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S Proposal-twrewcy ie " & For the Exclusion ; oooOf theooo . Degenerate Immigran generate Immigrant A T SIS S I SO By Adolph Oppenheimer. :0..m. ISCUSSION of the question of res%rlctlng immigration is idle hecause immigration has been so large a factor in our won derful erowth and development. Restriction would be most decidedly against the policy and welfare of our country. There i 8 room here for many millions of additional immi oo Frants, and with even an undiminished ratio of growth it may be centuries before it would be wise to put up the bars. §M§ Nevertheless, without the slightest .reflection upon the immigrants from any particular country, it may be said that many crimes of personal violence are traceable to residents of foreign birtn. Why, not, then, amend our immigration laws with the aim of checking and ae creasing this condition? Our present laws debar those who have too little money or health. The moral character, pergonal history and antecedents of the individual immigrant can certainly not be investigated after he has once reached our shores, but how about some system of inquiry before he sails? ) Could not the United States frame laws requiring all desiring to immi grate to our country so produce written or other satisfactory evidence from reliable sourceg in their native country that they possess good moral charac ter and have respectable antecedents? \ Such a law would tend to exclude the good for nothing, the vagabond and the criminal, all of whom under existing laws seem to qualify for admission withaeut difficulty, Clearly, no foreign country eould successfully question our right to exclude undesirable persons, The fact that we appear to have quite a number of them, snggests the thought that they are dumped upon our shores with the exclamation: “Good riddance to bad rubbish.” 32 a a ¥ ¥ o ———————————————i——————— . . a 4 a & Have Women Too Much $ Church Influence? ; k- T R, O S N By the Rev. Dr. Fletcher L. Wharton, Pastor of Q’w Smithfield M. E. Church, Pittsburg. bbbl AM tired of a female Christianity. Women have done their ’ part nobly in the church according to their lights. Their I ) ideal is to alleviate suffering and to kill vice and intemper ance, and into this they have thrown all their zeal. In do ing it they have given the church a one-sided ideal, and it is ufl*m the duty of men to bring it back to its normal balance, The *J:‘;zn ideal of men is justice and order, but they have not chosen g the church as their agent to work it out. If the men of the church were to unite in creating a public cpinicn against any kind of injustice they would place a most powerful weapon in the hands of their elected officers, and many of the age-old iniquities would be “speedily wiped out. There are double dealers, robbers of the public, -and the worst kind of knaves walking the streets and being received into polite society, who are enabled to do-it simply because there does not cowe from the church a sufficiently strong body of sentiment that would make tham shrink from its frown. This comes of the indifference of the men in the .churcn. Women take hold and thrust their ideals upon the preachers, They work for charity and against intemperance and the social evil, and do their part well. But the men, who should use the church to establish a high ideul and to create a body of geggmeng against all kinds of dnjustice and public knaveryy are «standing. “apart. They despise the drunkard because a body of shame has been placed upon him by a feminized church, but they give the hand of fellowship to the man who is a thousand times worse than the drunkard-—the corruptionist and the business fraud, ‘ e aa ] & « . why @ree Nagßpmag iy ey ¥¢y ' s Fi ers Must Go to Financiers Must Go to the Farmers for Money T LRGSR A, 4 - By James Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture. ? 0 i enes e g 3 1 AST year the farm products of this country were worth $6,500,000,000, This year they will be worth from $500,000,- l 000 to $1,000,000,000 more, It is not possible to give the exact sum, but that the value of the crops will be greater ===l this year I have no doubt. What other element of our popula tion produces as muach as this? I have often told capitalists that if they would make =2 | their railroad and other securities as safe as government bonds they would have no trouble in borrowing money. The recent exposures of the methods of juggling with railroad securities and all that sort of thing have made people doubtful about where to lend their money. The man who takes proper steps will not have difficulty in raising money. The country bank is close to the farmer. His money is deposited there, and he receives Interest on it in ironclad securities. The bank holds the paper, but it is virtually in the hands of the farmer himself. With the increase in the demand for Western and Southern money the details will be perfected and the transactions will be made more and more directly with the farmer. This producer of the real wealth of the country is coming to be more of a financier than it was ever thought he would, and the end is not yet, ® 0 a PRI T O RSN s - ? Jtate OQwnership AR BAIIR S 8 W iI4O o~ By Ray Morris. #BB TOW far the present tendency towards socialistic corporation ey cONtrol will go in this country, no man can tell. lam in clined to believe that the present flurry of legislative regu: lation and restriction, while a matter of first-class annoyance to the railroads, does not, after all, extend very far beneath the surface. A few years of carefully applied corporate good e d manners, extending from the president right through the soveeeoeey Station agent, will do much to smooth over the gources of popular clamor. Moreover, the most radical-appearing steps are not necessarily permanent; London has just withdrawn sharply from her own municipal“socialism™ after g thorough experiment, andthe Chiéago voters set .themselves against the local municipal street railway ownership before the Mueller purchase certificates were declared unconstitutional. The Granger legislation of the seventies was worse than the Jegislation of 1906 and 1907, but it had a very brief career of harmfulness, and even when we al- Jow for the worst of all the effects of this indiseriminate state legislation— the discouragement it offers capital for new development—we must surely be lleve that those who see permanent trouble in store for the railroads are look ing at the path too close to their feet, forgetful of the immense promise of the future—~From the Monthly, e s ¥ F i "j’i';-,"s: ‘1 . TR Y By Frank L. Stanton. In the storm and the strife, Whgn lightnings of life = Had blasted my deepest endeavor, She crept to my side when the last hope had died, Y And whispered: “I love you for ever!” And the bitter unrest of a gief stricken breast e Saw a star through the black shg.d— ows living, b #. Knew a joy from above in phe strength of that love 5 That is wounded, and yet is ‘ giving! - % : And Sorrow now seems but a phan tom of dreams, ; % And Peace shall depart from ‘me never; o O'er Life’s Valles of Sighs, see! e light in the skies!— For she whispers: “I love you for ever!” { —From Uncle Remus’s Magazlg. MR AR MBI T | A Load On The f g ¢ Safety Valve. ‘ B VLB AL BGPTSR BN ) From his dinner-pail bubbling in side the fire-door, Ziba Weston, en - gineer of the felt-mill, poured a cup of Rio, black and steaming. He % ped it refleetively, rubbing his ba forehead with a smutty forefinger, as he gazed into the shimmer over ghe coals. “Not one man in a hundred,” Sag he, “knows the tremendous pow bottled up in an ordinary boiler. In one way it’'s mecre dangerous than powder; for ‘that needs something io set it off, while steam stands always ready to take advantage of any weak ness, i “Int the early fall of 1883 I was en gineer at a corn-cannery in a small central Maine town. My fireman was Joe Soceabasin, a half-Indian, who had come to the place to pitch on the local nine, and had been stranded there when the team went to pieces. Joe was green at firing, but streng and quick; he soon learned to handle a coal ghovel as well as he did ai baseball bat. “The fireroom was in one end of the factory, and the boiler-shed ran out behind it at right angles. The’ stairs to the second story were out-| side. To reach the top the workers had to pass right over the fire-room. “I can see those rusty boilers now, two twenty-foot lecomotive shells, dld ‘nineteen hundreds, with safefy valyes topping Ssteam-letnes. PR teen years on the railroad and five in the factory had left them in nad shape. “The most popular man ahout the shop was a red-faced sealer weighing over two hundred pounds. His name was Duchesney, but ovaryhidy called him ‘Uncle Duke.” Tl've never seen a smarter man with a soldering-iron; and all the time he was working, his tongue went as fast as his hands. It was a dull ten minutes that he didn't raise a laugh at somebody else’s ex pense. Uncle Duke soon discoverad that Joe knew more about in-shootgl than he did about boilers; also that he had a great dread of explosions. Here was a good chance for a practi cal joke. One morning he sealed up an empty tin, and threw it into thel fire box when the Indian wasn’t look- | ing. Soon the hot air in the can blew l‘ out one end. Joe was badly frighten ed. He dropped his shovel and ran out, shouting: | “‘The boiler's burst! The boiler's burst!’ ; ‘ “It took me some time to get him | near the fire again. Uncle Duke did not let him forget it. Now and then, as he passed the door, he'd stick his head in and chuckle: “‘Boiler hasn't bust this morning, hasg it? “Joe’s black eyes would snap, pbut he'd keep on shoveling coal. “The second Monday in September 1 sprained my ankle, and had to turn the plant over to my fireman for two or three days. I worried some as I lay in my boarding-house, but mat ters seemed to go on all right. “Thursday mcrning my ankle was better, so I hobbled down to the shop to see how Joe was getting along. Under the husking-sheds a lively crowd, men, women and children. were stripping the big piles of ears stacked up by the farmers’ wagons. In side the building both floors were running at full blast. It was the busi est day of the season; there wera more than a hundred people about. the plant. “Joe was hustling back and forth between the boilers and the engine, as if he was running bases. I peep ed at ‘the gages; the needles were teetering between ninety and ninety five. The old boilers were pretty near their limit, for I had the safety-valves set to blow off at a hundred. We had to run well up to that to get power enough for the factory. “I stepped into the engineroom. In the bend of the pipe from the boiler was a ‘bleeder’ to carry off the condensation. Out of this wavered the blue, dry steam, hissing shrilly. “On I passed into the factory, whers six big square steam ‘cookers’ were sizzling. Every minute I expected to hear the boiler blow off with a roar: for with that fire the pressure must soon reach a hundred. But I listened lin vain. At last I went up ‘to the | second story, where fifteen or twenty | mep and boys were soldering cans | Uncle Duke’s bench was near a win -1 dow at the farther end. | “The room was full of fun. Uncle !Duke had appeared that morning in 'a new pair of trousers striped black and white. Everybody was joking ' him, and he was giving back a little i better than he got. l “I looked down from a rear window lon the flat gravel roof of the boiler 'shed. In the middle was a sag more lthan a foot deep. A rafter had evi | dently given way. Suddenly I felt {weak and shaky; that hollow must ‘be pretty nearly over the safety valves! What if the roof was holding them down so that the boilers could now blow off! . “It wouldn’'t do to start a panic among the workers. My first duty {waa to see that the steam didn't get above a hundred. “No man with so bad a sprain ever made quicker time down a flight of | stairs. I danced into the boiler-room; | the gage-needles stood at one hun-l dred and five! “Leaning a short ladder against {one boiler, I climbed the rounds, un ' til I could see over its top. A rafter hay directly across the safety-valves; ithey wouldn’t have blown off at a thousand pounds! ' “Perhaps my knees didn’t wabble as I backed down that ladder, yelling | for Joe! In he ran from the engine- I room. | » “ “Haul your fires, quick!’ I shouted, ! lpointing to the gages. He gave one| |lcok, and his copper face turned a | | mottled gray. He jumped for the | lever which turns the grate over and i pulled it toward him. The two-foot lbed of hot coalg clattered into the ash-pan. “I hurried out through the engine room. Everybody must get away from the factory at once. I shouted at the top of my lungs: ““The boiler may burst any min ute! Out of this for your lives! ‘ “You can believe there was a stam pede. The workers dropped every }tbing, and scuttled from the shop and lsheds, some so badly frightened that they screamed, others so much worse ’frlghtened that they couldn’t. ~ “I limped back into the boiler-room. Boys and men in the second story were rushing helter-skelter for the stairs. Crack! went a floor board. For a minute I thought the whole crowd was coming through on our heads. Then I'heard them shuffliing down the steps outside. “Just as I thought that all were out 1 heard heavy feet running above. Un cle Duke had at first thought of jump ing from&2 window, but had changed his mind on ‘seeing the way to the stairs clear at last. He came on the jump, landed on the cracked board, and smashed through. The floor _'g.uxht him under the armpits, and there he hung, kicking and yelling: - “‘O bbys, get me out! Take me down before the boiler busts!’ "“If it hadn’t been for him, Joe and I would have run that minute, for we held our lives in our hands. But we couldn’t leave him hanging there helpless, so we began to rake out the fires on the bricks. I had forgotten all about my sprained ankle. “The ceiling was ten feet high, and Uncle Duke dangled right over the hearth, hig heels on a level with our heads. We worked like beavers, dodg ing his kicking legs, and paying no ,attention to his yells for help. It ‘would have taken several minutes to ‘extricate him, and by that time prob ably either the boilers would have iburst\ or the danger would be over. . “The needleg climbed—one hundred ‘and six—seven—eight—would they never stop! A boiler, like a chain, is no stronger than its weakest spot, and at any second some rusted plate might give way. All this time Uncle Duke was yelling the bluest kind of murder, and kicking his striped legs back and forth. “We hoed out the ash-pans until the hearth was piled with glowing coals. The heat and gas came up round Un ¢le Duke, frightening him half out of his wits. He began to kick and yell worse than ever: “‘Help! Murder! Help! I'm roast ing to death!’ *“‘Keep quiet, Unale Duke, keep quiet!” I shouted. ‘We’ll get you down in a little while. . “But that didn’t comfort him. The embers were too hot. ‘No, no!’ he screamed. ‘Don’t wait! I'm afire al ready. I'll be burned to a crisp In five minutes!’ “It was no use trying to console him; so I gave it up. By this time we had the ash-pans'clear. We grab bed shovels, and began to caryy the coals out into the yard. I looked at one of ‘the gages; it had droppei to a hundred and seven! The Dboilers were beginning to cool off. But the danger was by no means over. _“As Joe backed away from the hearth with a heaping shovel, one of Uncle Duke's shoes caught him un der the ear just hard enough to stir ‘his temper and spill the coals over the wood floor. We had a lively Jdme getting them off the dry boards. - “Joe’s head was twinging from the kick, and the Indian in hir; flared up. He slapped Uncle Duke two or three times with the flat of his shovel. . “‘P’raps you like to put ‘nother tin in the fire-box now,’ said he. Then he dropped his shovel and started for the, door. | “Joe! Joe!' I cried; but he would not stop. . “l 1 began to work harder than ever, Only a small heap of embers was left, when suddenly the flames burst ‘out through a crack in the flour. One of the red-hot coals had started a fire under the building. : “The old shop was dry as tinder. I could never put that fire out alone ’Uncle Duke would surely be burned to death, for he was wedged so tight ily that the factory would be blazing ' before I could cut him clear with my pocket knife. What should I do? 1 lfelt angry and bitter against Joe for deserting me just when I needed him most. ' “A figure darkened the door. Joe 'haxl come back. In his hand was a ~chisel. He had not intended to aban !don Uncle Duke, but had simply gone ’after something to cut away the floor to get him down. He was a ‘white’ Indian. ’ “Together we fought out the fire. ‘Soon the coals were all in the yard, ‘and the gizes began to drop rapidly. ‘We went up-stairs, cut through the ‘boards, and freed Uncle Duke. Then ‘the three of us made tracks for the road. “It was half an hour before I came back. By that time the gages stood below fifty, and all danger was over.” —From Youth’s Companion. State History Traced in Giant Oak. One of the stately old post caks on the campus of the University of Georgia has beenr cut down. It is commented on that these post oaks are probably the largest of the kind in the State. Chancellor Barrow and Prof. Ak erman, of the departmeni of forestry in the university, counted the rings from the bark to the centre of the tree in order to find the age of the tree. Two hundred and ten years in rings were counted, and still a certain distance remained to the cen tre that could not be counted. It is believed that the tree was a least 250 years old. At the ring on the tree ~orrespond ing to a little more than 100 yvears ago it was found that a space bhetween the rings existed that was fully three times as wide as the others. The reason for this was at once apparent. It corresponded toc the time whea the University of Georgia was establish ed and the forest cleared out in the neighborhood of the old tree. This caused an abnormal growth that year, and consequently the ring was much larger than the others. The year in which Oglethorpe iand ed could be pointed out on the tree. At that time the old cak was a large tree, although that was more than 170 years ago.—Athens correspond ence Atlanta Constitution. Putting Men to Death, : A correspondent is desirous to know which is the most common, form employed in the carrying out of the death sentence. The probability is that most people, if asked, would at once say the gallows, yet this is far from being the case. 4 ' The uwhte.mode'apmw,m be the guillotine, which is employed pub licly in France, Belgium, Denmark, Hanover and two cantons of Switzer land; and privately in Bavaria, Sax ony and also in two cantons of Switz erland. The cheery gallows come-next in the running, and is favored publicly in Austria, Portugal and Russia, and privately in Great Britain and the United States of America. Death by the sword obtains in fif teen cantons in Switzerland, in China and Russia publicly, and in Prussia privately. Ecuador, Oldenburg and Russia have adopted the musket, ali publicly, while in China they have strangulation by cord, and in Spain the garrote, both public; and in Brunswick death by the ax and by the electric chair in New York. In Italy there is no capital punish. ment.—London Chronicle. Bank of England Jockey. Hardly any living or dead jockey has enjoved so many nicknames as John Osberne, still hale and hearty, whose stanch rectitude during a forty<fix year career on the race track won for him one mame—“The Bank of England Jockey.” ~ Although getting on toward eighty, he continues to ride to hounds and to take an active part in trials on Middleham Moor, while never a north ern meeting passes without his per sonal attention. John Osborne’s di minutives also include “The Pusher” and “Mr. John.” He got his “Push er” name for his curious manner of race riding—the push and screw style. Fred Archer, who was always called “The Timman”—the reasen is obvicus, for he won so much money for his retainers and followers—once called Osborne “The Old Push and Serew Merchant.” - Bven “The Demon” another of Ar cher’s pet names, once paid the pen alty to Osborne in a race of this sort, for the Yorkshireman rushed him right on the post.—Baily’s Maga zine. Taking Things Easy. The stranger paused as he came upon two tramps of the weary order basking in the sunshine and waiting patiently for something to turn up, “We are hungry, mister,” yawned Tired Tim, : ~ “Then why don’t you go and beg at ‘the nearest farmhouse?” asked the | stranger. ~ “We're so very tired, mister, that )nelmer of us will volunteer, so we are goin' to shake dice to see who must perform the painful duty.” “Well, what's in the delay?” “Well, boss, we are waiting for an earthquake to come along and shake the dice box."—Tit-Bits ™~ A Paris insurance company refuses risks on men who dyve their hair. - eSS T \ (I (=) W 7 & Stimulated by the measure of suc cess attained by Zeppelin in Germany, and the army and private experiment ers in England and France with di rigible balloons, a German electric firm in Berlin announces its readiness to construct airships for military uses for any nation that applies. Barring the Arctic and tropical, both Europe and the United States (which ‘are #®out the same in area) can show all climates. It is true that the climate ‘of France is finer, in certain respects, than that of some parts of ‘ze United States, but it is no finer than that of Virginia and the Carolinas. Upon the whole the climate of the United States is equal to, if not superior to, that of Europe. Ventilation through iron columns is an interesting feature of a mill at Pres ton, England. Air is drawn in at ground level, forced by fans through a water spray, heated by coils in the usual way, and then distributed from sub-ducts below the basement level to the different rooms, the iron columns having registers near their tops. Flues in the walls provide for the escape of air from these rooms. For an oxperiment, once in the Eng lish town of Manchester a skilled spin ner spun a pound of Sea Island cot ton into a singzle thread one thousand miles long. Then for another experi ment he took another pound of cotton and spun it into as many hanks as he could get. He got ten thousand hanks in all, and the yarn in each measured 840 yards. Thus, out of a pound of cotton 4770 miles of yarn was pro duced. This yarn, though, was too fine to be of any practical utility. Mars possesses about one-half the earth’s diameter and one-seventh fts volume. It is some 140,000,000 miles from the sun, and consequently at a mean distance of nearly fifty million miles from wus. It receives less than one-half the sunlight and heat the square foot than we do; has an at mosphere less dense than ours, and possesses water and ice. The planet exhibits two ice eaps at its poles the orange dnd greenish tints between these poles. Those peculiar lines of markings—the “canals” concerning which there has arisen much discus sion, form a sort of faint, inexplicable network over the surface of ruddy Mars. ‘ ——e Color agriculture is the latest. Ca mille Fiammarion put seedlings of the sensitive plant into four different houses—an ordinary conservatory, a blue house, an orvdinary greenhouse and a red house. After a few months wait ing he found the little plants in the blue house practically just as he had put them in. They seemingly have fallen asleep and remained unchanged. In the green glass house they had grown more than in the ordinary glass house, but they were weedy and poor. In the red house the seedlings bhad be come positive giants, well nourished and well developed, fifteen times as big as tks normal plant. In the red light the piants had become hyper-sen sitive. It was found that the blue light retards the processes of decay as well as those of growth. HEREDITY. : In Its Connection with Plant Life. The general principles of heredity formulated by Mendel give much promise in the way of crop improve ment through more systematic meth ods of breeding. It is believed by many biologists that Mendel’s law of fers in part a solution to somec of the perplexing problems in plant and ani mal improvement. It is too early, however, to predict what benefits can reasonably be expected from its ap plication. This law attempts to re duce to a mathematical basis the characteristics of the progeny of plants and animals; a certain percent age having the individual characteris tics of each parent and a certain per centage the blended characteristics of both parents. It is not too much to expect that the proposed law with modifications will do muech to place the science of plant breeding upon a rational basis. In the case of corn careful selection of seed has resulted in the production of plants which have a tendency to produce an additional ear, thereby in creasing the yield 10 to 25 percent. Alos ears of larger size and more uni form character are sccured by breed ing and selecting the seed corn. One cos the best examples of the improve ment of a crop by selection and breed ing is the sugar beet, which has been developed from the common stock of garden beets that contain only a small amount of saccharine material, and are unsuitable for the manufae ture of sugar until high grade beets containing 16 to 18 percent of sugar are secured.—Harper’s Monthly, A Marvel of Surgery. A marvel of surgery was shown to the French Academy of Medicne by Dr. Delair recently. A patient had lost his chin, part of his lower jaw, his lip, a portion of his tongue, and his nose, owing to the position of a gun which he was firing. An apparatus in four pieces has been made for him, which makes all trace of his loss prac tically invisible. The chin and lower lip, with a false board on them, are made of soft Indian rubber, the neces sary teeth, nose and jaw have been suppiied, and the patient can himself remove and replace the apparatus, which weighs only a trifle more than an ounce.—iew York Tribune,