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ROME, J' Sa^ s *“7 ADAIRSVILLEW^^H^ 0 - ]M; 5 W o At ? D y ,c i Ni T Y - Were tt s“ : ’/,<? .\. ■'< Af’Za ' an, \ i ''' :; ''lJ< l ’'.''y'F? l _n®\ Z l ' : '^'Xo? | T?,“S 1 XW /?x ■'X Z* e ■??;; // « ; *r>// XXj | I ./■'* 4 ■?"’''x.<X=X-.,,W '—? xl xX c XX/ xSteXs-X I OxFlfw^sLA I \ AX#/ L k-y • ' f v/\ ZXt "XA Ik/ wb AUX/o ■ \ tVv X/ bx (Yhzj®' 3Djr Vj^aßm ■ A: <&noh<A <~*Xlorrisons<V xK JLJjifi iV JiXAjK’ liattlc May 184t24i-h! n® i'X--- ‘ ? f</ X wFW-?. l iS53t i “ I ’'tes”' 1 “ ‘ "jgßfflaffißWk W r “ ,s y>n^ciT>" i vTwiv sis MATTHEWS, NORTHRUP 4 CO., ART*PRiNT|N'j WORKS, BUFFALO, N» Y. Canty’s division of 3,000 at Resaca, May 9th; Loring’s of 5,000, at the same point, May 11th, and French’s of 4,000, at Cassville, on May 18th — these three comprising Polk’s corps — also Martin’s division of cavalry, 3,500, May 9th ; Jackson’s division of caval ry, 3,900, at Adairsville, May 17th, and Quarles’ brigade of 2,200, at New Hope Church, May 26th. While fighting around Kennesaw Mountain, General Johnston also re ceived re-enforcements of over 3,000 Georgia militia, which Governor Jo seph E. Brown, the ‘war Governor’ of Georgia, placed at his disposal. The highest number of men which Johnston had at any time was 59,248 at Kennesaw Mountain.”— Mountain Campaigns in Georgia, or JFar Scenes on the W. & A. Unable to dislodge Johnston by di rect assault, Sherman sent McPherson through Snake Creek Gap, opposite Resaca, to capture that point and break Johnston’s communications with Atlanta. McPherson with 23,000 men was repulsed by two small brigades of Confederates, and fell back. Sher man then moved his whole army through Snake Creek Gap, forcing the evacuation of Dalton by Johnston, who retired to Resaca. Then ensued the three days’ battles at Resaca, which ended by Sherman’s sending a column southward and se curing possession of Lay’s (or Tanner’s) Ferry, which movement exposed Cal houn, a station on the railroad south of Resaca, to Federal occupation, and forced the evacuation of Resaca by Johnston. The Confederates retreated to Cass ville, having, however, a sharp little combat with the pursuing Federals at Adairsville. Hood’s failure to obey Johnston’s orders defeated the latter’s plan for striking with his whole army one half of Sherman’s east of Kingston, the Fed erals in pressing the pursuit being di vided and coming down two roads sev eral miles apart. After spirited and heavy cannonad ing and noisy musketry firing between the advanced lines of the two armies at Cassville, the Confederates abandoned their intention of having a general en gagement at this position, and fell back south of the Etowah river, infor mation being received that Sherman’s forces were moving southwestward via Euharlee and Stilesboro. / I A KennestfcsjLO J|/_. ; ft s Z '! Bi 9 o ft \ /f Jul Art-l-. jft C ilt,. OHvXI } Jx School Cf/ IQ ' . Ch. Newton's|Mill fV I Houscy p<* K I ft v. “ ' N X ■?"/ CaValryht/t'Ue’ol’Kenneww Mt-jV JAAA 0301 x //«/ . X. "Z-\ CJrtTreli / z xj r - —7 Lb? 'ft Great'Siattle of Z 4/ z /S'VK \ r\ x z{r CyxjSßf'oi'isaw&utnr= vWi aj y {W xAj-f \ J S CCC ) r Z^ u nl \ A \ "\ II MArOF H / TT{jZion|Churfch /UpAhawn’-O. > s J J k pJ,. f f •MARIETTA- f ‘ &. P XX\\V(Z? / //' AND VICINITY CbulUc trtne»-/ 1 y 1 2 MILES S | MATTHEWS, NORTHRUP 4 CO.. ART PRINTING WuRKS, BUFFALO. N./. Then began the New Hope Church series of battles. There was desper ate fighting in this vicinity for several days in May, which ended in the Fed erals flanking the Confederates out of Allatoona, and securing possession of that “natural fortress,” as General Sherman terms it, and which also en abled them to restore railroad com munications with Chattanooga over the Western & Atlantic Railroad. Johnston then retired to a new po sition, his left wing resting on Lost Mountain, his center on Pine Moun tain and his right on the ridges just northward of Kennesaw Mountain. For about a month there was daily fighting in this vicinity. The Con federates planted batteries upon Ken nesaw Mountain, seven hundred feet above the surrounding hills. While Sherman’s superiority of num bers enabled him, by the extension of his lines, to force a gradual and con stant retrogression of Johnston’s, yet he could do nothing which secured the THE KENNESAW GAZETTE. dislodgment by force of the Confeder ates from their lofty perch on the twin crests of Kennesaw Mountain, the cit adel of North Georgia. On the 27th of June, 1864, ensued the great battle of Kennesaw Moun tain, which resulted in a general Fed eral repulse. Sherman then made a movement in heavy force to the southwest, down the Sandtown road, which, by threaten ing the Western & Atlantic Railroad below Marietta, forced Johnston, on the 3d of July, to evacuate Kennesaw Mountain and Marietta, and retire to a new position north of the Chatta hoochee river. During this change of position, en sued the battle of Smyrna, July 4. After sharp fighting before Johnston’s entrenchments, Sherman extended his lines a number of miles northward and southward, securing possession of one or two fords across the Chattahoo chee river. The Confederates then fell back to the entrenchments around Atlanta. The Confederate government, just at this juncture, took the fatal step of re moving Johnston from command, and appointing Hood in his stead. Hood changed Johnston’s Fabian tactics, and with an army scarcely more than half as large as Sherman’s, assumed the offensive, and the desperate battle of Peachtree creek ensued on July 20, k Mi 11^/^ Buckhead '*\. MAP OF \f4LOO Htlan ta ff \/) AND VICINITY. J \ )]*4 n ..& ° -UaraJ ]Belton/ 'w*>s !''‘ <lt<, ") , ‘^ ) -.( j scale of miles. /A\ n <"• ’"TM’o, J X ffj TrJ \ |C\ SL XStaX > X XF 7n J [ 'rAiX X\*J i VL..XS*I Y r\\ / 0 1 H"/ \ ~Wi'Lhij>s | C<^*j^VcS—--- Av\ f \r z-Yk/X I cT?Joiu®<Mill7 /$ ,A., .C \proae B »-N * X \ I */r ' r Uamjnaus\Chw®lc ' y Chur^^^T W 0 / (/ ot 3 V/ \ I W MilM “I V 5 /a z ? ?r’'^^^f^ ti ‘/^x°>v^TAn> Lew A Min ''\ A x ? f Joseph P.O A J . f \ <T / L a A / f \ ■ ■ f fiKw MHi'X A* $ X- a z -> ( J ‘ White Wall '.M Mill « iVKsimTwi HADHLWb 4 NURTNHUP A Cfi.j AHT"PRINTING WORKS, BUFFALO, M. Y K which resulted in a Confederate reverse. Next followed the battles of the22d and 28th of July around Atlanta, and afterwards the fighting along the line of the Central Railroad at Jones boro and Lovejoy’s, and the subsequent evacuation of Atlanta. During the fall of that year ensued Hood’s eccentric campaign in Sher man’s rear over nearly the same ground through Georgia into Tennessee. Dur ing these movements occurred the bat tle of Allatoona and others. It is proper to state that between Chattanooga and Atlanta there is not a mile-post on the Western & Atlantic Railroad which was not within sound of musketry firing during the campaign, and there is not a cross-tie whereupon one standing could not have heard the sound of artillery firing. It may be here remarked that the Western & Atlantic Railroad was the means of securing the fall of Atlanta, and, therefore, to a great degree, the overthrow of the Southern Confedera cy. It was Sherman’s only channel for supplies for his immense army, and, during the campaign, he hugged it with a tenacity which showed that he considered it indispensable to success. His flank movement through Snake Creek Gap was to gain possession of it at Resaca, in the rear of Johnston at Dalton; his move against Calhoun, south of Resaca, via Lay’s Ferry, had the same end in view. Such, likewise, was his object, in the skillfully-planned and masterly march and struggles about New Hope Church, and such was his immediate aim in the movement south west of Marietta, after the failure of his grand and heroic assault upon Ken nesaw Mountain. One hundred and forty-five car loads per day of supplies were needed for the subsistence of his army during the cam paign, and over this railroad they were transported from Chattanooga. To insure its preservation, as he progressed farther and farther south ward, he placed garrisons to protect each bridge. Johnston, too, was fully alive to the supreme importance of this line to both armies, and, while his constant endeav or was to protect it behind him, it was also, his most ardent desire to find 5