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i El ion the o eclrocution th ! o m tlin . Only Humane Killing A S 49— P A oo o By Dr. E. A Spitzka, the Eminent &M Brain Specialist. Nyl 2p Yy “9900000 R. SPITZKA, the eminent brain specialist, read before the opening session of the American Philosophical Society, at Philadelphia, last week a paper which was virtually an out and-out declaration for electrocution as the only humane method of inflicting death, and he urged its adoption in all States and countries. His paper, from which the brief ex stracts presented below were taken, was based upon the 0009 results of thirty-one electrocutions, which he witnessed in the Sing Sing, Auburn, Dannemora, and Trenton prisons, the method being employed in New York, New Jersey, Ohjo, Massachusetts and Virginia. The history of electrocution covers a period of only twenty years, It was first introduced in New York in 1888. In its operation, the electric current is turned on and reduced and increased alternately. From seven to ten am peres pass through a body. The time consumed in strapping is about forty five seconds, and in sixty to seventy seconds the victim is shocked to death. Consciousness is blotted out instantly. In only two cases of those I have observed was there respiratory effort after the current was turned on. A post mortem examination of the body reveals mueh interesting phe nomena. There is a rising of the temperature, in one case as high as 12914 degrees F. The lungs are devoid of blood and weigh six or seven ounces av oirdupois. The blood seems to be under a chemical change and is of a dark brownish hue, almost black, and it rarely coagulates, On the fervous cells there is no apparent effect, although there is a molecular change, I have witnessed a number of hangings at Moyamensing Prison, and would recommend a reading of Oscar Wilde's poem “Ballad of Reading Jail,” to illustrate the unpleasantness of the dancing feet in the air, The preparations in hanging are about as quick as in electrocution, but the heart beats for some time after the drop, usually thirteen minutes. And there is a spasmodic movement of the body after the shock of the drop, due to a partly conscious effort to stop the choking, lasting for about one and a half minutes. In only one case was there no movement of the body after the drop, and that was a Chinaman, who, it is believed, died of apoplexy. Of five bodies which I examined at the Jefferson Hospital, in every case death was due to strangulation, & & & & FlommAmrtpn o eanamh o T 3 $Th - ’ . é e Meaning of a Smile T S A ek S A - &M‘fl By Winifred EBlack. N old man died in Michigan the other day and left $25,000 to & young woman who was no kin to him. In the old man’s will he said: “I leave this money to this woman for, the sake of her bright smile. She comforted the last months of my dear wife’s life, and I never saw her when she was not ready to smile.” Twenty-five thousand dollars for a smile. » Well, it was cheap at the price. It was a smile that came from the heart. If it hadn’t been it would never have made the impression that It did. A smirk is not a smile, neither is a grin. You ean smirk with malice and you can grin when you feel like slamming the door, but you can’t smile to save your life, unless there is kindliness and love in your heart. The young woman who took her youth and her vitality and her cheerful smile, and gave it to a sick old woman, did it because she was good and she couldn’t help smiling. ' I am glad she s going to get that money. 4 i It isn't what we do that counts so much, after all: it’s what _we are, I've been given a present with such a mean spirit showing in the eyes of the giver that I felt iike throwing the gift into the fire, And I have been refused a favor by some one who looked at me with 80 much Kindness that my heart was light in spite of the refusal. Hypocrisy doesn’t pay—it never deceives any one long. I never knew a man who lived for himself alone who could deceive peo ple into liking him for longer than six months. I never knew a woman who was at heart mean and envious who could make even a little child like her when she smiled. Beware of the man who's smile is a mere twist of the mouth, Look out for the woman who looks as if she had been eating something sour when she tries to smile, Give me the woman who smiles because she can’t help it and the man who laughs and doesn't know it. They're the sort of people to live with. ‘ A & & & & M Apr—iSe § The Criticism s riticism That Help * AR S TAO 24 S A % By Ellen Terry. % 00000000~ \WAS once asked, “Are you affected by adverse criticism?” I answered then, and I answer now, that legitimate adverse ' criticism has always been of use to me, if only because it “gave me to think"—furiously. Seldom does the outsider, i however talented as a writer and observer, recognize the @9ot es ACtor's art, and often we are told that we are acting best i when we are showing the works most plainly, and denied ;““.... any special virtue when we are concealing our method. Professional criticism is helpful chiefly because it induces one to criticize one's self. “Did 1 give that impression to any one? Then there must have been something wrong somewhere.” The “something” is often a perfectly different blemish from that to which the critic drew atten tion. Unprofessional criticism is often more helpful. still, but alas! one's friends are to one's faults more than a little blind and to one's virtues very kind. It is through letters from people quite unknown to me that I have sometimes learned valuable lessons. During the run of “Romeo and Juliet” some one wrote and told me that if the dialogue at the ball could be taken in a lighter and quicker way, it would better express the manner of a girl ot Juliet's age. The same unknown critic pointed out that I was too slow and studied in the balcony scene. She-——l think it was a woman—was porfectly right.—McClure's Magazine, & & & & Reywweipvs oWy Intuiti oot o ; niuttion the Root of Trouble ¢ T, W S———: S é Ey George Harvey. é HE dominance in the feminine mind of intuition over reason ‘ " W produces paradoxes in morals, ad is largely responsible for the trials and tribulations now being experienced in this curiously and somewhat causelessly unhappy land. Envy, it is true, lles at the root of our trouble; but, oddly enough, envy not of the rich who hold, but of the rich who give. Men continue to amass great fortunes and keep them to ; themseves or bequeath them to their own, and die uncen sured by their fellows, to pass to their just rewards or punishments elsewhere; it is upon those who are suspected of purloining from the people in order that they may distribute more liberal alms, that the wrath of the populace is now visited. Undoubtedly instinctive resentment of the double gratification thus obtained—of first acquiring and then bestow ing—constitutes the chief cause of this quite general disapproval; but it is clearly the fault, as we have indicated, of intuition inherited from woman rather than of the reasoning faculty granted by the Maker for some purpose . known only to Himseif, %0 man.—The North Amerioan Review, - The New Navy Nurse. By PRISCTLLA LEONARD. It is out of the question for 2 bat tleship to carry trained ni ges such as are found th the orflug '»!'ohdro hospitals. There is no place for them on shipboard, and in a na battle they would be most unsuitablg. The naval! hospital, therefoge, pre fers to train a masculine bllgncket nurse for this service, and by a some what different course of aining, specialized for naval needs, ¥ The recruit who is chosen to learn nursing is not expected to know as much about medicine as a hospital nurse aghore; but, on the other hand, he learns much that the nurse of the hospital wards does fiot know. The bluejacket nurse is not'a blue jacket, really—that is, he wears a spotless white costume instead. He carries a tiny knapsack, in which is packed a complete kit of bandages, surgical instruments, splints, and so on. He has drills in bandaging, and everything in his knapsack is inspect ed, to see that it is absolutely clean and in order. W Such a drill is a yery infiéesting sight. The row of young eailors, dressed in shining white, the quick answers to the drill master, the ban dage drill, in whiech each man in turn adjusts and explains, on his comrade as patient, the way to bind up _3 brok en limb, a sprained ankle, a dislo cated shoulder, and so forth, and to adjust and use a tourniquet— all this makes the looker-on admire airesh the thoroughness and skill with which the navy prepares for its serious work. s Half the bandaging is done, by the way, with handkerchiefs, so that in case bandages should give out in a landing party, for instance, the sail or’'s own handkerchief will be just as good. All naval nursing is aimed at meeting naval conditions or possi bilities. For this reason, the ladder drill is another bit of hospital training. A series of ladders and platforms, to represent the stairways ahd decks of a ship, is rigged up on the hos pital lawn. Some of the nurses are told off to represent the wounded. They are picked up by their com rades, laid on stretchers, gtrapped down, carried up and down the lad ders at the double-quick, passed through the openings in the plat forms, and so on, while the drill mas ter stands, waich in hand, to count the seconds. e By graduation time the ladder drill is so incredibly quick that the outsider can hardly believe his' eyes. First aid to the injured, of course, is one of the most important drills at the training school, and the nurse is expected to recite the nature of the injury, and tell just what results his treatment is'meant to produce, as he carries it on under the drill master’s eye. i The landing party drill is ra ex citing. The nurses scatter cfver the hospital grounds, hunting for prear ranged, groups of injured men, On finding them, they apply splints, ban dages, and whatever else might be necessary, and bring them in on stretchers. They write on a tag a description of the case and tie it on the stretcher. The doctor in charge questions them on what they have done for the wounded man, and why; and then they are marked according to their correctness both in treatment and recitation. It all looks like fun, but good deal of hard work and intelli gence is required, for Unecle Sam wants the best nurses possible. There are to be two nurses to each large war vessel. After graduation six months’ work in the hospital completes the training, and then the full fledged nurse goes on board ship. In a few years the naval hospitals hope to graduate enough nurses to be distributed among the smaller vessels.—Youth's Companion. Must Not Smoke in the Theatre. Paul Mounet appeared at Hav:re recently as the Missionary Bishop in “Le Duel,” which we saw in New York last year with Eben Plympton and Otis Skinner. As he lighted a cigar at the wings an officer of the fire brigade informed him that he must not emoke in the theatre. “But it is in the play,” explained Mounet; “I am smoking as I go on and then T will throw my cigar on the stage.” “Very well,” replied the offi cer, So M. Mounet made his entree as usual, but following him were two firemen, one with a bucket of water and the other with a huge sponge, The audience, appreciating the situa tion, roared and applauded with de light, and M. Mounet carefully de posited his cigar in the bucket and wiped his fingers on the sponge be fore proceeding with the dialogue. They eniorce the regulations against theatre fires in France.—Sports of the Times, : g -————w Collects Menu Cards. The Emperor of Austria is a man with few hobbies. One of them is the editing of an official court jour nal. Another is the collection of menu cards, and his stoek, which is continually being augumented by contributions from other monarchs, is a very wonderful one. A rare spec imen is that which was used at the dinner given by the Czar to Presi dent Faure some years ago. This “card” is a square of perfeet black marble, beautifully painted by a fa mous French artist, the names of the various dishes being lettered in ivory. —Woman's Life, e e e —————— The number of books exported from Germany by German publishers last vear exceeded 42,000,000, weighed 42,100,002 pounds, and were valued at $16,000,000, i ga Nas bl ] i.,r » With the Fonny Fellew > <=y -'-;s.b.";’f‘ ._7\ g = e\ N ,/(—‘ ,'.‘r“.* "‘"1 ¢ e sg' The Seesaw. il Fate will smile Z And fortutme frown; - . Beef goes up As Iron comes down. ; —Cleveland Plain Dealer. Had Heard None, “That man is an idiot. He simply won’t listen to reason.” “How do you know?’-—Nashville American, To Headquarters. "D;es vour husband bring fairy stories nome to the children?” ““No, but he brings me some dan dies.””—Houston Post. + Meaning Himself, Mollie—‘‘Tell me, did you ever win a prize at a lottery?” Cholly—“No, I never did, but my wife did.”’—VYonkers Statesman. A Skyscraper Episode. “‘A coping stone just fell from the top floor.” ‘“lndeed? Telephone the first floor to have the street cleared.”—Wash ington Herald. { A Hypocrite. Teacher — “What is a hypocrite, Sally?” Sally — ““A gal what comes to school with a smile ‘on er face.”— London Opinion. ¥ Malice Domestic. Knicker—‘‘Are you afraid to go home in the dark?” ; Bocker—*‘‘My wife always sits up for me with all the gas lighted.”— New York Sun. His Part. She—'“Will you take part in our theatricals?”’ He — ‘‘Really, T should like to. What shall I take?” . She—‘Tickets.”’—Philadelphia In. i quirer, | Truly Thoughtful. “Don’t step on that crust. The birds want it.” “And I'm grinding it up so they ‘can handle it. See?” The other man saw. — Houston Chronicle. A Modern Romance, ,=~ % “Why don’t they marry?” o “Family objections.” i “As if a real man couldn’t over come those!” ° ‘“lt’s not always so easy. His wife #on’t agree to a divorce.””—Washing ‘ton Herald, ‘ No Incentive. Dolly — ‘“No, I won’t wash my -facat” Grandma — ‘““Naughty, naughty! When I was a little girl I always washed my face.” Dolly—*‘Yes, and now look at it!” ~—London Opinion. The Cherry Tree Avenged. Washington had just declared he couldn’t tell a lie. Y ‘“What will you say when folks ask you how you enjoyed your vaca tion?” inquired his father. Seeing he had him there the old ; gentleman chuckled.—New York Sun. Handicapped: “Have you a tank in the build ing?” inquired the inspector from the itusurance office. . “We hev,” admitted the janitor. ““What's the capacity?” “Faith an’ Oi niver had money enough to foind out.” — Bohemian Magazine. “As Doth Eternity.” Bacon—'‘What's the matter with Your wife to-day? She seems to be in a bad humor.” Egbert—‘“Why, she heard a lot of hens cackling in the next yard this morning and she's put out because she couldn't understand them!’— Yonkers Statesman. | Something Long Needed. “I hear you're trying to invent a new style of cornet.” “Yes; I'm at work on one with a reflex action.” ‘“What's the idea?” “If I can get it working right it will blow the head off anybody that tries to use it."—Philadelphia Press. Sorry, But—— “Gumbolt and I have made a bet and agreed to leave it to you. He says a drowning man gets his lungs full of water, and I say he doesn't. Which of us is right?" ‘““What are the terms of the wa “T?" ““The loser is to pay for a dinner for the three of us.” “H'm~-1 never knew Gumbolt to pay a bet. You lose.””—Chicago Tri bune, No Place For Her, Towne — “There are some hot games up at the ball grounds these days. Why don't you take your wife to one of them?"” Browne--‘‘Gracious! I don’'t want to be a widower. She's too tender hearted and sympathetic.” Towne—'"What has that to do with By’ Browne—"“Why, it would be just like her to sympathize with the um pire."~—Philadelphia Press. ‘W*@\—/__., v S . 7 AJ ‘;‘J‘\. ‘B. R - “ - & ] , ?-‘h % &;’, {2 - o 4 ! 3 S 3O : - % _'(. 0 -';) f? for -t : ) .l_\c > Ataid o % ° i L% RPN g &« AT D) > H Always Fresh Allurements. If all the discords in the ragtime of time could be gathered up and strung into one long soul-racking score wouldn’t it look something like a dress parade of the freakish forms and fashions along our public thor oughfares? declares The Argonaut. The freakishness refers, of .course, to the female discords that lead off in this grand orchestral orgy; the men being merely the plain, common place, uninteresting rests ‘and bats } necessary only to accentuate the crashing crescendo of color and con tour. The London Mail, reviewing a : treatise on ‘““English costumes,’” says: ~ “Woman, whatever she wears, is always charming. I bow. But what woman wears is often the reverse of charming. The world is forever be ing surprised by its women. They “are Classic one day and Pompadour the next; after that, who knows? Nobody. ‘At the present moment we are no ticing an extraordinary person at restaurants, at the theatres, in the streets. She has sprung up in the night. Her waist has vanished, her hair is not as it was, her hat has out matineed matinee hats. The Direc toire lady has appeared. There' is scarcely a woman in England who is not aware of the fact. There is scarcely a woman who is not looking mentzally at her wardrobe and won dering how to model last year’s dress to meet the fashion, for fashion is a sovereign power, and I will bet that even the lady, I forget her name, who rings a bell at political meetings, is thinking about her hats. “This is woman’s 2trength, that she is always coming out in some fresh aliurement—llike children who make surprising remarks and draw all attention.”” 4 s, e Value of Money Inculcated. I determined to teach my children early to learn just what money would buy. and how far it would go, says a writer in Harper’s Bazar. For five years my two boys of sixteen and fourteen have had $4 a month as an allowance. Since entering the high school two years ago, the -older one is allowed $5. Out of this they must buy all their clothes, and, if any thing can be saved from it, they may uge their judgment as to how it shall be®pent. We always talk over the expenditures in advance, and I ac Appledore Soup.—Cook three medium-sized potatoes in boiling salted water, and when soft, drain and rub through a 2 purese strainer. Scald four cupfuls of milk with two slices of onion; remove onion, and add milk slowly to potato. Melt three tablespoonfuls of butter, add two table spoonfuls of flour and stir until well blended, then ‘pgur on gradually, while stirring constantly, the hot liquid. Bring to the boiling polnt and add ene and one-half tea spoonfuls of salt, one-fourth of a traspoonful of celery salt, one-eighth of a teaspoonful of pepper and a few grains of cayenne, Strain, and just before serving add three table spoonfuls of tomato catchup.—TLadies’ World. Our Cut-out Recipe. Paste in Your Scrap-Book. company the boys when they bny\ their suits and overcoats; but they have learned for themscives how to purchase shoeg, shirts, collars and neckties. : They have learned to watch for mark-downs, and to buy out of sea son on occasion, so that they may have more money left for Christmas gifts or personal pleasures. In these years I have contributed to their wardrobe only pajamas and bath robes, which I made myself, and one pair of expensive stockings for danc ing school. Other relatives gave them a few neckties at Christmas. The boys have learned proportion in spending. They have experienced that it is sometimes wise to buy the more expensive shoes or coats, if they have the money in hand. Otherwise, they nave learned to be satisfied with the less costly article. They. have occasionally earned a little money by working for a neighbor, but in all this time they have never nad any from their parents outside the allow ance, It has taught them both in dependence and restraint. They have never asked us for money for this thing or for that. Instead, we plan with them how it may be saved by economy of expenditure in other ways. Why American Women Are Beautiful. The interest in the physical well being of women, which is of compara tively recent origin with us, has ex isted for years among all classes in America. When the women of Amey ica first began to take up physical culture they did not do so from any desire of promoting their health and strength, but simply because they wanted to become more beautiful by systematic exercises, says Dr. Adal bert Von Tobold, of Berlin. They wanted to develop the grace and beauty of their movements and body to perfection, and they wanted to appear graceful and pretty even when nature had denied them these qualities. The initiative of this desire came originally from a Frenchman, Fran cois Delsarte, who had taught singing and acting in Paris for forty years, and who had devoted a great deal of his time to the study of living beauty and how to promote and preserve it. - His writings on this subject after ‘his death fell into the hands of two of his pupils, Steele Mackaye and Genevieve Stebbins, who became the enthusiastic promoters of Delsarte’s lteachings in America. American women of to-day owe much to Genevieve Stebbins, who combined the methods of Delsarte with the best of Swedish gymnastics, and who on her own body proved the usefulness of systematic physical ex ercise. The results which she and her pupils reached aroused a storm of en-~ thusiasm in America. Women of all classes and ages began to take up the course, and as soon as the methods had proved beneficial to adults they, were introduced in the various edu cational institutions. There is little doubt that when American women of to-day excel the women of all other nations in physical grace and beauty they owe it to a very, large exient to the teachings of Del. sarte. s Mot rienf: Curious Old Legend. According to a curious old legend, the ruby first became known to mor tals as the result of an act of kind tness shown by a poor woman to an linjured stork. = Philostratus, one of the old Greek writers, tells us that this gem was originally placed by the stork in the fabric of her nest as a charm against serpents, and Aeolean, in his eighth “Book of Animals,” en larging upon this fancy, thus relates the episode: “A certain widow, Heraclea by, name, had tended a young stork that, having fallen out of the nest before it was fully fledged, had broken its leg. Thereupon the grateful bird, upon returning from the annual mi gration of its kind, dropped into her lap as she sat at her door a precious stone, which, on her awakening at night, she found to her astonishment had lighted up her chamber like a glowing torch. Upon examination this stone proved to be a matchless ruby.” There_ are in reality two kinds of rubies; the true or Oriental ruby, and the spinel ruby. The former is a red variety of the precious corundum, of great variety and value; while the latter is an aluminate of magnesium. By ancient writers-a still wider range—under the common name of the “carbunculus” of Pliny, or the “anthrax” (‘“‘glowing coal”’) of Greek writers—included also garnets and other inferior stones of fiery color. Rubies vary in color from pale rose-red through deep cochineal to red-purple, the latter being the most valued tint, known as the “pigeon’s blood” color. Ceylon and parts of Tartary furnish very good spinels; these exhibit the color of crimson poppies, while the Balass specimens resemble pale roses. The true rubies are obtained from the mines, the spinels usually from the beds of torrents. By some of the ancient writers the ruby was said to preserve from all harm, and by others to glow and deepen in color when danger ap proached the wearer, and to turn pale and lusterless when brought into con flict with poisons. A ruby ring would, therefore, have been a very desirable possession for any guest who died at the table of the infamous Borgias, since Caesar Borgia, it is related, had little hesitaiion in dropping poison iato the wine govlets of his guests! One of the most interesting “nis toric” rubies is that which adorns tne centre of the diamond Maltese cross in the imperial State crown of Eng land. Originally the property of Don Pedro, King of Castile, it was pre sented by him to Edward the Black Prince, after the battle of Najara, near Vittoria, A, D, 1367. Afterward it was worn by Henry V. in his hel met on the occasion of the battle of Agincourt, 1415, and no doubt the brilliant victory was in -no small de gree attributed to tone glowing gem. Periect rubies are enormously valu able, 80 we can estimate the worth of a good woman and of wisdom when we find they excel in value these rarest stones.—New Haven Register. '_———‘——-_ g Where the Octopus Abounds. ““The rocky coast of Brittany,” said a lifeguard, “abounds in octopus— the pleuvre, as they say down there. “Walk a Breton beach at low tide ~—the beach of St. Liunaire, for in stance—and you will easily find in a half mile a score or more of perfect cuttlefish of those friable white bones that birds love, “They are from six inches to a foot Oor more in length, snowy and very prettily shaped; they make nice ash trays. The peasants gather them for ‘bird food, for ash trays, and also, I believe, for cigarette cases. “They are the bones of the octo pus, and their abundance is a con vineing groof of the octopus in those rock strewn waters of France.'— Minneepolis Jouraal, . i