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k OCI LI.A, GEORGIA. HEN ItMRSOI Sc HANLON, Publisher*. The fact that the $20,000,000 wa* paid to Spain without the actual hand¬ ling of a single dollar of money dem¬ onstrates the vast utility of credit. The United States circuit court of appeals at Chicago has held that the directors of a bauk are not liable for the mismanagement of funds by a president who takes advantage of his position to speculate. The American automobile is already achieved. What it needs next i3 a well articulated system of roads to run on, along which the inns and re¬ pair shops will spring up in immedi¬ ate response, as they have done al¬ ready in answer to the more modest needs of the American bicycler. For the second time Dawson City has been swept by flames. This frigid settlement is now suffering the horror of the exposure to the piercing cold of unknown numbers of shelterless human beings. A city of wood, with the interior of it - houses heated by constantly burning fuel, and contain¬ ing an unusual percentage of the dis¬ orderly element in its population, pre¬ sents all the conditions inviting such a disaster. How many people realize that the world’s gold production uow is great¬ er than in the phenomenal era of Cal¬ ifornian and Australian mining? The total yield of the metal in the whole world during the ten years 1851-1860 was $1,332,981,000. The production for the ten years ending with 1899, ac¬ cepting as accurate the trustworthy mint estimates for the remainder of this year, is $2,005,000,000, or $672,- 000,000 more than for the great Cal- fornian and Australian period. The temporary government for the Philippines is the old familiar model for British colonies and American ter¬ ritories, says the New York Commer¬ cial Advertiser. All Anglo-Saxon civ¬ ilization out of Great Britain began that way. The thirteen colonies be¬ fore the revolution were ruled by royal governors and judges and councils appointive above and elective below. American territories were so ruled at the beginning. British crown colo¬ nies are so ruled. Out of this germ of liberty has grown the self-govern¬ ment of American states, the autono¬ my of Australia, Canada and the Cape colonies, but the growth has been guided and restrained everywhere by the development of capacity for main¬ taining internal order and external de¬ fense. Providence a year ago cut off from its schools some of the special teacher trimmings, and it is now considering the recommendation of an investigat¬ ing committee that the system of free text-books be abolished. One reason given is the cost, which in 1898 was $31,000; another is the disease germ menace; a third is that those parents unable to buy the books are a very small fraction of the whole number, and a logical fourth is that the families of the city that have the fewest books in their homes now do not have even school-books. Children could former¬ ly turn to these to give them informa¬ tion or refresh their knowledge of what had been learned in school, but now they have nothing, This is thought to be the first organized movement agaiust an established free- book system. The bicycle is growing in favor at an astonishing rate in Maine, although the state is notorious for poor roads. Of course the popularity of the bicy¬ cle will compel authorities to build macadam highways, as has been the case elsewhere. The Kennebec Jour¬ nal, which has been examining the assessors’ books, says that in 1898 the bicycles in the state were valued at $324,420. The owners are paying $8100.50 in taxes on their wheels, of which amount the state receives $892.50, the rest going to the towns. It is also said that the value of bicy¬ cles in Maiue is only $7000 less than that of the street railway properties, and is one-tenth of the value of the Bteam railroad property, not counting rolling stock. Other wheel vehicles are appraised at a sum only four times that of the bicycles. Telegraph and telephone companies pay $8689.61 in taxes, and the express companies but $4950.25. There are 13,000 owners of bicycles in Maiue, and the number grows rapidly. ‘ Keep abreast of these stirring times by subscribing for your home paper. The price is Ittlle, and you cannot afford to be without it. — "X > K o o W 4 p It must have been about two years and a halt ago that the elderly lady with a husband, residing in our vil¬ lage, conceived the grand idea of mak¬ ing gooseberry wine. She communi¬ cated it to the elderly lady without a husband, who again imparted it to the lawyer’s wife, a happy mother, with four unmarried daughters, of whom I was, and, alas! still am, the young¬ est. The elderly lady with a husband prevailed upon that appendage to gather the fruit; and such was his good will that he arose at 6 o’clock in the morning from his comfortable couch to obey her behest. He ap¬ peared at breakfast with lacerated hands and a perspiring frame; but his zeal sent him back to the garden the moment he had satisfied his ap¬ petite. The elderly lady without a husband, having lost what the elderly lady with a husband possessed, was fain to help her cook with her own fair fingers. The lawyer’s wife’s four daughters were pressed into their mother’s ser¬ vice, and most unwillingly plunged their fingers into the torturing bushes. After the picking was over the three ladies were divided in opinion as to whether the berries should be crushed halved, or left whole, each one fol¬ lowing her own conviction. The writer of this has an unpleasant recollection of standing for four hours while she cut every gooseberry clean through the middle, according to her mother’s directions. In due time the wine was put into the casks, and the casks were rendered airtight until the following spring, when the sparkling contents were bot¬ tled and stowed In their different cel¬ lars. My mother, I remember, was the happy possessor of six dozen; the elderly lady without a husband had two dozen less; but the elderly lady with a husband carried off the palm of quantity, no less than twelve dozen of this homely liquor. But while the wine was yet in the casks there came to our village a young man with an unmistakable air of gentility about him. He had no occupation, yet his attire was good in quality and faultless In cut. His purse appeared well lined and quickly emptied. It was whispered by some that he was an eccentric member of a high family, and had quarreled with his relations all round, so that was how he came to settle in our quiet neigh- u),i sJSIllI ggg liMUiniiM/u® A v mm m |t h: / 4 , m j====- EVERY BOTTLE OP WINE LAY IN ATOMS. borhood. Others, more maliciously disposed, averred that he was a first- class burglar. My sisters and I believed in the first-mentioned version of the mystery, perhaps because it was romantic and suited to our girlish Imaginations. He was invited to our village soirees once or twice a week, and as he always sought me out the moment he entered the room I was a target for all the envenomed darts from the bows of the other girls. Meanwhile the gooseberry wine had been bottled and ■'pronounced excellent by the select few who tasted It; all the bottles were sealed until the fol¬ lowing winter. The festivities of the dark season were ushered in by a small dance, given by the elderly lady with a hus¬ band. Everyone was Invited, even the unknown, although our hostess looked on him with anything hut favor. The entertainment seemed meant to inaugurate the gooseberry wine rather than anything else, for instead of champagne our glasses were frequently filled with this home production. Our hostess, with a beaming coun¬ tenance, told us that she wished the rising generation to patronize this harmless beverage rather than its more potent reality. The unknown and I, after one waltz, strolled away to the conservatory. When we were alone he looked at me with sparkling eyes and flushed cheeks, gently pressing my hand within his arm at the same time. “Dearest,” he whispered, “may I hope that some day you will allow me to claim this dear hand in mine?” I blushed as became a surprised maiden, although the only wonder I felt was that he" had not asked me be¬ fore. I murmured “Yes” in my most dulcet accents, and immediately received his reward for my acquiescence. My heart bounded in response to a knock at the front door, soon after breakfast the next morning. I knew it was the unknown’s hand that had wielded the ponderous bronze ring. I heard in my distant dormitory the door opened and closed, and then there was a pause. Next a quick step on the stair, a gentle tap on my own dpor, and the entrance of the housemaid bearing a card. The piece of pasteboard bore my love's name, and at the back, In pen¬ ciled letters, this short sentence, "Will you spare me a few minutes?” Not loverlike, certainly; hut I clothed it In love’s own language. When I entered the drawing-room I found the unknown Impatiently drumming his fingers on the window. The face he turned toward me was grave, not to say gloomy; but, still unsuspicious, I went toward him with a gay welcome on my lips. He shook hands, certainly, but constrainedly. “I have sent for you,” he said, “to— to—dash It! I don’t know how to put what 1 am going to say. It 1* most confoundedly awkward. The fact is, I had no right to ask you to he my wife last night, for I cannot marry if I would.” "Why did you, then?” I asked, coldly. “Well, to tell you the truth, it was that deuced wine at supper that did it. It went to my head at once, and the waltz afterward finished the business. I am come to throw myself on your generosity. My Income dies with me If I marry, and as I have do profession I must keep single.” “Go!” exclaimed I, with a withering look, and pointing to the door. He obeyed me and went, and left the most miserable being behind him. After the first paroxysm of outraged nature was over I crawled to the cel¬ lar, and I did not leave that place till every bottle of gooseberry wine lay at my feet In shivered atoms.— Exchange. BIG FEES. Physicians Who Received Fortunes for Simple Services. Several European physicians have made fortunes by single operations. Dr. Thomas Dimsdale, a Hertfordshire specialist, who was summoned to St. Petersburg in 1752 to vaccinate Em¬ press Catherine II., received $60,000 and a pension of $2,500 a year. A cer¬ tain Dr. Butler, who had obtained a world-wide reputation for his opera¬ tions in lithotomy, received a lakh of rupees (then worth $50,000) from each of six Indian rajahs for relieving them from their pains. The late czar of Russia paid Prof. Zaeherine, a noted specialist of Moscow, $75,000 for two days’ attendance. Dr. Gale of Bristol received a check for $250,000 for cur¬ ing a certain prominent nobleman of a diseased knee. Dr. Gale Yowski, who traveled all the way to Teheran to at¬ tend the son of the late shah, received $35,000 and his expenses. Sir William Jenner received a baronetcy and $50,- 000 for four weeks’ attendance at the bedside of the prince of Wales. Sir Morell Mackenzie received $100,000 for attending the Emperor Frederick. Per¬ haps the most extravagant fee .of all, however, is that of an English army surgeon who charged an Indian rajah $50,000 for one prescription in a simple case of rheumatism. Couldn’t He Divided. In Felix Moscheles’ “Fragments of an Autobiography” occurs the follow¬ ing: Madame Schumann was wanted to play at a little musical reunion, but she did not respond. Mr. Moscheles was deputed to approach her. “Was she Inclined to play?” “Particularly disinclined,” was the discouraging re¬ sponse. The envoy mentioned her huk- bands’s “Carnaval.” “One part I par¬ ticularly love, the ‘March of the Da- vidsbundler.’ If I could only hear you play just that page or two!” This roused her. "Page or two, indeed!” she cried. “Wenn man den ‘Carnaval’ spielt, spielt man ihn ganz.” (When one plays the “Carnaval” one must play it all.) And she played the whole. MIXED PICKLES. An “old maid’s convention” was held at Elkhart, Ill., recently. Of every hundred Portuguese peas¬ ants only twenty can read and write. Copenhagen has the largest zoologi¬ cal garden in Europe. It embraces 4,200 acres. Three oil wells at Bibi-Eibat, in the Baku district, produced over 6,000,000 barrels last year. Several soldiers who went through the fight at Santiago fainted at Co¬ lumbus, O., the other day when they were being vaccinated. Berlin is to have a special insti¬ tute for the study of hygiene as ap¬ plied to the tropics. Professor Koch has drawn up a plan for it. “Did you say 1 lied deliberately?” “Well, not exactly. My remark was that you couldn’t tell a deliberate ’ truth.”—Philadelphia North Ameri¬ can. Sir Walter Besant says no man has fewer amusements than himself. He is too short-sighted for billiards or tennis, and has even dropped the occa¬ sional game of whist. A French philological journal esti¬ mates that of the 860 different lan¬ guages spoken on the globe, 89 are in use in Europe, 144 In Africa, 123 in Asia, 417 In America and 117 in Oceanica. A month’s supplies for the South Carolina dispensaries, recently pur¬ chased, included 915 barrels of whis¬ ky, thirty barrels of gin, ten barrels of rum, 420 cases of whisky, 100 cases of wine, four oarloads of beer, five bar¬ rels of ale and five barrels of porter. Uncle Joshua—We’s got ter have some more coaling stations. Uncle Jedediah—What do we need 'em fer? Uncle Joshua—Why, ter accommodate our navy, ye know. Uncle Jedediah— A bigger navy? We don’t need that, either. Uncle Joshua—We don’t? Plow’d .we defend our new coaling stations, then?—Judge FIREMEN ON BICYCLES. Novel Appliance* Introduced by the Washington Fire Department. District Commissioner Wight Is im-y proving the Washington (D. C.) fir# department, says a Washington dis¬ patch to the Baltimore Sun. Several months ago the old fire-alarm system was replaced by a now one with key¬ less boxes. Mr. Wight was then im¬ pressed by the uselessness of having all the firemen in the city called out of their beds when only a few were needed, so he Introduced a noiseless alarm system. At each engine house a watchman is on duty day and night at a desk where fire alarms are an¬ nounced on an indicator. If the watch¬ man sees the alarm is one to which his company must respond a switch Is . urned and the next , call ,, comes on a large gong. Otherwise the firemen have undisturbed repose Commission- er Wight next decided to mount a fire- man at each engine house on a bicycle who, whenever his company is called out, shall precede it to a fire. It s estimated that . the mounted firemen should be able to reach a fire several minutes before and _ their companies be able to accomplish a great deal be¬ fore the engines can arrive. Each bi¬ cycle fireman will be equipped with a small chemical fire extinguisher. The latest Innovation is a megaphone,which will be efficiently wielded by Assistant Fire Chief Belt. Mr. Wight had no¬ ticed that on many occasions it was almost impossible for the firemen to understand the orders of the chiefs, and each was therefore compelled to act almost entirely on his own respon¬ sibility. The megaphone is fifteen inches in length, and through its use there should be no difficulty in dis¬ tinguishing orders. It is expected that each of the foremen and probably the bicycle firemen will later be equipped with a megaphone. It is intended also to introduce automobile fire engines. RELIGIOUS FORMS. Aoessorle. Now in High Favor Were Once Forbidden. The use of incense In churches was forbidden as a heathen custom till the j fifth century. The use of holy water ; j was equally denounced as a practice of ! the pagan priests of Rome and of the j ritual of Isis. The asperging of Julian j in Gaul is perhaps the earliest instance of the Introduction of this practice, which became a source of superstition in the fifth century. The wonder-work¬ ing power of the relics of the martyrs began to be believed toward the close i of the fourth century, and Immediately : after we find complaint made of the j sale of forged relics, both in the east and in the west. The sale of relics was forbidden by Theodosius, yet they con¬ stantly increased in numbers and im- I portance until the holy table was con¬ verted Into an altar to hold them. | In the fifth century also ex voto of¬ ferings began to be hung on the church ; walls—a custom which was of heathen , ! origin. The use of fights was forbid¬ den in tbe second ceniury, in the day¬ time, but crept In in the fifth century. The Mithralc altars had much earlier supported candles, but these may have been necessary in underground chap¬ els. Jerome wrote that it was slan¬ derous to say that wax candles were burned “in clear light,” but Paulinus of Nola, in 307 A. D., so decorated his church on festivals. A NOTED BRITISH DIPLOMAT. Sir Claude Macdonald, the noted British diplomat and minister plenipo¬ tentiary to China, has returned to Eng¬ land considerably advanced in public favor on account of the masterly man- ner ln which he has met the wiles of LI Hung Chang in dealing with Ori- ental questions. Sir Claude is a K. C. B. of the creation of 1898 and for three years he has lived n the east as a diplomatic agent of the J nlted King- dom. He is a s on of the late Gen. J. D. Macdonald. He was educated In Sandhurst, and when a youth he en- tered the Seventy-fourth Highlanders. In 1882 he was given the brevet of ma- Jor, and In that year he served through the Egyptian campaign. He was In j A va <V m 1 W, A w w M h [$ SIR CLAUDE MACDONALD, the Suaklm expedition (1884-85), and won the medal with three clasps, the khedive’s star, and the fourth-class order of Osmanich. For five years he was a diplomatic agent In Egypt, and he was consul-general at Zanzibar In 1887 and 1888. Naturally Enough, “I gave that poor man $1 a few days ago, and told him to come around and let me know how he got along.” “Oh, that was good of you! He was your bread east upon the waters.” “I sup¬ pose he was. Anyhow, he came back ‘soaked.’ ”—Philadelphia Bulletin. Was Human Weakness. “Didn’t he say he would never speak to you again?” “Yes. But he saw I had a cold, and he couldn’t resist the temptation to tell me of a sure cure,” —Boston Journal. RUSKIN IN OLD AGE. I GRAND OLD SOCIALISTIC PAIN¬ TER IS FEEBLE NOW. rho Lamp of Light Show* Sign* of Coming Extinguishment—Closing l»nya of a Life Well Spent — Scenes at Ilran t wood. The recent celebrations at Brant- i wood have called prominent attention to Mr. Ruskin's Increasing years, and also of the declining powers of the seer who wrote "Modern Painters.” Brantwood is a fitting place for se¬ clusion and repose, well earned, at the end of a life long and strenuous, far beyond , , the .. ordinary. ,, Its T .„ windows shining levels of the of tranquility and A correspondent who has recentl vlB , ted Brantwood says that Mf Kuskin now ig able t0 take but Ut - tie recreation. Most of his time is Bpeat i n b [ s study, from which there is * and the a fln view of Conlslon lake , great falls at the southern end of it, falls wbia were pain ted by Turner, and which figure so prominently In the descriptions in the “Idyls of the King.” For some years past visitors have been forbidden an audience ex¬ cept In very rare cases. Brantwood, as the many know, Is quite a temple of art. Turners have been crowded Into the place to the overshadowing of all other artists, even men like old Crome and William Hunt. Mr. Rus- kln’s tiny bedroom Is hung all round with specimens of the great master. There are two studios at Brantwood, and at the time of the correspondent’s visit there stood on the easel of one of them Mr. Ruskin’s last study, an enlarged peacock’s feather. On being ushered Into the professor’s presence the visitor was received very kindly. There was an Inquiring look in the Wj i 1 & i V' h $ S ft m i<(, 7 ■h t] m i#» life a ,§t|L VJM 'A , r im w m A \ IK V 7 mm 7/ JOHN RUSKIN. S^/Taded . „„ ... their evl- fires. Warning had given that a long conversation no{ ^ aUowed> but the talk 4rlfted round ^ & sub j ect in w hich Mr . Rugk j n bad hggn interested nearly for- years ago. He remembered a cer- p | cture and contrasted it with a Modern work by the same artist. His memory had not fa n e d him nor his crltIcal acumen. The portrait is from thg latest photograph, taken by Mr. McClelland, Llseard, and has not pre¬ viously been published. It was taken in Mr. Ruskin’s study at Brantwood and shows him with all his recent, wealth of hair and silvery beard. It will be remembered that the deputa¬ tion which waited upon Mr. Ruskin on his eightieth birthday wished his portrait to be painted by Holman Hunt. His health, however, would not allow the project to be encouraged. There are already Ruskin portraits by Millais, George Richmond and Herk- omer and portraits have been quite re¬ cently painted by Arthur Severn and G. W. Colllngwood. PRESENT INSANITY CAUSES Prevailing: Hallucination. Are Now of a Material Type. Freedom of thought in matters of re¬ ligion has changed the character of the delusions and hallucinations of the insane, eays Dr. John H. Glrdner, in the North American Review. Insanity keeps pace with the changes in hu¬ man development, and the character of the delusions and hallucinations of the insane at any time Is a reflex of the interests which are then uppermost In men’s minds. We now seldom find the spiritual type of insanity among the inmates of hospitals for the insane. As doctrinal discussions have ceased to Interest the masses, theology has ceas¬ ed to be a cause of insanity. This Is an age of material development, of making things and having things. Men are much concerned with the problem of amassing treasure here; that, with the long line of social questions which belong to it, is now uppermost in their minds, and these material problems are the ones pressing hardest for solu¬ character tion. Hence of the It delusions is that the prevail theS and novWB luclnations of the insane are a material type. The struggle for Istence, modern Inventions, steam wealth! arM electricity, and the mad rush roj result In ever increasing demands up¬ on the brain and nervous system. And under the strain many who have con-, genital organizations or acquired become defective nervoiflj just insane, asdtfflH the same class fofmerly did suit gical of problems. fear and brooding over thool^H nM The insane are now tormented,by the devil and hfl imps, but telephones and phonograph? are continually ringing In their ears. Others suppose they have steam en¬ gines in their heads, and many im¬ agine they are persecuted by men of large fortunes or of great political power. Formerly those who were af¬ flicted with delusions of grandeur were prone to imagine themselves to be the Savior of the world or the Virgin Mary, or some eminent saint. Now they are more apt to think themselves to he great investors or powerful politicians, or the possessors of untold wealth. The delusions of the insane always take this form and color from the questions and problems which are most absorb¬ ing at the time. PURELY PERSONAL FIRE. A Householder's Earnest Efforts to Save His Home. There was a smell of fire in the house, the deep gray odor of burning cloth, says the New York Commercial Advertiser. The man of the house be¬ gan nosing about to find out what caused it. He prides himself upon his keenness of sense. He went across the room. “Hum! It grows strong¬ er,” he said. When he had placed his nose flat up against a brick and plas¬ ter wall it was stronger than ever. He backed off. “No, it’s somewhere over here.” At the door of the hal; odor was very pronounced. Hi ed downstairs into the dining. The odor was there, too. He i down cellar. It was overpo' He put his hand into his coat poc for a match. He found went the upstairs* fire bjj sense of touch and poured a glass then of he water carries into his hisJH mfl et. - Since in a box and is disposed to be ifl ulous when stories of incendiarj$H narrated. He says eonflagrati^H charity, begins at home. WROTE MANY DRAMA Edouard Jules Henri Pailleroji noted French dramatist and autH dead. He was one of the best <1 French minor poets and was a ml of the French Academy. Of lax had done very little writing and not produced a play for some ya M. Pailleron was 65 years olq was born in Paris, and made hiM in letters in 1860 with satirical ’ which were very well received, first volume was called “The ; sites,” and he wrote a one-acy P - lyj % ’ -4! (* mm fel /' ! 4' il w DRAMATIST FAILLEIM to which he gave the name ‘Vh asito,” and which was produced^* Be^H Odeon with great success. dozW 1863 and 1887 he wrote about a dramas, which enjoyed much popular-! ity at the theaters in which they were staged. He was not very well known outside of Paris.