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18 THE FACTORY IN THE HOME. HOW THE FARMER MAY GET BET TBK HESII.TS FROM HIS ( OTTOS. Xiie Small Machine* and Hon They 'lay Be Fned—What 1 Being Done in Ollier Countries—Some Faoti That Are Worthy of Careful Con niderallon —Keep (lie Proflla at lloini—A Striking I'reaentatlon of an Interesting Subject. Editor Savannah Morning News:—A pound of cotton, worth 8 cents, when made into plaids, sells for 24 cents; it manufac tured into mercerized cloth it sells for 51.20; if manufactured into nainsook it commands the fabulous price of 56.00, and the more fabulous price of 524.00 If made Into Swiss embroidery inees. As one in terested in cotton planting I a.=k, is there not some way by which the cotton planter can get the benefit of these prices for his cotton, or for certain grades of the staple? It is the purpose of this article to suggest how It may be done, in a large measure, by manufacturing in the home circle the finest cloths that car. be made from cot ton. There lies before me the Electic Magazfr.e of December, ISBB, page 743, which gives a resume of what is being done along this line In other countries, and by your permission. I will give your readers the interesting facts which the magazine has culled from the trade jour nals of the nations doing the largest man ufarturing business. The plan proposes that there shall be introduced a fine ma chine into evety farmer's home that "ill do fine work, weaving the very finest cot ton goods. Two things will be shown; First, that life on a farm is no obstacle to one becoming skillful in operating the machine that makes the fine cloths; sec ond. that small, fine loom* In the homes of the people give a powerful impulse to the building of large factories, and when ever there is the greatest number of large manufactories, there, in the imm-dia'e neighborhood of the factory, are hom-s in which there are fine hand looms and other email machines. Every home, whose chil dren operate small machines, is thus a nursery from which the large factory draws Its future operatives. In many in stances the manufactory furnishes the ootton and the machine, and then at home In their own cottages, the peasants weave the material into muslin on small and fine hand looms. On reading the maga zine referred to it will be seen that everywhere agriculture thrives l>e*t where ft is combined with these little factories in th* homo circle. fac tories hove certain advantages, but the factory at home lias equal advantage*. The large factory in numerous instances has its finest cloths woven in the homes of the farmers. This union of agricul ture and manufacturing: in no new thing. As far back us the middle ages, the cloth worn by the richer classes of the cities, was made on the mediaeval farms, and to thib day the fine Bilks sold in the best Moscow stores, are made by peasants in th*ir homes. The modern hand loom, which is working these great results (for the producer as well as for the wearer of cotton), is a machine as small nnd as pretty as a sewing machine, or a type writing machine. Many rrilk weaving ma chin are made to weave the finer cotton goods. The mercerized cloth is cotton converted into silk, by a chemical process, the formula of which, the writer has. and he thinks the general public should know that it is so simple that any far mer’s wife can make the solution as easily as she can dye a piece of cloth. In Eu rope. capitalists invest their money in these hand looms, and rent them to op eratives for us# in their homes. In some of the large manufacturing cities, the factory has its own large “power looms," and atao lets out to operatives “hand looms.” to be operated at home. When apeaking of “power looms" the large loom used in the factory If what is meant. The manufacture of silk la spreading over Europe, not by the “power looms," but by the increasing number of hand looms In the homes of the people. In England, the number of those employed with these, or similar small machines, equals the number of those employed in the big fac tories. In Leeds and Yorkshire. Ihe fac tory spins the wool, then lets it out to the homes, where it i? woven into the fm broadcloth, and oLher fine woolen goods. Even those most difficult of fine clothp, the imitation sealskins, and The woolen fancy goods, ore made in the homes of the Leeds nnd Yorkshire peas ants. Tiace for embroidery and lace goods In general are in many instances made t the homes of the poor in South Levon, and Oxford, and Belfonl. Several of the great London firms send out material to be woven into cloth in the homes of Sussex and Hampshire. In the evidence given before a committee of the city of London, it is stated that the fine cloth palaces and bazaar* of Lon don an* exhibitions of good* made on the *mall machines In the homes of the com mon people. In France the numl>er of hand loorrns nearly doubles that of the power looms. In Tarare. France, the large factory spins the thread for the finest inusllns, then sends out this prepared ma terial into the homes of the peasantry, where it is woven into muslin that makes the nine cent cotton sell for 60 cents. The same authority says that every farmer’s home, all around Tarare. is a little fac tory’. w’here you often wee a lad, after his day’s work in the field, busy at night em broidering fine muslins, because he likes the work of operating a complex embroid ering machine Cot'on velvets are woven to a very considerable amount in the homes of Nord and Normandy. In the weaving of fine silks the large factory has not been able to compete with the hand loom. In Lyons, France, there were 20,00.) power looms and 90.000 hand looms. There the merchant simply gives to the weaver the d* sign or pattern he wants woven, and there all the finest grades of silks are woven in the homes of the workers. In the handloom manufacture of lace, there are in Normandy 70,000 women em ployed. and in France nearly 200,001. In the knitting trade manufacture around Troycg there eare 20,000 persons using in their homes a great variety of small ma c bines, making knitted goods of every description. Nearly five-sixths of the Paris workers are similarly employed. This form of industry is even more important in Germany, where there are 650,000 per sons engaged In manufacture in their own bouees, and two-third* of them are mak ing testile goods. In the works of Thun. Engel an 1 many oth rs we have excel lent descriptions of several branches of these industries. Hungary, Switzerland and Italy have also very considerable * hand loom” industries in the homes of the operative*. But it is Russia that man ufacturing in the homes of the operative* assumes immense proportions. Out of the 8Q.000.000 population of European Russia, 8,000,000 use* email machines in their homes, and their production reaches the enormous sum of a thousand million dollars every year, while the aggregate income of the home weavers is three times that of tlw* factory operatives. Belgium and Switzer land could be quoted for even more Inter esting illustrations of the small “hand loom” industry. Whether amid the cotton weavers of France, or the eilk weavers of Russia the work of manufacturing In the homes is combined with agriculture, and the fields are kept in better order and the numbers of live stock raised are higher. Every new Industry calls Into ex istence another, l'or Instance, the large factory creates a greater demand for wood, en bobbins and reels. Httd In Europe thous ands of men manufacture them by hand at home and finish them with small ma chines. The factory- In the home thrives because of the great variety’ of-the stufTs woven, and the great demand for new de signs, but a change from the old patterns cannot be so profitably made on the large "power looms.” The more we have of new patterns made, by the home weaver, the more we shall have of the drier Industries, and the more c have of such industries the more we shall have of Inventive genius among the people at large. What mostly characterizes the Paris Industries Is the Immense variety of Inexpensive machines, which are Invented every year by the weaver* themselves to facilitate produc- The Most Wholesome . iVhlskey Is, without /ge: question. a straight, X HAND - MADE POFR MASH, ail who have kJL been in the habit of usir g * f blsT E ßtb 1 Un,AarTwUirr<. ■ Vjl T lOLDCROW/ VI U n ftmti Rye 1 i'oS’Vlr’,,ji know that it leaves no Jr*s!S? l0 jj 111 effects. It Is made ** ‘W.Kr.:' , i and sold the same as in sgl-—ISM. H. B. KIRK & CO., Sole Bottlers, S. Y. S. GUCKENHEIMER’S SONS, Distributors, Savannah, Ga. tion. Around St. Petersburg, . Lyons, Avignon, Dresden and Vienna small ma chine* in the home* are operated by cur rent from current water wheels that float on the surface of creeks and branches, the wheels so simple any carpenter can make them, as may be seen in Scientific* j American supplement Nov. 15, 1884, page j 7,387. As the writer will not receive a dol- i lar of commission on sales parties writing for further information will please inclose postage. I hope the subject will commend itself as worthy of consideration. John E. Amos. Milledgeville, Ga. THE PORT ROYAL STATION. Some of the Hensons Why It Sh/>nl7 Not He Removed. Editor Morning News: An amendment to the naval appropriation bill was passed during the last days of the armor plate fight, which proposes the abandonment of the navy yard at Port Royal, S. C., wdth its mammoth dock, brick and steel machine shops, wharves, storehouses, bar racks, hospitals, officers’ quarters and numerous other buildings. The act now provides that the SSOO.(XX) which the bill, as first framed, set aside for the further improvements at Port Royal, shall be used for building another similar plant at Charleston, if ihe Secre tary of <he Navy shall see fit. There is rottenness behind this proposi tion—astounding to those w'ho know the facts—at this lime we will pass over the cunning political trickery', and the slick manipulations by which certain Charles ton commercial interests secured the pass age of this measure. But we call at tention to the fact, that the chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks addressed to the Secretary of the Navy a letter which expresses and urges Charleston’s claims and which was sent to the Senate Com mittee on Naval Affairs with the Secre tary's Indorsement. It may' not be surprising that the Secre tary accepted without question the facts as stated by* his chief of bureau, but, un fortunately, he thereby gave currency to a misrepresentation absolutely false In detail end in its general impression. We will take up the leading statements one by one and show' the shallowness of the grounds taken for this move: I. "The dry dock was constructed in 1894-’95 at a cost of $449,437.09, and there has been expended upon the body of the dock over $25,000 for repairs." Four of the live erther timber docks have cost from $9,000 to SBO,OOO per year for repairs as compared with Port Roy al’s Average of 15,000. As to the original cost of the dock—lt was less than for any' other dock the government has built since 1833; moreover, it is one of the largest docks on ©l4 her coast. 2. "Its history, for a period beginning even before its completion, has been a series of accidents in the way of failure of porfions of the structure * * * it is now in such condition that a satisfac tory rebuilding in concrete or stone, or both, necessary to render it entirely' safe, will involve the expenditure of such n large sum of money as to bring its costs to about $1,000,000. • •*•••••* First, as to the “series of accidents in the* way of failure of portions of the structure.” Wishing to get official in formation. we requested the Secretary of the Navy to give us access to all the facts relating to this dock. The request was granted, and we make the following statement upon the results of our inves tigation: No structural weaknesses of any mate rial consequence have developed since the acceptance of the dock by the govern ment. The accidents have been slight, easily repaired and in no way dangerous to the integrity of any important element of the dock. The foundation of the Tort Royal dock Is of ex4raordinnry firmness, and bears without any perceptible give the weight of the heaviest battleships. *•••••••• Next—“lt la now in such a condition," etc. It is now in such a condition as to render it entirely safe to dock therein any vessel of the navy. When the Indiana was sent to the dock at Halifax, and 'hie ■trained, she might have been safely docked at Port Royal, S. C. • ••*•*• Again as to the rebuilding of the dock in stone and concrete. Although this iw at pre-Kent the most valuable timber dock on the coast, the Importance of its situation, as the only dock from Hatteras to Flori da. demands that it should lx* given the permanency which stone will afford. The cost of such rebuilding we are told “will involve the expenditure of such n large sum of money as to bring Its cost to about $1.0(10.000.” But this is not "such a large sum" for a concrete dock enl irged as is proposed in the plans for rebuilding The cost of the masonry docks now ow ned by the government was os follows: Boston * 072.717 21 Norfolk 9*r,-7*>o New York %m.m <ls Mare Island 2,172 0? The original cost of the Port Royal dock was Jdt9.437.09. which, with the SsO.bOn i dltional asked for, making a total of J9;9.- 427.09. will build a .lock longer, wider an I deeper than the largest of the above. In the 1899 reports the department congrat ulates Itself that the contracts for ma sonry docks to be built at Boston and Portsmouth have been let under most fav orable conditions for the government end that they are to cost 11,013,400 and 41,039,- 000, res|>ectively. lttls astonishing that the depart men I S' riously considers abandoning the Port Royal' dock rather than to rebuild It lrl concrete on splendid foundation at n comparatively small expense, and in the same breath proposes spending double the sum in the experiment of buildings a dock somewhere "at or near the city .of Charleston.” 3. “During the year the Mayor of the city of Charleston suggested the proprie ty of transferring the naval station to that city, from Port Royal, stating among other thing*, the faciMtleo for transport t tk>n to the interior, the proximity of a largo com me rid a l city, the convenience o? obtaining at all times skilled lol>or of ull classes, ond abundance of fresh wa ter, etc., advantages which are lacking at Port Royal.” That Charleston’# Mayor painted his city’s facilities in glowing colors Is nat ural. hut that this chief of bureau coutd In the face of the facts, add "advantages which are lacking at Port Royal,” can only be explained by the fact that he l either Ignorant of or misrepresenting the „ . ,A.t\)U- Trsn,,nrtntton. The Port Royal naval station la 2V4 mtlee below the terminus of the Charles ton anw Western Carolina Railroad, and THE MORNING NEWS: SUNDAY, JUNE 17, 1900. in regular, constant and convenient wavr communication with seid terminal. The railroad delivers freight on the station wharves and has published through rates from all shipping points in the country. Savannah and Charleston steamers touch at the naval station, and during the last two years, a steamer from the town of Beaufort has mede a round trip morning and evening. Moreover the government has surveyed a feasible and cheap route for a railroad spur, and has under consid eration an estimate for the building of this road, which presents no engineering difficulties. The department should know that the sites proposed in Charleston har or ore farther distant from h railroad than Fs the naval station at Port Royal. “Proximity of Large Commercial tlty.” This advantage is doubtless intended to supply the want expressed in the next phrase, "convenience of obtaining at all time, skilled labor of all classes." Skilled labor of ail classes cannot be obtained at al! times in the city of Charleston. It is not a manufacturing town and there are only a few factories or machine shops there; and it would be as difficult to get the men employed iu them to leave a reg ular job for temporary work as it is else where. The trouble at Port Royal has been to get work for skilled mechanics to do. There have always been more applications for work on file than could be accepted. Mechanics In Savannah, Augusta. Charleston, Norfolk and Wilmington have been only too anxious to snap up anything like a permanent job at Port Royal. ••An Aliuntlttuee of Fresli Water.” Port Royal has an artesian well of great capacity and the water is of excellent quality. As many more wells can be driv en as may be necessary. Is it imagined Dial water is going to bubble up in gen erous quantities at the few possible sites in Charleston harbor? \lt does not bubble now and it is difficult to see how water could be supplied to the site oftenest men tioned. unless it should be piped under the harbor from rhe city. The questions of transportation, labor and fresh water present no unusual dif ficulties at Port Royal, and there is no guarantee that they would be better solved "at or near" the little city of Charleston, with Its population of 25,000 whites. 4. "To remain at Port Royal will in volve a very heavy expenditure in the immediate future, probably without in creasing the facilities or efficiency of the station to a satisfactory standard. The commnndnnt of ihe station in his last an nual report, recommends appropriations aggregating $1,964,469, not taking into con sideration the rebuilding of the dock." The efficiency of the plant to-day is such that it can dock any ship in the navy and make all ordinary repairs; and there is no reason to suppose that any expenditure applied to Port Royal w'ould accomplish less than if applied to some site in Charleston harbor. Glance over the sums asked for this year by commandants of some of the long-established yards, which have had the benefit of government appropriations for over half a century. New' York $3,199,000 Boston 2.083,000 League Island 2.333,860 Norfolk 2,450,0' 0 If these old yards are to get from two to three millions to grow on. what is as tonishing in the recommendations for a little less than two millions for the build ing of a yard which is yet in its youth? 5. "To make the Port Royal sration ac cessible for the larger vessels of the navy would Involve a very large outlay for dredging.” This outlay has been nearly expended and the deepening of the chan nel is all but accomplished. 6. "It Is true that there is deeper water at -the entrance of Port Royal sound than at the entrance to Charleston harbor, but the controlling depth at the present time is the same In both, twenty-one feet in mean low water, but at Charleston this rules for a. distance of only 700 feet be tween the sea and the city, whilst at Port Royal it occurs at several points and over a large total distance unless a very' tortu ous course is followed." It would be difficult to formulate a statement which, while containing some semblance of a fact, would give so false and misleading an impression as the above. It is absurd to compare the ribbon of a channel, leading through a vast ex panse of shifting quicksand, which con stitutes the entrance to Charleston har bor, with (he magnificent channel of Port Royal sound. The former channel was obtained by artificial means, after the ex penditure of many millions, and can be maintained only by consmot dredging. 7. "In 1898 the War Department formu lated anew project for the improvement of the navigation into Charleston harbor, designed to attain a depth of twenty-six fecr at mean low water between the sea and the deep water of the harbor, w’hich its engineers report entirely feasible.” The above misrepresents the facts. The project "for the improvement of the navigation into Charleston harbor" was formulated in 1878. Notice the phrase—" Which (a project for a 26-foot channel) is engineers report tn irely feasible.” The chief of engineers (f the United States army saya “a great er channel depth at the entrance to Charleston harbor is both possible and de sirable." "Possible” does not mean ‘en tirely feasible,” and "a greater channel depth" than now obtains does not mean "a depth of 26 feet at mean low water." Says the "division engineer, southeast di vision. "It is not impossible, however,that a channel 26 feet deep can be made and maintained by dredging alone. If 11 be found however, that such dredged chan nel could not be maintained by dredging alone, (hen the jetties should be extend ed.” "However" they only surmise as to what will "be found ’—they state contin gencies and estimate the cost of the ex periment at $2,408 552. Says the report quoted above*—"Once during this summer (1898) a transport lay off this (Charleston) harbor for days, and troops were taken out to it by small steamers." This tranport was the Yale and the of ficial record give her draught as 23 feet. "'lhe least sounding on Port Royal bar was found io bo 30 feet" said Capt. Bob Evans when lie brought in the Indiana. Any one informed of such matters will affirm that the natural harbor at Port Royal is incomparably the superior of the artificial harbor which the national gov ernment is trying at great expense to se cure for Charleston. *•••••••• We have In brief covered the position COFFEE COMPLEXION. Hinny*' I ndie* Have Poor Complexion* from Coffee. "Coffee caused dark colored blotches on my face and body. I had been drink ing it for a long while and these blotches gradually appeared, until finally they be came permanent and were about as dark as coffee itself. "I formerly had as fine a complexion as one could ask for. "When I became convinced that coffee was the cause of my trouble. I changed and took to using Postum Cereal’ Food Coffee, and as 1 made it well, according to directions, I liked it very much, and have since that time used it entirely in place of coffee. "1 am thankful to say 1 am not nervous any more, as I was when I was drinking coffee, and my complexion is now as fair and good us i was years ago. It is very p'aliT that the coffee caused the trouble. Please omit my name from public print.” Mm. . JOSI Oflpden Avc., Chicago, HI. The name of this lady can be given by the. Postum Cereal Cos., Ltd., Battle Creak, Mich. Most bad complexions are caused by some disturbance of the stomach and coffee is th- greatest disturber of diges tion known. Almost any woman can have a fair complexion if she will leave off coffee and use Postum Food Coffee and nutritious, healthy food in proper quan tity. The food coffee furnishes certain pans of <he natural grains from the field that nature used to rebuild the nerv ous system and when that is in good condition, one can depend upon a good complexion as well ns u general healthy condition of the body. One Little Wrinkle <** Shoulder. HEN’S CLOTHING. Now is the time when you feel the full discomfort of mis-fit clothing that drags all the weight of the coat from one little wrinkle of the shoulder. It’s all in the way the shoulder is cut and shaped; and the only way to get the comfortable, cool cut and shape is either to pay your tailor a half more or double or to buy your clothes rea: y-made at a store where such things are looked out for.' This labor and planning cost more money than most clothiers are willing to invest. Big as our business is, we could not afford to put the amount of style and fit into our clothes if our makers were not also makers for a dozen others of the best dealers in other large cities. Look at our Suits To-morrow===The $25 onee are now $18.75, the $lB ones are now $13.50, the sls ones are now $11.25, the sl2 ones are now $9, and the $7.50 ones are now $5.62. They come in the }- and 4-button sack style, in Worsteds Cheviots and Cassimeres; a big variety from the large pronounced plaids to the little check, an assortment comprising every worthy, stylish pattern. I KEEP COOT. IN SUMMER FLANNELS AND SERGES—OUTING CAPS AND YACHT CAPS; best sorts: plenty tol ■ Prices range from $7.50 to SIB.OO. select from, from 50c up. ?>. u I NEGLIGEE SI HUTS, at correct prices. We are not del I gTRAW HATS AT REDUCED PRICES. The fashion this ceivmg anyone as others are doing. Our SI.OO shirts! I year is small brimß . There's plenty of that kind here are no, worth they are well worth what we ask| 9 J t 63c, 75c; the $1.50 ones were $2.00; the 1.13 ones and that* little enough; m fancy madras exclusive! ] were $1.50, etc. Panama Hats, made like the soft, m new.-s. colorings. hantUmade button holes! | J a t, alpine at vie: also in straight brims at $2.63. attached and detached cnfis, SI.OO each; other kinds! R worth $5 00 (CRASH SUITS FOR MAN AND CHILD, and other thin! things made up so they hold their shape as well asl One Plain SAVANNAH' — *0 taken by the adm nis:ration in this mat ter and must conclude that the secretary of the navy has been misinformed. It is certainly stonishing that ho could in dorse tl}© letter in question as presenting "cogent considerations" for the practical abandonment of a naval station which l-at cost the government $2,000,000, and which is in excellent condition and capable of performing the work for which it was in tended. Beaufort Commit ee on Naval Stations. PHILADELPHIA (Oi MT\(. PROFITS Tlie City of Brotherly Love Figuring; What the Convention I* Worth. Philadelphia North American. The convention managers estimate that 250.000 visitors will be in the city for four days next week. With this number as a basis, the statis ticians have been at work. The suite of rooms to be occupied by the National Committee will cost S9OO a day. Many other suites have been engaged at SIOO a day, and from that down to 410 a day. Thousands of people, however, will limit their room rent to $1 a day. A conserva tive estimate places the average per per son at $2 a day. Consequently, the landlords and land ladies of Philadelphia will enjoy an in come of $500,000 a day for four days. To tal, $2,000,000. Expert caterers agree that the average cost of food per person may be conserva tively placed at $2. Thousands of the big politicians will pay S2O apiece for dinner, but more will pay sl. This glvee a total of half a million per day for food. Grand total, $2,000,000. The estimate of $1 a person for liquid refreshment is low, according to old cam paigners. Total for liquids, $1,000,000. Cigar dealers will reap a harvest’of at least $300,000. Street car companies will gather in nickels to the amount of $250,000. In feeding the multitude the butchers’ share will be about $5(30.000. The bakers will receive $250,000. The farmers and commission merchant* will get $500,000 for eggs, butter and vege* tables. The grocers will receive $250,000. and the remaining half-million will be divided be tween the tea and coffee merchants, the fruiters and Ice cream makers. —. ♦ * f" MO7.LEY’S LEMON ELIAIII. REGULATES TUB LIVER, STOMACH, ROWELS AND KIDNEYS. For biliousness, constipation, and ma laria. For indigestion, sick and nervoua head ache. For sleeplessness, nervousness, heart failure, and nervous prostration. For fever, chills, debility and kidney dis eases take Lemon Elixir. Indies, for natural and thorough organic regulation, take Umon Elixir. 50c and II at druggists. Prepared only by Dr. H. Mozley, At lanta, Ga. GR tTITIDE. Dr. H. Mozley—Dear Sir: Since using your Demon Elixir I have never had an other altack of those fearful sick head aches. ond thank God that I have at last found a medicine that will cure thoau aw ful spells. Mrs. Etta W. Jones. Parkersburg, W. Va. MOBLEY'S LEMON ELIXIR. I suffered with Indigestion and dysentery for two long years. I heard of Lemon Elixir; got it; taken seven bottles and am now a well man. Harry Adams. No. 1734 First avenue, Birmingham, Ala. MOZLEY *9 LEMON ELIXIR Cured my husband, who was afflicted for years with large ulcers on Ills leg, and was cured after using two hollies; and curd friend whom the doctors had giv en up to die. who had suffered for yea is with Indigestion und nervous prostration. Mrs. E. A. Bcvll.e, Woodstock, Ala. A CARD. For nervous and slrk headaches. Indi gestion, biliousness and constipation (of which 1 have been a gicat sufferer) 1 have never found a medicine that would give aucii pleasant, prompt and permanent te lle! as IJr. H. Mosley's Lemon Elixir. J. P. Sawtell. Grtftln, Qa., publisher Morning Call.—ad, MILITARY MEN AND AFFAIRS. TIIB SAD FATE OF TWO PRO WI NE NT SOLDIERS. Some Mistakes That Have Often Been Corrected—Gen. Gordon nt the Louisville Reunion—A Refer ence to the Commander of the Grand Army of Ihe Re pah lie—An Incident in (he Wur Career of Col. 11. W. Wren n—Oilier Matters of General Interest. Pine Crest Villa, Maitland, F!a., June 16.—This city was named in honor of Capt. William S. Maitland of the United States army, who was a gallant soldier in the war against the Seminole Indians in this section of Florida. Being wound ed and in poor health, he was given a leave of absence to go North, but owing to a convivial nature, he imbibed too much at times, and this occurred while the vessel he was a passenger on entered Charleston (S. C.) harbor, where he fell overboard and was drowned. I am reminded of this sad fact by a similar case recorded in Maj. Hugh Mc- Qall’s narartive of the siege of Savannah. Lieut. Col. Maitland of the Seventy-first British Regiment of Scots, and also a member of Parliament, was a hard drink er, and at the close of the siege he in dulged his appetite for strong drink until he went into convulsions and died in Sa vannah. Thus two very gallant officers of the same name, but of different na tions and armies, fell victims to that de stroyer of so many bright intellects and happy homes—"strong drink." Not many weeks ago I stood in the midst of the graves of 16,000 Union sol diers buried in the National Cemetery on the famous Marye’s Hights, at Fred ericksburg, Va., and also visited the houses in which Gen. "Stonewall" Jack son and Gen. Thomas R. R. Cobb died from their wounds. Looking out over the valley beneath Marye’s Hights my eye rook in a scope of territory where some 200,000 brave soldiers, pitted against each other, fell in battle or were wounded. And where, in all the world’s history, can be found another spot with such a bloody record? Take all our other wars and combine their fatalities and how insignifi cant is the sum total when compared with the above record. Note, for exam ple, the Invasion of Georgia by the Span ish forces under Gen. Don Manuel *de Monteano. He had only about 5,000 troops —negroes, mulattoes, Indians, marines, sailors and Florida militia. Gen. Ogle thorpe. who defeated him, had less than HOO troops—lndians, militia. rangers and his own regiment, and yet In those days, a battle of that magnitude was considered a great affair and madj heroes of the chief actors. My prediction In regard to the attend ance of Confederate generals at the Louis ville reunion, seems to have been sustain ed. Aslle from those living near. I'ko Gen. Basil W. Duke. Gen. H. R. Lyon, Gen. W. B. Bate, anti the officers of the organization, only two or three were pres ent. The Courier-Journal published daily a big illustrated edition, and in one Issue I appeared what was headel as the "Entire List of Surviving Generals.” .Unfortu nately, it Is not on "entire list," and many errors appear in the names. Gen. G. M. Sorrel, is Sorrell; Gen. J. H. Forney, Is Foray; Gen. George H. Steuart, Is Stuart; Gen. G. P. Wright, of Griffin, Gn., long since dead. Is G. T. W.; Gen. T. F. Toon, is Yoon; Gen. Forney Is located at Jcni fee. not Jenifer, Ala., and Gen. S. G. French, at Winter Park, instead of Pen sacola. Fla.; Gen. Alfred Cummlng of Augusta, lu Cummings; Gen. George T "Old Tlge" Anderson, Is G. Y. A.; Gen. T. L. Rosser. Is K. T. R ; Gen, Alfred Iverson, of Kissimmee, Fla., lien. Will- Ham Phillips of Marietta, Ga., Gen. Bryun M. Thomas, (West Pointer), of Dalton, Ga., and several other living generals, ore left out. Col. 8. Herbert Lartcey of this cltv, special aide to Commander-In-Chief Al bert D. Shaw, of the Grand Army of the Republic, him Just received a letter from Gen. Shaw In regard to the proposed Blue and Gray Reunion In the old war trenches around Atlanta, on July 2<). In which be expresses himself as delighted at the pros, peet of again meeting the old Confederates in Atlanta. His previous official visit there was made the occasion of a grand reception by the Confederate camps, and the General's responses were full of hearty and sincere sentiment of fraternity. When he comes again in July, the reception will be a grand ovation. Col Lnncey and other Southern members of his staff, will join Gen. Shaw* in . Atlanta, and it is quite certain that there will be a big crowd of Grand Army veterans present to swap war yarns with the Confederate veterans. Gen. Shaw is the most popular command er-in-chief the Grand Army has ever had, except Gen. John A. Logan, who was the. Gen. J. B. Gordon of the old Union sol diers. and his recent.addresses in the South were so full of sincere sentiments of fra ternity and comradeship, that he has be come equally popular with the old Con federates. It seems impossible to correct an error that once gets before the public. The Louisville and Nashville Railroad Issued a handsome publication, "The Man in Gray," for the Confederate reunion in Louisville, and yet it repeats the error about Gen. Jubai Early, long since dead, that he would be at the re-union. It also states that Gen. Beauregard’s daughter, deceased many years, would be there. Probably the granddaughter, Miss Laren <lon, was the person that should have been thus mentioned. Henry J. Elliot, of Mississhsippi. is referred to as postmas tre general of the Confederate States in February, 186'). I always supposed this honor belonged to Hon. John H. Reagan, of Texas, the now' sole survivor of Presi dent Davis’ cabinet. My impression is that Hen. Stephen It. (not L.) Mallory, of Florida, secretary of the navy, and Mr. Reagan, were the only cabinet officers who held their positions throughout the war. The state and war departments saw many changrs, while the treasury depart ment had two. "The Man in Gray" also says Gen. Hood’s son, who is lighting with the Boers, would be at the reunion, if he got home in t me. It Is true that Col. Hood foughi in the Cuban war, but not with or against the Boers in Africa. It was "Our Gallant Gordon’’ who, at the Louisville reunion, when one dissent ing voice was heard in the vote of thanks to Gen. Dan Sickles, said it was the bullets of his soldiers at Gettysburg, that shot away Gen. Sickles’ leg. and he hoped never to hear a Southern soldier oppoee sending a fraternal greeting to a brave Northern soldier. Nor does Gen. Gordon stand alone in this genuine spirit of r<: conciliation. Duellists have said that they felt greater respect for men whom they had shot at on the so-called "Field of Honor," but gallant soldiers feel a nobler 1 sensation in regard to the bravo men j they- have wounded In battle. Gen. Dan Butterfield of New York, is always proud to introduce to his friends, Col. B. W. i Wrenn of the Plant System, as the gallant j young fellow his troops wounded on Lookout Mountain in the famous battle above the clouds. Wrenn was in the sig nal corps at that time, having gone into the service from Virginia while very young. Col. John S. Fairhead, of Jack sonville, the department commander of the Grand Army of the Republic of Flor ida. is just home from Louisville, where the Confederates gave him a most cordi il welcome. Talking over old war scenes, he told a group of Boys In Gray about rush ing out of his shelter and bringing In a wounded Confederate during a batt’e. Suddenly one of ttrn group Jumped up and exclaimed, "My God, I am the man." and grabbing Col. Fairhead in-his arms, be hug-god him wi h all his might. And y.et such scenes often occur when the Blue and the Gray meet and talk over old war scenes. Sidney Herbert. CHI IMF SB VOTED WKOXG WAY. An-trnllnn Dnllots Untitled Them Inside Down and Their Employer Lost the Mayoralty. John R. Rathom in the Chicago Tlmes- Heraltl. In the early fifties when what Is now the Australian colony of Victoria was the Mecca for many of the gold hunters of the world "a tent town," called Ballatat, now a beautiful and thriving city, grew up like a mushroom In The night. Ballarat men were prosperous and the wonderful placer mines yielded fortune after fortune till at last the increasing importance of the s (tlemfnt dt mantled some sort of cr ganisatlon In the government of its local uffair#. I* or a year a "law an<l order corps” ?i body of men formed for the same pur poses ami very similar In every way to the old California Vigilance Committee liad exercised the only authority that the place hail ever known. Hut the min ers wanted something more advanced,and n Wits finally decided to elect a Mayor for six months, "just to see how It went," and to give the man chewen for the posl- lion pow* r to decide on the number of municipal officers he wanted to help him with his administration. Then they would nominate and elect enough people to fill the places. The story of the way the first Mayor of Ballarat carried his election forms a unique incident in the history of the vote by ballot, and, as it has never appeared in print, may be worth the telling. There were two candidates for the place, Edward Warburton, a Scotch min ing engineer, and Evan Tomlinson, called by the irreverent “Smooth Tommy.“ Both men w re wealthy, and each was popular in the community, but Tomlinson had tl e advantage of b ing a born politic ian. There were about 3,200 white men in the settlement, and in addition to these Ballarat had its Chinatown up on one of the hills, with a population of 800. The spirit of democracy was very strong among the cosmopolitan crowd of miners. Tomlinson had figured out that the vote for Mayor would probably be very closely divided between himself and his oppo nent, and as three-fourths of the Chi nese were working on claims owned by hints. If and his brother, he made up his mind that the only way to make his elec tion c riain was to get the consent of the ‘ free and inde endent*’ to a proposition to allow the Celestials to cast their ballots with ihe whites^ Warburton and his supporters, realizing that such a concession would mean a crushing defeat, fought hard against the idea, but “Smooth Tommy" had the ear of the members of the law and order corps, who were running the prelimina ries, and Warburton’s piotests were over ruled. Jimmy Barrett, a roustabout speculator, was installed as clerk of election. The ballot boxes were five old-fashioned leath er portmanteaus, with slits in the side*, and the ballots were small printed slips of this character:' Tomlinson .. . | | Warburton | | Election day came The Chinese were well in hand and had been thoroughly drilled Into what they had to do. Tom linson had explained carefully through their interpreters that every man. in or d r to vole the right way, would have to mark a cross inside the square following the top name on the card. The Interpre ters were very particular in impressing the “top name" idea on their men, and they understood the lesson thoroughly. Each voter was to approach the table on which the portmanteaus sat. In full view of the crowd, and on being handed his ballot by Barrett was to deposit it after making his cross. Some of Warburton's long-headel friends had found out all the in structions to the Chinese, and they got at Mr. Barrett and bought that gentle man, body and boots, to help them carry nut a lit He plot that tiny had devised for the b neflt of their candidate. It was very simple. AW that the clerk had to do was to hand out a ticket upside down to every <Ti <iman who came along to vote, lu was a slim chance that the conspira tors were depending on—simply the belief that the Chinese would carry out their literal Instructions and insert their crosses on what they beli *ved was the top square of the card. That the sejuare appeared oft the left hand side of the name would probably strike the Chinese voters as be ing perfe tly natural, according to their own method of penmanship. Barrett ful filled his part of the contract In a very thorough manner. Tre Tomlinson adherents who had watched nearly 8K) Chinamen march up to the polls and seemingly carry out their promises thought that the election wa as good as settled, anti many of them were making merry ov> r the prospect In the tent saloons along the Ballarat ten derloin long before the polls were closed. Their Joy was short lived. YVarburton was elected by a majority of nearly 70) vote's- *av and by his oppon nfs own labor ers. Old mirers say that after the result was deolareel and when Tomlinson found out ail about the "double cress, or rath er the single cross, that had been worked on him, 1.0 walked up The hill to China town and, standing among the shack* of his almond-eyed vassals, read the riot act to them with fiery eloquence. Even whn he called them "dund'r-headed bll herlng Vongoii n :dl ts" they smiled i nelly and were unmoved. He might as well have been talking Gaelic for all they understood. That was the lust that lla’larat or Aus tralia ever heatd of the Chinese suffrage prop all lon.