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t*ApE SIX
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AFGHANISTAN ONCE
FEARS BEAR’S PAW
The collapse of cznrdom in Hussla
was hailed with acclaim In Afghani
gtnu as freeing her from an influence
that often has been embarrassing. Bui
the menace of the bear's paw is re
newed with the threuiened incursions
of the Bolshevik).
To the stranger the Afghan display V
a sort of specious and deceptive ori¬
ental courtesy. In fact, a national
proverb Is flint “The man who shuts
bln door to a stranger is no Afghan.”
Hut the stranger also would do well
to know a saying current among the
Hindoos: “God shield you from ven
geanee of the elephant, the cobra and
the Afghan.” For many strangers
have found that, upon provocation, to
which the Afghan Is exlremfd.v sensi
live, his disposition Is vengeful, cruel
and crafty. His desire for pillage,
theft and deception also Is apt to gel
the best of hhn.
Your Afghan is a swarthy, swag¬
gering, proud, hut withal prepossess¬
ing sort of man, every inch the war¬
rior while he keeps his turban on.
hut giving a faint suggestion of a he
wlgged Jurist of old English da\>
when he removes II to disclose a head
.shavpn from forehead to crown, with
curly ringlets falling about his shout
(lets front the unshaven portions.
Occasionally the men arc fair, as
are moat of the women, whose hair In
two plaits with colored (assets at the
end, conceivably might ch)I to mind
an American musical comedy chorus
prepared to sing “School bays,” were
It not for thetr flowing oriental robes.
Afghan women, like Turkish women,
are secluded, hut they are consider¬
ably more adventurous than their
.Turkish sisters, hence scandal Is not
Infrequent even in a land where a
man may have as many wives as he
can support.
By Hablbullah’s father, Abdur Bah
man, also were enacted measures of
national defense singularly In keeping
with occidental schemes for conscrip¬
tion. He jtiude the boast that he
could throw a hundred thousand men
Into action In a week to defend one
of his provinces, and said his entire
domain could raise a million tight lug
men to defend her soil. Nor did he
stop at the prediction. ... lie worked , ,
out a system by which each man In
every eight would alternate in taking
mlltary instruction. One had to be
very young, or very decrepit, to es
cape the amirs draft, for the service
ages were from sixteen to seven y.
So far as barring private munition
makers la concerned, Abdur Rahman,
long before his death In 1901, might
have subscribed to the principle, dis¬
cussed during the pence conference at
l’aris, for he had his own factories
at his capital, Kabul. There are said
to have been produced a dozen or
more rifles and thousands of car¬
tridges a day, and several gum* a
week.
n
ONCE EXILED FAMILY OF
I BRAZIL NOW HONORED
The visit of Secretary of State
Colby to Rio de Janeiro, and recent
press dispatches Mating that I’rcsi
dent Pessoa of Brazil has signed a de
cree revoking the edict which banished
former Emperor Dorn Pedro II and
all his relatives, arouse Interest in tlie
history of these “United States of
South America.”
Harriet Chalmers Adams, writing to
a National Geographic Society, says:
"There is a movement under way
to build a national pantheon in Rio
de Janeiro and bring to It, at the time
of the 1922 centenary, the remains of
Brazil’s historical personages, indud
Ing Joao VI, Pedro I, Pedro 11 and
his consort. To this the Portuguese
government will probably consent, and
It Is to he hoped that Princess Isabel,
too, will agree. Pom Pedro II should
return with honor to the land of his
birth. The difficulty hitherto lay In
the fact that neither the princess nor
fler sons were permitted to enter the
Republlc of Brazil and could no long
er visit the family tomb.
»* Dom Pedro II died In Paris In
3891. Princess Isabel, who married
the French Comte d'Eu, still lives in
France. In 1908 tier elder son
nounced his claim to the throne of
Brazil In favor of his brother Dom
Luiz, whose 111 tie son, horn In H819, is
Pedro III.
“When In Lisbon I visited the
theon, where the rulers of Portugal
lie. Exlted front his country. Dom
Pedro II also found a resting place In
the land of hi* forefather*. I was
most unfavorably fmpresesd with this
Pantheon. It altogether lacks
beauty and dignity of the royal mao
solemn of the Escorlal iu Spain. For
tlie payment of a small fee. the eusto
dlan permits you to climb a
and gaze at the embalmed body of the
last emperor of Brazil. This seems
most unfitting.
“Pain Pedro H Is Brazil's biggest
name. He it was who led his country
Into the brotherhood of great nation*.
With him wisdom and kindliness
were pre-eminent. Every Inch an em .
peror, be yet was accessible to the
iMUttblMt of hi* subject*.
THE LEADER-TRIBUNE, FORT VALLEY, GEORGIA 0
There la much In the r|ty
lie lived tor so many years srlll
associated with Ids rule, which
only the other day, as we count
tory—1889. Ifi t he com of-artn*
the hoiiKe of Hragan/.a, still to tie
on ninny of the buildings; In
si reel names ns Marquez de
Vlcente. Hnroa de Peiropolls,
de Maranguape, and in the tlileil
S',illans one still meets In the
we realize that not many years
Itlo de Janeiro was the abode of
ally.
■‘‘Closely associated with
rule in its decline was the
daughter, Fiona Isabel. While
regent, during one of her father’s
its to Kurope In search of health,
signed the most vital decree ever
sued in the country. I saw ihe
inal document In the Hall of
and Ihe pen, set with diamonds
emeralds, with which Ihe
signed it, the decree of May 18,
which liberated 1,500,000 slaves.
“The decree of 1888, which
! all slaves, was Immensely
with many of the country’s
inert, who claimed the princess
had been unduly Influenced hv her
ical advisers. This was one of
reasons for the fall of the
although that event may he
attributed To discontent all over
country, owing to the centralization
power in the capital.”
- ry
DO FISHES TALK?
Do fishes talk?
Recent speculation about a
language gives rise to this even
startling theory, hinted at by Dr.
ander Graham Bell, in a
tion to the National Geographic so
clety.
I “Talk,” of course, is used In
settle of communication; a
which is not extreme since we
speak of “talking” over the
the Instrument of Doctor Bell’s Inven¬
tion, though I lie “voice” that is heard
is not that of the speaker, but a ute
elinnlcal reproduction of his utterance.
“Did you ever put your head under
water and chuck two stones
to sett what the sound Is like?” Doctor
Bell writes, “If you liuve never done
ihut, try It, and you'll get a new sen¬
sation. I did It once, and if sounded
as If a man were hammering for all he
Wits worth at my very ear.
“I then took two tiny little pebbles
and tapped them together quite lightly
under water, and it sounded like a
man knocking at Ihe door, It was
rather startling to hear such a loud
noise from such a slight cause.
“Reflecting upon various experi
merits, the thought occurred to me;
If two little stones tapped together
can he heard under water, wh.v, every
tiny lobster that snaps his claws nm»i
make an audible click. I wonder if
there are creatures in the water that
signal to one another by sound.
“Well, I Imd occasion to try It one*,
|he ,,-ivor In Ontario
; I years ago, I put my head
| nmny
h , water nn( , listened,
•
, ‘tick, tick,’ came
, ||ke „ K ,. HSN hopper‘ 8 chirrup,
inil e while after thut a chirrup
on U)e 0(hw . side There were crea
nn(Jei . tlw water that were call
ing to one another.
"I don’t know whether nil flsh make
Bounds or not, but there are some fish
(lmt certainly do. The drumtish on
our coast drums away in the water so
loudly that you can.hear him while
you are walking on the shore.
“It is also a significant fact that all
fish have ears. Why should they have
cars if there Is nothing for them to
hear?
"Of this we may he certain—that
there is a whole world of sound be
nenth the waves waiting to he ex
plored.
“Three-quarters of the earths s
face Is under water and has not yet
been explored, at least to any
degree."
A
RATS: A COSTLY PEST
As carriers of tlie dread bubonic
plague rats are a menace, but that
is only one form of their costly and
dangerous depredations.
“Ruts arc practically omnivorous,
and tlioii- depredations cover a wide
range,” writes Edward \V. Nelson In
a communication to the National Geo¬
graphic society.
“They dig up newly planted grain.
destroy it while growing, and also
when In the shock, stack, crib, gran
ar.v, mill, elevator, warehouse, wharf,
and ship's hold, as well as in tlie bin
and feed trough, They eat fruits.
vegetables and meats in (tie market,
destroying at the same time h.v pollti
tion fur more than is consumed.
"They destroy enormous numbers of
eggs and poultry, as well as the eggs
and young of song and game birds. In
addition, they invade store and ware
houses and destroy groceries of every
description, as well as furs, laces,
silks, carpets and leather goods,
“They cause many disastrous tires
by gnawing matches, by gnawing
through lead pipe near gas meters, or
by cutting the insulation from elee
trie wires In order to secure material
for neMs and by gathering oil-soaked
rags and other inflammable material
In their nests; flood houses hy gtinw
ing through lead water pipes; ruin ar
lifleial ponds and embankments by
burrowing, and damage foundations,
floors, doors and furpislilng* dwell
inl¬
“A* disease carriers they also cause
enormous commercial losses, espec
clolly through the Introduction of bit
bonlc plague and the resulting
s ''’" nf commerce. With the Introduc
tion of plague they become directly
responsible for business disaster as
well as for an appalling mortality.
Much of the greater part of losses
from these pests is in foodstuffs,
which, as already Indicated, are
proved at every stage from tlm
the seed is planted until they ai t
for human consumption.
“Investigation some years ago
ratecl that the direct annual
tained In the United States
[ about $200,000,000, with a great
tlonal sum in Indirect losses,
tl |e effect on tlie public henltli
commerce from the diseases
by rats, and the necessary
tures In combating them.
roughly speaking, tliHi as
the rat population Iti (he United
Is 50.000,000 for the cities and
000 for the rural districts, it will
quire the destruction of property
each rat of only a li I tie more
one-fourth of a cent a day to
'he aggregate sum estimated u s
stroyed by these pests yearly In
country.”
CRIMEA: THE RIVIERA
OF RUSSIA
A proposal that Great Britain
the UnliciKJjtates shall co-operate
caring for the Russian refugees
the Crimea again directs world
pathy to a land which has
known suffering.
Hanging down into the Black
like a butcher's cleaver, with its
pointed east and the nettr corner
the blade Joined to the mainland
Russia, the Crimea, where it was
planned to exile the abdicating
Is about as near to being an Island
a peninsula well can he, even though
a very narrow strait Is Ihe only vut
let- that lies between It and a second
connection with the mainland. On the
one side, to th.> west, lies the Perekop
Gulf, and to the just, shut out from
the Black sea by the handle of the
cleaver, is the Sen of Azov.
With an area matching that of New
Hampshire, a population equal to that
ef New Hampshire and Vermont to
gether, and a climate that borrows
good features from Florida and south
ern California, and bad ones from
many places, the Crimea Is one of
the most fascinating hits of territory
between Portugal and Cochin China,
Its population is a congress of races.
Its industries range from the grow
Ing of subtropical fruits and the hous
ing of Russia's elite as they flee from
j the cold, to the herding of sheep and
the growing of grains. It Is a place
of many-sided activities.
As the men of wealth of America
have their wittier homes In Florida
and those of western Europe have
theirs along (tie Riviera, the people
of Russia have their country seats in
ihe Crimea. And beautiful places
lhey are, for In Russia the rich are
very rich. The height of the social
season is from the middle of August
in the first of November.
The peninsula is occupied hv 855,000
people, according to the last census,
.mostly Turkish-speaking Tartars, with
a scattering of Russians, Greeks, Ger
mans and Jews. Cleanliness and mo
rality are said to he proverbial traits
of the Crimean Tartars, who have been
undergoing tlie Influence of Russifi¬
cation for several generations. They
have taken up vine culture, fruit grow
ing, and kindred occupations with a
zeal seldom equaled east of the
Aegean.._
The novels of Tolstoy give a graph
Ic picture of the Crimean war from
the Russian viewpoint—depicting the
miseries of the march, the anguish of
the life In the casemates, and the
nerve-destroying ordeal of manning
the lines under shellfire, there to
await the night attack that might or
might not come. It was in this war
that Florence Nightingale rendered
i service as a nurse that made her name
a synonym of ministering angel on the
j w£>r)d , s p att!efi4 ,| ( ]g. T hen men knew
j n( >t)iintg of the cause of cholera and
such diseases, and the soldiers died
flies.
! u ig estlnm|e(1 thut 50,000 British
soId)er8 1Ie bur | e(J jn the cemetery out
I side of Sebastopol. Before the pres
■ cut war this vast city of the dead was
watched over by a German who could
speak no English, but who was proud
,,f his privilege of guarding the ashes
of those who fell at Balaklava and
j Inkerman.
1 When Stephen Graham Aisited the
cemetery Hie old keeper told him they
had 85 varieties of oleander in the
\ ! cemetery.
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>
| Manuscript* Strangely Recovered.
Some valuable manuscripts went
down in a torpedoed ship during (lie
war. How they were recovered has
been told by the Rev. J. Alston at Sur
biton, England. Breaching at St. Mat
thew s church on behalf of the British
and Foreign Bible society, he said the
late Archdeacon Dennis, a missionary
in South Nigeria, spent several yeais
in compiling a dictionary and gram
mar of the Ibo language, comprising
six distinct dialects, to enable the
Bible to be printed and circulated
among the native tribes. When on bts
way to England his vessel was tor
pedoed. and he lost his life. Some
months later Ids manuscripts were
found In a crevice of the rocks on the
Welsh coast, where they had been
washed up by the sea. They are now
awaiting publication,
Hurrah for Cow.
Father had returned from c polit¬
ical convention and presented each of
1 his three youngsters with a badge
bearing a likeness of a candidate and
his name. The two older children
1 were able to read, so ran out of the
house cheering for the man whose
name appeared on their badge. Mau
rice was too young to read, but seeing
, his
the seal of Indiana on badge
I (which is a buffalo bounding over the
| plaiu) he shouted, Hurrah for this
j A aru cow
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j DAUGHTER OF “TINO” to
WED CROWN PRINCE OF RU¬
i MANIA.
I The beautiful Princess Helen, eld
es t daughter of ex-King Constantine
; of Greece, who is to wed Crown
| prince Charles of Rumania. The roy
| a engagement was offieially an¬
’ nounced recently. Prince Chrles, who
j is 27 years old, was the centre of a
j romance in 1918, when he married
j Odessa,Mile. Zizi Lambrino, (laugh
| ter of a Rumanian general.
i t ] u . p,.j nce was reported to have re¬
j nounce( ] pis rights to the throne and
j he repeatedly declared he would
| 1 never give up his bride. The mar
riage was annulled by the Rumanian
courts-last year, and the prince
then sent on a trip around the
1 during which he paid an
' visit to America.
|
j A race of 40,000 head-hunting
cannibals declared to be the smallest
human beings, as a race, was
. ■' 1 ” " Vl 1,1 by an explorer in the
New Hebrides.
■o
The United States supplies 69 pel
cent of the world’s output of pelrol
! e in n.
j ■o
j Consumers of soft drinks have
; paid $51,000,000 to the Revenue
-
partment of the government. This
would indicate that the soft drink
, business is in $500,000,000
excess ol
(
j a year,
___
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; FORT VALLEY, GEORGIA.
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THURSDAY, DEC. 30, 1020.
an jltn
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