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VOL-XV. gliTE NEWS ITEMS CII.LED FROM MANY SOURCES BRIEFLY PARAGRAPHED. Happenings of General Interest to Georgia Readers. Eiaggold is to have telephone con¬ nection with Chattanooga, Dalton and Cliickamanga Park. * * * There is probably more home-raised meat packed away in Stewart county smokehouses at this time than in any year since the war. The city council of Barnesville has decided to get out a pamphlet putting forth the advantages of the city and surrounding country. Chipley is to have a cheese factory, Griffin is to have an addition to her cotton factory and Valdosta is to have a largo pork packing establishment. Other places throughout the state are booked for various enterprises. There are over 1,700 names on the tax defaulter’s list in Columbia comity from 1877 to 1894, ranging from one year np. If all the defaulters pay up and register it will give the county a gum which will be quite acceptable at this time. Quite an acrerge is being planted in Irish potatoes around McIntosh, and all hope for a large yield and good prices. The LeConte pear trees are looking well, but there are no blooms yet. A good crop is looked for this season, and many think the severe , winter has been an advantage to them and will destroy the blight. The arrangements for the Ocmulgee ohautauqua for 1895 are being made, and every indication points to a most successful assembly. The manage¬ ment has been busy for the past few weeks corresponding with lecturers, educators, orchestras and elocutionists in various parts of the country, and contracts have been entered into whioh insure an attractive, entertaining and instructive programme. The most unique testament ever filed in Chatham county was received by the ordinary reoently. George W. Shaf¬ fer, who died something over a week ago, left an estate of ten thousand dollars. Among other things he be¬ queathed several shares of Central railroad stock to some of the charita¬ ble institutions and churches of the city, providing that they should use the income only and denying them the power to sell or transfer it. At last accounts Cential railroad stoekB were selling looked for $10 and dividends are not for again. The centennial of the Richmond Hussars, of Augusta, will occur in the early summer of this year, and will, in all probability, be celebrated in June. It has been pretty well settled on to have a three days’ encampment and to invite the other three troops of the battalion, and possibly several other troops. Prizes will be offered for the best shot, and this will be open to Colonel W. E. Jones’ Sixth regi ment of infantry, allowing each com pany to enter five men. Also, prizes ™1 be offered for the best tilting teams among the cavalry. All old bers, Hussars, and particularly war mem¬ will be invited to participate in the centennial exercises proper, for riuch a special day will be set apart. A party of prominent Tennessee law. Efflers arrived in Atlanta a few days a go and will spend several days mak- 1D g a Btudy of the revenno and assess¬ ment laws of this state with particular reference to court costs. They are members of a joint committee from the ennessee house of representatives and senate, appointed to make a complete s udy of the conditions that confront He people of that state with respect o internal economics. Speaking of e matter a member of the committee said: ‘ ‘We came to Georgia to obtain m urination on criminal cost laws, be a use the amount paid out by the state s so small. For instance, in Tennes ee w e have paid out nearly $500,000 oar yearg, while in Georgia you ,T erag e $10,000 a year. * * * \ The city of Augusta has sold $88,000 IRas 6mption bonds dated April 1, , t ™’ Payable April 1, 1925, interest ? per cen ^ P er annum, payable ? I ‘-annually. J The bonds are of ; ’, ®ach. The purpose of the issue oesiw edem P tion of 338,000 7 per ” d , ® now outstanding, of date a , d *?. ’ * be falling due April 1, app able proceeds of this issue i ? to this purpose and no oth e f' Lhere twelve bidders, k n , were in, hid of Mr. Colden Rhind, Jo.’: Wa8 1 or tbe 389,821.60 for the entire T ’ one that got them alL tbe o' 4 ! issued a larger than this time and each thou sanl ° llar bond brought Thio ^ year each $1,007.80. #1,000 brought $1,- Conyers Weekly. CONYERS, GA., SATURDAY, MARCH 1G. 1895. 020.70, showing an increase of $12.90 on each thousand-dollar bond. The new issue is floated at 4 2-5 per oent. William T. Adams, of north Geor¬ gia, was arrested a few days ago and placed in Fulton county jail on a charge of attempting to defraud the United States government by obtain¬ ing a pension to which he was not en¬ titled. Adams is about seventy-five years old, and has been a fugitive from justice for nearly three years, the crime which it is alleged that he com¬ mitted, occurring in September, 1892. Adams is charged with having imper¬ sonated Martin Crawford, a soldier of the Seminole Indian war of 1888, In that he sighed an affidavit that be had entered that war and served a suffi¬ cient length of time to entitle him to a pension, but upon investigation by tho pension department at Washing¬ ton, where the affidavit went before the pension could bo granted, it was discovered that Adam’s declaration that he was Martin Crawford was un¬ true and that he had never served in the war, as claimed in the affidavit. Attorney Brown Discharged. Attorney Julius Brown has been re¬ moved from the attorneyship of the Western and Atlantic railroad, and the charging of fees against the receiver is said to have been the cause. For nearly twenty years Mr. Brown has been the attorney for this road. When the road was under the management of Hon. Joseph E. Brown, Mr. Julius Brown was the attorney. When it was placed in the hands of receivers, his father and Major E. B. Stahlman were given the appointment as re¬ ceivers. These two gentlemen immediately appointed 'Mr. Julius Brown as their legal adviser. He, it is said, at the timo accepted the position with the un¬ derstanding that the amount of his compensation was to be fixed by g special master. This appointment was made in 1891, and since that time, un¬ til his removal, Mr. Brown has held the position. During the period that he acted as attorney for the receivers, $700,000 is said to have passed through the hands of Major Stahlman. Several weeks ago a special master was appointed to fix the fee of Mr. Brown for his four years’ services. This special master is said to have al¬ lowed him on his claim $35,000, or 5 per cent of the total amount that was handled by the receivers in the four years. . This amount is said to have surprised Major Stahlman, and he at once relieved Mr. Brown from further service, and will, it is said, attempt to manage his affairs without the aid of an attorney. Independent Fanning. The Atlanta Constitution says: The losses of the Florida orange growers during the recent ccld spell will cause them to turn their attention to diversified farming. They should now be convinced that while a cash crop is a desirable thing it should not receive their entire attention to the exclusion of other crops. Nor is this proposition confined to the Florida farmers alono. It is equally applica¬ ble to the tillers of the soil here in Georgia. The necessity of planting for ourselves rather than for others has been forced upon our attention in more than one rude lesson, and it is time for us to profit by our expe¬ rience. In order to hold our own against occasional periods of bard times we should first supply our own wants from our own farms. A cash crop should be cultivated, but if everything is subor¬ dinated to it, our farmers will fre¬ quently find themseives without cash and without supplies. The farmer who would be independent should first provide for the wants of his family with diversified food crops, With a comfortable living assured he may then devote his spare time to a cash crop to provide money for his running expenses, but the living crop should always take precedence. This should be the rule with our Georgia cotton planters. They should plant first for themselves and then plant for cash. When a farmer produces everything that his family and live stock eat he is virtually independent of the mar kets, and it will be no great task for him to produce a cash crop that will supply him with enough money to satisfy his modest wants. The Atlanta Exposition. The Exporters and Importers' Jour¬ nal, New York, says: The month of September, 1895, will mark the beginning of a new epoch for the southern states of this republic. Ever since the civil war of 1861-1865 the south has been, in many ways, handicapped in her industrial pursuits. But always enterprising and energetic, she has struggled manfully against the stream, gaining strength, courage and riches with each year, until at last a point has been reached where she is prepared to show to the world what she has done and wha t she can yet do. It is interesting to know that the cot¬ ton states are a unit in this enterprise, and they promise, in many respects, to rival the world’s fair at Chicago in the excellence, scope and character of their exposition. is worth remarking ‘En passant,’ it that the world possesses no educator that is worthy of comparison with these mammoth expositions. Manu¬ facturing and natural products from all parts of the globe are grouped and analyzed. Interchange of trade be¬ tween widely separated countries re¬ ceives an impetus which nothing else would give it, and the whole world is made wiser, better and richer and bolder by the knowledge that is glean¬ ed, the methods that are learned, the suggestions that are formulated and the histories that are told by the ex¬ hibits. The wool growers of Australia meets the cotton planter of the south; the miner and farmer from Cape Col¬ ony rubs shoulders with the mechanio and the factory owner of the new world; the merchant from Eng¬ land, France, Germany, etc., hobnobs with the merchants from other quarters of the globe, and each of these sees in the other not on¬ ly a purchaser and a consumer, but a dealer and a seller. In other words, he sees a trader—he scents trade, and, when all is said, trade, not gold, is the real basis of values. World’s Pairs are only exchanges on a large scale— rendezvous for the meeting of ex¬ porter and importer, and in the ex¬ change the exporter becomes an im¬ porter and the importer becomes an •xporter. Such expositions are edu¬ cators, because they teach a man the wisdom of being both, and show him conclusively where he can find the best markets for purchasers as well as for sales. NOT EVEN ON OATH. Prof. Smith Says He Would Not Be¬ lieve Secretary Morton’s Assistant. It has just become known that the educational committee of the Tennes¬ see legislature, in session at Chatta¬ nooga, was treated to a tremondons sensation during a star chamber ses¬ sion in which the state university at Knoxville was under investigalion. The state superintendent of education, Frank Smith, appeared before them and declared that he would not believe President Dabney, who is also assist¬ ant to the secretary of agriculture, Morton, on oath. The professor testified that local trustees called a meeting of the board without giving previous notice to the trustees at large, and then voted the president a leave of absence to accept a high government position, still con¬ tinuing bis salary as president. Presi¬ dent Smith further charged that he was present at a later meeting of the trustees with enough proxies to defeat the board’s former action, but that the right to vote these proxies was de¬ nied him in conflict with tho institu- tion’s rules. The committee will report favorably on the conduct of the state university, especially on the recent introduction of co-education. The fact that Presi¬ dent Dabney once disapproved of Smith’s appointment to a chair in the school gives bis charges a selfish col¬ oring. Nevertheless they have pro¬ duced a decided sensation. Superin¬ tendent Smith insists that Dabney be made to r< sign as president of the uni¬ versity. SPAIN’S EXCUSE. Unofficial Statements in Regard to tho Action of the Gunboat. A special cable dispatch from Ha¬ vana, signed by the editor of Im Lucha, says: firing “No official report of upon a merchantman flying the American flag by a Spanish man-of-war has been made here. It is thought that since the Cu¬ ban coast is being watched by Spanish naval vessels, one of them fired on a suspicious vessel which did not obey its signals to stop.” A special cablegram from Colon, re¬ ferring to the same rpisode, says: “The Colombia line steamship Al lianca, which was fired on by a Span¬ ish war vessel off' the eastern point of Cuba, on March 8th, took no war ma¬ terials when she sailed on March 5tb. Her 1,700 tons of general freight and 200 tons of bananas quite filled her. Cubans here say the Allianca was fired on probably in the belief that she was » ■filibuster. They say it is an old Spanish custom to fire on any suspi sious vessel.” THE STRIKERS CONFIDF1NT. They Consider Their Fight for Union Rates Practically Won. The strike of the miners of the Pitts¬ burg, Pa., district is but one week old and there are nearly two-thirds of the miners of the district at work at union rates—69 cents per ton. The strikers consider the fight practically won, but they may yet bump up against some of adverse circumstances in the person obstinate railroad operators. conceded The river operators have the demands of the miners and there has been a general resumption of work at all tbe river mines. All the river crafts are being loaded, and as long as this rush continues there will be work not only for the full number of river miners, but also for a large number of extra men from the railroad mines. On the other hand, the railrond op¬ erators refuse to pay more than 55 cents per ton, and the majority of their mines are idle. They claim that they are compelled to refuse orders because they cannot fill them at prices quoted by competitors. HOTS IN NEW ORLEANS. A MOB OF WHITES FIRE UPON NEGRO LABORERS. lour KM aM EijM Woiied. TIIE POLICE WERE POWERLESS TO QUELL THE CONFLICT. A British Subject Fired Upon and Wounded—Troops Called Out. There were two separate and dis tinot riots at New Orleans Tuesday, both probably resulting from the same plan. One occurred on the river front near the French market, where the ship Engineer was loading for Liver¬ pool. The other occurred about four miles distant in the direction of Car¬ rollton, at the foot of Philip street. Only one man, William Campbell, col¬ ored, was killed in this affair. The names of the dead are: William Campbell, Jules Garrabee and two un¬ known negroes, who have not been identified—four in all. The wounded are: James A. Bane, purser of the steamship Engineer, Brown, dangerously wounded; Henry colored, will recover; Leonard Mal¬ lard, colored, has since died; Tim Persten, colored, may recover; Louis Oast, colored, will recover; Billy Williams, colored, will recover; Frank Lighthall, colored, slightly wounded; Robert Brooks, white, shot in the leg, not dangerous. other Doubtless a number of ne¬ groes were slightly wounded, but ran away and cannot be identified. The first scene of the conflict was on the river front between Stann and Dumaine streets, Three men were killed almost outright, while a num¬ ber were wounded. The killing was done by a mob of white men numbering about 200, who were armed with pistols and Winches¬ ter rifles. The negroes were about to start to work on board the steamship Engineer lying at that point, when white men approached from all direc¬ tions. All were armed and many took positions behind box cars and poured volley upon volley into the negroes. Those who were on the scene say that it reminded them of a battlefield so fast and furious was the firing. The negroes were given no quarter and were shot down like dogs. Not only were the darkies shot down, but severel innocent persons suffered. Among those killed was Jules Clice Carabee, a shoemaker, who happened to be in the vicinity. James Bane, the purser of the Engineer, was standing on the levee, near his ship, when the attack was made, and he received four wounds, three in the head and another in the arm. He was fired upon by several men who aimed over the heads of three policemen who were kneeling behind some freight just on the edge of the wharf. His wounds may prove fatal. As near as can be dated, the shoot¬ ing occurred a few minutes after 7 o’clock. There was a dense fog pre¬ vailing and this afforded the white men an excellent chance to do their bloody work, At the time there were only six policeman on the scene, and there were no arrests effected, as the police were as badly frightened as the negroes. The attackers were composed of two parties. A large number of men appeared at the corner of Du¬ maine street, and equally as large a mob came from the corner at St. Ann street. Resulted from Labor Troubles. The levee riots resulted from an old quarrel over the loading of cotton ves¬ sels. The business has in the past been monopolized by the white crew, who screw or load the cotton bales in¬ to the holds of vessels. They consti¬ tute one of the strongest labor unions ,'r> fiia nonntrv. They have an annual income of $50,000, and have $160,000 in bonk. They have dictated terms on the levee, commanding wages of $5 or $6 a day for their men, although the work is by no means arduous. At the beginning of tho present season, the white laborers, considering that there was not enough business for them and the negroes, concluded to drive the latter from their work. The ship agents, under orders from the ship owners abroad, who are mainly English, stuck to the negroes, and the result has been a running warfare for the past three months, in which a number of levees were sacrificed and some property destroyed. The war l egan with incendiary fires, which de¬ stroyed the wharves of the West In¬ dian Steamship Company, with $250, 000 loss; the wharves of the Texas and Pacific, with 25,000 bales of cotton; loss $500,000. ineffective, These measures being various riots followed directed against the negroes, mobs of white men raid¬ ing the vessels in port and put¬ ting out the negroes working at them. Seeing defeat still threatening them, riots were decided on in order to bring the matter to a crisis, which has very thoroughly been done. To Punish the Rioters. As soon as the details of the trouble were received, steps were taken to re¬ assert the authority of the law and punish the riotert. The ootton ex¬ change, the board of trade, produce exchange, maritime association, sugar and rice exchange, fruit exchange, young men’s business league, mechan¬ ics, dealers and lumbermen’s exchange, the clearing house, the bureau of freight and transportation and the wholesale grocers’ association at onoe held called meetings and appointed delegates to a conference to consider the situation and decide upon what ac¬ tion should be taken, tlie universal sentiment being that great vigor was needed. Governor Foster was at once telegraphed, and he left Baton Rouge on the earliest train. He reached New Orleans at 6 p. m., and agreed to meet a delegation from the joint conference committee of the exchanges. British Consul Takes It Up. In the meanwhile, in anticipation of more trouble, the militia was ordered to be in readiness to be called out at a moment’s notice. The firing on the British steamer Engineer and Niagara and the fatal shooting of the purser of the former vessel, was brought to the attention of the British consul, and he, as well as the British ship agents in New Orleans telegraphed to the British ambassador, notifying him of the outrage and calling on him for protection to the lives and property of British subjects in tho city. The riot was also called to tho attention of the grand jury by Judge Moise, of the criminal district court, and it began an investigation, particularly in regard to the failure of the authorities and the po¬ lice to preserve order, suppress tho riot and arrest the rioters. Mayor Fitzpatrick, Chief of Police Jouruee and others were summoned before tho grand jury and testified. The general disposition is to lay tho blame for the loss of life on the mayor, who was warned of the probability of trouble, but refused to take action. Nor is the governor held blameless, us the present troubles have existed for four months, and no attempt has been made in all that time to suppress them. The Governor In Conference. The conference between the gover¬ nor and representatives of commercial bodies lasted till midnight. The gov¬ ernor stated to a reporter that the whole situation had been carefully considered. He will remain in tho city as long as necessary, personally in charge of affairs. He said the only definite plan he would pursue would be the maintenance of law and order, and that it must and shall be maintained at all hazards. Vigorous and effective measures will be put into operatiou for this pursose. He is assured of the hearty eo-operation of all good citi¬ zens. In the meantime he issued a proclamation calling the militia out to preserve order. Appealed to Sir Julian. Sir Julian Pauncefote, the British ambassador at Washington, has received a telegram from tho British consul at New Orleans, informing him of the shooting, daring the riot, of Purser Bain, of tho British steamer, Engin¬ eer. The consul added in his telegram that tho city was in a terrible state of excitement and the men of the Engin¬ eer were fearful that they might be attacked. He, therefore, earnestly re¬ quested that some action be taken to insure their safety. Speaking of the matter, Sir Julian said: “You know, the city of New Orleans is very much pertulbed just now, bu the governor of the state, I am ast sured, is able to quell the disturbance. As soon as I received the telegram from Consul St. John, I turned the matter over to the secretary of state, and he informed me that he would communicate with the governor of Louisiana, and that the matter may be investigated.” London News on the Riot. The London Daily News, comment¬ ing on the race riot in New Orleans, says: being lynch¬ “The negroes are now ed in bulk in New Orleans. If it were not for the looks of things, they might as well return to their ancestral seats in Dahomey. New Orleans is a more respectable address than Dahomey, but the citizens of the two localities are much the same.” EVANS LOSING VOTES. The Investigating Committee Reduc in His Majority for Governor. A Nashville special says: Hon. Thos. R. Myers, of counsel for Governor Tur¬ ney, hau returned from East Tennessee, where ne has been working with one of the subcommittees investigating the governor’s election. He says that in the counties already investigated in that section Evans’ net loss will be 6,000 votes, and four of the worst counties—Roane, Morgan, Campbell and Scott—are yet to be investigated. He says that the Houk-Gibson race in the second district was responsible for much crookedness, as the judges administered the poll tax law loosely, by being influenced in their decisions the interests of the candidates they favored. In the counties investigated by Mr. Caldwell's committee, Mr. Ev¬ an’s net loss will be approximately as follows: Cocke, 240; Hamblen, 340; Granger, 440; Union, 700; Claiborne, 800; Knox, 100. NO. 11. THE INCOME LEVY. OLNEY PLEADS ITS CONSTITU¬ TIONALITY. Tlie Matter Being Argued Before the U. 8. Supreme Court. The proceedings in the inoome tax cases in the supreme court at Wash¬ ington Tuesday Attorney opened with argu¬ ment by General Olney on behalf of the government for the va¬ lidity of the tax. The oourt room inside the bar was crowded when the oourt came in at noon, and thero was no timo when the limited capaoity of the room was suffi¬ cient to accommodate the audience. Mr. Olney began by saying that the chief interest of the government in the present litigation was limited to the constitutional questions which the several plaintiffs allege to be involved. Whether they were really involved he would not attempt to determine. An examination of the plaintiffs’ bills and briefB and arguments seemed to him to show that many of the al¬ leged objections to the validity of the income tax are simply perfuuotory in character. “They wro taken pro forma,” ho said, “by way of precaution, because of the possibility of a point develop¬ ing in some unexpected connection— and just as good equity pleadc be his knowledge of his case of the perti¬ nent remedios evor so thorough, never fails to wind up with the general prayer for other and further reliof. “No time need be spent in disouss ing the averments that the incomo tax law is an invasion of vested rights or takes property without due process of law. Those propositions are pure generalities, and if there is anything in them, it is bocauso they compre¬ hend others which are the only real subjects of probable discussion. “Again, suppose it is to be true that the income tax law undertakes to as¬ certain the incomes of citizons by methods which are not only disagree¬ able, but arc infringements of person¬ al rights. The consequence is not that the law is void, but that the hotly de¬ nounced inquisitorial methods cannot be resorted to. “The like considerations apply to the question that the law is to apply to the taxing of the agencies and in¬ strumentalities of these several states. It is not yet definitely adjudicated and is by no means to be admitted that the incomo of the state and mu¬ nicipal securities is not taxable by the United States when assessed as part of the total inoome of the owners under a law assessing incomes generally and not discriminating against such securi¬ ties, and others of the like character. “But suppose the contrary, the re¬ sult is not that tho law is bad in toto, but that it is bad only as to the in¬ come of state and municipal securities. “If I am right in these observa¬ tions,” he continued, “the constitu¬ tional contention of the plaintiffs sim¬ mers down to two points, Ono is that an income tax is a direct tax and must be imposed according to the rule of apportionment and the other is based upon the alleged violation of the con¬ stitution with regard to uniformity. ” He doclarod that whether an income tax is what the constitution describes as a “direct” tax, is a question as com¬ pletely concluded by repeated adjuca tions as any question can be. It is not a direct tax within tho meaning of the constitution unless five concurring judgments of this court have all been erroneous.” Speaking on another point raised by appellants, he said no land tax is aim¬ ed at or attempted land by the statute— there is no lien on for payment— and the whole scope and tenor of tho statute shows the contemplated sub¬ ject of taxation to be nothing else. Mr. O'ney devoted considerable time to the meaning of the word “uniform” as applied to the collection of imposts, excises, etc., declaring that the word had a territorial application and no other. The power to tax, he said, is for practical use and is necessarily to be adapted to the practical conditions of human life. These are never the same for any two persons, and as applied to any community, however small, are in¬ finitely diversified. Regard being paid to them, nothing is more evident, nothing has oftener declared by courts and jurists than that absolute equality of taxation is impossible, as is charac¬ terized in an opinion of this court, on¬ ly a “baseless dream.” THE BOOKKEEPER SKIPPED. And a Firm of Soap Makers are Out 825 , 000 . For more than seventeen years Charles A. Sturges was head book¬ keeper and cashier for Froetor A Gam¬ ble, soap manufacturers, at Chicago. He is now a defaulter and fugitive from justice. The exact amount of his de¬ falcation will not be given out by the firm whose money he took, but it is said the figures will not fall short of $25, OOP. ___ a hab feels relieved when you cal 1 his sin prevar cition.