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THE HERALD, e s ————— . — T —————ot e e . Published Every Tharsday, SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1 A YREAR IN ADVANCE. Advertising Rates Reasonable __..'—..____......—_.__.—-_.Ta____._____ ®Mclal Organ Charlton County and the Town of Folkston, se et ———— W. R. Wainwright, Proprietor, E. L. Wainwright, Editor & Mgr. oo it Eatered at the postoffice st Folkston, Ga, as Second Clais Matter. Remarks the New York Herald: Go ing to make paper out of cornstalks. Fine! There’s mighty little they have not made out of corn to increase the &ayety of nations, “Woman’s place at the university of Berlin,” says the Tageblatt of that city, “has already become an import ant one, although her rights have not yet been fully recognized there. Ac cording to the latest report 440 wom en were entered at the largest high school last summer and 753 attended’ the winter session. Degrees were conferred on 12; 10 in medical and 2 in philosophy.” i Remarks the New York Tribune: Encouraging as is the progress made since it was first discovered that the prevention and cure of consumption are possible, it does not satisfy those iwho are most actively engaged in the <campaign. They are eager to see what can be accomplished by a more skil ful use of the weapons now in service and the adoption of more efficient ones, if sucly can be found. In the far west 10,000 acres, contain ipg valuable timber, were set on fire by a lighted match, carelessly tossed aside by a casual traveler. In the en lightened jurisprudence of the days to come the careless tossing away of fire, however small the combustible, will e accounted among the criminal acts to be reckoned with by the law; ‘ prophesies the Baltimore American. There is entirely too much costly «arelessness in the disposal of lighted matches and of cigar and cigarette Butts. : The English Expositor, by John Bul- Jokar, brought out in 1616, was the “QGM , - true m‘ s”"‘s"“’l@ *‘mfis’m':*ma:’w&'%’a ‘words and definitions in that lan ‘guage, writes the Boston Transcript. Dr. Johnson's dictionary was pro mounced an epoch-making work in the ‘history of the language, and doubt less it deserved the distinction, though, as has been intimated, his de finitions were more quaint and epi grammatic than always exact. It was probably not hmis best loved labor, since he said: “I am not so lost in lexicography as to forget that words are the daughters of earth, and that things are the sons of heaven.” Dr. T. D. Crothers, superintendent of the Walnut Lodge hospital, Hart ford, Conn. contended that inebriety was a far more fatal disease than con sumption and was more widely spread, The so-called moderate use of spirits, by diminishing the vitality and lower. ing the resisting power of nature, he said, was an dcg‘w cayse of consump tion and .t)'p_hul;d fever nq& _Wa; ac ,countable for over 80 percent of all case§ of pneumonia. In fact, there was no disease known and no surgical op eration performed, that was not {nfiy" enced and made worse by spirits, Thee whole alcoholic problem, he continued, was a physical one, the result of dis ©ase controlled by laws which move with the same exactness and certain ty as any other operation in nature. The present efforts of laymen and so cietles to correct and prevent this evil as a moral one is a sad reflec tion on the stupidity of the medical profession, Dr, Crothers said, W. M. OLLIFF, _ ATTORNEY AT LAW, Folkston, Ga nvestigations of Land Titles a _ Specialty, e, e e e > L eOO SRS KIiLL e COUCH AND cp_ga THE LUNQ_S_ .y wrn [y, Eing’s ‘ - New Discovery A PRICE FOR COPSY'S | shiem, ARD ALL THROAT AND LUNG TROURLES, GUARANTEED SATISEACTOLY. OR MONEY BI'FUNDED. rmmmmmm@: ¢ Tue CommerciaL Crus v CHiNa. ¢ § Ancient Trade Organizations Whose Workings Have Made : Uncie Sam Unpopular in Asia. @ memm“‘---‘..-‘-_--- e There is much humbug and make be lieve (“make see,” they call it) in China. The army, the national wealth and even the supposedly world men acing population of the Celestial Em pire have one and all been taken down a 4 peg or two of recent years. Prob ably only one great potential for good or evil of the commercial bodies, of whose anti-foreign activity we have beard so much of late. From Manila has come the pithy statement that\'al} foreign devils look alike to Chinks,” but, unfortunately, our consular officers scattered through out China «ll agree that the boycott of which all foreigners complain is es pecially directed against the prestige of Uncle Sam and the very profitable commerce of his sons, Big as China is, it is apparently not big enough to contain this boycott, which three or four hundred million persons are called upon by their usual leaders to enforce, Wherever “the Chinese drive” there they have a way of monopolozing com merce, and they certainly are the con trolling factor in the trade of East Asia, from the mouth of the Amoor down to Java Head and Sumatra, and it is equally certain they are working against the expansion of our trade. A great many very conscientious men, who carry their New England consciences into our Far Eastern pos sesgsions, say that we are only getting what we deserve out in China. They aggert that our treatment of the Chi nese coolie has been outrageous, and that the exclusion acts are a stain up on the otherwise stainless honor of our national escutcheon. This may well be, but 1 do not think that it strikes the Chinese in this light, and probably our treatment of the Chinese coolies has little or nothing to .do with the boycott under which our trade and our feelings are suffering. Wheth er it be right or wrong ethically, the Chinese government recognizes the absolute “necessity of protecting the home labor market in the various provinces which compose the empire. There is no such thing as free emigra tion from one province to another, ac cording to the demands of the labor situation. For instance, the people of the cen tral provinces will only allow jthe im portation, say of a few Shantaung men from the north or Cantonese from the ‘ south. The moment the influx of for- i eigners threatens to reduce wages the same troubles arise which twenty years apo distracted our Pacific states and brought about the enactment of the exclusion law. Our trade and our[ prestige are doubrtless made the ob-‘ Ject of the first attack because Mr. Wu Ting-fang, until recently Chinese min ister In Washington and now an open wdvocate of the anti-American boycott, knows full well thay the national con science of America is not at all satis fied with what has been our policy to ward China and would gladly bring about a change. It is also undeniable that our popu larity has waned in China . of recent years. Our policy during the Boxer outbreak was most correct, but in de tails its execution was faulty and the Chinese were disappointed, Our gOV~ ernment and most of our officials spared no effort to stop looting, but unfortunately the Temple of Ances tors, in Pekin, was looted and the blame for it, rightly or wrongly, has been placed upon our shoulders. Then again, when the disorder was over, we sent in a pretty thrifty bill for dam ages. I shall never fotget the crest fallen countenance of Li Hung Chang ®hen he received Uncle Sam’s bill. “You talk very good,” he said, “but you send in mighty big bill.” Of course, we mean to pay back this noney after all the real proved dam ages have been paid, but the Chinese «do not know that. They only know that we exacted a surprisingly large sum of money when they needed money most and it was hardest to get. Of course, our bill was not as big as that of some of the other Powers, whom we are accustomed to charao terizé as predatory, but it was a mjght‘y big bill, in view of the fact, as the veneable Jiceroy put it, ““we had talked so good. Undoubtedly the negetiations which have, recently been conluded between the "Chihese goVernment and the Am érican “capitalists who' own' the con éesslqn to build a i'nlli'gud‘trbm Han kow ‘to Canton have left™a very.bad impression upon the Chinese mind. The concession was secured- because- thoge who sought it were ‘Ap)qri(‘g‘lis:-‘~4lxlq consequently without polftlcal\afi - tions in the great intrigueé thatewas: then going on for the upper ‘han@ i China. But these good Simon® Ru Americans immedistely soold} T out~a: large interest in their conc®ssion *to Belgium capitalists, behind whom, rightly or wrongly, the Pekin govern ment thought to see the hand of Russia. \ X \.. Rightly or wrongly, the viceroys who “had backed their project thought the sAmerican concessioners had deceived “them, and ‘theh began that passive op 'posmon to the execution.of the pro- Jeet which has,resulted in the Chinese taking over the property at which they .considered an exorbitant, not to say, extggtionate, price. Eight million dol lars for less than twenty-eight miles of {milway in a country where manual labor is as cheap as it is in China, is a pretty stiff price. The Chinese,’ lit tle experienced in the expérse. of promotion and flotation and the fees of international lawyers, call’it a §win dle. Certainly Minister Conger in pro nouncing ‘the whole transaction ;ifir “fous blow to American prestige "and American influence in Ckina was lspeaklng well within the bounds of moderation, In the reports of the existing boy cott and the anti-American riots which it has provoked the directing and con trolling influence of the agitation is generally recognized as that of the commercial clubs or gwids. Of these there are three kinds, all as old as the hills, far antedating the famous guilds of London. Some are simply trade or ganizations of merchants—for instance those engaged in silk or the rice trade are organized for muiual help and pro tection. Others are simply labor un ions, such as we know them. All men who handle rice have one organization, all who work in silk have another. The more interesting and novel forms of the Chinese guild is one in which the employers and the employed meet up on a common ground and in the same club house. Here the employers sit on one side and the workers upon the other, All troubles arising have to be regulated by arbitration, and em ployers and employes combine to take such action as may be beneficial {0 the trade in which they are both vitally concerned. What self-contained and influential bodies these associations are may be seen from the fact that one of the reg ulations provides that no appeal from the decisions of the guild can be made to the courts, A member who offends in this particular, whether he be em 'ployer or laboring man, is immediate 1y expelled. If the:unfortunate be a merchant, he is ruined by the boycott ‘which his late comrades enforce, if he be a working man he is refused em ployment by all and ostracized in every way, and there are frequent instances where such an unfortunate has been glarved to death, Every Chinese guild has its patron saint, or rather sage—generally some very successful ‘bgsiness man of a past generation., In China George Wash ingten would be the patron of the to bacco growers and Marshall Field of those who make their money in depart ment stores. The patron’s “soul name,” and sometimes his statue, stands in the pagoda most affected by the mem bers of this particular guild, for the purpose of pilgrimages and picnics. Until the last three or four generations the activity of the guilds in China, it is said, was limited to purposes of mu tual aid and protection. Latterly, bowever, their activity has become of fensive as well as defensive. As a gen eral thing, when a member of a guild considers’ himself wronged in a com mercial or any other transaction he lays the facts before nis fellow mem bers. If they find that his grievance s well founded, as a rult the guild prosecutes the case allox- PEHiBOs. ey 3 e " Many of the handsomest buil I all China are occupied by the g.‘}.i&?l ebther as clubs for social purposes or as exchanges. Many of them have magnificent halls for theatrical per formances and suites of rooms for dis tinguished scholars and traveling of ficials, The rice guilds and the silk guilds often spend more money than have our life insurance companies in making legislators have a good time and feel friendly. Judge Fields’ “House of Mirth” in Albany looks like less than thirty cents in comparison, with the wonderful Blue Pavilion where the Cantonese merchants bind influential people with the chains of hospitality. Undoubtedly through the guilds pub lic opinion in China finds its most po tent expression. Influential guilds of ten bring about the removal of a vice roy. They are eminently associations to be conciliated, because they repre sent that class of society in China which is most effectively organized. If a governor or viceroy can get along with the guild his administration is apt to be a peaceful and a profitable one. If he does nothing to restrain trade and much to further it, legally or illegally, the guilds will dine and wine him and sing his praises through the resident lobbyists, which all the important guilds maintain in Pekin, and when the end of his administra tion is reached, for in Chlna‘&ey have rotation in office and the uncer tainty in the matter of promotion as we do, the guild may ask of the de parting viceroy as a last favor the present of a pair of his boots, which are hung up by the city's gates or in the pagoda of the guild to keep frag rant th&,memory of an official who fostered trade and understood the re quirement of business. :‘\ Often the guilds speak a mighty W for righteousness, and not sel dor, alas, for graft. For instance, it ibp half they say of the Coffin Guild in ‘Canton be true that must be in the words of the late Jesse James, ‘a ‘most_ despisable” body of men, Some years ago, when the black death was iraing in the great city of Southern China, the viceroy: la\l‘nc' at the sug gestion of several fqreign physicians, ordered that all the rat and eat rests rants, much affected by thee Jower classes, be closed, the rat particulacly being regarded as a very common Gar rier of the plague germs. There wa course some discoutent among hose. who app.eciate the tidbits of ‘rat™and the tend-rloin of cat, and the € ’“* Trust got up street parades and torchs light “processions in boats along the walvwxmt, and they they told the viosroy=he would get himself dishiked it he didplt let the rat f‘ lauré.’ntfi'% up. Certain N_Mtf“_ withdrew the position e had at. first mken',l‘?, The_restauranis: were opesied, (he ‘plaguélincrmased;. elghty thousand men and women died that summer in Canton, and all paid tribute to the Coffin Trust, which c¢® course accorded a certificate of merit to the Viceroy when his-term was up. Here indeed was a man who had not re strained trade. Some of the guilds represent in the aggregate almost untold wealth and some not the least influential, however, are very poor. Even the beggars have a guilld. The wholesale merchants of Central and Southern China are espec fally conspicuous for their wealth and for the ability and the honesty with which they manage large enterprises. The retail merchant may keep false weights; he often admits he has to, the competition is so great, but as a rule in China the wholesale merchant’s word is as good as his bond. Indeed, I once heard a retiring governor of the Hong Kong Bank say that in his twenty-five years banking experience he had found the word of the China man as geod as the bond of the for eigner, in fact, it was, he said, the best' collateral he knew of. In the old days of the China trade, when the American firms of the Russels, the Heards, the Lows and the Griswolds were powers in the Eastern trade, the absolute integrity of the Chinese Hong Kong merchant was proverbial. In those days before international bank ing had been develcped to its present state of perfection, millions were of ten intrusted for months at a time to the Chinese representatives of “these firms, and. there is no record of a not able breach of trust. How effective the boycott against us is proving the reports from our con suls show only too plainly. The Chi nese practised the poycott centuries before the Irish question arose z2nd the modern name of the practice was evolved from the proceedings of the Land League. The poorest guild in China is that of the beggars, but by the power of effective organization they can, and often do, ruin the rich est merchants. Every gréat city is divided into wards and apportioned to delegates of“this guild. Each house holder or storekeeper is told what he must give in the name of sweet char ity. The delegate is always polite and restrained in language, but if an un derstanding is not reached, should the luckless merchant protest that he is ‘taxed too high, his shop is suddenly invaded by hundreds of cripples, his goods ruined by contact with their noi some rags, his stock in trade is lost, his customers leave him, he is ruined, unless he capitulates in time and the beggars’ guild graciously consents to condone his error of judgment, The guilds of China, large and small, count for many millions of people and many millicns of profits, It might be worth Uncle Sam’s while to find out really what is the matter and to talk business before it is too late.—Steph en Bonsal in New York Herald, ,-'J\ 5 1 O ———————————————————————————— - | Highest Mountains of Texac.! ‘ That the honor would rest with the Guadalu cManntia timber-capped EuT k‘,aim“{:m“ of E 1 Paso | %"to speat st the C¥New Mexican | .!\.O%né;“'fiafs long seemé&d prob- | able. In describing these mountains Professor R. T. Hill in his monumen- ‘ tal treatise on the Texas region pro- | nounced them the highest in the state. | Notwithstanding an error of nearly a thousand feet in his published eleva tion—an error resulting from the un- | certain aneroid—his statement was ‘ correct. During the summer of 1904, | while Van Horn county was being mapped by the topographers of the United States Geological Survey, care ful observations were made to deter- ‘ mine the elevations of the Guadalupe | Range. The work was constructed by Arthur Stiles, who has recently work ed out his field notes and has conclu sively determined the highest point} in his native state. The elevation is 5,690 feet above the sea, and the peak 1 —the highest in the Guadalupe Range | —is significantly called by the Mexi- | cans El Capitan.—Gainesville Hes perian. 1\ Most Ancient Condiment. 1 Mustard is the most ancient of con- l *diments, The Egyptians regarded it as an aid to digestion. The Asians ate it freely. It was sold by peddlers in Solomon’s time. Christ likened the Kingdom of Heaven to a mustard seeds The Normans and Anglo-Saxons in the earliest times never went to war with- | out an ample supply of prepared mus tard. It was their food and medicine. | The plant seems to thrive ia all parts of the world, and is eaten by every civ ilized nation, and many heathen tribes either as a spring salad (the young leaves are most delicious) or a sea soning prepared from the ground seed. —New York Press. | - Worth the Fare, It was during a very tedious rfde on .4 Western railway, and the passen gers, tired, dirty and thirsty, all be rated the company with the exception of one single man. His fellow passen gers commented on this, and asked him why he did not denounce the com pany, too. ~ "It would be hardly fair,” he replied, “as I am travelling on a free pass; | but, it théy don't do better pretty soon, | blame me if I don't go out and buy , ticket and join you—Harper's eekly. " - —gii- BN, ~ Toot, Toot! . A woman'®m the train entering §' i' Ra -fuked the conductor SSO 5 %o Pl "fi;;\:‘; &3 t. pped at the | e réPMed: “Madam, we stop just {:;‘gg' tes, from two to two, to two [ two. e . T % foman turndd to her compan [ lon @M said: “I wonder if he thinks Ta; i® whistle on the engine.”—Out. et e Asks That Timber Schedule Be Left Undisturbed. | it o Chairman Asks Why People of the South Vote Against Tariff and I Then Ask for Protection. Washington, D. C. — The timber schedule was again under discussion before the house ways and means committee, H. H. Tift of Tifton, Ga., who appeared at the request of the committee, said that the creation of forest reserves by the government had had the effect of increasing the price of stumpage. He declared that the government gets the highest prices for what it sells. Mr. Tift asked that the lumber schedule be left undisturbed, saying that the free entry of lumber would not tend to conserve the American forests, and that the consumers prob ably would get no benefit in the way of reduced prices, ’ He admitted that he would be sat isfied with the retention of the tariff |on the lower grades of lumber. Chairman Payne asked Mr. Tift why the people of the south come before the committee and ask for higher duties than the people from any other section, and then vote for {a low tariff in the national election. [ “Taft got 40,000 votes in Georgia,” | remarked the witness. | “Yes,” replied Mr. Payne; “but he lsheuld have gotten a majority.” “There was no campaign made in Gecergia for him,” retorted the wit ness. John H, Finney, representing the Appalachian National Forest Associa tion, urged the committee to take the duty off certain white pine seedings, which, he said, were needed for re | forestation, as this type of trees does | not reproduce itself, l GATTLE RAISING IN GEORGIA iWiII Be Chief Topic of Discussion at ‘ Farmers’ Conference. | Athens, Ga.—What promises to be ithe most interesting gathering of the ' farmers to be held during the com ' ing year, is. that to be known as ' the Farmers’ Conference, which will ' be held under the direction of Dr. A. ' M. Soule, president of the State Ag ' ricultural College, from January 18th ' to the 23rd, inclusive. | Commissioner of Agriculture T. G. Hudson has been invited to attend this conference and deliver an ad dress, which he has accepted. In ad dition, State Entomologist ¥. L. Wor sham_ will also attend this confer ence, and it is expected that Govern or Smith, State School Commissioner Jere M. Pound and State Chemist R. E. Stallings will also attend and de-| liver short and instructive talks. | Cattle trading in Georgia is to be‘ one of the chief topics of discussion. Dr. Soule is a staunch advocate of the "use of cotton seed meal mixed ‘with hulls as a cattle feed, having made numerous tests which proved it to be the best, as well as the \cwst feed on the market, ’ e dairy operated in connection wtih the agricultural college, where bthis ration s fed tg the milch cows, will be one of the inggresting exhibits during the confe , as will be the: rich products se red from this dairy, .The full program of the conférence is to be announced later, giving the names of the speakers and their sub- Jectss =, o Geprgid, as ‘an agricultural state, is rapidly forfiihg ahead in the great} interest b®fhg aroused over the de velopmeft of Georgia raised prod-{ ucts. MUCH WHISKEY SEIZED, Six Business Places at Augusta Are Closed and Proprietors Held. Augusta, Ga.—ln an effort to fore stall the ministers of the city in an “anti-blind tiger” movement, which was, according to public announce ment, to have been agitated simulta neously in a half dozen puipits, Chief Norris of the police départment or dered a sweeping raid of all estab lishments alleged to be dealing in whisky. Six places have been closed, and more than $3,000 worth of whisky seized. . NEW FORM OF DIVERSIUN. Toy Autos Are UsEd to Race at the Savannah Exchange. Savannah, Ga.—The members of the Cotton Exchange have a new form of diversion during this happy Christ mas season. Several of them have nurchased little toy automobiles that run with a spring, and there are races held on the floor of the ex change ,every afternoon at the close ~f business. T%e machines are rez ularly numbered, and the little tin drivers named after the big fellows who went over the long course here on Thanksgivirg Day. The greatest excitement prevails when these daily events are started. . TO EXTEND G, F. & A. RY. From Cuthbert North to Connect with Seaboard Air Line. Coluryhus, G.a—Authoritative con firmation has been given to the report circulated and denied about three weeks ago that the contract had been awarded to a Macon firm for the ex tension of the “*Georgia, Florida and ‘Adabama reilroad from Cuthbert nofth to connect with the Seaboard Air Line at or near Richland, the work beginning January ist, next. The gap is about twenty-five miles, NEW STATE FARM. Prison Board Plans Purchase of 5,000 Acre Tract. - Atlanta, Ga.—The prison commis: sion has under consideration a prop osition to prrchase a far mos about 5.000-acres to be used exclusively for whité’ convicts, the idea being to em ploy them upon the farm rathe: ‘than upon the public roads. Should the commission decide tr take this step, the state farm at Mil ledgeville, where both white and ne gro corviets are now stationed, wil be used exclusively for sick or aged negro convicts who are unable to dc service upon the roads. ; SCHOOL BOOKS ADOPTED. Vertical Writing Dropped in Favor of | Semi-Slant System. Atlanta, Ga.—After thorough inves tigation, the state school book com ‘mission has finished the task of re vising the school book system of the state and making the final adoptions of the text-books to be used in the common schools during the next five years, beginning January il, 1909, or ‘as soon as the changes can be effect- - ‘'ed in the various schools. : : ~ With a view to securing uniformity § ‘and simplicity as nearly as possible, ‘the commission dropped several ‘books from the various branches and ‘substituted other books written by ‘the same author. i ~ The only new books adopted were Wentworth’s New Elementary Arith ‘metic, which will precede Went 'worth’s Practical - Arithmetic, and Hyde’s Second Book of Grammar, to follow %yde’s Course in English. The latter book is already in use in the larger cities of the state and may be ' purchased for 40 cetns. The new ‘arithmetic will cost 25 cents. The books dropped by the commis sion are Bacon's Primary and Inter mediate Arithmetic, Mines’ Standard Arithmetic, Reed & Kellogg’s Graded Lessons in English Grammar, Conn's Elementary ~ Physiology, Coleman’s Elements of Physiology and Holton’s Primer. : One important change made by the commission was the abandonment of the vertical writing system and the adoption of the semi-slant. To this end the Roudebush copy books were discarded and the Writing Hour Sys tem was adopted. S The complete list of bocks ag adopf ed by the commission for use in the schools during the next five years fol lows: : Readers—Graded Literature, - first reader, Maynard, Merrill & Co.; Grad ed literature, second reader, Mayu nard, Merrill ‘& Co.; Lee’s Third Reader, American Book Company; Lee’s Fourth Reader, American Bocg company. : Arithmetic—Wentworth’s Pnactical Arithmetic, Ginn & Co.; Wentworth's New Elementary Arithmetic, Grammar—Hyde’s Course in Eng- Jish, Book I, D..C. Heath & Cbo.: Hyde's Second Book in Grammar. Geography—Frye's Elementary Ge ography, Ginn & Co.; Frye’s Higher Gecgraphy, Ginn & Co. . History—Beginner’s History of Our Country, Southern Publishing Com pany; Field’s United States History, American Book Company; Evan’s History of Georgia, University Pub lishing Company. Agriculture—Hunnicutt’s Agricul ture, Cultivator Publishing Company. Physiology and Hygiene—Hutche son’s Lessons in Physiology and Hy giene, Book 1, Maynard, Merrill & Co. Civics—Peterman’s Civil Govern ment (Georgia edition), American Book Company. Primers—Wheeler’s Graded Primer, Wheeler & Co. Spelling—Branson’s Speller, first book, B. F. Johnson Publishing Com pany; Swinton’s Work Book of Eng lishing Spelling, American Bood Com pany.. il Writing—The Writing Hour Sys tem. & THROUGHOUT THE STATE. Georgia postmasters appointed are: Gartrell, Gilmer -county, vice H. W. Gartrell removed; Hagan, Tattnail county, Apn Jane Geiger, vice J. M. Elders removed; Rockymount, Meii wether county, Anna O. Clark, vice W. H. York resigned. Governor Smith has named Dr. A. F. White of Butts county and Dr. S. A. Brown of Murray county as mem bers of the state board of electric medical examiners for a term of three years, beginning January 7, 1909. Both men were named to succeed themselves. . Upon the recommendation of the prison commission the governor granted a pardon to Otto Black, sent up for ten years from Fulton county for horse stealing. A confession by a man named Herman that he was the guilty party and. that Black was inno cent, furnished the basis for the prison commission’s recommendation of a pardon. Black was convicted in 1903. The Georgia Hotel Men’s associa tion held a meeting in Atlanta, J. A, Newcombe of Macon presiding. The following ofiicers were elected: G. L. Keene of the Pulaski, Savannah, president; J. Lee Barnes of the Ara gon, Atlanta, vice president; Tred Houser of the Aragon hotel, Atlanta, treasurer, and Leon F. Jordan, At lanta, attorfey. The state has been divided by the prison commission into three peniten tiary districts, each of which will be under an inspector. The districts are to be known as the northern, south eastern and southwestern, and are to be composed of the following coun ties: The northern will contain the road camps of the following counties: Floyd, ‘Bartow, Fulton, DeKalk, Wal ton, Newton, Jackson, Clark, Ogle thorpe, Madison, Elbert, Wilkes, Lin coln, McDuffie, Columbus, Taliaferro, Greene, Jasper, Puilnam, Baldwin, Warren, Hancock and Rockdale, The southeastern distriet will contain the following: Chatham, Effiingham, Screven, Bulloch, Glynn, Ware, Clinch, Echols, Lowndes, Brooks, Berrien, Coffee, Aepling, Ben Hill, Dodge, Laurens, Emanuel, Jenkins, Burke, Jefferson, Washington, and Richmond., The southwestern district will comprise the following: Monroce, Jones, Bibb, Houston, Macon, Sumte., Lee, Crisp, Wilcox, Turner, Tift, Col quitt, Thomas, Dectur, Mitchell, Mil ler Early, Calhoun, Baker, Randolph ‘and Muscogee. Joel Hurt of Atlantahas been naw ed by Governor Smith as a member of the commissfon to investigate the feasiability of employing convict la bor to extend the Western and Atlan tic railroad to the sea. Mr. Hurt was named in place of James R. Gray, ed itor of the Atlanta Journal, who de clined to serve, The other three members of the commission of nine whom the governor was authorizéd to appoint, are Paul B. Trammel of Dal ten; William H. Burwell of Sparta, and George Dole Wadley of Bolling broke, :