factory nerve, his kidney, his ear
drum, ;ind a leg prematurely removed
I;y n hospital surgeon who craved the
experience.?Life.
"Man's work is from sun to sun
But woman's work is never done."
For every man who rolls out of bed in the grey
hours of dawn there is a woman who has preceded
him and has his cakes and coffee steaming upon
the breakfast table.
Isn't it therefore important that the busy house
wife should have every convenience that helps to
reduce the drugery of her work?
Boss Oil-Air Stores are making light work of
what has formerly been a woman's heaviest task?
the cooking of three meals each day during the
warm months. Boss Stoves have banished the tedi
ous hours spent in over-heated kitchens. They bake
and cook quickly and cleanl>; and they* use only a
minimum of oil because the burners are construct
ed so as to mix a great volume of air with the fuel.
That's why we call it the Boss Oil-Air Stove.
For convenience, the Boss Oil-Air Stove can
not be equaled. The casters or rollers enable you
to readily move the stove to any part of the kitchen.
The shelves are wide, the burners are large and
easily regulated. No complicated parts to give
trouble. No unnecessary fittings.
If you want to see the Boss Oil-Air Stove?the
kind that is giving many thousands of women com
plete satisfaction and set vice, call upon us. We
nave 2, 3, 4, and 5 burners.
Yours for a cool kit?h?n,
T. D. MASON,
PERRY, GA.
You
Need
US
We
Need
YOU
Houston Banking Co.,
"Bank of Service"
PERRY ?. GEORGIA.
Friendly Hotel
Invites you to
oltlanta
RATES:
One Person
$2.50, $3.00
S3. SO, $4.00
$5.00
Two Persons
$4.50, $5.00
$6.00, $7.00
The best place in
Atlanta to eat.
5 dining rooms
and al fresco ter
race.
Circulating Ice
water and ceil
ing fans in every
room.
Atlanta's newest
and finest botel.
Magnificent ap
pointments.
Special' arrange
ments for hand
ling automobile
parties. Garage.
The HENRY GRADY Hotel
550 Rooms?550 Baths
Comer Peachtree and Cain Streets
-\
JAMES F. deJARNETTE, V.-P. & Mgr. THOS. J. KELLEY, Asso. Mgr.
The Following Hotels Are Also Cannon Operated:
GEORGIAN HOTEL JOHN C. CALHOUN HOTEL
Athens, Ga. Anderson, 3. C.
W. H. CANNON. Manager D. T. CANNON, Manager
The Rain Is Coming
And When It Does
'"Business Will Pick Up"
On the Farm
YOU WILL NEED
Grain Cradles, Mowing Machines
Binder Twine, Hay Forks.
YOU WILL NEED
Hoes and Handles, Scrapes and
Scootes, Plowstocks, Plow Beams,
and Handles, Plow Lines and Col
lars and Traces, Backhands,Bolts,
Heel Pins, devices, Etc.
YOU WILL NEED
Peas, Peanuts, Cattail Millet, Sou
dan Grass, Sorghum Seed, Velvet
Beans, O-Too-Tan and Wilson Soy
Beans?-The best for Hay.
We have all these and many other things that you
will need on the farm. We want to especially call
your attention to some new varieties of Soy Beans
that are especially recommended for Hay.
WILSON BLACK and O-TOO-TAN
For the last several years we have almost made a
failure on Peas and we have taken on the above
Beans because we want the farmers of our section
to get something that will make Hay and at the
same time build up their land.
We have a complete stock ot Horse, Cow Hog and
Chicken Feed.
COME TO SEE US.
GEO. C. NUNN,
THE HUSTLER
Phone 31 Perry, G*. Opposite Depot