Newspaper Page Text
6
FARM, GARDEN
AND HOUSEHOLD
By S. A. COOK.
Poultry “Keeping.”
Every state and county fair year by
year gives some little impetus to im
proved poultry keeping Jn the South.
People of all sorts attend the fairs,
and there see the finest specimens of
various breeds of chickens. A good
many of these, carried away by the
fine show of fowls and by the wonder
ful statements of those who have them
for sale, either buy some of the fowls
on the spot or return home with minds
made up to embark in poultry raising
just as soon as possible. There are
two distinct kinds of poultry keeping.
One where eggs and chickens are rais
ed for eating purposes and the other
for the purpose of raising fowls and
eggs for breeding purposes. The latter
are to be sold at fancy prices—prices
that foitoid either being used as food.
The one kind of poultry keeping has
been carried on by farmers and farm
ers’ wives ever since they began to
farm. It was a very small side issue
to the main business, but it amount
ed to enough in the aggregate to sup
ply the mass of the people with chick
ens and eggs that they could afford
to eat. Whether it was very profitable
to the individual raiser, it nevertheless
put upon the market frying size chick
ens at 10 to 20 cents and eggs at from
10 to 25 cents per dozen, according to
season. It would appear that the ma
jority of farmers care little for eggs
and ehickens as food. At any rate,
they sell pretty much all they man
age to raise to the city and town peo- j
Pie.
At the best, there is never any great !
sum realized by the farmer and his '
•wife, but whatever it is it helps con
siderably in providing tea, coffee, med
icine, etc.
Up to the present time it has been
the only source of supply for the non
producer and consumer. Without this
supply our tables would be quite desti
tute of eggs and chickens. The time
is approaching, though, when commer
cial poultry raising will probably sup
ply to some extent the demand for
"broilers"—fryers we should say, prob
ably.
But the poultry keeping that inspires
the visitor to the fairs is of that kind
denominated ’fancy," where fine birds
are to be raised to bring fancy prices.
They are to be raised to meet the de
mand from others that become in
spired later on to go Into the business.
One in twenty perhaps will establish a
reputation in the business and be able ’
to sell all the eggs they raise at $2
per dozen and trio of fowls at $lO
to sls.
It takes at least three or four years
to establish a good business in fancy
poultry—that is, a business that will
Justify it as an exclusive business oc
cupation, suspectible of yielding a good
income. There are many ups and
downs in the business. It is one that
requires the utmost regard for details,
for the highest display of energy,
watchfulness and fore-slghtedness. A
man or woman can easier be a good
money lender and many other things
than a good, first-rate poultry keeper.
There must be a suitable location for
the purpose. There must be perfect
provision for pure water all the time,
for the utmost cleanliness that will
forestall disease and insects of all
kinds. There must be proper mating
fo insure fertile eggs—one male to six
females.
The roosting place of the laying
fowls must be warm, protected from
all cool winds. These fowls must be
fed on egg-producing food, such as
whoie wheat, with a small ration of
parched corn. They must not be over
sur'fett 86 thCy W, “ gCt to ° fat Never
The beginner without any expert- 1
ence will have much to learn from his
own observation.
The nests for setting hens should be
made on moist soil to begin with—a
little straw or chaff on the soil. Put
only as many eggs in nest as hen will
cover easily-usually thirteen.
l e ' v da ys before hatching time
rnh n p ? l,Bht, y with sulphur or
hen Vhta’Jm . breaat fathers of the
hen This w 111 insure chicks free from
Plnin Culture'.
Plums stand next In importance to
apples as an orchard crop, but are
not cultivated as extensively as they
ought to be, says the Epltomlst. The
culture of plums has not extended,
hut has positively declined. Plums are
not difficult to cultivate, and they are
among the hardiest of our orchard
fruits. Renewed interest in this fruit
has been awakened by the introduc
tion of choice Japanese and other for
?h*V a J! eUe * and by a realization of
ltU h nf d ne * B and other valuable qual
ities of our native sorts. There are
Th!£ v , ariet,e " " under cultlvatto£
There is a variety suited to almost
? nd,tlo r of e'lniate In the Unit
hl.ti, and a " klnda of " 0118 from
clays to the lighter sands. Do-
G, cen Gage. Lombard.
Bradshaw and lellow Egg Damsons
known and a?c*,tilHlgh
ly prized for home use. although the
fruit is considered of Inferior quality
Japanese vurieties including Abunl
K*e'ir l! '.^!i Urbarik ' H< “ d Jun ' > ' Chabol.
Kerr and many other varieties differ
widely from those commonly grown in
America. The majority of plums MS
"®'. w • "nd "lost of them set
no fruit at all unless two or three va
rieties are mixed in the orchard. The
trouble is. that the blossoms of most
varieties do not pollinate (or fertilize)
themselves. one must be pollinated
rrom the blossoms of some other kind;
an;’ kind of plum which blossoms at
the same time will answer for the pol
lination of any given variety. Many
varieties prefer a heavy soil, while
° <ber may 1* grown on light sandy
soil. Taking all varieties Into consid
eration, the best soil for plums Is a
loose, deep gravelly soil with an open
subsoil such as Is suited for apples or
potatoes, although almost any soli
may be used, provided It Is well drain
ed. When setting out, strong yearlings
give the best satisfaction with most
vurieties, but with Domestlcas and
Damsons, 2-yenr-old tree* are best.
Spring is the best time for setting, but
If the work Is done by one who knows
how to plum the trees, fsll planting
will do. Trees should be set fifteen
feet apart each way with all varieties.
Wept Burbank, which should be
twenty feet or more, A good method
for pruning young trees when set In
the ori hard, is to prune the top to a
straight whip, and rut the whip back
to two or three feet, this dtqwnds on
the variety and the strength of the
young tree. Doting the summer a
lumber of side branches are grown
<*t front the sides of tbs straight
stalk; from four to six of the most
desirable of these are well distributed
around the trunk and allowed to
grow, while the remainder are to be
taken off. At the last of August or
early in September cut off the tops
of these branches to stop growth and
harden them. Remove all suckers as
they first appear. In the spring of the
second year, prune all branches back
to a length of six to eighteen Inches,
but this depends on the vigor of the
tree—the weaker the tree the more
closely it is shortened in. One to three
new branches are allowed to grow, on
each primary branch, and are handled
In the same manner as they were the
preceding year. When treated this
way, the tree is usually in bearing
condition at the end of the second
year, and should give a moderate crop
of fruit the third year. Cultivation
should be given between the trees ev
ery spring until the middle of the
summer, and then seeded to some cov
er crop, or the weeds allowed to grow.
Mulching with straw, march hay, etc.,
are preferable to cultivation, as
mulched trees have given a superior
quality and size of fruit. Many use
a two-horse spring-tooth cultivator
and a five and a half foot disk for
cultivating while the trees are small,
and a one-horse fine-toothed cultivator
when the trees have grown too large
for the two-horse tools. The use of
these tools keeps the surface soil loose
and fine. Where exposed to winds or
sloping so as to be in danger of wash
ing, oats or rye sown in August is a
good preventive. Oats are the best as
the rye is hard to kill in the spring by
shallow cultivatiofi. Barnyard manure
should be applied to the soil every
year, and wood ashes may be applied ,
with advantage to soil deficient in .
lime. By thinning the varieties, a !
finer fruit can be secured and this pre- |
vents deterioration of the size of the :
fruit from year to year. Thinning does i
not increase the total yield of plums, j
but heavy thinning reduces the total |
yield materially. Thinning does not :
pay where the market does not dis- j
criminate in price between medium i
sized and large plums, unless the trees
decidedly overbear. Black knot can j
be controlled by prompt removal with ;
a pruning knife as soon as seen. The
brown rot or ripe rot of the fruit
which comes on as the fruit is ripen
ing is controlled by heavily spraying
the trees with a solution of copper
sulphate, just as the buds are begin
ning to swell in the spring and before
the leaves put out, and with Bordeaux
mixture after the blossoms fall. All
diseased leaves, fruits and twigs ;
should be gathered and burned. For ;
the plum curcullo, jarring, spraying j
with Paris green, and growing enough (
plums for both curcullo and horticul- ,
turist are good. Picking and market
ing plums should be done as soon as |
they are well colored and some va
rieties even earlier. An eight-pound
grape basket is a good package for lo
cal market purposes, but for shipment
the six-pound basket carrier is best.
Late plums usually bring the best
prices.
About Breed* of Hor*e.
On this subject, Henry Wallace gives
the following useful Information;
The thoroughbred horse is the run
ning horse, the race horse, and has
been bred for making high speed on a
run for a short distance, and is, there
fore. quite distinct from the standard
bred horse..
The standard-bred horse is the
trotting and pacing horse, which is a
composite breed in which thorough
bred or running blood forms a lead
ing feature. The studbook of this
breed has the distinct merit of being
based largely on performances, as
shown by the following rules:
1. The progeny of a registered
standard trotting horse and a regis
tered standard trotting mare.
2. A stallion sired by a registered
standard trotting horse, provided his
dam and granddam were sired by
registered standard trotting horses,
and he himself has a trotting record of
2:30 and is the sire of three trotters
with records of 2:30, from different
mares.
3. A mare whose sire Is a registered
standard trotting horse, and whose
dam and granddam were sired by
registered standard trotting horses,
provided she herself has a trotting rec
ord of 2:30 or is the dam of one trotter
with a record of 2:30.
4. A mare sired by a registered
standard trotting horse, provided she
is the dam of two trotters with records
of 2:30.
5. A mare sired by a registered
standard trotting horse, provided her
first, second and third dams are each
sired by a registered standard trotting
horse.
When an animal meets these re
quirements and is duly registered, It
shall be accepted as a standard-bred
pacer.
1. The progeny of a registered stand
ard pacing horse and a registered
standard pacing mare.
2. A stallion sired by a registered
pacing horse, provided his dam and
granddam were sired by registered
standard pacing horses, and he himself
has a pacing record of 2:25, and is the
sire of three pacers with records of
2:25, from different mares.
3. A mare whose sire Is a registered
standard pacing horse and whose dam
and granddam were sired by registered
standard pacing horses, provided she
herself has a pacing record of 2:25, or
is the dam of one pacer with a record
of 2:25.
4. A mare sired by a registered
standard pacing horse, provided she is
the dam of two pacers with records
of 2:25.
5. A mare sired by a registered
standard pacing horse, provided her
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person having this disease, and whether you are In the
first, second or third stage of the terrible scourge The
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can marry, or, being already married, they can have
perfectly healthy children without fear of the disease
breaking out in them. I use a eompound method, con
sisting of a recently discovered European serum and a
specific constitutional treatment. In that way all sores
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Recognised a* tlic family doctor, for I can cure you In your own city
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I. for Diseases of Men: No. 2. Throat nnd Lung Troubles; No. j, Female
Diseases (new edition); No. 4. htrteture. No. R. Varicocele; No, 6. Blood
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Whsthei you call or write, the address t J. NEWTON HATHAWAY M
D , IRA Bryan dtreet, Havannah. Ga, Office hours, la. m. to 11 m., Ito L
T to I p. m. Sundays It a. m. to 1 p. m.
SAVANNAH MORNING NEWS: MONDAY. NOVEMBER 21. 1904.
(Qm. W,v4j h/enf. '
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first, second and third dams are each
sired by third dams are each sired by
a registered standard pacing horse.
6. The progeny of a registered
standard trotting horse out of a regis
tered standard pacing mare, or of a
registered standard pacing mare out of
a registered, trotting mare.
The standard - bred horse is an
American breed developed largely by
the late John H. Wallace. While this
breed has been used largely for track
purposes with the idea of developing
exceedingly rapid speed for a short
distance, it has in it the possibilities
of a coach horse, the road horse, and
the common purpose horse for the
AVeatern farm.
In other words, the larger and more
showy types of the standard-bred
horse can be developed and we be
lieve will be. into a coach horse sec
ond to none under proper manage
ment. While the thoroughbred horse
must always be used largely for rac
ing purposes, the standard-bred horse
has a field of exceedingly wide utility.
Durr Clover for Winter Pasture.
I have raised burr clover for the
past thirty years for winter pasture
for hogs, goats, cows and chickens,
says a l'armer in Southern Cultivation.
I consider it the best winter pasture
one can have for the money expended,
as it reseeds itself. One sowing will
last a life-time, though easily destroy
ed when desired. By planting Ber
muda grass he can have both winter
and summer pasture, as they do not
conflict on same land. The clover can
be pastured from Decemb?r until May,
so it may reseed itself by the first of
June; then up comes the Bermuda to
give you pasturage until frost. The
two combined will bear close grazing
and harder us'.ige than any combina
tion I have ever seen tried. The long
er you have it the better you will like
It. I think it advisable for every one
who owns his home to plant one acre
for his cow and hog. After one trial
he will be convinced. He will have
the best return for the money ex
pended by seeing your cow enjoy
mowing it down which will give you
golden butter equal to finest Jersey.
You will then appreciate the value of
it. I do not understand why so rrtany
ask such questions to know If barley
or rye and oats will make good pas
turage for stock. We all admit they
are good feed, but find it not only
laborious but too expensive. To get the
benefit of pasturage you have to pre
pare your land and buy new seed
every year. Now, why not plant burr
clover, as one planting will last a life
time; again, when it matures its seed
by the first of June, you may plant
in corn year after year. I have done
this for a number olj years. I never
fall to have nice roasting ears, as the
clover seems to enrich the land, the
corn having a dark, rich green color.
The Scrap llook.
Products of the Corn Plant —Among
the products of the corn plant are oils,
paper, pith (that is used in battleships
to stop shot holes below the water
line), whisky, three kinds of sugar,
and two each of syrup and molasses;
many food elements, different kinds of
cellulose, vicose, pyroxylene and amy
loid; many products useful in the arts
—celluloid, collodion, sizing, varnishes,
films, flfaments for Incandescent lights,
artificial silk, guncotton, smokeless
powder and fine charcoal; many varie
ties of starch and of glucose; several
kinds of gum, grape-sugar, corn-rubber
(used for buffers on railway cars), corn
oil cake and meal, malt, beer, wines,
alcohol and fusel oil, even shuck m'ats
and shuck mattresses.
A Texas Cattle Queen—With a
productive cattle ranch nearly twice
the size of Rhode Island, Mrs. Harriet
M. King, near San Antonio, Tex., may
well be termed the cattle queen of
the state. Her Santa Gertrude ranch
is ninety miles long, and includes 1,-
500,000 acres within its barbed wire
fences. Two thousand employes care
for its one hundred thousand cattle and
fifty thousand sheep. Mrs. King re
cently added 110,000 ‘acres to her hold
ings, at a cost of S3O per acre, and
last year she sold 22,000 young steers
and heifer*. The Income of the ranch
is between $300,000 and $400,000 a year
and the owner laughed at the offer of
a Cattle syndicate to buy it for $6,000 -
000 a year or two ago. Mrs. King is
■the personal manager of this vast do
main, and it is said that no step of
any Importance is taken upon it with
out consultation with her.
Lameness—Whenever a horse goes
lame make a close examination of the
foot the very first thing, as more than
three-fourths of all lameness in horses
has its source below the pastern Joint.
Clean the hoof out well, then wash
the sole to soften it and scrape it all
over to see if the horse h'as picked up
a nail or punctured the sole with a
sharp stone. If any wound is found,
pare down the sole about it and make
a free opening down to the “quick"
to allow the escape of any pus that
may form.
The next thing to do is to render
the wound thoroughly aseptic, and the
usual agent is carbolic acid. While
a 5 per cent, solution is strong enough
to use as a lotion, we use a 10 per cent,
solution on hoof wounds, as this
strength slightly cauterizes the sore
and is sure to kill ail germs of d.s
ease. After the application of the 10
per cent, wtash the wound with
hot water and apply the usual 5 per
cent, solution of carbolic acid three
■times a day. Never plug up a nail
wound with tar, but kep if open and
use the carbolic acid solution as di
rected.”
English Farmers Giving Up Grain
Raising.—The area devoted to the
wheat crop in Great Britain has de
creased about 13 per cent, as compared
with last year. The barley crop also
shows a decrease in acreage. A part
of the land withdrawn from wheat and
barley has been devoted to the oat
crop, but the total acreage of all three
crops is the lowest recorded since the
official returns were first issued, thir
ty-six years ago, and is 111 acres less
than last year’s total. Some of the
land withdrawn from the grain crops
have been devoted to specialties, such
as fruits, flowers and vegetables, while
other areas have been turned into
parks, pasturage and mowing.
Poultry and Orchards.—lt is fre
quently asserted that orcharding and
poultry raising go together. This per
haps is true on a small scale, but we
can hardly conceive of a great com
mercial orchard comprising hundreds
of acres of land being made also a
poultry range. In such a case the com
bination would be overdone, as the
shade from the trees, being constant,
would militate against the health of
the fowls. On a small scale the -com
bination is a happy -one. The bugs
and worms are eaten by the fowls and
the grass forms a handy adjunct to
the feeding operations. The grass is
not wanted anyway In the orchard,
and if the poultry can keep it down so
much the better. It will then not be
necessary to even run the weeder over
the ground to keep the weeds from be
coming a nuisance.
The plum orchard is a very good
kind of orchard in which to keep poul
try, as the limbs of the trees do not
shut off too much sun from the birds.
We have seen poultry yards of small
size, in each one of which was a sin
gle plum tree growing and thriving.
There is no reason why trees in such
locations should not prove to be very
fruitful. They are certainly sure of not
becoming grass-bound.
Electroculture.—Electrocutture is a
somewhat new word in our agricul
ture. It means the science of mak
ing plants grow by the help of elec
tricity. Little experimentation has been
done in this line on the American con
tinent, except by growing plants In the
glare of electric lights. But in Eu
rope the matter Is receiving a good
deal of attention, the electricity being
applied there directly to the plants in
various ways. In France pamphlets
are being published' on the results.
Under the intensive agriculture fol
lowed near the great capitals of Eu
rope the acceleration of growth means
a. great deal. Some of the land under
glass near Paris rents for 2,000 francs
per acre per year. It is evident that
it is a very important matter to be
able to increase the production only
a little. In the United States it is at
present different, and we are not yet
driven to applying electricity to the
growing of farm crops.
The results obtained in Europe are
interesting though not extraordinary.
Many plants grew more rapidly when
the soil was supplied with electricity
nnd in some cases the seed germi
nated much more quickly. Thus peas
sown in ground that was supplied
artificially with electricity germinated
in tivo and a half days, while without
being supplied with electricity they
germinated in four days. It was found
that an induction current caused the
most rapid growth of the plant, while
with the continuous current the yield
was larger. So one kind of a current
would be needed for lettuce and an
other for peas.
~T, he , French scientists do not find it
difficult to get very good results, but
say that they are unable to overcome
the obstacle in the way in the cost of
electricity. Therefore electroculture
is as yet not a practical science The
question of profit cannot be yet con
sidered, that depending on a greatly
. reduced cost of making electricity.
Pear and Apple Blight.—ln the case
of pear blight, and apple twig blight
and quince blight—all essentially the
same, though the latter two are less vir
ulent than the former, too much em
phasis cannot be placed on the immedi
ate cutting and burning of the branches
which, by the turning black of the
leaves, show the presence of the blight.
And this cutting should be done in the
healthy wood, five or six inches below
the affected branch, in orde.r (1) to be
certain of removing all the diseased
wood, and (2) to keep the knife, or
saw, from becoming infected. For the
instrument which has cut into blighted
wood will carry the blight to a per
fectly healthy branch, if it Is used to
cut into it without being disinfected.
This disinfection, when necessary,
should never be omitted. The simplest
method probably, is to pass it a num
ber of times through the flame of a
lighted lamp. When done carefully,
the temper will not be lnlured.
How to Feed Corn to Hogs.—While
the majority of farmers who have a
range for their hogs during the sum
mer cut off the corn supply almost en
tirely, it is questionable if this is the
best plan. On the other hand, it will
not do to feed corn entirely.
In feeding corn to pigs the best re
sults come when it Is given to them
once a day if they have grass to run
on during the day, or if they have
skim milk or middlings once a day.
Gluten meal may take the place of the
middlings if desired; It will do quite
as much good and is cheaper.
There is no question about the value
of corn at the fattening period, but
mistakes are sometimes made here In
feeding the hog too long; that is, after
it has reached about the top notch for
market. Corn fed,beyond that period
is simply wasted.
Horse Colic and Its Cure —“One of the
most fruitful causes of colic Is the
too common habit of allowing horses
to partake of large draughts of water
Immediately after finishing a feed of
oats. There is no surer way of gen- i
crating an attack of colic titan this, j
the reason being that when a large
quantity of water is thus Imbibed It
has the effect of carrying with it out
of the stomach and Into the inteatlnea
some of the freshly eaten grain. This
grain, being still In a raw and undi
gested condition. Its effect when It
reach** the Intestines Is to give rise
to Irritation and Inflammation, which
are the immediate cause of the colic.
In dealing with rts*s of this kind the
most obvious course to adopt is to
take precaution* to prevent Ih* anl- 1
mala from drinking large qttaiitlties
of water under the circumstances Just
referred to. When an animal falls a
victim to an attack of colic Ik* best
Continued us ksvenlb I* age-
CORN THE CROP
OF THANKSGIVING
MAKES THE DAY GLAD OR SAD.
PRODUCTS OF CORJf SUPPORT A
THOUSAND INDUSTRJES.
From #le Rnildlnu of a Battleship
to the Making of a Child's Rubber
ball—America's Cora Crop Nearly
Four Times as Large as That ot
the Rest of the World Pat Togeth
er—lllinois the Greatest Cora
State—The Value of Its Yearly
Crop Far Exceeds the Combined
National Revenue of Sixteen Re
publics.
By John H. Machray.
Chicago, Nov. 19.—0f all the fruits
of the earth and the blessings of
Providence for which a good American
gives thanks on the day appointed by
the Chief Executive, corn ranks first
and foremost. It is the greatest of
American crops, the typical American
crop. On corn the prosperity of the
United States depends in a larger
measure than it does upon any other
single article. Corn vitalizes a thou
sand industries, and affects in some
degree almost every nerve and sinew
of the commonwealth.
If the corn crop is bad, Thanksgiving
Day seems a hollow mockery to mil
lions; if it is good, Thanksgiving Day
is the heartiest of festivals.
It may well be so. The corn crop
of 1902 throughout the United States
amounted to 2,523,648,000 bushels; while
the corn crop of all the rest of the
world put. together only totaled 659,-
162,000 bushels. This is the latest com
parison available, the statistics of the
corn crop of 1903 for the world, exclu
sive of America, not having been com
plied.
The Greatest Cora State.
The state of Illinois—the greatest
corn-growing state in the Union—alone
produced during 1902 a great deal
more than half as much corn as the
whole of Europe—namely 264,057,431
bushels as compared with 422,526,000
bushels. The total production of
South America, Africa and Australasia
was not much more than half of that
of Illinois. Australasia produced 7,-
847,000 bushels. No fewer than twen
ty-six American states and two terri
tories individually did better than
that.
The American corn crop of 1903 was
harvested from over eighty-eight mil
lions of acres; or 137,500 square miles.
This area Is much larger than the
whole of Great Britain, or Italy and
Greece put together, and more than
twice as large as European Turkey.
Close to a Hillion Dollar*.
The value of the 1903 crop was esti
mated by the Department of Agricul
ture at close on a billion dollars, but
that was only the direct value of the
crop when harvested and sold or
awaiting sale in the farmers’ hands.
It took no account of the many other
uses to which corn is put. For ex
ample, the live stock industry of the
United States, which, with all its
countless ramifications, is by far the
greatest industry of its kind in the
world, is very largely dependent on
the corn crop. It has been estimated
that over 5,000,000 sheep and 12,000,000
beef steers are fattened in the great
corn belt which has Springfield, 111.,
for its center. And then there are
chickens, hogs and dairy cows innu
merable.
Illinois’ corn last year was worth
more than ninety-five millions of dol
lars—about one-tenth the value of the
crop, and about S2O for every man,
woman and child in the state. lowa
came net with a crop worth over
$87,000,000. That is more than the
national revenue of either Austria-
Hungary, China, Canada, Belgium, or
the whole of the British colonies, ex
cluding Canada, India and Australasia.
It far exceeds the combined revenue
of Sweden, Switzerland and Norway.
Outvalue* Revenue* of Republte*.
The state of Illinois gets far more
money for its corn crop than the
combined revenues of all the Latin-
American governments, except the
four most important ones—Mexico,
Chile, Argentina and Brazil. Take
the sixteen sovereign republics of
Hayti, Santo Domingo, Salvador,
Costa Rica. Honduras, Guatemala,
Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecu
ador, Peru, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bo
livia, Cuba and Panama, and you will
find that their national revenues do
not exceed seventy millions of dol
lars annually. Illinois gets twenty
five millions of dollars more for her
corn crop.
And it must be remembered that all
this vast wealth is of recent creation.
As late as 1859, the United States
imported corn from England, but the
great extension of maize growing in
the Middle West and the South soon
made that forever impossible again.
But 1879 Illinois was producing 105
bushels per head of its population,
and since then the corn production
has increased by leaps and bounds.
Wyoming now comes lowest on the
list of the states and territories in
the matter of com. Its crop in 1903
amounted to the mere trifle of 45,784
bushels, but that was larger than the
production of many of the sovereign
Powers o! Europe.
Great Corn Growing State.
Illinois, lowa, Kansas, Nebraska, In
diana, Missouri and Ohio are the great
est corn-producing states; tout it must
be borne in mind that the corn crop,
apart even from its food value and its
Importance as a vitalizer of the money
market, is the sovereign consideration
In manufacturing centers throughout
this broad land. It has been well said
that “com permeates the industrial
fabric.” It furnishes the raw material
for a thousand Industries. It is used
in the building of a battleship and in
the making of a child’s rubber ball.
There is no staple of which the by
products are more numerous and valu
able.
Nearly all of the long array of
breakfast foods, served to us in so
many disguises nowadays, consist In
reality of com. So do an Infinite num
ber of jellies, meals, starches, syrups,
caramels, gumdrops, and other eat
ables. Into which glucose, starch and
other properties of corn largely enter.
Cellulose, which Is a by-product of
com, is used for packing the coffer
dams of battleships, and the navies of
Constipation, ft* Cause and Curt.
A person in order to be healthy must get rid
of the waste product* (or poisons) of the body.
Nature has provided four way* to get rid of
them; The Bowel*, the Kidney*, the Bladder
and the pores of the Skin.
If the bowel* become inactive, that portion of
the food which should be thrown off lies In tbs
Intestine* and decompose*, causing blood, nerve,
liver and kidney trouble, and rlosas the porea
of the akin, thus cresting dthsase in the entire
system.
You can Immediately relieve and permanently
cure yourself of stubborn constipation or dis
tressing stomach trouble and i*i tartly regulate
your kldoet • and liver by taking on* dose a da>
of IHMKK 6 PALMETTO WINK. Any reader
of this i■*!■*'r ran secure absolutely fra* a bottle
by writing to Drake Formula Cos.. Drake liuiid
mi, Chisago
A fillU! trial bottle alone baa brought beaitt
sod vigor to lussy, so you owa it to ye'll self is
bcove whs'. It will do In pour csss.
Witt* tbs wgaoy Otis v.r# 4a#.
HIDES. WAX. FURS. SKINS.
Highest Market Prices Paid.
A. EHRLICH & PRO,, Wholesale Grocers and Liquor Dealers
THE CHASMAR KINO SUPPLY CO^T
126-130 Bay Street. West
JOBBERS.
FIXTURES. SANITARY PLUMBING GOODS, WROUGHT
HiON PII E FTITINGS. etc. All supplies for STEAM. WATER and GAS,
Sole Agents for the celebrated Hl’Xli EY VALVES. “
Wool, Hides, Wax, ‘Raw Furs and Skins,
Write for Prices.
D. KIRKLAND,
<lls TO 421 ST. JU I,IAN STREET, WEST. '
FINE FURNITURE
Not for many seasons has there been such a demand
for the finer qualities in housefurnishings. This de
mand finds a ready welcome with us, as our stock is
made up of what is best in the furniture and carpet
world. The tasty buyer will find right styles in the
fine line we show in
SOLID MAHOGANY DRESSER ’
CHIFFONIERS
SIDEBOARDS AND DINING TABLES
BRASS BEDS.
LADIES’ DESKS.
PARLOR FURNITURE.
RUGS AND DRAPERIES.
This week a lot of Wicker Work Baskets,
£i.so value for 98c.
LINDSAY & MORGAN
KALO LA
(Crystallized Mineral Water)
Nature’s Perfect Harmless Remedy.
Cures by removing the cause of disease.
Hundreds of voluntary testimonials by home people,
among whom is numbered Mr. B. Dub, the popular pro
prietor of Screven House, this city.
Kalola restores the weak and feeble to perfect
health and vigor by giving*strength and appetite.
"TakeKalola Six Days and Eat Anything You Want."
Not equaled as a morning laxative.
Recommended by physicians and all who try it.
For sale by all druggists, 50c and SI.OO.
KALOLA COMPANY,
23-21 Bay Street, West, ..... Savannah, Ga.
BELL PHONE 2173 - BOARDTRADE BLDG.
the world would find it hard to get
along without it or to get an equally
satisfactory substitute. The wine and
beer trades depend upon corn for their
raw material to an extent that would
surprise the layman. Germinated
brewer's meal comes from corn, and
who has not heard of the famous “c’on
whisky?” Americans have carried it
right round the globe, like the corncob
pine. •
Corn In Medicines.
When the doctor prescribes medicine
for you it is a safe bet that a large
proportion of the Ingredients come from
corn. When you ride your automobile
or your cycle you are under an obli
gation to the corn crop, for a compo
sition of rubber is now made from
corn, and is largely used in place of
the real article from the forests of
South America. When you buy a
gaily-colored shirt or print frock you
may be pretty sure that the coloring
matter for it has been obtained from
cqrn.
The list of by-products might be
lengthened almost indefinitely. Mil
lions of whirring factory wheels would
have to stop running for lack of raw
material If. for any reason, the corn
crop utterly failed, and millions upon
millions of operators would be out of
work.
Corn ns Fnel.
Out on the wide, treeless plains of
the West, in Kansas and Nebraska, It
was the custom, until recent years, to
burn corn for fuel. In many places,
when it was down to ten or fifteen
cents a bushel, It was cheaper to grow
it for this purpose than to transport
any other kind of fuel that was avail
able. A hundred bushela were reckoned
equal in heating power to a cord of
the best hard wood. But corn has
ceased to be used for - this purpose,
even on the Western prairies, since Its
rise In price In recent years.
More than with most other crops,
the problem of transportation plays a
supremely important part in the cal
culations of the American corn grower
nnd com buyer. A bushel of corn has
usually to be carried many hundreds
of miles by railway before it can be
put on a lake steamer at Duluth nr
an ocean-going vessel at one of the
ports on the Atlantic or the Paciflo
seaboard. And then It haa to ha trans
ported thousand* of mil** to tfaa mar
kets of Europe or the Far East, as
the case may be. It may well hap
pen that before it reaches its destina
tion the original price of the bushel
has been mere than doubled by the
cost of transportation.
’Frisco's Corn Kxpnrta.
At San Francisco an Immense ship
ping is required every year to carry
away the corn crop that comes pour
ing into that busy city. The available
tonnage varies largely from year to
year, and there is annually much spec
ulation there, which turns mainly on
the rates of freight. These vary •with
the supply, In some years, all the way
from sl4 to sl9 a ton; and great for
tunes may be lost or made in a day in
San Francisco simply by speculating
in the perplexing problem of the
transportation of corn.
It is not generally known that there
are more than three hundred varieties
of corn, and that they differ among
themselves more than those of any
other cereal. Some comes to maturity
in two months; others in seven
months. Some are as many feet high
as others are Inches; some have ker
nels eleven times larger than others.
Mut of all these varieties, only three
are common and widely grown—the
“Flint,” east of Lake Erie and north
of Maryland; the "Dent,” south and
west of those points; and the “Hore
tooth” in the South, where It grows
along with the "Dent.”
"Green" corn, the great American
delicacy of to-day, was a most im
portant article of food among the
North American Indians In their
prime, and many tribes celebrated Its
season by religious festivals and
elaborate thanksgiving ceremonials.
The white Ajnerlcan of to-day only
follows the example of the-red Ameri
can of yesterday In giving thanks for
corn first nnd foremost of all the
fruits of the earth. Corn Is still, a*
it was then, the bulwark of the social
order, the mainspring of industry, the
creator and suatalner of civilization.
I.anther ('Hr Seltaol House flamed.
Lumber City, Gu., Nov. 20.—'The
school building here and sit its fur
nishings was destroyed by lire last
night at 10 o’clock. Ths origin of ths
firs is unknown. Ths loss la $,009,
partially covsrad by iuauruua.